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29,905 Article Results

UWB antenna with circular patch for early breast cancer detection

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12757
Aziz El; Moulay Ismail University Fatimi , Seddik; Moulay Ismail University Bri , Adil; Moulay Ismail University Saadi
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It has the highest incidence rate and the highest mortality rate. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has become more and more important, it is becoming the first tumor killer for women around the world. Early diagnosis is the most important parameter for detecting cancerous tissue to prevent serious consequences. In this electronic paper, we present a new design of an ultra-wide-band circular microstrip patch antenna operating in the recommended FCC band ([3.1 GHz - 10.6 GHz]) for the detection of breast tumors. The antenna is printed on an FR4 epoxy substrate with a dielectric permittivity r = 4.4 and loss tangent tan = 0.02. The results obtained are largely satisfying and prove that the proposed antenna is a candidate for biomedical applications.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2370-2377
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Comparison of semiconductor lasers at wavelength 980 nm & 1480 nm using InGaAs for EDFA pumping scheme

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.11745
Satyo; University of Al Azhar Indonesia Pradana , Ary; University of Al Azhar Indonesia Syahriar , Sasono; BPPT Rahardjo , Ahmad H.; University of Al Azhar Indonesia Lubis
Long distance Optical Communications are affected by many problems; loss of signal is one of them. Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is the key to solve it. By using Semiconductor Laser as pumping source for EDFA, the signal can brought back the performed of EDFA into normal condition. EDFA has a good wavelength operation at 980nm & 1480nm, in that case Semiconductor Laser using InGaAs at 980nm & 1480nm is suitable for them. By using selected wavelength and materials, the Semiconductor Laser can be produced properly. Also, determining the parameter is the important things to construct the Laser. By using Rate Equation, the performed of Semiconductor Laser can obtained several result. Those are injection current as a function of voltage, carrier density, photon density and output power as a function of injection current.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2675-2683
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Energy extraction method for EEG channel selection

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12805
Hilman; Telkom University Bandung Fauzi , M. Abdullah; Telco Solution Chaosmatic Co. Ltd. Azzam , Mohd. Ibrahim; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Shapiai , Masaki; Tokyo City University Kyoso , Uswah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Khairuddin , Tadayasu; Tokyo City University Komura
Channel selection is an improvement technique to optimize EEG-based BCI performance. In previous studies, many channel selection methods—mostly based on spatial information of signals—have been introduced. One of these channel selection techniques is the energy calculation method. In this paper, we introduce an energy optimization calculation method, called the energy extraction method. Energy extraction is an extension of the energy calculation method, and is divided into two steps. The first step is energy calculation and the second is energy selection. In the energy calculation step, l2-norm is used to calculate channel energy, while in the energy selection method we propose three techniques: “high value” (HV), “close to mean” (CM), and “automatic”. All proposed framework schemes for energy extraction are applied in two types of datasets. Two classes of datasets i.e. motor movement (hand and foot movement) and motor imagery (imagination of left and right hand movement) were used. The system used a Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) method to extract EEG signal features and k-NN as a classification method to classify the signal features with k = 3. Based on the test results, all schemes for the proposed energy extraction method yielded improved BCI performance of up to 58%. In summary, the energy extraction approach using the CM energy selection method was found to be the best channel selection technique.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2561-2571
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Recommender system for surplus stock clearance

10.11591/ijece.v9i5.pp3813-3821
Vipul Agarwal , Vijayalakshmi A
Accumulation of the stock had been a major concern for retail shop owners. Surplus stock could be minimized if the system could continuously monitor the accumulated stock and recommend the stock which requires clearance. Recommender Systems computes the data, shadowing the manual work and give efficient recommendations to overcome stock accumulation, creating space for new stock for sale to enhance the profit in business. An intelligent recommender system was built that could work with the data and help the shop owners to overcome the issue of surplus stock in a remarkable way. An item-item collaborative filtering technique with Pearson similarity metric was used to draw the similarity between the items and accordingly give recommendations. The results obtained on the dataset highlighted the top-N items using the Pearson similarity and the Cosine similarity. The items having the highest rank had the highest accumulation and required attention to be cleared. The comparison is drawn for the precision and recall obtained by the similarity metrics used. The evaluation of the existing work was done using precision and recall, where the precision obtained was remarkable, while the recall has the scope of increment but in turn, it would reduce the value of precision. Thus, there lies a scope of reducing the stock accumulation with the help of a recommender system and overcome losses to maximize profit
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Page: 3813-3821
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Design and implementation of smart electronic solar tracker based on Arduino

