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29,602 Article Results

Pico-hydro Electrification from Rainwater’s Gravitational Force for Urban Area

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8076
M Faizal; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Yaakub , M Farriz; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Basar , F Hanim Mohd; Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia Noh , Hambali; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Boejang
The demand for electrical energy is increasing in most areas in the world. Unstable fossil fuel price and its rapid depletion have led to an intensive research on new energy source and energy conversion. This paper presents the performance of the energy harvesting which focuses on the experimental work to emulate energy harvesting from the rainwater by utilizing a Pico - hydro approach installed to a high building. NACuM core DB-370F DC generators, 1000 litres water tank, 0.5 inch diameter piping system used in two different configurations with three different head setups. The result shows a huge energy harvesting potential obtained from the system and rainwater with maximum 261 milliwatts despite the hardware’s limitation in the setup. Hance, contributes to the cost-efficient due to its small in size, environmentally friendly, and hassle-free maintenance.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 997-1003
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Comparison of Methods for Batik Classification Using Multi Texton Histogram

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7376
Agus Eko; Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Minarno , Ayu Septya; Universitas Muhammadiyah Maulani , Arrie; Universitas Islam Indonesia Kurniawardhani , Fitri; Universitas Mataram Bimantoro , Nanik; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Suciati
Batik is a symbol reflecting Indonesian culture which has been acknowledged by UNESCO since 2009. Batik has various motifs or patterns. Because most regions in Indonesia have their own characteristic of batik motifs, people find difficulties to recognize the variety of Batik. This study attempts to develop a system that can help people to classify Batik motifs using Multi Texton Histogram (MTH) for feature extraction. Meanwhile, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm were employed for classification. The performance of those classifications is then compared to seek the best classification method for Batik classification. The performance is tested 300 images divided into 50 classes. The results show the optimum accuracy achieved using k-NN with k=5 and MTH with 6 textons is 82%; however, SVM and MTH with 6 textons denote 76%. According to the result, MTH as feature extraction, k-NN or SVM as a classifier can be applied on Batik image classification.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1358-1366
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Initial Phase Effect on DOA Estimation in MMIMO Using Separated Steering Matrix

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8539
Bayan Mahdi; Al-Nahrain University Sabar , Yasmine M.; Al-Nahrain University Tabra
Providing simple and low complexity algorithms for estimating the direction of arrival in large systems using Massive MIMO is considered an important issue. In this paper a method with reduced complexity was proposed to estimate the direction of arrival in FD- MMIMO. The Separated Steering Matrix (SSM) algorithm uses two separated equations for estimating elevation and azimuth angles of Multi-users. This method reduces the complexity of calculating the covariance matrix by decreasing the size of this matrix. This technique is tested using 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Since the mobility of devices affects the accuracy of direction estimation, thus the effect of the initial phase of transmitted signal from mobile device is tested.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 946-954
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Performance Improvement for Hybrid L-band Remote Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier/Raman using Phase Modulator

10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1875-1881
Nelidya Md. Yusoff , A. H. Sulaiman , Sumiaty Ambran , Azura Hamzah , M. A. Mahdi
We have demonstrated the performance improvement of L-band hybrid remote Erbium-doped fiber amplifier by introducing a phase modulator to suppress the stimulated Brilloiun scattering (SBS) effect in the transmission. The transmission gain has improved by 12.65dB while the noise figure has reduced by 47.1dB when 0dBm signal power is generated at 1590.05nm wavelength. Furthermore, the optical signal-to-noise ratio has improved from 7.81dB to 29.72dB when the signal power is varied from -30dBm to 0dBm. By implementing a phase modulator to the input signal somehow able to produce better performance regarding gain, noise figure and optical signal-to-noise ratio, especially at the higher signal power as the gain, has been transferred to the Stokes signal and the amplified signal.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 1875-1881
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Wireless Data Communication Techniques to Coordinate Distributed Rooftop PVs in Unbalanced Three-phase Feeder

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7780
Rachmawati; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Rachmawati , Anita; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Fauziah , Nelly; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Safitri
A necessity of the availability of communication network to provide data transfer amongst the coordinated single-phase rooftop photovoltaic (PV) in unbalanced three-phase low voltage (LV) feeder is essential since fetching data within the sensor of each PV unit requires real-time measurement and reliable data exchange within smart grid (SG), loads and other PV units. The main objective of this paper is to model the popular Wi-Fi, WiMax and ZigBee wireless data communication techniques into algorithms using numerical analysis. Those communication technologies have low cost and low power consumption. The benefits and drawbacks of those considered wireless data communications are shown as the required data that transferred and appropriate coding is also proposed. The number of transmitted symbols and the processing time delay of the proposed data coding are numerically analyzed, the results indicated that the 100% penetration level of PV that resulted higher injected reactive power back into the networks is able to be overcome since the coordinated PVs along the feeder is communicating to lower the unbalanced voltage profile.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1101-1106
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Asymptotic features of Hessian Matrix in Receding Horizon Model Predictive Control with Medium Sized Prediction Frames

