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31,456 Article Results

Extended network and algorithm finding maximal flows

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/19883
Tran Ngoc Viet , Le Hong Dung
Graph is a powerful mathematical tool applied in many fields as transportation, communication, informatics, economy, In ordinary graph the weights of edges and vertexes are considered independently where the length of a path is the sum of weights of the edges and the vertexes on this path. However, in many practical problems, weights at a vertex are not the same for all paths passing this vertex, but depend on coming and leaving edges. The paper develops a model of extended network that can be applied to modelling many practical problems more exactly and effectively. The main contribution of this paper is algorithm finding maximal flows on extended networks.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1632-1640
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Subthreshold swing model using scale length for sub-10 nm junction-based double-gate MOSFETs

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1747-1754
Hakkee Jung
We propose an analytical model for subthreshold swing using scale length for sub-10 nm double gate (DG) MOSFETs. When the order of the calculation for the series type potential distribution is increased it is possible to obtain accuracy, but there is a problem that the calculation becomes large. Using only the first order calculation of potential distribution, we derive the scale length λ1 and use it to obtain an analytical model of subthreshold swing. The findings show this subthreshold swing model is in concordance with a 2D simulation. The relationship between the channel length and silicon thickness, which can analyze the subthreshold swing using λ1, is derived by the relationship between the scale length and the geometric mean of the silicon and oxide thickness. If the silicon thickness and oxide film thickness satisfy the condition of (Lg-0.215)/6.38 > tsi(=tox), it is found that the result of this model agrees with the results using higher order calculations, within a 4% error range.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1747-1754
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Edge detection algorithm based on quantum superposition principle and photons arrival probability

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1655-1666
Ayoub Ezzaki , Lhoussaine Masmoudi , Mohamed El Ansari , Francisco-Angel Moreno , Rachid Zenouhi , Javier Gonzalez Jimenez
The detection of object edges in images is a crucial step employed in a vast amount of computer vision applications, for which a series of different algorithms has been developed in the last decades. This paper proposes a new edge detection method based on quantum information, which is achieved in two main steps: (i) an image enhancement stage that employs the quantum superposition law and (ii) an edge detection stage based on the probability of photon arrival to the camera sensor. The proposed method has been tested on synthetic and real images devoted to agriculture applications, where Fram & Deutsh criterion has been adopted to evaluate its performance. The results show that the proposed method gives better results in terms of detection quality and computation time compared to classical edge detection algorithms such as Sobel, Kayyali, Canny and a more recent algorithm based on Shannon entropy.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1655-1666
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Integrated healthcare monitoring device for obese adults using internet of things (IoT)

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1239-1247
Dev Gupta , Akanksha Parikh , R. Swarnalatha
Obesity is a global epidemic, often considered an impending disaster for the world’s population. Healthcare organizations and professionals repeatedly emphasize the negative impacts on obesity in the development of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes. The continuous monitoring of physiological parameters; namely SpO2, blood pressure, body temperature and pulse rate are imperative for obese adult patients. IoT is a dynamic field, used extensively in all fields: agriculture, automobile, manufacturing and retail industry primarily for automated remote real-time monitoring. This paper focuses on the implementation of IoT in the healthcare industry for monitoring and evaluating health conditions of obese adults, along with emphasis on the importance of medical data storage. Furthermore, a device is developed with a novel design and system, which not only allows real-time monitoring but also the storage of medical records for multiple patients simultaneously. The device facilitates measurements of these parameters using an Arduino environment and then transmits the data onto an IoT dashboard using a Wi-fi module for remote monitoring for healthcare professionals. The main aim is to provide a suitable device recommended by doctors for patients suffering from obesity, such that doctors can examine patient’s health trends over a period from the stored data for monitoring any changes that could be a symptom of an underlying unnoticed health condition.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1239-1247
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Online monitoring of voltage stability margin using PMU measurements

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1156-1168
Pankaj Sahu , M. K. Verma
With the growing smart grid concept it becomes important to monitor health of the power system at regular intervals for its secure and reliable operation. Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) may play a vital role in this regard. This paper presents voltage stability monitoring in real time framework using synchrophasor measurements obtained by PMUs. Proposed approach estimates real power loading margin as well as reactive power loading margin of most critical bus using PMU data. As system operating conditions keep on changing, loading margin as well as critical bus information is updated at regular intervals using fresh PMU measurements. Simulations have been carried out using Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) software. Accuracy of proposed Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS) based estimation of voltage stability margin has been tested by comparing results with loading margin obtained by continuation power flow method (an offline approach for accurate estimation of voltage stability margin) under same set of operating conditions. Case studies performed on IEEE 14-bus system, New England 39-bus system and a practical 246-bus Indian power system validate effectiveness of proposed approach of online monitoring of loading margin.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1156-1168
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Novel framework using dynamic passphrase towards secure and energy-efficient communication in MANET