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.10912
Muthna Jasim; Middle Technical University (MTU) Fadhil , Rashid Ali; Middle Technical University (MTU) Fayadh , Mousa K.; Middle Technical University (MTU) Wali
Demand of energy increases in the global and exponential exhaustion is favored of resources by fossil fuel for electricity production with the new systems development. Compared with all other remainder energies, the specialist sun energy is the most bountiful energy and it's typically easy to be changed into electrical energy. The main thing of using solar panel is to produce electrical energy from sun's energy but the optimum energy can be generated by tracking solar panel due to the sun movement from east to west. The problem can be solved by proposed systems where the sun tracking by solar panel that based on high intensity of sun ray.  This paper concentrates on tracking the sun by using servo motor coupled with solar panel. So that, the largest quantity of sun light at the incident panel along the day at any time is better than that for method of fixed panel array which is less efficient. The microcontroller Arduino (mode UNO) was programmed by using C++ language while the track of sun light processing was implemented by using light depending resistor (LDR), Chip IC H-bridge and microcontroller Arduino (UNO) circuits have been designed by using Proteus software. By circuit design and sun tracking control process, the cost reduction has been improved and high amount of energy was saved when implemented this system.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2486-2496
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Energy-efficient MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks: a survey

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12163
Abdelmalek; University of Constantine Djimli , Salah; University of Constantine Merniz , Saad; United Arab Emirates University Harous
MAC Protocols enables sensor nodes of the same WSN to access a common shared communication channel. Many researchers have proposed different solutions explaining how to design and implement these protocols. The main goal of most MACs protocols is how to prolong lifetime of the WSN as long as possible by reducing energy consumption since it is often impossible to change or to recharge sensors’ batteries. The majority of these protocols designed for WSN are based on “duty-cycle” technique. Every node of the WSN operates on two periods: active period and sleep period to save energy. Until now (to our knowledge) there is no ideal protocol for this purpose. The main reason relies on the lack of standardization at lower layers (physical layer) and (physical) sensor hardware.  Therefore, the MAC protocol choice remains application-dependent. A useful MAC protocol should be able to adapt to network changes (topology, nodes density and network size). This paper surveys MAC protocols for WSNs and discusses the main characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of currently popular protocols.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2301-2312
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Process Mining: Measuring Key Performance Indicator Container Dwell Time

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp401-411
Bambang Jokonowo , Riyanarto Sarno , Siti Rochimah , Bagus Priambodo
The issues measures duration of stay the container logistic processes at ports in developing countries is often a major problem. Therefore, a knowledge process discovery, i.e., Heuristics Miner and Fuzzy Miner, can be used to discover the insight of process by creating a process model. The container import dwell time (DT) processes can be modeled based on the event log data sources are extracted from the terminal operating system (TOS). The L* life-cycle model is used to perform the process behavior analysis steps. The results of analysis and verification show that the container import DT processes have a median duration of 5.5 days and a mean duration of 6.07 days.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 401-411
Publish at: 2019-10-01

HEVC 2D-DCT architectures comparison for FPGA and ASIC implementations

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12815
Ainy Haziyah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Awab , Ab Al-Hadi; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Ab Rahman , Mohd Shahrizal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Rusli , Usman Ullah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Sheikh , Izam; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kamisian , Goh Kam; Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Meng
This paper compares ASIC and FPGA implementations of two commonly used architectures for 2-dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT), the parallel and folded architectures. The DCT has been designed for sizes 4x4, 8x8, and 16x16, and implemented on Silterra 180nm ASIC and Xilinx Kintex Ultrascale FPGA. The objective is to determine suitable low energy architectures to be used as their characteristics greatly differ in terms of cells usage, placement and routing methods on these platforms. The parallel and folded DCT architectures for all three sizes have been designed using Verilog HDL, including the basic serializer-deserializer input and output. Results show that for large size transform of 16x16, ASIC parallel architecture results in roughly 30% less energy compared to folded architecture. As for FPGAs, folded architecture results in roughly 34% less energy compared to parallel architecture. In terms of overall energy consumption between 180nm ASIC and Xilinx Ultrascale, ASIC implementation results in about 58% less energy compared to the FPGA.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2457-2464
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Design and fabrication of cost-effective heart-rate pulse monitoring sensor system

