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Performance analysis of routing protocols in MANET

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1047-1052
Gajanan Madhavrao Walunjkar , Koteswara Rao Anne
Popularity of Mobile ad hoc network in research is  due to their ad hoc nature and effectiveness at the time of disaster management when no infrastructure support is available. Due to the limited transmission range of wireless network interfaces, multiple network hops may be needed for nodes to exchange data across the network. In such a network, each mobile node operates as a router, forwarding packets for other mobile nodes in the network that may not be within the direct reach. Routing protocols developed for wired networks such as the distance vector or link state protocols are inadequate here as they not only assume mostly fixed topology but also have high overheads. This has lead to several routing algorithms specifically targeted for ad hoc networks. In this paper, we include the MANET supported routing protocols and their performance analysis over different performance parameters such as packet delivery ratio, delay, throughput, control overhead and energy etc.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1047-1052
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Security techniques for intelligent spam sensing and anomaly detection in online social platforms

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp275-287
Monther Aldwairi , Loai Tawalbeh
The recent advances in communication and mobile technologies made it easier to access and share information for most people worldwide. Among the most powerful information spreading platforms are the Online Social Networks (OSN)s that allow Internet-connected users to share different information such as instant messages, tweets, photos, and videos. Adding to that many governmental and private institutions use the OSNs such as Twitter for official announcements. Consequently, there is a tremendous need to provide the required level of security for OSN users. However, there are many challenges due to the different protocols and variety of mobile apps used to access OSNs. Therefore, traditional security techniques fail to provide the needed security and privacy, and more intelligence is required. Computational intelligence adds high-speed computation, fault tolerance, adaptability, and error resilience when used to ensure security in OSN apps. This research provides a comprehensive related work survey and investigates the application of artificial neural networks for intrusion detection systems and spam filtering for OSNs. In addition, we use the concept of social graphs and weighted cliques in the detection of suspicious behavior of certain online groups and to prevent further planned actions such as cyber/terrorist attacks before they happen.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 275-287
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A review of arabic text steganography: past and present

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1040-1046
Suhaibah Jusoh , Aida Mustapha , Azizan Ismail , Roshidi Din
Steganography is a strategy for hiding secret information in a cover document in order to avoid attacker from predict about hidden information. Steganography exploit cover message, for instance text, audio, picture and video to hide the secret message. Before this, linguistic text steganographic techniques are implemented just for the English language. But nowadays different languages are used to hide the data like Arabic language. This language is still new in the steganography and still need practices for empowerment. This paper will present the text steganographic method for Arabic language, scholar paper within 5 year will be analyze and compared. The main objective of this paper is to give the comparative analysis in the Arabic steganography method that has been applied by previous researchers. Finally, the disadvantage and advantage of the method also will be presented in this paper.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1040-1046
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Comparing load balancing algorithms for web application in cloud environment

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1104-1108
Zakaria Benlalia , Karim Abouelmehdi , Abderrahim Beni-hssane , Abdellah Ezzati
Cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm for providing on-demand computing resources and outsourcing software and hardware infrastructures. Load balancing is one of the major concerns in cloud computing environment means how to distribute load efficiently among all the nodes. For solving such a problem, we need some load balancing algorithms, so in this paper we will compare the existing algorithms for web application.and based on results obtained we choose the best among them.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1104-1108
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Effect of optimal Multi-DG siting and sizing in transmission system using hybrid optimization technique for voltage control

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp646-653
Sharifah A. Shaaya , Ismail Musirin , Shahril I. Sulaiman , Mohd H. Mansor , Sharifah A. S.Mustaffa
The advancement of Distributed Generation (DG) technologies have caused great impact to power system operation. Inappropriate installation of DGs may lead to over-compensation or under-compensation situation. Thus, a reliable optimization is urgent to avoid any unwanted effect. This paper analyses the installation impact of different types-multi-DGs determined using a pre-developed hybrid optimization technique termed as Immunized-Brainstorm-Evolutionary Programming (IBSEP). It is imperative to study the effect of multi-DGs installation such that a relevant utility can make a correct decision, whether its installation is worth or vice versa. Rigorous study has been conducted in terms of identifying the optimal location and sizing, installed on transmission system for voltage control involving different DG types. Comprehensive results are embedded in this paper to demonstrate the effect of multi-DGs installation in transmission system which in turns beneficial to the utility.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 646-653
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp900-907
Muhamed K. Husein
In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 900-907
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Analysis of classification learning algorithms

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1029-1039
Hana Rashied Esmaeel
The paper attempts to apply data mining Technique, Five classification algorithms were used to build data they are (ZeroR, SMO, Naive Bayesian, J48 and Random Forest).The analysis implemented using WEKA (3.8.2) Data mining software tool. The information was collected from college of Information Engineering (COIE) In Al Nahrain University within the variety of form using "Referendum" to estimate the teacher performance; it was store in Excel file CSV format then regenerate to ARFF (Attribute Relation File Format). Many criteria like (Time taken to create models, accuracy and average error) was taken to evaluate the algorithms Random forest and , SMO Predicts higher than alternative algorithms ,since  their  accuracy is the highest and have lowest average error compared to others  ,"The teacher clarification and  wanting to be useful  to students " was the strongest attribute. Further removing the bad ranked attributes (10, 11, 12, and 14) that have a lower contact on dataset can increase accuracies of algorithms
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1029-1039
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Virtual inertia support for wind turbine system

