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31,377 Article Results

Students’ attitude towards natural sciences

10.11591/ijere.v8i3.16395
Dwi Agus Kurniawan , Astalini Astalini , Darmaji Darmaji , Ririn Melsayanti
The purpose of research was to investigate students’ attitudes towards natural science in Muaro Jambi, Indonesia. The attitude of the students studied was represented by three indicators, namely the attitude towards the investigation in the Natural Sciences, the adoption of a scientific attitude, and a career interest in the science field. The research was a survey research. The instruments in this study were attitude questionnaires and interview sheets. Data analysis techniques for attitude questionnaires used descriptive statistics while for analyzing interview data using the Miles and Huberman model.The study found students’ good attitudes towards natural science subjects.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 455-460
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Power flow variation based on extreme learning machine algorithm in power system

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1244-1254
Labed Imen , Labed Djamel
The main focus of this paper is a study that empowers us to understand how the temperature variation affects the transmission line resistance and as a result the power flow analysis with a specific end goal to assess losses in the electrical network. The paper is composed of two sections; the first part is a power flow study under normal conditions utilizing the neural network approach while the second investigated extreme learning machine algorithm efficiency and exactitude. Extreme learning machine algorithm has been used to settle several complications in power system: load forecasting, fault diagnosis, economic dispatch, security, transient stability; Thus, we proposed to study this technique to figure out this sort of complex issue.The study was conducted for IEEE 30 bus test system. The simulation results are exposed and analyzed in detail at the end of this paper.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1244-1254
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Using problem-based learning in college: Mastery concepts subject statistical sesearch and motivation

10.11591/ijere.v8i3.20243
Ediansyah Ediansyah , Dwi Agus Kurniawan , Rahmat Perdana , Salamah Salamah
Based on the problems obtained, the ability of students to master the subjects of research statistics is still categorized as low until this causes them to be weak in completing their final assignments. Therefore, the researchers investigated how students' mastery of the research statistical concepts and their learning motivation using learning innovations, one of which was Problem Based Learning (PBL). This research was conducted at the Islamic Education School (PGMI) Islamic State Teacher Education Institute (IAIN) Bengkulu where the sample used was semester 8th students. The research method was quantitative with a sample of 145. The research instrument was using a motivation questionnaire and multiple choice questions. The results will then be analyzed using simple regression analysis which will be presented in the form of a data table.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 446-454
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Development of PV array configuration under different partial shading condition

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1263-1269
Mohammad Syahir Bin Ishak , Rahmatul Hidayah Salimin , Ismail Musirin , Zulkiffli Abdul Hamid
This paper investigates the performances of different photovoltaic (PV) array under several shading condition. Four types of photovoltaic array configuration scheme which are ‘Series’ (S), Series-Parallel’ (SP), Total-Cross-Tied’ (TCT), and ‘Bridge-Link’ (BL) array topologies were tested by applying a 6x6 PV array under 6 different shading scenarios. The modeling is developed using Matlab/Simulink. The performances and output characteristics of photovoltaic array are compared and analyzed. System engineer can use the detailed characteristics of different array configuration to approximate the outcome power and pick the best configuration of the system by concerning the current natural condition to enhance the overall efficiency.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1263-1269
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Assessing SB effort via a non-invasive model-based method in mechanically ventilated patients in Malaysian ICU hospital

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1232-1240
Nor Salwa Damanhuri , Noor Najwa Noor Ariffin , Nor Azlan Othman , Yeong Shiong Chiew , Azrina Md Ralib , Mohd Basri Mat Noor , Paul D. Docherty , J. Geoffrey Chase
Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) required mechanical ventilation (MV) for breathing support. However, some MV patients encountered spontaneous breathing (SB) efforts while fully sedated which can obscure the true underlying respiratory mechanics of these patients. Thus, a model-based method is required to reconstruct the missing pressure and calculate the breathing effort that produced by the patients without additional clinical protocols or invasive procedure. In this paper, results of spontaneous breathing effort in Malaysian critically-ill patients adopting the developed pressure reconstruction model are presented. By using the pressure reconstruction model, the SB affected pressure waveform is reconstructed to approximate true respiratory mechanics and quantifies the SB effort. The SB breathing efforts were computed and compared with the results from Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand. The substitute measure of SB effort can be indicated from the difference between the reconstructed and unreconstructed pressure. Results shows that all patients from both cohorts exhibited SB effort with the highest SB effort at 11.48% for Malaysian patient and 21.07% for Christchurch patient. Overall, the well-developed non-invasive pressure reconstruction method is able to measure the SB effort produced by Malaysian MV patients that help the clinicians in selecting the optimal MV setting. This first non-invasive guidance in selecting the optimal setting of MV in Malaysia is potentially reduced the ICU cost and improve the MV management in Malaysian hospital.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1232-1240
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Image and audio fractal compression: comprehensive review, enhancements and research directions