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.9926
Zulkhairi Mohd; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Yusof , Md Masum; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Billah , Kushsairy; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Kadir , Nur; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Amanina , Nur; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Hidayah , Haidawati; Universiti Kuala Lumpur Nasir
A traditional approach of heart rate measurement has always meant that people must go to hospitals to examine the patient disease at Cardiologist and medical officer. Most people have difficult such as no transport and lazy to go to the hospital for the check-ups of their conditions heart rate. This is because, before have a treatment or medical check-up, they should do an appointment. Besides that, demands of works very high nowadays. People busy with their works until forget to do medical check-ups. Additionally, the available portable heart rate monitoring machine is costly to buy for all. In this research, we develop a system which can be accommodate for all while everyone can do their check up at home and do not waste their time by waiting for their turn in the hospital to do the medical check-ups. The prototype is built using low cost electronics components. The prototype can do a self-check-up before seeing a medical practitioner may reduce mortality rate due to the silent killer that is heart attacks.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2497-2504
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Unit commitment based reliability analysis with contingency constraint

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp74-81
Raheema Syed , P. Srinivasa Varma , R. B. R Prakash , Ch. Rami Reddy
Unit commitment state’s the strategic choice to be prepared in order to define which of the accessible power plants should be taken into account to supply power. It permits utilities to reduce generation price of power. In this paper, the unit commitment problem is elucidated by taking N-1-1 contingency as a foremost constraint. The standard N-1-1 contingency takes the loss of sequential two components in the network having intervening interval for network modifications in the middle of two losses. The crucial objective to carry out contingency constrictions is to make certain that the operations of power system are adequately strong to unexpected losses of the components of the network. The optimal scheduling/allocation of the generating units is resolved by taking into account the N-1-1 criterion of contingency. By considering the N-1-1 criterion of contingency, the problem results to give an optimised model which is a linear model of mixed integer form. The linear program of mixed integer is a technique of an operational assessment in which restriction is imposed on few variables to be integers. Primarily benders decomposition was considered but for the improvement of results, the algorithm of branch and cut is presented. IEEE 30 bus system is taken into consideration and widespread analysis is accomplished to associate performance of the system under N-1-1 criterion contingency. The computational outcomes determine the value for taking into concern the intervening interval for the adjustments of the system with respect to the cost and robustness of the system. Later to the above model reliability assessment is proposed to calculate the Loss Of Load Expected (LOLE). This model is solved using MATLAB/MATPOWER software.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 74-81
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Algorithm for detecting deforestation and forest degradation using vegetation indices

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12585
M. Buce; Bogor Agricultural University Saleh , I Nengah Surati; Bogor Agricultural University Jaya , Nitya Ade; Bogor Agricultural University Santi , Dewayany; Geospatial Information Agency Sutrisno , Ita; National Aeronautic and Aerospace Agency Carolita , Zhang; Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning Yuxing , Wang; Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning Xuenjun , Liu; Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning Qian
In forestry sector, the remote sensing technology hold a key role on forest inventory and monitoring their changes. This paper describes the algorithm for detecting deforestation and forest degradation using high resolution satellite imageries with knowledge-based approach. The main objective of the study is to develop a practical technique for monitoring deforestation and forest degradation occurred within the mangrove and swamp forest ecosystem.  The SPOT 4, 5, and 6 images acquired in 2007, 2012 and 2014 were transformed into three vegetation indices, i.e., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green-Normalized Difference Vegetation index (GNDVI) and Normalized Green-Red Vegetation index (NRGI).  The study found that deforestation was well detected and identified using the NDVI and GNDVI, however the forest degradation could be well detected using NRGI, better than NDVI and GNDVI.  The study concludes that the strategy for monitoring deforestation, biomass-based forest degradation as well as forest growth could be done by combining the use of NDVI, GNDVI and NRGI respectively.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2335-2345
Publish at: 2019-10-01

H-infinity controller with graphical LMI region profile for liquid slosh suppression