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.9035
M. Bilal; University of Technology Shahid , M. Abbas; University of Technology Abbasi , Sehar; University College of Engineering & Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Arsha
In this paper, Receding Horizon Model Predictive Control (RH-MPC) having a quadratic objective function is studied through the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Singular Vectors of its Hessian Matrix. Contrary to the previous work, non-equal and medium sized control and prediction horizons are considered and it is shown that the Singular Values converge to the open loop magnitude response of the system and singular vectors contain the phase information. Earlier results focused on classical formulation of Generalized Predictive Control (GPC), whereas, current work proves the applicability to modern formulation. Although, method can easily be extended to MIMO systems, only SISO system examples are presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1174-1182
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Thermal Effect of Wind Generation on Conventional Generator in a Microgrid

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp890-896
Azmi Hashim , Kwok L Lo
In order to reduce CO2 emissions, which is one of the key strategy in combatting global warming, development of wind energy technology as source of renewable energy has become more important globally. However, the variability of the wind speeds leads to the intermittent nature of wind power generation. The conventional generators in the system must be able to compensate this fluctuation to maintain system stability and meet the load demand in the grid. This in turn may increase the temperature of the conventional generators beyond what normally occurs without wind generation in the grid. The aim of the paper is to inestigate the effect of thermal heating of the generators due to the variable output of wind generation in different time of the year in a microgrid by proposing proper modelling in the simulation. The simulations are done in 24 hours period in four different time of the years corresponding to different seasons of the year.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 890-896
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Face Recognition on Linear Motion-blurred Image

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.5480
Fergyanto E.; Bina Nusantara University Gunawan , Jeklin; Bina Nusantara University Harefa , Nobumasa; Toyohashi University of Technology Sekishita
Most face recognition algorithms are generally capable to achieve a high level of accuracy when the image is acquired under wellcontrolled conditions. The face should be still during the acquisition process; otherwise, the resulted image would be blur and hard for recognition. Enforcing persons to stand still during the process is impractical; extremely likely that recognition should be performed on a blurred image. It is important to understand the relation between the image blur and the recognition accuracy. The ORL Database was used in the study. All images were in PGM format of 92 × 112 pixels from forty different persons, ten images per person. Those images were randomly divided into training and testing datasets with 50-50 ratio. Singular value decomposition was used to extract the features. The images in the testing datasets were artificially blurred to represent a linear motion, and recognition was performed. The blurred images were also filtered using various methods. The accuracy levels of the recognition on the basis of the blurred faces and filtered faces were compared. The performed numerical study suggests that at its best, the image improvement processes are capable to improve the recognition accuracy level by less than five percent.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1249-1255
Publish at: 2018-06-01

The Prediction of Optimal Route of City Transportation Based on Passenger Occupancy using Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study in The City of Bandung

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7077
Sri Suryani; Telkom University Prasetiyowati , Yuliant; Telkom University Sibaroni , Derwin; Telkom University Prabangkara
Currently, the existence of city transport is increasingly eliminated by private vehicles such as cars and motorcycles. This situation is further exacerbated by the behavior of city transport drivers who are less discipline in driving, or in picking up and dropping off their passengers. The bad behavior is partly caused by the low level of passenger occupancy. The drivers try to search for passengers as much as possible but often ignore the traffic rules. To overcome this problem, an optimal transport route with high passenger potential is required. Therefore, this study investigated the optimal route of city transport based on the passenger occupancy rate in the city of Bandung as the case study. The method employed for determining the optimal route is Genetic algorithm combined with Ordinary Kriging method used for the process of passenger prediction and fitness calculation. The optimal routes are those with higher occupancy rate. The analysis results showed that the use of the Genetic algorithm with a low number of generations succeed in creating new optimal routes even though the increase is not too high the maximum only reaches 4%.This result is certainly important enough to be used in making better public transport routes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1201-1207
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Synchronous Mobile Robots Formation Control

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8397
Mohd Razali; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohamad Sapiee , Khalil Azha; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohd Annuar
Synchronous mobile robots formation control is one of the most challenging and interesting fields in robotics. The mobile robots communicate with each other through wireless communication to perform similar movement. This study analyzed two mobile robots that can perform synchronous movement along a shaped path. A square shape is set as a path for the mobile robot movements. The front robot being the leading robot transmits the instruction of its movement to the robot behind it, acting as the following robot through a wireless communication. The instruction sent by the leading robot is received by the following robot through a program embedded in the leading robot microcontroller which then drives the following robot to move and imitates the movement of the leading. The algorithm for the movement is tested on the hardware and the results of the experiment are included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1183-1192
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Algorithm to Convert Signal Interpreted Petri Net Models to Programmable Logic Controller Ladder Logic Diagram Models

