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29,167 Article Results

The Locator Framework for Detecting Movement Indoors

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.7393
Kevin; Ulster University Curran
There are many advantages to being able to track in real-time the movement of things or humans. This is especially important in tracking goods in the supply chain, in security and also in health and safety. The Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system works well in outdoor environments but it cannot track items indoors. There is also the problem of power hungry sensor chips inherent in some GPS trackers. Mobile Cellular triangulation also works well for many outdoor solutions but problems with cost, accuracy and reliability make it difficult to deploy for indoor tracking scenarions. The levels of accuracy can vary by up to 50 meters which hinder its ability for adoption in many use case scenarios. There are also problems with poor cellular coverage in rural areas. Solutions built on WiFi–the IEEE 802.11 standard overcome many of these issues. WiFi location tracking works via sampling of the received signal strength (RSS) which along with triangulation and prior mapping allows systems to locate items or humans with fine-granularity. This WiFi fingerprinting is a viable cost-effective approach to determining movement within indoor enviroments. This paper presents an overview of popular techniques and off-the-shelf solutions which can be used to determine movement of people and objects indoors. We outline the Locator frameworks which is built on both active and passive indoor localisation techniques for tracking movement within indoor environments.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 390-401
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Estimating Parameter of Nonlinear Bias Correction Method Using NSGA-II in Daily Precipitation Data

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6848
Angga Wahyu; Bogor Agricultural University Pratama , Agus; Bogor Agricultural University Buono , Rahmat; Bogor Agricultural University Hidayat , Hastuadi; Bogor Agricultural University Harsa
Nonlinear (NL) method is the most effective bias correction method for correcting statistical bias when observation precipitation data can not be approximated using gamma distribution. Since NL method only adjusts mean and variance, it does not perform well in handling bias on quantile values. This paperpresents a scheme of NL method with additional condition aiming to mitigate bias on quantile values. Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was applied to estimate parameter of NL method. Furthermore, to investigate suitability of application of NSGA-II, we performed Single Objective Genetic Algorithm (SOGA) as a comparison. The experiment results revealed NSGA-II was suitable when solution of SOGA produced low fitness. Application of NSGA-II could minimize impact of daily bias correction on monthly precipitation. The proposed scheme successfully reduced biases on mean, variance, first and second quantile However, biases on third and fourth moment could not be handled robustly while biases on third quantile only reduced during dry months.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 241-249
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Exponential Tapered Balun with Different Sizes for UWB Elliptical Dipole Antenna

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.8360
M A; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Zakwan , S A; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Hamzah , S M; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Shah , K N; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Ramli , M S; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Zainal , L; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Audah , N; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Abdullah , A; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Ubin , F C; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Seman , A K; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Anuar , Adeeb; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Salh , M; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Esa , N N N; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Abd Malik
This work presents a broadband tapered balun with different sizes using nonlinear transition particularly suitable for planar and three-dimensional (3-D) dipole antennas for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications such as communication, radar systems and geolocation precision. Four baluns with wideband microstrip-to-parallel-strip transition using an elliptical structure for an elliptical dipole antenna are proposed. The initial balun structure consists of a nonlinear profile with a quarter-wavelength for both height and width. By studying the current distributions at the balun surface, it can be reduced to 25%, 50% and 75% from the original size. Measured results based on the reflection coefficients for all baluns are shown to be better than -10 dB from 1.0 GHz to 10 GHz. These baluns are integrated with an elliptical dipole which acts as a feeding circuit. Eight set of antennas with a planar and 3-D configurations with four different sizes are proposed in this work. The planar configurations are named as Planar 1, Planar 2, Planar 3 and Planar 4 while the 3-D configurations are named as 3D Dipole 1, 3D Dipole 2, 3D Dipole 3 and 3D Dipole 4, respectively. The results show that all antennas with the proposed baluns operates within the UWB frequency range.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 217-223
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Emotion Recognition from Facial Expression Based on Fiducial Points Detection and using Neural Network

10.11591/ijece.v8i1.pp52-59
Fatima Zahra Salmam , Abdellah Madani , Mohamed Kissi
The importance of emotion recognition lies in the role that emotions play in our everyday lives. Emotions have a strong relationship with our behavior. Thence, automatic emotion recognition, is to equip the machine of this human ability to analyze, and to understand the human emotional state, in order to anticipate his intentions from facial expression. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to enhance accuracy of emotion recognition from facial expression, which is based on input features deducted only from fiducial points. The proposed approach consists firstly on extracting 1176 dynamic features from image sequences that represent the proportions of euclidean distances between facial fiducial points in the first frame, and faicial fiducial points in the last frame. Secondly, a feature selection method is used to select only the most relevant features from them. Finally, the selected features are presented to a Neural Network (NN) classifier to classify facial expression input into emotion. The proposed approach has achieved an emotion recognition accuracy of 99% on the CK+ database, 84.7% on the Oulu-CASIA VIS database, and 93.8% on the JAFFE database.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 52-59
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Enhanced User-driven Ranking System with Splay Tree

