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31,207 Article Results

Stigma and discrimination among health care providers towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

10.11591/ijphs.v8i1.17081
Mohamed Osman Elamin , Yahiya Rajaa , Hamed Ademola Adetunji , Sufian Khalid , Remah Siddiq
Stigma and discrimination among medical care providers (MCPs) towards HIV patients is a common observed problem that can compromise effectiveness of prevention and treatment efforts by discouraging individuals from being tested or seeking information on how to protect themselves and others. This research aimed to determine the existence of stigma and discrimination among health care providers towards people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in River Nile state. A descriptive cross sectional hospital based study conducted in Atbara, Edamer and Berber hospitals. Questionnaire containing six parts covering the personal data, knowledge about HIV, attitude, availability of PPDs and discriminatory practices of MCPs was used. The data was analyzed using the SPSS. Three hundred and nighty participated consisting of 136 doctors, 219 nurses, and 35 midwives. Out of these, 68.2% of participants had overall satisfactory knowledge, 30% had good knowledge, while only 1.8% had poor knowledge. Majority (74.4%) stated that MCPs were discriminatory in their practices towards HIV patients. There wa correlation between common discriminatory practices and total attitude, and availability of PPDs (p<0.05). No correlation between the common discriminatory practices and total knowledge scores.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 36-44
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Design and simulation of a combined serpentine t-shape magnetorheological brake

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1221-1227
Faishal Harish Hidayatullah , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Endra Dwi Purnomo , Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana , Ilham Bagus Wiranto
A magnetorheological brake (MRB) is a device to dissipate rotational energy using magnetorheological fluids (MRF). MRB can change its braking torque quickly in response to external magnetic field strength. The brake is rotational, utilizing the MRF in shear mode. In this study, the geometrical design of the MRB, magnetic circuit and MRF flow path is addressed. Mathematical models are presented that describe the braking torque of the MRB. A novel prototype is introduced combining T-shape rotor model with serpentine flux magnetic circuit configuration. The rotor member is selected to direct the flux concentration at that location. Serpentine flux configuration is selected to achieve higher torque without increasing the size of MRB by activated more surface area of MRF with the magnetic flux. The finite element method is used to evaluate the magnetic flux density in MRB using FEMM 4.2. FEMM results showed that this novel design could provide sufficient magnetic flux along MRF flow path. Finally, the influence of input current to the MRB on braking torque is investigated. It is found that the braking torque in MRB increases with the increase of the input current. The prototype is formulated as foot-drop prevention orthotic. The MRB would be further integrated into ankle-foot orthoses for post-stroke patients. The design is formulated as a preliminary geometrical design, aiming to obtain the minimum required braking torque.
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 1221-1227
Publish at: 2019-03-01

A comparative study of sentiment analysis using SVM and SentiWordNet

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp902-909
Mohammad Fikri , Riyanarto Sarno
Sentiment analysis has grown rapidly which impact on the number of services using the internet popping up in Indonesia. In this research, the sentiment analysis uses the rule-based method with the help of SentiWordNet and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) as feature extraction method. Since the number of sentences in positive, negative and neutral classes is imbalanced, the oversampling method is implemented. For imbalanced dataset, the rule-based SentiWordNet and SVM algorithm achieve accuracies of 56% and 76%, respectively. However, for the balanced dataset, the rule-based SentiWordNet and SVM algorithm achieve accuracies of 52% and 89%, respectively.
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 902-909
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Prevalence of active school transportation in the upper east and upper west regions of Ghana

10.11591/ijphs.v8i1.16692
Seidu Sofo , Eugene Asola , Emmanuel Thompson
The use of active transportation such as walking to and from school is on the decline globally. The primary purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of active school transportation among primary and junior high school students in the Upper East and Upper West regions of Ghana. The secondary purpose was to examine predictors for meeting the recommended daily number of steps. A total of 2505 (1117 boys and 1388 girls) primary (1583) and junior high school (922) students participated in the study. The distances from children’s homes to their schools, heights, and body weights were measured –their heights were used to estimate their stride lengths. The step count for each participant to and from school each day was calculated. Data were analyzed using conditional percentage distribution and Logit model. Analyses indicated that 98.96% of participants used active transportation to and from school. Over 63% of the students were within the normal BMI range. However, 26.47% of the participants were either thin or underweight while 9.9% were either overweight or obese. Overall, 46.47% of the participants met the recommended daily steps. The Logit model indicated that educational level, BMI, mode of transportation, region, height, and age were significant predictors for meeting the recommended daily number of steps. The prevalence of school active transportation in the present study was high compared to that reported in other studies. Furthermore, the prevalence of thinness and underweight were higher than in previous studies, while the prevalence in overweight and obesity were lower.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 118-126
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Calcium supplementation dose and vegetable intake determine preeclampsia

