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31,377 Article Results

A computerized adaptive test for measuring the physics critical thinking skills in high school students

10.11591/ijere.v8i3.19642
Aang Zainul Abidin , Edi Istiyono , Nunung Fadilah , Wipsar Sunu Brams Dwandaru
Classical assessments that are not comprehensive and do not distinguish students' initial abilities make measurement results far from the actual abilities. This study was conducted to produce a computerized adaptive test for physics critical thinking skills (CAT-PhysCriTS) that met the feasibility criteria. The test was presented for the physics subject of 11th grade high school students with two-tier multiple-choice format. This development research was based on the 4-D model combined with the test development model by Oriondo & Antonio. Eleven experts and 577 11th grade high school students in Kulonprogo, Indonesia, have participated. The media feasibility and the content validity of the items was assessed by experts, while item and abilities parameters were estimated by item response theory. The results obtained: 1) CAT media was declared very feasible and content validity of 136 items was declared valid; 2) all items fitted to partial credit model, the item reliability was classified as good, and the difficulty index of items was good; 3) the results of the CAT-PhysCriTS were equivalent to students academic achievement. Based on the results, CAT-PhysCriTS has fulfilled the requirements as a measuring instrument with measurement times were faster and more comprehensive for large-scale assessments.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 376-383
Publish at: 2019-09-01

A review on data clustering using spiking neural network (SNN) models

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1392-1400
Siti Aisyah Mohamed , Muhaini Othman , Mohd Hafizul Afifi
The evolution of Artificial Neural Network recently gives researchers an interest to explore deep learning evolved by Spiking Neural Network clustering methods. Spiking Neural Network (SNN) models captured neuronal behaviour more precisely than a traditional neural network as it contains the theory of time into their functioning model [1]. The aim of this paper is to reviewed studies that are related to clustering problems employing Spiking Neural Networks models. Even though there are many algorithms used to solve clustering problems, most of the methods are only suitable for static data and fixed windows of time series. Hence, there is a need to analyse complex data type, the potential for improvement is encouraged. Therefore, this paper summarized the significant result obtains by implying SNN models in different clustering approach. Thus, the findings of this paper could demonstrate the purpose of clustering method using SNN for the fellow researchers from various disciplines to discover and understand complex data.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1392-1400
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Wideband frequency reconfigurable metamaterial antenna employing SRR and CSRR for WLAN application

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1436-1442
Adamu Y. Iliyasu , Mohamad Rijal Bin Hamid , Mohamad Kamal A Rahim , Mohd Fairus Bin Mohd Yusoff
This paper presents the design of Wideband Frequency Reconfigurable Metamaterial Antenna by Employing Split Ring Resonator (SRR) and Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) for Wireles Area Network (WLAN) Apllication. The design is based on reconfiguring wideband metamaterial antenna by applying frequency reconfiguration technique. This was achieved by employing SRR and CSRR for bandwidth enhacement and two PIN Diode switches at different position for reconfiguration. The antenna has electrical dimention of    at 2.4 GHz. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Software was used to determine the effectiveness of the technique. This design has several advantages like wider bandwidth which cover 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz WLAN bands, with three different single bands. From the simulation results, it was found that, the antenna has a bandwidth which covered 2.4 to 5.6 GHz, single bands at 2.5 GHz, 3.0 GHz and 3.5 GHz, with realized peak gain of 2.24 dBi and 3.9 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz respectively and average efficiency of 96%. The antenna can be used for wireless application and cognitive radio application.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1436-1442
Publish at: 2019-09-01

An efficient Mppt approach of PV systems: incremental conduction pathway

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1189-1196
Murari Lal Azad , Pradip Kumar Sadhu , P Arvind , Anagh Gupta , Tuhin Bandyopadhyay , Soumya Das , Sabyasachi Samanta
Distributed Generation source have wide application due to their phenomenal advantages. These sources include Photovoltaic (PV) cells producing DC voltage at their output that connects the network through a power electronic interface. PV characteristics, on the other hand, illustrate the fact that maximum power can be extracted at the optimal operating point depending upon the solar radiation and ambient temperature. In order to keep   the PV module at its optimal operating point, a DC-DC converter is often used between a PV module and inverter. Consequently, Maximum power point trackers (MPPT) grab the foremost position in the efficiency analysis of the global PV system. Among the several MPPT algorithms, Incremental Conduction technique isemphasised upon as it is extremely simple in implementation within electronic programmable circuits. This paper incorporates the MPPT model using a PV module that always works in its optimal operating point. Design and experimental results of a small prototype of MPPT is presented here based on the Simulink model to verify the advantages of proposed integrated system.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1189-1196
Publish at: 2019-09-01

