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31,456 Article Results

Study on outage performance gap of two destinations on CR-NOMA network

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13271
Hong-Nhu; Saigon University Nguyen , Chi-Bao; Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City Le , Nhat-Tien; Saigon University Nguyen , Dinh-Thuan; Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City Do
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and cognitive radio (CR) are promising for solving the severe spectral scarcity problem encountered by the next generation of wireless communication systems. This study aims to improve spectral efficiency at two secondary destinations by investigating a CR-NOMA network under situation of the perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC). We also derive the exact outage probability for secondary users. Furthermore, an approximate computation method is applied to indicate more insights. It is confirmed that the performance achieved together with performance gap among two users can be obtained due to different power allocation factors assigned to users.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 191-198
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Design of a Matlab toolbox and GUI for minimal realizations

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp929-940
Karim Cherifi , Kamel Hariche
Minimal realization for linear systems has been studied extensively in the literature. Techniques proposed differ in terms of the configuration of the state space form, the time efficiency of the algorithm and the reduction of memory storage. The minimal realization toolbox presented in this paper offers the possibility to test different methods and choose the most suitable form depending on the application. The given system can be represented by a transfer function or by raw (frequency or time domain) data. A graphical user interface (GUI) was implemented in order to ease the use of this toolbox and allow to rapidly test the methods and display the results.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 929-940
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Salsa20 based lightweight security scheme for smart meter communication in smart grid

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.14798
S. M. Salim; The National University of Malaysia Reza , Md Murshedul; Bangladesh University of Professionals Arifeen , Sieh Kiong; Universiti Tenaga Nasional Tiong , Md; The National University of Malaysia Akhteruzzaman , Nowshad; Universiti Tenaga Nasional Amin , Mohammad; Universiti Tenaga Nasional Shakeri , Afida; The National University of Malaysia Ayob , Aini; The National University of Malaysia Hussain
The traditional power gird is altering dramatically to a smart power grid with the escalating development of information and communication technology (ICT). Among thousands of electronic devices connected to the grid through communication network, smart meter (SM) is the core networking device. The consolidation of ICT to the electronic devices centered on SM open loophole for the adversaries to launch cyber-attack. Therefore, for protecting the network from the adversaries it is required to design lightweight security mechanism for SM, as conventional cryptography schemes poses extensive computational cost, processing delay and overhead which is not suitable to be used in SM. In this paper, we have proposed a security mechanism consolidating elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) and Salsa20 stream cipher algorithm to ensure security of the network as well as addressing the problem of energy efficiency and lightweight security solution. We have numerically analyzed the performance of our proposed scheme in case of energy efficiency and processing time which reveals that the suggested mechanism is suitable to be used in SM as it consumes less power and requires less processing time to encrypt or decrypt.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 228-233
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Evaluation and calculations of modes resonant cantilever for laser optical fiber assembly

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp975-981
Mohanad H. Ali
Biosensors depend on cantilevers have developed a promising tool for detecting biomedical, optical laser communication and many fields of interactions with high accuracy. We modeled the operation of cantilevers with two magnetic and coil using Ansys program. This simulation technique can capably be used to select the appropriate design and dimensions of cantilever with the geometry of system. The primary main of the magnetic design is to improve the geometry of the coil and shape to yield a highly uniform for 3D of optical fiber includes Silica Glass and  Nickel cantilever, two magnets and one coil that apply to force on the cantilever cylinder is using as a cantilever in the designing of this case.In conclusion,resonant frequency(  tuning applying cantilivier presented in the resracher have larger variable range by using 2-magnets with the coil.However,the adjusting of the system and changing the deminsions.Resolutions to this problematic contain tuning the modes of resonant frequency to produce by cantilivier with  2-magnets and coil when the signal  pass from  laser source. Based on these simulations and characterization results, the proposed assembly can be a good applicant for evolving a low price, high material platform for many biological, laser optical fiber, communication, machine learning, biosensors and biomedical applications.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 975-981
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Peripheral interface controller-based maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic DC to DC boost controller

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12730
Z. A.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Ghani , E.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Onn , M. Y.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Zeain , Apriana; Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar (UKIP Makassar) Toding , F. A.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Azidin , H.; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Othman , Z.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Zakaria , H. S.; Universiti Malaysia Sabah Lago
A method of developing a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) utilizing a peripheral interface controller (PIC) is presented in this paper. The efficiency and adequacy of a PV depend on the temperature and the exposed position to the sun. Thus, there is an optimum point at which the operating power is at maximum. The goal is to operate the PV module at this point (MPP). It can be accomplished by using the MPPT algorithm designed with a DC-DC boost converter. The boost converter, MPPT circuit, PIC18F4550 microcontroller and PV panel are the main components used in this design. The current and voltage produced by the solar panel are observed continuously by a closed-loop control system. The microcontroller-based control system adjusts the duty cycle of the converter to extract the maximum power. With a DC input voltage of 15 V, the boost converter is capable of generating an output voltage of an approximately 60 Vdc at a maximum power of 213.42 W with minimum voltage ripple as compared to 84 W without the MPPT. It proved the effectiveness of the developed algorithm.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 240-250
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Unsteady state series CSTR modeling of removal of ammonia nitrogen from domestic wastewater treated in a vertical flow constructed wetland