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.11252
Mohd Zaidi; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohd Tumari , A. Shamsul Rahimi; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka A. Subki , Mohd Shahrieel Mohd; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Aras , Mohammad 'Afif; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Kasno , Mohd Ashraf; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Ahmad , Mohd Helmi; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Suid
This paper presents a H-infinity synthesis with pole clustering based on LMI region schemes for liquid slosh control. Using LMI approach, the regional pole placement known as LMI region combined with design objective in H-infinity controller guarantee a fast input tracking capability and very minimal liquid slosh. A graphical profile of the transient response of liquid slosh suppression system with respect to pole placement is very useful in giving more flexibility to the researcher in choosing a specific LMI region. With the purpose to confirm the design of control scheme, a liquid slosh model is considered to represent the lateral slosh movement. Supremacy of the proposed approach is shown by comparing the results with hybrid model-free fuzzy-PID controller with derivative filter. The performance of the control schemes is examined in terms of time response specifications of lateral tank tracking capability and level of liquid slosh reduction.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2636-2642
Publish at: 2019-10-01

A methodology for precise estimation of rain attenuation on terrestrial millimetre wave links from raindrop size distribution measurements

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.12798
Manhal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Alhilali , Mustafa; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Ghanim , Jafri; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Din , Hong Yin; University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Lam
Attenuation by atmospheric rain is the most significant impairment in millimetre wave frequencies (mmWave). Modern instruments could provide detailed measurements of rain, such as raindrop size distributions (DSDs). The analysis of DSDs could estimate their effects on past or co-located links measurements. This study presents propagation analysis in the mmWave bands using measurements of two terrestrial links working at 26 and 38 GHz carried out in Johor, Malaysia. Statistics obtained have been analysed in detail to extract any excess attenuation. The DSDs provided by a disdrometer have been used to estimate rain attenuation. The derived results show that the estimation can provide reasonable accuracy after extracting the wet antenna effects and having the advantage of the availability of measurements from various types of equipment.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Page: 2139-2146
Publish at: 2019-10-01

Automated conveyor system for football quality checking

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp216-221
Muhammad Rusydi Muhammad Razif , S. A. H. J. Norazuan , Ili Najaa Aimi Mohd Nordin , Hairulazwan Hashim
Many incidents happen in football matches such as injury, fight between team and ball out of game as whistle is blow. The worst case is where the ball exploded as the ball kick simultaneously from two opposite directions. To reduce problem in football matches and ensure the quality of the football match specification, this project is proposed a conveyor system for football quality checking, focusing on the ball size and weight measurement. In the conveyor system, a conveyor belt is introduced as a medium for conveying the ball, sensors to check the football specification and microcontroller to read the sensor input and produce output in term of motor control and measurement display. The conveyor system is made for checking the FIFA standard ball specification and it was built portably for easily carry and used in sport shop. The system could operate automatically, thus reducing to the need for worker. This project is expected to reduce injury in football match and also ensure the quality of the ball is guaranteed. For a standard football size measurement, the ball weight shows almost similar to the standard specification with 20g differences.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 216-221
Publish at: 2019-10-01

A fuzzy system for detection and classification of textile defects to ensure the quality of fabric production

10.11591/ijece.v9i5.pp4277-4286
Iman Subhi Mohammed , Israa Mohammed Alhamdani
The aim of this research focuses on construct a computerized system for textile defects detection. The system merges between image processing methods, statistical methods in addition to the Intelligent techniques via Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic. Gabor filters were used to identify edges and to highlight defective areas in fabric images, then to train the neural network on statistical and geometry features derived from fabric images to form the special neural network distinguish and classify defects into the fourteen categories, which are the most common defects in the textile factory.  The proposed work includes two phases. The first phase is to detect the defects in fabrics. The second phase is the classification phase of the defect. At the defect detection stage, a Discrete Cosine Transfer (DCT) converts the images to the frequency domain.  Image features then drawn and introduce them to the Elman Neural Network to detect the existence of defects. In the classification stage, the images are converted to the frequency domain by the Gabor filter and then the image features are extracted and inserted into the back propagation network to classify the fabric defects in those images. Fuzzy logic is then applied to neural network outputs and interference values are used in fuzzy logic to increase final discrimination. We evaluate a distinction rate of 91.4286% .After applying the fuzzy logic to neural network output; the discrimination rate was raised to 97.1428%. 
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Page: 4277-4286
Publish at: 2019-10-01
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