What is critical thinking? A longitudinal study with teacher candidates

10.11591/ijere.v8i3.20254
Serap Yılmaz Özelçi , Gürbüz Çalışkan
Critical thinking skills that enhance the ability of individuals to understand and make sense of the world and events and situations around them are one of the foremost research areas in the educational system of various countries. As a critical thinking individual, decisions made by the teacher in his/her class, the activities he/she has performed and the explicit and implicit messages given by him/her to the class are clearly observed by the students. It is believed that the situation of teachers’ having critical thinking skills and critical thinking personality effects on students' perceptions and achievements about critical thinking. In this context, the aim of the research is to determine the perceptions of the teacher candidates about critical thinking and to observe the changes in these perceptions over time. Interviews were held with 11 prospective teachers for two times for 4 years and their thoughts on critical thinking were examined. According to the findings obtained, the thoughts of the teacher candidates regarding the critical thinking do not change over time but they are not seen enough. Teacher candidates make decisions with emotional references and they are reluctant to inquire and research.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 495-509
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Bat algorithm and k-means techniques for classification performance improvement

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1411-1418
Rozlini Mohamed , Munirah Mohd Yusof , Noorhaniza Wahid , Norhanifah Murli , Muhaini Othman
This paper presents Bat Algorithm and K-Means techniques for classification performance improvement. The objective of this study is to investigate efficiency of Bat Algorithm in discrete dataset and to find the optimum feature in discrete dataset. In this study, one technique that comprise the discretization technique and feature selection technique have been proposed. Our contribution is in two process of classification: pre-processing and feature selection process. First, to proposed discretization techniques called as BkMD, where we hybrid Bat Algorithm technique and K-Means classifier. Second, to proposed BkMDFS as feature selection technique where Bat Algorithm is embed into BkMD. In order to evaluate our proposed techniques, 14 continuous dataset from various applications are used in experiment. From the experiment, results show that BkMDFS outperforms in most performance measures. Hence it shows that, Bat Algorithm have potential to be one of the discretization technique and feature selection technique.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1411-1418
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Remote tending of modern broadcast transmitters

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1491-1500
Gerino Mappatao , Isaiah Mari Zebedia Bautista , Marc Kevin Orsos , Mark Aldrine Ribo , Joseph Castillo
Once broadcast transmitters are put into operation, regulatory bodies in different countries require the equipment to be monitored, data logged and controlled. Normally, transmitter personnel turn ON the transmitter at the start of the broadcasting activities, and turn it OFF at the end of the activities. They also regularly record the transmitter meter readings on output power, voltage and current as long as the transmitter is on-air. These data must be logged and saved for future references. These procedures are done by transmitter personnel manually. With the advent of internet technology, this paper presents a system to remotely monitor, gather and record meter readings, and a provision to control the turning ON/OFF as well as to adjust the output power of a number of digital transmitters. All these procedures are done in one central location. The system was implemented and then tested using a digital television transmitter. Results of the tests show that the developed system capable of performing the functions of a transmitter technician in monitoring, logging and control of broadcast transmitters remotely. With the use of the system, broadcast networks can reduce operating costs in tending their transmitters but still able to comply with the requirements.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1491-1500
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Microstrip antenna design with partial ground at frequencies above 20 GHz for 5G telecommunication systems