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1564-1570
Ahmed Huaasin Ali , Ali Nihad Abbas , Loay Edwar George , Mohd Rosmadi Mokhtar
This study aims to review the recent techniques in digital multimedia compression with respect to fractal coding techniques. It covers the proposed fractal coding methods in audio and image domain and the techniques that were used for accelerating the encoding time process which is considered the main challenge in fractal compression. This study also presents the trends of the researcher's interests in applying fractal coding in image domain in comparison to the audio domain. This review opens directions for further researches in the area of fractal coding in audio compression and removes the obstacles that face its implementation in order to compare fractal audio with the renowned audio compression techniques.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1564-1570
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Comparative study between the NLPI controller and the CPI controller

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1178-1186
Mohammed Touhami , Pierre Sicard , Abdeljebar Hazzab , Fouad Mokhtari
Unquestionably, the classic CPI controller dominates the industry and has the advantage of being simple and easy to implement. because its setting remains intuitive and more practical. On the other hand, these disadvantages lie in the fact that most of them reach a compromise in terms of speed of response and stability. Even worse, such an approach becomes insufficient at the increasingly demanding speeds demanded by the industry. in this context the NLPI controller is currently presented as an alternative. With its simple tuning method and robustness to process parameter variations, it stands out as a valuable addition to the toolbox of control engineering specialists. This paper aims to provide a simulation-based study using a MAS controlled by IFOC, comparing the PI controller system to the NLPI controller system. The results will be in favor of the last one.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1178-1186
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Thermal oxidation improvement in semiconductor wafer fabrication

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1141-1147
Christopher Julian Mahandran , Abdul Yasser Abd Fatah , Nurul Aini Bani , Hazilah Mad Kaidi , Mohd Nabil Bin Muhtazaruddin , Mohd Effendi Amran
Thermal oxidation is a process done to grow a layer of oxide on the surface of a silicon wafer at elevated temperatures to form silicon dioxide. Usually, it en- counters instability in oxide growth and results in variation in the oxide thickness formed.  This leads to downtime of furnace and wafer scrap.  This study focuses on the factors leading to this phenomenon and finding the optimum settings of these factors. The factors that cause instability to oxide thickness were narrowed down to location of wafer in furnace, oxidation time, gas flow rate and temperature. Characterization and optimization were done using Design of Experiments. Full factorial design was implemented using 4 factors and 2 levels, resulting in 16 runs. Data analysis was done using Multiple Regression Analysis in JMP software. Actual versus predicted plot is examined to determine whether the model fit is significant. Adjusted R2 value was obtained at 99.8% or 0.998 indicating that there is very minimal variation of the data not explained by the model and thus confirming that the model is good. From the effect test, the factors were narrowed down from 4 factors to 3 factors. Location factor was found to have no impact. Significant factors that have impact are gas flow rate, oxidation time and temperature. Analyzing the leverage plots and least square mean plots, temperature was found to have the highest impact on oxide thickness. The model was further analyzed using prediction profiler in JMP to find the optimum settings for thermal oxidation process to meet the target oxide thickness of 8000A. Optimum setting for temperature was found to be at 958 C, gas flow rate at low flow rate (H2:6.5 slm and O2:4.5 slm), oxidation time at 280 min and location of wafers at both zone 1 and zone 2.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1141-1147
Publish at: 2019-09-01

A comparative study of cascade H-bridge multilevel voltage source inverter and parallel inductor multilevel current source inverter

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1355-1363
Nik Fasdi Nik Ismail , Norazlan Hashim , Dalina Johari
This paper presents the analysis study between multilevel inverters that are often classified into multilevel voltage source and multilevel current source inverters.  For multilevel voltage source inverter (MVSI), the specific topology studied for this work is the Cascaded H-Bridge MVSI.  Whereas, the multilevel current source inverter (MCSI) is based on Paralleled Inductor Configuration MCSI.  For this study, the analysis between these converters are done with respect to the number of components, the advantages and disadvantages of each converters during performing inverter operation. In term of output voltage and current quality, the percentage of the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) are measured and compared for both topologies.  MATLAB/Simulink software has been used in this research to design and simulate in order to study the performances of both inverters.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1355-1363
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Design of POD controller using linear quadratic regulator tecniques for SMIB power system stability enhancement installed with UPFC

10.11591/ijra.v8i3.pp164-173
Brijesh Kumar Dubey , N. K. Singh
In the field of the power system stability, this paper presents the current research status and developments. This paper presents a systematic approach for designing Power Oscillation Damping Controller (POD) based Linear Quadratic Regulator Techniques for SMIB power system stability installed with UPFC to damp out low frequency oscillations in a power system. The impacts of control strategy on power system single machine infinite bus installed with UPFC, without UPFC and with UPFC and POD controller at different operating conditions are discussed. The accuracy of the developed models is verified through comparing the study results with those obtained from detailed MATLAB programming.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 164-173
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Risky teenager behavior in a vocational high school