10.11591/ijphs.v8i1.16411
laila fitriani , Ari Probandari , Budiyanti Wiboworini
Preeclampsia is one of the cause of high maternal mortality rates. Risk factors for preeclampsia include a lack of nutrients such as vitamin A, calcium, sodium and potassium. Calcium intake in pregnant women is not only obtained from calcium supplementation, but also obtained from consumed foods such as vegetables. to analyzed the relationship between calcium supplementation dose and vegetable intake with preeclampsia in third trimester of pregnant women. observational analytic used a prospective cohort design. A total of 65 third trimester pregnant women participated in the study in Bantul, Yogyakarta. The calcium supplementation dose was obtained through interview using a questionnaire, while vegetable intake was obtained through the food frequency and food recall 2x24 hours. 16 third trimester pregnant women experienced preeclampsia. The mean calcium dose consumed per day was 476.2 mg. The average intake of vegetables per day for pregnant women was 250.9 gr. Kaplan-Mier with the log rank method states that there was a significant difference between calcium supplementation dose (p=0.007) and preeclampsia. There was a significant difference between vegetable intake (p=0.007) and preeclampsia. there was a significant relationship between calcium supplementation dose and vegetable intake with preeclampsia in third trimester pregnant women.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 76-81
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Modelling volatility of Kuala Lumpur composite index (KLCI) using SV and garch models

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1087-1094
Ezatul Akma Abdullah , Siti Meriam Zahari , S.Sarifah Radiah Shariff , Muhammad Asmu’i Abdul Rahim
It is well-known that financial time series exhibits changing variance and this can have important consequences in formulating economic or financial decisions. In much recent evidence shows that volatility of financial assets is not constant, but rather that relatively volatile periods alternate with more tranquil ones. Thus, there are many opportunities to obtain forecasts of this time-varying risk. The paper presents the modelling volatility of the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI) using SV and GARCH models.  Thus, the aim of this study is to model the KLCI stock market using two models; Stochastic Volatility (SV) and Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH). This study employs an SV model with Bayesian approach and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampler; and GARCH model with MLE estimator. The best model will be used to forecast the future volatility of stock returns. The study involves 971 daily observations of KLCI Closing price index, from 2 January 2008 to 10 November 2016, excluding public holidays. SV model is found to be the best based on the lowest RMSE and MAE values.
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 1087-1094
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Design and implementation of embedded auto car parking system using FPGA for emergency conditions

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp876-883
Khor Jing Yong , Muataz H. Salih
An automatic car parking system using FPGA based on emergency conditions was proposed to detect the driver’s condition and perform specific tasks such as warn the drivers and automatic parking depends on the behavior of the driver. Long journey driving on highway will lead loss of concentration of driver quickly and also cause the driver doze off. Based on statistics, driver tends to fall asleep more on high-speed, long, boring highway. Most crashes occur between 4.00a.m-6.00a.m and midnight 12.00a.m till 2.00a.m. Besides, heart attack during driving will also harm to other road users. The risk of accident will increase due to these conditions. In this paper, automatic car parking system using FPGA based on emergency conditions was proposed to detect the driver’s condition and perform specific tasks such as warn the drivers and automatic parking depends on the behavior of the driver. At the same times, this system can avoid all the obstacles and cars on the road from time to time. Input data management unit was designed as control unit for input data sensors of input and output control. Main processing was designed as speed controller and also the steering controller. Speed controller used to control the speed of vehicle while driving on the road by detecting the obstacles. Steering controller was designed to control automatic car parking and also assisted with sensors around the vehicles. Sensors were tested with many materials so that the system can flexible with any conditions. The total of 1083 logic elements and 676 registers being used in this project and up to 1.6GHz as operating frequency. The complete design is able to avoid obstacles surrounding of host vehicles and parked at a safe area automatically after heart attack of driver detected. Then, GSM send GPS coordination to hospital.
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 876-883
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Effects of self-help groups intervention on coping strategies of parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