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1466-1473
Muhammad Afiq Abdul Aziz , Norhudah Seman , Tien Han Chua
This article presents the design of a microstrip patch antenna at different frequencies above 20 GHz that intended to be used for fifth generation (5G) telecommunication system. The design of microstrip patch antenna that has a radiating element with a rectangular shape and partial ground plane is proposed. The patch antenna is designed using a Rogers RT5880 substrate with dielectric constant, εr of 2.2. The results of the designed antenna design analyzed in terms of the reflection coefficient, bandwidth, gain, and directivity performance. The proposed patch antennas at design frequencies of 25.875 GHz, 38.75 GHz, 43 GHz, 46.25 GHz, 48.7 GHz, 51.5 GHz, 71 GHz, and 83.5 GHz have a fractional bandwidth, gain and directivity that respectively greater than 10.2 %, 2.159 dB and 2.562 dBi. All designs and analysis are performed by using the CST Microwave Studio software.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1466-1473
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Detection of foreign objects in milk using an ultrasonic system

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1241-1249
Mohd Taufiq Mohd Khairi , Sallehuddin Ibrahim , Mohd Amri Md Yunus , Ahmad Ridhwan Wahap
This paper presents the utilization of an ultrasonic sensing system to detect foreign objects in milk. The advantage of an ultrasonic system is that it is low cost and it can detect a wide range of materials. A foreign body is any contaminated object found in food. Because of the scale of multifarious food processing levels and distribution, the utilization of the food product are sometimes difficult to control, which will inevitably lead to some complaints by consumers. Milk is widely consumed in the world as it is considered as a healthy drink due to it is high nutrients levels. However, from time to time cases of milk contamination are reported. In this paper. the relationship between the foreign bodies in terms of their dimensions and the resultant amplitude are presented. Mathematical modelling were carried out based on two ultrasonic parameters i.e. acoustic impedance and wave amplitude utilizing several types of foreign bodies with different dimensions. Three types of foreign bodies which are steel, rubber and air were investigated to determine the voltage amplitude detected by the ultrasonic receiver when the foreign bodies obstructed the ultrasonic wave propagation path. The diameters of foreign bodies were in the range from 4 mm to 11 mm. The results showed good correlations between the receiver voltage and the size of foreign bodies with correlation coefficients greater than 0.95. Each foreign body also demonstrated different voltage amplitudes when several sizes of the foreign bodies were tested which showed the ability of the system to distinguish the size of each foreign body.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1241-1249
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Intelligent risk management framework

10.11591/ijai.v8.i3.pp278-285
Wissam Abbass , Zineb Bakraouy , Amine Baina , Mostafa Bellafkih
The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly increasing and enhancing today’s world by introducing a large set of interconnected devices. Several beneficial services are produced by these devices as for area monitoring and process control. However, IoT security is still a major problem. In fact, IoT’ security beggings largely whith an effective Risk Management process. However, the essense of this process is to acquire a risk inventory cibling the IoT devices. Nevertheless, it is quite difficult to obtaining this latter which significantly adds complication issues to the Risk Management. Without the ability of holisticly identify the IoT critical devices, inaccurate Risk Management is achieved which leads unfortunately to novel risk exposures. Traditional Riskbased approaches fails drastically at apprending IoT’ potential attacks. The dynamic structure, the heteregouns nature of devices, the various security objectives and infrastructure pervasiveness are key factors impacting the overall perfomance. Thus, a holistic Risk Management witihin the IoT is indispensable. Accordingly, we propose an intelligent Risk Management framework using Mobile Agents in order to deliver preventive and responsive assessment.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 278-285
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Solenoid actuated Five-fingered robotic hand design: evaluating the capability of solenoid actuators in generating basic finger motions

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1273-1281
Syed Zainal Abidin Syed Kamarul Bahrin , Khairul Salleh Mohamed Sahari
There are numerous robotic hand designs but the five-fingered robotic hand design is the most dexterous robotic hand design due to its similar appearance and motions with the human hands. The fingers' motions are commonly driven by geared motors or other types of emerging technologies. However, the motions are yet to be driven directly by solenoid actuators due to its limited stroke length and also general perceptions of its applications as an actuator. Nevertheless, solenoid actuators are known for their fast reaction time and strong holding force which are useful to generate fast motions and strong grasping actions. To realise this concept, previous research and developments had been done by the authors but the outcome was not convincing enough due to the absence of a working prototype. Therefore, this paper introduced a new solenoid actuated robotic hand design and its prototype. The prototype was then tested and evaluated in accordance to the operational concept where the findings showed that the solenoid actuators were capable of generating basic finger motions.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1273-1281
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Rain attenuation in broadband satellite service and worst month analysis