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp629-636
Nor Shahida Hasan , Norzanah Rosmin , Nor Julia Mohd Nordin , Aede Hatib Mustaamal , Siti Maherah Husin , Aripriharta Aripriharta , Ira Devi Sara
Previously, a conventional synchronous generator is adapted into the wind energy conversion system to supply the required inertial support; however its slow behaviour may worsening the stability problem of the system during frequency event. In this paper, a new approach that enables virtual inertial support from supercapacitor during sudden load increase e.g. when wind turbine experiencing sudden wind or load changes is presented. Here, a new approach that can regulate the system frequency by controlling the charging and discharging process of supercapacitor is demonstrated. Hence, an algorithm on how to derive the behavior of supercapacitor and power converter is presented. From the simulation results, it has been found that this proposed approach successfully reduces the frequency nadir and ROCOF of the system frequency. It also able to avoid the second frequency dips during frequency recovery time.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 629-636
Publish at: 2020-02-01

I-OnAR: a rule-based machine learning approach for intelligent assessment in an online learning environment

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1021-1028
Shaiful Bakhtiar bin Rodzman , Nordin Abu Bakar , Yun-Huoy Choo , Syed Ahmad Aljunid , Normaly Kamal Ismail , Nurazzah Abd Rahman , Marshima Mohd Rosli
Intelligent systems are created to automate decision making process that is similar to human intelligence. Incorporating intelligent component has achieved promising results in many applications, including in education. Intelligence modules in a tutoring system would bring the application and its capability closer to a human's ability to serve its human users and to solve problems. However, the majority of the online learning provided in the literature review especially in Malaysia, normally only provide the lecture notes, assignments and tests and rarely suggest or give feedbacks on what the students should study or do next in order to fully understand the subjects. Hence, the researchers propose an online learning environment called Intelligent Online Assessment and Revision (I-OnAR). It facilitates the learning process at multiple learning phases such as test creation, materials revision, feedback for improvement and performance analysis. These components are incorporated into the tutoring system to assist self-pace learning at anytime and anywhere. The intelligent agent uses a Rule-based Machine Learning method for the adaptive capabilities such as automated test creation and feedbacks for improvement. The system has been tested on a group of students and found to be useful to support learning process. The results have shown that 60% of the subjects’ performance have improved with the help of the system. The students were given feedbacks on the topic they did poorly as well as how to improve their performance. This proves that the Intelligent Online Assessment and revision (I-OnAR) can be a useful tool to help online students intelligently, systematically and efficiently. For the future works, the researchers would like to apply the usage of other techniques such as Fuzzy Logic to strengthen the analysis and decision of the current system.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1021-1028
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Temperature distribution analysis of monocrystalline photovoltaic panel for Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) hybrid application

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp858-867
Ruzaimi A. , Shafie S. , W. Z. W. Hassan , N. Azis , M. Effendy Ya'acob , E. Elianddy
An experiment has been carried out to prove the practicality of converting the waste heat from PV panels into electrical energy by observing the temperature levels and distribution of a conventional monocrystalline silicon (Mono c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) panels for photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) hybrid application of a Hybrid Agrivoltaic (HAV) Greenhouse System project. From the observation, highest temperature of the PV backside panel surface reached 81.1°C during solar noon and expected to reach even higher during hot season. The highest power output from the 160 numbers TEG modules in series and parallel configuration were calculated to reach 119 Watt during that time at ΔT 56.1 °C. This output is expected to fluctuate over the weather temperature fluctuation throughout the day. Meanwhile, for the heat distribution, it is best to apply the TEG arrays with optimized PV angle setup, where the temperature seems to be distributed evenly at all time, to provide optimum heat source to the TEG modules. It was concluded that the excess heat from the bottom surface of PV panels can be utilize by converting the heat via temperature differential to harvest additional electrical energy by integrating TEG system, hence maximizing the potential of solar radiation capacity in generating clean renewable energy.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 858-867
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Rainfall-runoff modelling using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1117-1126
Nurul Najihah Che Razali , Ngahzaifa Ab. Ghani , Syifak Izhar Hisham , Shahreen Kasim , Nuryono Satya Widodo , Tole Sutikno
This paper discusses the working mechanism of ANFIS, the flow of research, the implementation and evaluation of ANFIS models, and discusses the pros and cons of each option of input parameters applied, in order to solve the problem of rainfall-runoff forecasting. The rainfall-runoff modelling considers time-series data of rainfall amount (in mm) and water discharge amount (in m3/s). For model parameters, the models apply three triangle membership functions for each input. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the data is measured using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Models with good performance in training have low values of RMSE. Hence, the 4-input model data is the best model to measure prediction accurately with the value of RMSE as 22.157. It is proven that ANFIS has the potential to be used for flood forecasting generally, or rainfall-runoff modelling specifically.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1117-1126
Publish at: 2020-02-01