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp868-880
Alejandro Rincón , Gloria Yaneth Florez , Fredy E. Hoyos Velasco
This work shows simulation results for subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) using a series CSTR model. The VFCW considered received the outflow from a domestic wastewater treatment plant. In addition, it was planted with Cyperus sp. and filter media was unsaturated. The model was based on an unsteady state mass balance for ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates, using one to three series CSTRs. Nitrogen transformation mechanisms considered were ammonification, nitrification, plant uptake and denitrification. The following effects were evaluated: the number of reacting CSTRs from one to three; the occurrence of the reaction in second and third CSTRs for the case that three CSTRs hold; the use of either equal or different values of reaction rate parameters between CSTRs; and the discretization of the reaction rate parameters. The inflow and outflow measurements of ammonium, nitrites, and nitrates were used for model calibration. The estimated parameters included the reaction rate coefficients and reactor water volume. The coefficient of determination (R2) evidenced a satisfactory capability of simulating outlet pollutant concentrations. Two and three reacting CSTRs achieved similar R2 value (0.54-0.55), whereas one reacting CSTR achieved an R2 of 0.39, and three CSTRs with reaction only in the first tank achieved an R2 of 0.42. Discretization of the nitrification rate for the case of two reacting CSTRs led to an R2 of 0.94. The parameter sensitivity analysis revealed a significant effect of model parameters on the R2 value.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 868-880
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Image processing based foot plantar pressure distribution analysis and modeling

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp594-605
Ali Hussein Sabry , W. Z. Wan Hasan , Mohd Nazim Mohtar , Raja Mohd Kamil Raja Ahmad , Hafiz Rashidi Ramli , S. P. Ang , Zainidi Haji Abdul Hamid
Although many equipments and techniques are available for plantar pressure analysis to study foot pressure distributions, there is still a need for mathematical modelling references to compare the acquired measurements. In order to derive formulas in this concern, this research proposes a measurement-based method which adopts the reference measured parameters such as; the weight of a subject, contact-area size, age, and the pressure level distribution over a plantar image captured by the EMED plantar pressure system. The proposed analysis and algorithm were verified by a group 79 volunteers through data collection with four various measurement conditions. Three mathematical modelling equations have been proposed that describe the relationships between the foot plantar pressure levels and the subject’s body mass, foot size, and age. The modelling of foot plantar pressure could be useful for various applications such as gait analysis, hospitals, clinics, custom shoe making, and early detection of ulceration in the case of diabetic patients.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 594-605
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Study on the effect of the substrate material type and thickness on the performance of the filtering antenna design

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13189
Mohammed K.; Southern Technical University Alkhafaji , Hana’a A.; Southern Technical University Alhamadani , Yasir I. A.; University of Bradford Al-Yasir , Ameer L.; University of Misan Saleh , Naser Ojaroudi; University of Bradford Parchin , Raed A.; University of Bradford Abd-Alhameed
This article presents a new design of a four-pole microstrip filtering antenna. The filtering antenna consists of a bandpass filter, which has four resonators integrated to a monopole patch antenna. The filtering antenna is designed with a relatively high bandwidth of about 1.22 GHz to satisfy a high-speed data transmission. Three types of dielectric substrate materials were used for the design of the filtering antenna, which is RT/Duroid 5880, RO3003, and FR-4. The simulation results of the filtering antenna design, which are established on the three different dielectric substrate materials, are done by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Comparison results of the filtering antenna that is established on the three different dielectric substrate materials are done at a fixed substrate height and different substrate heights. The filtering antenna is designed at a center frequency f0 = 2.412 GHz, which is suitable for WLAN applications.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 72-79
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp900-907
Muhamed K. Husein
In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 900-907
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Line balancing using heuristic procedure and simulation of assembly line

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp774-782
Mohammad Huskhazrin Kharuddin , Mohammad Fadzli Ramli , Muhamad Hafiz Masran
The assembly line is widely known because the use of it in manufacturing to process raw material into a complete product. There are many discussions and researches have been done in this field and the assembly line balancing problem is one of the topics that attract the interest of many researchers. The technique that frequently uses to solve assembly line balancing is a heuristic procedure. In this paper, a case study about the production of the power converter is studied. The assembly line of the power converter consists of 27 major tasks and 19 workstations. The existing heuristics procedures and a proposed heuristic procedure are used to solve the line balancing problem. After that, simulation is used to obtain the results and by comparing the results for each procedure, the most suitable procedure that should be used to solve the problem is selected.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 774-782
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Deep learning model for thorax diseases detection