10.11591/ijphs.v8i1.17026
Ridhoyanti Hidayah , Retno Lestari
Coping strategies were significant predictors of psychosocial adaptation in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Self-help groups could be effective resources for parents in dealing with problems wile caring for children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of self-help groups on coping strategies in parents of children with ASD. This study used pre and post quasi-experimental tests without a control group using self-help group interventions. There were thirty-three participants taken from the Malang City Autism Service Center using purposive sampling. Coping strategies based on cognitive and psychomotor abilities were measured using a questionnaire. The results showed paired t-test in all groups, at 5% significance level, statistically significant difference between mean score before and after self-help group interventions. Coping strategies in groups that received two supervised sessions and four times independently reached higher score compared to other groups. It can be concluded that it is important to implement self-help groups for parents who care for children with special needs.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 20-25
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Purchasing power, fruits vegetables consumption, nutrition status among elementary school student

10.11591/ijphs.v8i1.16304
Yohan Fallo , Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriwangsa , Diffah Hanim
Food purchasing power is usually defined as a household's economic ability to obtain food which is determined by measuring the income allocated for food purchase, the price of food consumed, and the number of family members. More than 50% of the sub-districts in South Central Timor are vulnerable to food consumption due to their low purchasing power, thus causing low fruits and vegetables consumption. To analyze the correlation between purchasing power, fruits and vegetables consumption, with nutrition status of elementary school students. Analytic observational using a cross sectional design. Sample size of 108 students was achieved using simple random sampling method. Independent variables are purchasing power, fruits and vegetables consumption. Dependent variable is nutrition status. Fruits and vegetables consumption data was collected using food frequency, purchasing power data was collected using questionnaires, and nutrition status was collected by calculating IMT/U. The statistics tests used were chi square test. The mean number of fruits and vegetables consumption of the elementary students was 0,36±0,483 and the mean number of purchasing power was 2,80±0,405. Bivariate study test results show a significant correlation between purchasing power and nutrition status (p=0,039) and a significant correlation between fruits and vegetables consumption and nutrition status (p=0,000). There is a correlation between purchasing power, fruits and vegetables consumption, and nutrition status in elementary school students.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 70-75
Publish at: 2019-03-01

FPGA implementation of new LM-SPIHT colored image compression with reduced complexity and low memory requirement compatible for 5G

10.11591/ijres.v8.i1.pp1-13
Yasmine M. Tabra , Bayan Mahdi Sabbar
The revolution in 5G mobile systems require changes to how image is handled. These changes are represented by the required processing time, the amount of space for uploading and downloading. In this paper, a development on WT (Wavelet Transform) along with LM-SPIHT (Listless-Modified Set Partitioning in Hierarchical tree) coding and with additional level of Runlength encoding for image compression has been proposed. The new implementation reduces the amount of data needed to be stored in several stages, also the amount of time required for processing. The compression has been implemented using VHDL (Very High Descriptive Language) on netFPGA-1G-CLM Kintex-7 board. The new implementation results show a reduction in the complexity as processing time.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 1-13
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Biomedical health monitoring system design and analysis

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1056-1064
Nur Athilah Abdul Rahman , Asral Bahari Jambek
e-Health remote monitoring systems have bloomed rapidly with a myriad of applications. This paper discusses a design of a remote monitoring device for biomedical field. Four biomedical sensors which are electrocardiography (ECG), airflow, galvanic skin response and temperature with two boards which are the e-Health Shield Board V2.0 and Arduino Uno Board are used. The results show satisfactory output for each experiment using two test subjects. The device able to achieve high accuracy where percentage of temperature difference is less than 1% compared to the commercial devices with an average power consumption of each working sensor on board is ≤9W.
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 1056-1064
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Design of active inductor-based butterworth and chebyshev microwave bandpass filters in standard 0.18µm-CMOS technology