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp905-916
Z. Aspar , Nasir Shaikh-Husin , M. Khalil-Hani
Signal Interpreted Petri Nets (SIPN) modeling has been proposed as an alternative to Ladder Logic Diagram (LLD) modeling for programming complex programmable logic controllers (PLCs) due to its high level of abstraction and functionalities. This paper proposes an algorithm to efficiently convert existing SIPN models to their LLD models equivalences. In order to automate and speed up the conversion process, matrix calculation approach is used. A complex SIPN model was used to show that existing conversion technique must be expanded in order to cater for a more complex SIPN models.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 905-916
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch using Crow Search Algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1423-1431
Lakshmi M , Ramesh Kumar A
The optimal reactive power dispatch is a kind of optimization problem that plays a very important role in the operation and control of the power system. This work presents a meta-heuristic based approach to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch problem. The proposed approach employs Crow Search algorithm to find the values for optimal setting of optimal reactive power dispatch control variables. The proposed way of approach is scrutinized and further being tested on the standard IEEE 30-bus, 57-bus and 118-bus test system with different objectives which includes the minimization of real power losses, total voltage deviation and also the enhancement of voltage stability. The simulation results procured thus indicates the supremacy of the proposed approach over the other approaches cited in the literature.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 1423-1431
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Effect of the Thickness of High Tc Superconducting Rectangular Microstrip Patch over Ground Plane with Rectangular Aperture

10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1611-1617
Nabil Boukhennoufa , Lotfi Djouane , Houcine Oudira , Mounir Amir , Tarek Fortaki
In recent years, a great interest has been observed in the development and use of new materials in microwave technology. Particularly, a special interest has been observed in the use of superconducting materials in microwave integrated circuits, this is due to their main characteristics. In this paper, the complex resonant frequency problem of a superconductor patch over Ground Plane with Rectangular Aperture is formulated in terms of an integral equation, the kernel of which is the dyadic Green’s function. Galerkin’s procedure is used in the resolution of the electric field integral equation. The surface impedance of the superconductor film is modeled using the two fluids model of Gorter and Casimir. Numerical results concerning the effect of the thickness of the superconductor patch on the characteristics of the antenna are presented.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 1611-1617
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Interpretability Evaluation of Annual Mosaic Image of MTB Model for Land Cover Changes Analysis

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.9331
Muhammad; Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education; and University of Indonesia Dimyati , Ratih Dewanti; LAPAN and Gadjah Mada University Dimyati , Kustiyo; LAPAN Kustiyo , Projo; LAPAN and Gadjah Mada University Danoedoro , Hartono; LAPAN and Gadjah Mada University Hartono
To verify whether the annual mosaic image of MTB model is acceptable for further digital analysis, it is necessary to evaluate the visual interpretability. The MTB model is an effort to integrate multi-scene and multi-temporal data, to obtain a minimum cloud cover mosaic image in locations that are often covered by clouds and haze. This study is to evaluate the interpretability of the annual mosaic image for analysis of the land cover changes. The data used are the images of 2015, 2016, and 2017 covers a part of central Sumatra. Visual interpretations with a series of steps are used, starting with identification of the objects using interpretation keys, followed by spectral band correlations, scattergram analysis, and ended by consistency assessment. The consistency assessment step is performed to determine the level of clearness and easiness of the object recognition in the annual mosaic images. The results showed that the most optimal spectral bands used for RGB combinations for visual interpretation were Band SWIR-1, Band NIR, and Band Red. Based on the evaluation results, the annual mosaic image of MTB model performed the consistent results of the clearness objects and the easiness of the object recognition. Thus the annual mosaic image of MTB model of 0.02x0.02 degree tile is acceptable for further digital processing as well as digital land cover analysis.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 934-945
Publish at: 2018-06-01

A New CMOS Fully Differential Low Noise Amplifier for Wideband Applications

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7630
Majid; University of Birjand Takbiri , Hadi; University of Birjand Zarei , Abolfazl; University of Birjand Bijari
In this paper, a multi-stage fully differential low noise amplifier (LNA) has been presented for wideband applications. A common-gate input stage is used to improve the input impedance matching and linearity. A common-source stage is also used as the second stage to enhance gain and reduce noise. A shunt-shunt feedback is employed to extend bandwidth and enhance linearity. The proposed low noise amplifier has been designed and simulated using RF-TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process technology. In frequency band of 3.5-7.5 GHz, this amplifier has a flat power gain (S21) of 16.5 ± 1.5 dB, low noise figure (NF) of 3dB, input (S11) and output (S22) return losses less than -10 dB and high linearity with input thirdorder intercept point (IIP3) of -3dBm. It’s power consumption is also less than 10 mw with low power supply voltage of 0.8v.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1083-1091
Publish at: 2018-06-01
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