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1552-1560
Chethan B. K. , M. Siddappa , Jayanna H. S.
At Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) has been long-researched topic in adhoc network owing to the associated advantages in its cost-effective application as well as consistent loophopes owing to its inherent charecteristics. This manuscript draws a relationship between the energy factor and security factor which has not been emphasized in any existing studies much. Review of existing security approaches shows that they are highly attack specific, uses complex encryption, and overlooks the involvement of energy factor in it. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a novel mechanism where security tokens and passphrases are utilized in order to offer better security. The proposed system also introduces the usage of an agent node which communications with mobile nodes using group-based communication system thereby ensuring reduced computational effort of mobile nodes towards establishing secured communication. The outcome shows proposed system offers better outcome in contrast to existing system.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1552-1560
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Energy efficient clustering using the AMHC (adoptive multi-hop clustering) technique

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1622-1631
Vimala M. , Rajeev Ranjan
IoT has gained fine attention in several field such as in industry applications, agriculture, monitoring, surveillance, similarly parallel growth has been observed in field of WSN. WSN is one of the primary component of IoT when it comes to sensing the data in various environment. Clustering is one of the basic approach in order to obtain the measurable performance in WSNs, Several algorithms of clustering aims to obtain the efficient data collection, data gathering and the routing. In this paper, a novel AMHC (Adaptive Multi-Hop Clustering) algorithm is proposed for the homogenous model, the main aim of algorithm is to obtain the higher efficiency and make it energy efficient. Our algorithm mainly contains the three stages: namely assembling, coupling and discarding. First stage involves the assembling of independent sets (maximum), second stage involves the coupling of independent sets and at last stage the superfluous nodes are discarded. Discarding superfluous nodes helps in achieving higher efficiency. Since our algorithm is a coloring algorithm, different color are used at the different stages for coloring the nodes. Afterwards our algorithm (AMHC) is compared with the existing system which is a combination of Second order data CC(Coupled Clustering) and Compressive-Projection PCA(Principal Component Analysis), and results shows that our algorithm excels in terms of several parameters such as energy efficiency, network lifetime, number of rounds performed.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1622-1631
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.11n random topology WLAN with QoS application

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1924-1934
Ziyad Khalaf Farej , Mustafa Mohammad Jasim
The IEEE 802.11n supports high data rate transmissions due its physical layer Multiple Input ‎Multiple Output (MIMO) advanced antenna system and MAC layer enhancement features (frame ‎aggregation and block acknowledgement). As a result this standard is very suitable for multimedia ‎services through its Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA). This paper focuses on ‎evaluating the Quality of Service (QoS) application on the performance of the IEEE 802.11n ‎random topology WLAN. Three different number of nodes (3, 9 and 18) random topology with one ‎access point are modeled and simulated by using the Riverbed OPNET 17.5 Modular to ‎investigate the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) performance for different spatial streams. ‎The result clarified the impact of QoS application and showed that its effect is best at the 18 node ‎number topology. For a 4x4 MIMO, when QoS is applied and with respect to the no QoS ‎application case, simulation results show a maximum improvement of 86.4%, 33.9%, 52.2% and ‎‎68.9% for throughput, delay, data drop and retransmission attempts, respectively. ‎
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1924-1934
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Support vector machine based alzheimer’s disease diagnosis using synchrony features

10.11591/ijict.v9i1.pp57-62
Nilesh Kulkarni
Previous research work has highlighted that neuro-signals of Alzheimer’s disease patients are least complex and have low synchronization as compared to that of healthy and normal subjects. The changes in EEG signals of Alzheimer’s subjects start at early stage but are not clinically observed and detected. To detect these abnormalities, three synchrony measures and wavelet-based features have been computed and studied on experimental database. After computing these synchrony measures and wavelet features, it is observed that Phase Synchrony and Coherence based features are able to distinguish between Alzheimer’s disease patients and healthy subjects. Support Vector Machine classifier is used for classification giving 94% accuracy on experimental database used. Combining, these synchrony features and other such relevant features can yield a reliable system for diagnosing the Alzheimer’s disease.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 57-62
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A combined spectrum sensing method based DCT for cognitive radio system

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1935-1942
Muntasser S. Falih , Hikmat N. Abdullah
In this paper a new hybrid blind spectrum sensing method is proposed. The method is designed to enhance the detection performance of Conventional Energy Detector (CED) through combining it with a proposed sensing module based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficient’s relationship as operation mode at low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values. In the proposed sensing module a certain factor called Average Ratio (AR) represent the ratio of energy in DCT coefficients is utilized to identify the presence of the Primary User (PU) signal. The simulation results show that the proposed method improves PU detection especially at low SNR values.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1935-1942
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Memetic algorithm for short messaging service spam filter using text normalization and semantic approach