10.11591/ijere.v8i3.20241
Suci Musvita Ayu , Marsiana Wibowo , Liena Sofiana
Adolescence is a very complex period. Various teen problems haunt when they grow up to become adults. The same teenagers successfully face the challenges of their development so that they are free from a variety of risky behaviors. However, some of them also smoke, consume alcohol, have free sex, commit violence, and use drugs. This research is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach in which researchers explore and try some risky behaviors in health and factors that influence and how adolescents in vocational high schools end up committing some risky behavior. The results of the study show that teens who do not have risky behavior and who do have some risk behaviors have different understandings related to the impact of these behaviors. People around teenagers influence how teenagers will behave. These influential people can cause teenagers to take risky behavior, such as family problems, get bad examples from parents, family members, peers, and idols. Factors that influence adolescents to end up committing risky behavior are the understanding of the negative effects of risk behavior. The various causes of influential people include parents, peers, religious leaders, idols, perceived benefits, self-control, and intention. The internal and external factors of adolescents determine whether the teenager will do or not risky behavior. Strong collaboration between internal and external factors shapes behavior which is not risky in adolescents, and vice versa.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 470-475
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Novel algorithms for protective digital privacy

10.11591/ijra.v8i3.pp184-188
Y. N. Prajapati , M. K. Srivastava
Video is the recording, reproducing, or broadcasting of moving visual images. Visual multimedia source that combines a sequence of images to form a moving picture. The video transmits a signal to a screen and processes the order in which the screen captures should be shown. Videos usually have audio components that correspond with the pictures being shown on the screen. Video compression technologies are about reducing and removing redundant video data so that a digital video file can be effectively sent over a network and stored on computer disks. With efficient compression techniques, a significant reduction in file size can be achieved with little or no adverse effect on the visual quality. The video quality, however, can be affected if the file size is further lowered by raising the compression level for a given compression technique. Security is about the protection of assets. Security, in information technology (IT), is the defense of digital information and IT assets against internal and external, malicious and accidental threats. This defense includes detection, prevention and response to threats through the use of security policies, software tools and IT services. Security refers to protective digital privacy measures that are applied to prevent unauthorized access to computers, databases and websites. Cryptography is closely related to the disciplines of cryptology and cryptanalysis. Cryptography includes techniques such as microdots, merging words with images, and other ways to hide information in storage or transit. However, in today's computer-centric world, cryptography is most often associated with scrambling plaintext (ordinary text, sometimes referred to as clear text into cipher text (a process called encryption), then back again (known as decryption). Cryptography is evergreen and developments. Cryptography protects users by providing functionality for the encryption of data and authentication of other users. Compression is the process of reducing the number of bits or bytes needed to represent a given set of data. It allows saving more data. The project aims to implement security algorithm for data security. The data will be first encrypted using security techniques and that are done at the same time then it takes less processing time and more speed compression techniques will applied. If encryption and compression are done at the same time then it takes less processing time and more speed.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 184-188
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Optimization and comparative analysis of PID and FOPID controller for BLDC motor

10.11591/ijra.v8i3.pp174-183
P. Vimala , C. R. Balamurugan , A. Subramanian , T. Vishwanath
The FOPID and PID controller are designed to control the speed of the BLDC motor. The parameters , , , λ and µ of these controller are optimized based on genetic algorithm. The optimized coefficients keep in track with zero error signals. The output of the controller is given to the variable dc source which varies the input voltage to the three phase inverter depending on the input signal. The three phase inverter gives the voltage to the BLDC motor which enhances the stability of the system. The effectiveness of the controller is demonstrated by simulation.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 174-183
Publish at: 2019-09-01

A review on data clustering using spiking neural network (SNN) models

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1392-1400
Siti Aisyah Mohamed , Muhaini Othman , Mohd Hafizul Afifi
The evolution of Artificial Neural Network recently gives researchers an interest to explore deep learning evolved by Spiking Neural Network clustering methods. Spiking Neural Network (SNN) models captured neuronal behaviour more precisely than a traditional neural network as it contains the theory of time into their functioning model [1]. The aim of this paper is to reviewed studies that are related to clustering problems employing Spiking Neural Networks models. Even though there are many algorithms used to solve clustering problems, most of the methods are only suitable for static data and fixed windows of time series. Hence, there is a need to analyse complex data type, the potential for improvement is encouraged. Therefore, this paper summarized the significant result obtains by implying SNN models in different clustering approach. Thus, the findings of this paper could demonstrate the purpose of clustering method using SNN for the fellow researchers from various disciplines to discover and understand complex data.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1392-1400
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Artificial pancreas techniques based on robust model predictive controller

10.11591/ijra.v8i3.pp189-193
Waleed Khalid Al-Azzawi
Diabetes is known as the major cause of death in the world leading to kidney, retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases as well. In this paper, a Robust Model Predictive Controller (RMPC) is introduced to design artificial pancreas that solved the model uncertainty and keep the blood glucose level in the normal range by regulating the size of insulin infusion from pump based on RMPC. The simulation results will present a good performance of the proposed controller to avoid disturbance and robustness against uncertainties.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 189-193
Publish at: 2019-09-01
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