JAVA and DART programming languages: conceptual comparison

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp845-849
Afaf Mirghani Hassan
This paper elaborates on the concepts of a new programming language “Dart”, which has been developed by Google and considered for future use. Here, we compare it to the most famous, real time, and updated language “Java”. This is to define similarities and differences between the two important languages, explain programs’ behavior, with a focus on investigating alternative implementation strategies and problem definitions. We used programming languages’ concepts and terminologies to compare between the main characteristics of the two languages, Dart & Java.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 845-849
Publish at: 2020-02-01

An enhanced kernel weighted collaborative recommended system to alleviate sparsity

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp447-454
S. Babeetha , B. Muruganantham , S.Ganesh Kumar , A. Murugan
User Reviews in the form of ratings giving an opportunity to judge the user interest on the available products and providing a chance to recommend new similar items to the customers. Personalized recommender techniques placing vital role in this grown ecommerce century to predict the users’ interest. Collaborative Filtering (CF) system is one of the widely used democratic recommender system where it completely rely on user ratings to provide recommendations for the users.  In this paper, an enhanced Collaborative Filtering system is proposed using Kernel Weighted K-means Clustering (KWKC) approach using Radial basis Functions (RBF) for eliminate the Sparsity problem where lack of rating is the challenge of providing the accurate recommendation to the user.  The proposed system having two phases of state transitions: Connected and Disconnected. During Connected state the form of transition will be ‘Recommended mode’ where the active user be given with the Predicted-recommended items. In Disconnected State the form of transition will be ‘Learning mode’ where the hybrid learning approach and user clusters will be used to define the similar user models. Disconnected State activities will be performed in hidden layer of RBF and Connected Sate activities will be performed in output Layer. Input Layer of RBF using original user Ratings. The proposed KWKC used to smoothen the sparse original rating matrix and define the similar user clusters. A benchmark comparative study also made with classical learning and prediction techniques in terms of accuracy and computational time. Experiential setup is made using MovieLens dataset.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 447-454
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Effect of combination of dye carotene and phycocyanin using daucus carota and spirulina sp. on optical sensor performance

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp907-913
Rahmadwati Rahmadwati , Luthfiyah Rachmawati , Panca Mudjirahardjo , Eka Maulana
This research designed optical sensors using mercury lamp of 160W. These sensors provided voltage and current output. The design of optical sensors used the organic based material,i.e. dye  carotene and phycocyanin. Fabrication of optical sensor in this research used spin coating deposition method. Based on the results of absorbance test, dye carotene had the largest absorption of light of 2.882 (a.u).  Dye phycocyanin at length had the largest absorption of light of 2.787 (a.u). Combination between dye carotene and phycocyanin, for a 3: 1 (Carotene: Phycocyanin) ratio had a waveform like a dye carotene with a peak of 2.587 (au), whereas for 1: 3 had a waveform like phycocyanin with a peak of 2,279 (au). But, sample 1: 1 ratio had decrement the light absorbance rate with peaks of 1.183 (au). At the voltage testing result, combination of phycocyanin: carotene (1:3) had the best linearity. The response time of dye 3:1 (phycocyanin: carotene), 1:1, 1:3, phycocyanin, and carotene were 6.72 s, 2.469s, 1.171s, 2.66s and 7.01s respectively. 
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 907-913
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Design of travel angle control of quanser bench-top helicopter using mamdani-based fuzzy logic controller

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp815-825
Hasmah Mansor , Mohamad K. Azmi Mat Esa , Teddy Surya Gunawan , Zuriati Janin
This research focuses on travel angle control of a laboratory scale bench-top helicopter developed by Quanser Inc.  Bench top-helicopter is usually used by engineers and researchers to test their designed controllers before applying to the actual helicopter. Bench-top helicopter has the same behavior as the real helicopter, with 3 degree of freedom.  The bench-top helicopter is mounted on a flat surface with two rotors that depends on the voltage supplied to change the direction of the helicopter in 3 different angles. The movement of the helicopter is based on the direction of three-different angles; travel, pitch and yaw angles. The existing Linear Quadratic Regulator-Integral controller used by Quanser Inc has some limitations in terms of tracking capability and settling time; therefore this research is proposed. The objective of this research is to develop Mamdani-based Fuzzy Logic Controller for travel angle control of bench-top helicopter. Performance comparison has been done with the existing Linear Quadratic Regulator-Integral controller in both simulation and hardware. From the test results, it was found that the performance of Fuzzy Logic Controller is better than LQR-I controller especially for closed-loop simulation at desired angle of 30°. The percentage of overshoot of the Fuzzy Logic Controller has been improved from the existing controller which is 4.912% compared to 7.002% for LQR-I.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 815-825
Publish at: 2020-02-01
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