10.11591/ijict.v9i1.pp9-18
Arnold Adimabua Ojugo , Andrew Okonji Eboka
Today’s popularity of the short messages services (SMS) has created a propitious environment for spamming to thrive. Spams are unsolicited advertising, adult-themed or inappropriate content, premium fraud, smishing and malware. They are a constant reminder of the need for an effective spam filter. However, SMS limitations of 160-charcaters and 140-bytes size as well as its being rippled with slangs, emoticons and abbreviations further inhibits effective training of models to aid accurate classification. The study proposes Genetic Algorithm Trained Bayesian Network solution that seeks to normalize noisy feats, expand text via use of lexicographic and semantic dictionaries that uses word sense disambiguation technique to train the underlying learning heuristics. And in turn, effectively help to classify SMS in spam and legitimate classes. Hybrid model comprises of text preprocessing, feature selection as well as training and classification section. Study uses a hybrid Genetic Algorithm trained Bayesian model for which the GA is used for feature selection; while, the Bayesian algorithm is used as classifier.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 9-18
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A survey on power management strategies of hybrid energy systems in microgrid

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1667-1673
G. R. Prudhvi Kumar , D. Sattianadan , K. Vijayakumar
The power generation through renewable energy resources is increasing vastly, Solar energy and Wind Energy are the most abundantly available renewable energy resources. The growth of small scale distributed grid networks increasing rapidly in the modern power systems and Distributed Generation (DG) plays a predominant role. Microgrid is one among the emerging techniques in power systems. Power Management is mainly required to have control over the real and reactive power of individual DG and for smooth operation, maintaining stability and reliability. This paper presents a survey of the research works already reported focusing on power management of hybrid energy systems such as mainly solar and wind systems in microgrid. Six different approaches have been studied in detail for AC,DC and hybrid AC/DC microgrid.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1667-1673
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Improving the role of language model in statistical machine translation (Indonesian-Javanese)

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp2102-2109
Herry Sujaini
The statistical machine translation (SMT) is widely used by researchers and practitioners in recent years. SMT works with quality that is determined by several important factors, two of which are language and translation model. Research on improving the translation model has been done quite a lot, but the problem of optimizing the language model for use on machine translators has not received much attention. On translator machines, language models usually use trigram models as standard. In this paper, we conducted experiments with four strategies to analyze the role of the language model used in the Indonesian-Javanese translation machine and show improvement compared to the baseline system with the standard language model. The results of this research indicate that the use of 3-gram language models is highly recommended in SMT.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 2102-2109
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Optimal unit commitment of a power plant using particle swarm optimization approach

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1135-1141
Boniface O. Anyaka , J. Felix Manirakiza , Kenneth C. Chike , Prince A. Okoro
Economic load dispatch among generating units is very important for any power plant. In this work, the economic load dispatch was made at Egbin Thermal Power plant supplying a total load of 600MW using six generating units. In carrying out this study, transmission losses were assumed to be included into the load supplied. Also three different combinations in the form of 6, 5 and 4 units commitment were considered. In each case, the total load was optimally dispatched between committed generating units using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Similarly, the generation cost for each generating unit was determined. For case 1, the six generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,100,685.069$/h. For case 2, five generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,520,861.947$/h. For case 3, four generators were committed and the generation cost is 3,150,621.685$/h. From all considered cases, it was found that, the minimum generation cost was achieved when all six generating units were committed and a total of 420,178.878$/h was saved.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1135-1141
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Rough set based QoS enabled multipath source routing in MANET

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1915-1923
Prathviraj N. , Santosh L Deshpande
The single constrained Quality of Service (QoS) routing in Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is disastrous in consideration of MANET characteristics, inference, collision and link failure as it maintains a single path. The QoS enabled routing yields better packet delivery and maintains consistency among nodes in the network by incorporating multi-constrained and multipath routing. The Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) is best suited source routing algorithm to maintain multipath information at the source node, but performance degrades with larger number of mobile nodes. Multi-layer mechanism should be incorporated to maintain QoS metric information spreads across multiple layers of TCP/IP protocol stack. The proposed multipath QoS enabled source routing provides balanced routing by making use of all these features. The imprecise decision making strategy called Rough Set Theory (RST) is used at destination node for decision making. The Route REQuest (RREQ) messages coming from different routes are filtered by considering the QoS metrics of each and every route by making use of RST. The Route REPly (RREP) messages are generated and delivered to the source node for filtered RREQ messages. The proposed routing algorithm will reduce load on the network by reducing number of control messages exchanged for route establishment. This will evenly distribute load among all the nodes and it also avoid the scenarios like few nodes starved for resources. Finally, multipath routing always provides alternate routing option in case of route failure.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1915-1923
Publish at: 2020-04-01
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