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1443-1451
Idrissa Abubakar , Jafri Bin Din , Lam Hong Yin , Manhal Alhilali
Satellite link design, link margin and services at lower bands of satellite spectrum has been facing the challenges of meeting the demands for higher bandwidth requirements. Satellite operators and service providers are been compelled to migrate to the use of higher frequencies above 10 GHz. These higher frequencies were discovered to be vulnerable to atmospheric degradation creating the challenge of service availability especially for tropical rain zones with higher rainfall intensities and longer rain event durations. This study strive to evaluate the profile of rainfall and the monthly and annual variability to improve the design parameters of satellite propagation. Two yeas rainfall measurement campaign was conducted in Abuja at Nigcomsat-1R ground station with a view to understanding the characteristics of Abuja rain. The location of the site is on lat. 9.06o N and lon. 7.48o E. Tipping bucket rain gauge was used for point rain rate and 1.8 m VSAT antenna was installed to monitor the rain induced attenuation on satellite broadband signal. The results shows a huge variability between month to month as well as annual average between 2016 and 2017. The performance of broadband satellite service was found to largely to depend on the quality of the carrier power above the system noise rather than bandwidth capacity or the receive signal level while higher attenuations are associated with higher rain intensities and the slant path effects.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1443-1451
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Image and audio fractal compression: comprehensive review, enhancements and research directions

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1564-1570
Ahmed Huaasin Ali , Ali Nihad Abbas , Loay Edwar George , Mohd Rosmadi Mokhtar
This study aims to review the recent techniques in digital multimedia compression with respect to fractal coding techniques. It covers the proposed fractal coding methods in audio and image domain and the techniques that were used for accelerating the encoding time process which is considered the main challenge in fractal compression. This study also presents the trends of the researcher's interests in applying fractal coding in image domain in comparison to the audio domain. This review opens directions for further researches in the area of fractal coding in audio compression and removes the obstacles that face its implementation in order to compare fractal audio with the renowned audio compression techniques.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1564-1570
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Design of pitch angle controller for wind turbine based on pi neurofuzzy model

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1662-1670
Ammar A. Aldair , Mofeed T. Rashid , Ali F. Halihal , Mastaneh Mokayef
Aerodynamic torque of wind turbine is adjusted by controlling the pitch angle of the blades of the turbine when the wind speed is higher than rated wind speed. So that, in the recent research in this field, the pitch angle controller becomes dominated controller type for extracting the electrical power from the wind energy. Three types of the pitch angle control systems are designed to construct the speed controller: conventional PI controller, Neurofuzzy controller and modified PI-Neurofuzzy controller. The results are shown that the modified PI-Neurofuzzy controller is more efficient than the others because the rotation speed of generator is kept almost constant. It means that the generated output power has remained constant at maximum power limited even the wind speed rises up the rated wind speed.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1662-1670
Publish at: 2019-09-01

Examining the object-based and pixel-based image analyses for developing stand volume estimator model

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1586-1596
Dwi Putra Apriyanto , I Nengah Surati Jaya , Nining Puspaningsih
In the last two decades there has been significant leap on the spatial resolution of the satellite digital images which may be very useful for estimating stand parameter required for forest as well as environment management. This paper describes development of stand volume estimator models using SPOT 6 panchromatic and multispectral images with an object-based digital image analysis (OBIA) and conventional pixel-based approaches. The data used include panchromatic band with1.5m spatial resolution, and multispectral band with6m spatial resolution. The proposed OBIA technique with mean-shift algorithm was functioned to derive a canopy cover variable from the fusion of the panchromatic and multispectral, while the pixel-based vegetation index was used to develop model with an original pixel-size of 6 m.  The estimator models were established based on 65 sample plots both measured in the field and images.  The study found that the OBIA provides more accurate identification with Kappa Accuracy (KA) of 71% and Overall Accuracy (OA) of 86%. The study concluded that the best stand volume estimation model is the model that developed from the canopy cover (C) derived from OBIA i.e., v = 13.47e0.032C with mean deviation of only 0.92%, better than the model derived from conventional pixel-based approach, i.e., v = 0.0000067e16.48TNDVI with a mean deviation of 5.37%.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 1586-1596
Publish at: 2019-09-01
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