10.11591/ijres.v8.i1.pp27-35
Jarjar Mariem , Pr. EL Quazzani Nabih
In this paper we propose a synthesis of microwave active filters having Butterworth and Chebyshev responses in the frequency range 1GHz-2GHz. The filter fundamental block, used to build an active inductor, consists of CMOS-based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) circuits. These amplifiers are made out of simple current mirror using MOS transistors. The simulation procedure has been carried out through PSPICE software showing good performances regarding scattering parameters in terms insertion losses, of out-of-band rejection and phase.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 27-35
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Distance weighted K-Means algorithm for center selection in training radial basis function networks

10.11591/ijai.v8.i1.pp54-62
Lim Eng Aik , Tan Wei Hong , Ahmad Kadri Junoh
The accuracies rates of the neural networks mainly depend on the selection of the correct data centers. The K-means algorithm is a widely used clustering algorithm in various disciplines for centers selection. However, the method is known for its sensitivity to initial centers selection. It suffers not only from a high dependency on the algorithm's initial centers selection but, also from data points. The performance of K-means has been enhanced from different perspectives, including centroid initialization problem over the years. Unfortunately, the solution does not provide a good trade-off between quality and efficiency of the centers produces by the algorithm. To solve this problem, a new method to find the initial centers and improve the sensitivity to the initial centers of K-means algorithm is proposed. This paper presented a training algorithm for the radial basis function network (RBFN) using improved K-means (KM) algorithm, which is the modified version of KM algorithm based on distance-weighted adjustment for each centers, known as distance-weighted K-means (DWKM) algorithm. The proposed training algorithm, which uses DWKM algorithm select centers for training RBFN obtained better accuracy in predictions and reduced network architecture compared to the standard RBFN. The proposed training algorithm was implemented in MATLAB environment; hence, the new network was undergoing a hybrid learning process. The network called DWKM-RBFN was tested against the standard RBFN in predictions. The experimental models were tested on four literatures nonlinear function and four real-world application problems, particularly in Air pollutant problem, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) problem, Phytoplankton problem, and forex pair EURUSD. The results are compared to proposed method for root mean square error (RMSE) in radial basis function network (RBFN). The proposed method yielded a promising result with an average improvement percentage more than 50 percent in RMSE.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 54-62
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Comparative between (LiNbO3) and (LiTaO3) in detecting acoustics microwaves using classification

10.11591/ijai.v8.i1.pp33-43
Hafdaoui Hichem , Benatia Djamel
Our work is mainly about detecting acoustics microwaves in the type of BAW (Bulk acoustic waves), where we compared between Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) and Lithium Tantalate (LiTaO3), during the propagation of acoustic microwaves in a piezoelectric substrate. In this paper, We have used the classification by Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) as a means of numerical analysis in which we classify all the values of the real part and the imaginary part of the coefficient attenuation with the acoustic velocity for conclude whichever is the best in utilization for generating bulk acoustic waves.This study will be very interesting in modeling and realization of acoustic microwaves devices (ultrasound) based on the propagation of acoustic microwaves.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 33-43
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Performance analysis of malaysian low voltage distribution network under different solar variability days

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1152-1160
Nur Izzati Zolkifr , Chin Kim Gan , Meysam Shamsiri
The widespread of Photovoltaic (PV) systems as one of the distributed generation technologies could have profound impact on the distribution networks operation, particularly on network losses and network voltages fluctuations. This is mainly caused by the high PV penetrations coupled with high solar variability in the countries with large cloud cover. Therefore, this paper presents an investigation on the impact of residential grid-connected PV system by utilizing a typical low voltage (LV) network in Malaysia under various solar variability days. In this study, there are three scenarios; where, each scenario were performed with different levels of PV penetration and five different solar variability days. The impacts of PV system allocation in different scenarios and various solar variability days are assessed in term of voltage unbalance and network losses. The results propose that Scenario 1: randomly allocation of PV systems across the LV network has the lowest voltage unbalance and network losses especially during overcast day
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 1152-1160
Publish at: 2019-03-01
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