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12997
Ghada A.; Mustansiriyah University Shadeed , Mohammed; Mustansiriyah University A. Tawfeeq , Sawsan; Mustansiriyah University M. Mahmoud
Despite the availability of radiology devices in some health care centers, thorax diseases are considered as one of the most common health problems, especially in rural areas. By exploiting the power of the Internet of things and specific platforms to analyze a large volume of medical data, the health of a patient could be improved earlier. In this paper, the proposed model  is based on pre-trained ResNet-50  for diagnosing thorax diseases. Chest x-ray images are cropped to extract the rib cage part from the chest radiographs. ResNet-50 was re-train on Chest x-ray14 dataset where a chest radiograph images are inserted into the model to determine if the person is healthy or not. In the case of an unhealthy patient, the model can classify the disease into one of the fourteen chest diseases. The results show the ability of ResNet-50 in achieving impressive performance in classifying thorax diseases.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 441-449
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Review on controller design in pneumatic actuator drive system

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12626
Syamiza; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Jamian , S. N. S.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Salim , M. N.; Universisti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Kamarudin , M.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Zainon , M. S.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Syed Mohamed , L.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Abdullah , M. A. M.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Hanafiah
A pneumatic actuator is a device that converts compressed air into mechanical energy to perform varieties of work. It exhibits high nonlinearities due to high friction forces, compressibility of air and dead band of the spool movement which is difficult to manage and requires an appropriate controller for better performance. The purpose of this study is to review the controller design of pneumatic actuator recommended by previous researchers from the past years. Initially, the basic views of the pneumatic will be presented in terms of introduction to the pneumatic actuator and its applications in industries. At the end of this review, discussions on the design of the controllers will be concluded and further research will be proposed along with the improvement of control strategies in the pneumatic actuator systems.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 332-342
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Type 1 versus type 2 fuzzy logic speed controllers for brushless dc motors

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp265-274
Hayder Yousif Abed , Abdulrahim Thiab Humod , Amjad J. Humaidi
This work presented two fuzzy logic (FL) schemes for speed-controlled brushless DC motors. The first controller is a Type 1 FL controller (T1FLC), whereas the second controller is an interval Type 2 FL controller (IT2FLC). The two proposed controllers were compared in terms of system dynamics and performance. For a fair comparison, the same type and number of membership functions were used for both controllers. The effectiveness of the structures of the two FL controllers was verified through simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Simulation result showed that IT2FLC exhibited better performance than T1FLC.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 265-274
Publish at: 2020-02-01

i-Eclat: performance enhancement of eclat via incremental approach in frequent itemset mining

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13497
Wan Aezwani; Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Wan Abu Bakar , Mustafa; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Man , Mahadi; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Man , Zailani; Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Abdullah
One example of the state-of-the-art vertical rule mining technique is called equivalence class transformation (Eclat) algorithm. Neither horizontal nor vertical data format, both are still suffering from the huge memory consumption. In response to the promising results of mining in a higher volume of data from a vertical format, and taking consideration of dynamic transaction of data in a database, the research proposes a performance enhancement of Eclat algorithm that relies on incremental approach called an Incremental-Eclat (i-Eclat) algorithm. Motivated from the fast intersection in Eclat, this algorithm of performance enhancement adopts via my structured query language (MySQL) database management system (DBMS) as its platform. It serves as the association rule mining database engine in testing benchmark frequent itemset mining (FIMI) datasets from online repository. The MySQL DBMS is chosen in order to reduce the preprocessing stages of datasets. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional Eclat with 17% both in chess and T10I4D100K, 69% in mushroom, 5% and 8% in pumsb_star and retail datasets. Thus, among five (5) dense and sparse datasets, the average performance of i-Eclat is concluded to be 23% better than Eclat.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 562-570
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Negative resistance amplifier circuit using GaAsFET modelled single MESFET

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.10120
Olasunkanmi; Covenant University Ojewande , Charles; Covenant University Ndujiuba , Adebiyi A.; Covenant University Adelakun , Segun I.; Covenant University Popoola , Aderemi A.; Covenant University Atayero
Negative resistance devices have attracted much attention in the wireless communication industry because of their low cost, better performance, high speed, and reduced power requirements. Although negative resistance circuits are non-linear circuits, they are associated with distortion, which may either be amplitude-to-amplitude distortion or amplitude-to-phase distortion. In this paper, a unique way of realizing a negative resistance amplifier is proposed using a single metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET). Intermodulation distortion test (IMD) is performed to evaluate the characteristic response of the negative resistance circuit amplifier to different bias voltages using the harmonic balance (HB) of the advanced designed software (ADS 2016). The results obtained are compared to those of a conventional distributed amplifier. The findings of this study showed that the negative resistance amplifier spreads over a wider frequency output with reduced power requirements while the conventional distributed amplifier has a direct current (DC) offset with output voltage of 32.34 dBm.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 179-190
Publish at: 2020-02-01
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