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.5875
R.; Sathyabama University Jayashree , A.; Sathyabama University Christy
E-learning is one of the information and communication technology products used for teaching and learning process [35]. An efficient and effective way to construct trust relationship among peer users in e-learning environment is ranking. User-driven ranking systems are based only on the feedback or rating provided by the users. In [46-48] the authors provide a variety of trust and reputation methods. Certified Belief in Strength (CBS) [45] is a novel trust measurement method based on reputation and strength. In [38] author presents a recommendation system based on the relevant feedback review to predict the user's interests, that are ranked based on the recommendations history they provide previously. Users with higher rating obtain high reputation compared to less scored users. In question answering websites like StackOverflow, new or low scored users are ignored by the community. This discourage them and their involvement with the community reduces further down, as power law states, alleged low users are pushed to the bottom of the ranking list. Avoid this condition by encouraging less reputed users and prevent them from moving further down in ranking level. Thus, low reputed users are provided with few more chances to participate actively in the e-learning environments. A splay tree is a Binary Search Tree with self-balancing skill. The splay tree brings the recently accessed item to the top of the tree, thus active users are always on the top of the tree. A splay tree is used to represent user's ranks, and to semi-splay low ranked users again in the tree thus preventing them from further drowning in the ranking list. The focus of this research work is to find and enhance low reputed users in reputation system by providing few more chances to take part actively in the e-learning environment using the splay tree. Normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG) acts as a decision part for identifying drowning users.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 432-444
Publish at: 2018-02-01

A New Compact and Wide-band Band-stop Filter Using Rectangular SRR

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.7578
B.; Hassan 1st University Nasiri , A.; Hassan 1st University Errkik , J.; Microwave Group ESEO Angers Zbitou , A.; Hassan 1st University Tajmouati , L. El; Hassan 1st University Abdellaoui , M.; Hassan 1st University Latrach
This paper proposes a novel compact band-stop filter based on Rectangular SRR unit cell. The BSF structure consists of modified microstrip line connected to 50 Ω feed line on both sides and Rectangular-SRR which has been added and located in the center of the proposed design. The R-SRR dimensions are chosen and optimized in order to achieve a resonant frequency in the undesired band. This filter is designed, simulated and optimized using two electromagnetic solvers. The circuit performances have been investigated and found to have an excellent BSF characterized by high power rejection level in the stop-band, low insertion loss in the both pass-bands and compact size. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed BSF achieves a wide fractional bandwidth of 72 % at 2.2GHz.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 110-117
Publish at: 2018-02-01

An Efficient Cloud Scheduling Algorithm for the Conservation of Energy through Broadcasting

10.11591/ijece.v8i1.pp179-188
Kavita Arjun Sultanpure , Abhishek Gupta , L. S. S. Reddy
Method of broadcasting is the well known operation that is used for providing support to different computing protocols in cloud computing. Attaining energy efficiency is one of the prominent challenges, that is quite significant in the scheduling process that is used in cloud computing as, there are fixed limits that have to be met by the system. In this research paper, we are particularly focusing on the cloud server maintenance and scheduling process and to do so, we are using the interactive broadcasting energy efficient computing technique along with the cloud computing server. Additionally, the remote host machines used for cloud services are dissipating more power and with that they are consuming more and more energy. The effect of the power consumption is one of the main factors for determining the cost of the computing resources. With the idea of using the avoidance technology for assigning the data center resources that dynamically depend on the application demands and supports the cloud computing with the optimization of the servers in use.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 179-188
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Frontalis Muscle Strength Calculation Based On 3D Image Using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Confidence Interval

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6490
Hardianto; Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Wibowo , Eko Mulyanto; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Yuniarno , Aris; Universitas Brawijaya Widayati , Mauridhi Hery; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Purnomo
One of the effects of the disorders of nervus VII (n. Facialis) is the damage of facial muscle. The research is needed in order to detect or as the therapies aids on the damage of the VII nerve by measuring the strength of maximum contraction, to help a therapy or detect the damage which caused by the decreasing of the VII nerve function. These measurement is taken from the difference on myofibrin when the contractions, because when the contraction happen, the myofibrin will distend and the difference can be detected as the strength of contraction. From the result of the comparison, EMG with the test result is the shift muscle movement amount of 1.367 up to 4.460. The mean value of rest muscle is in the range of 0.635 with interval at+0.463, on the move muscles the mean value of the muscle moving is in the range of 3,563 with interval at+1,069. This test is linear with the data EMG.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 368-375
Publish at: 2018-02-01

A Dual-band Microstrip Slotted Antenna for UHF and Microwave RFID Readers

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.7310
Ahmed El; Hassan 1st University Hamraoui , El Hassane; Hassan 1st University Abdelmounim , Jamal; Hassan 1st University Zbitou , Laarbi; Hassan 1st University Elabdellaoui , Hamid; Moulay Ismail University, Meknes Bennis , Mohamed; Microwave Group Latrach
In this paper a new and simple dual-band microstrip slot antenna design combined with two inverted L-shaped slots integrated in the radiating patch is presented. This antenna is suitable for operating at 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz in order to cover the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) frequencies bands. By optimizing the structure design, good performances in term of return loss radiation pattern and efficiency are achieved. The simulation results were obtained by using ADS and CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic solvers. The proposed antenna is mounted on an FR4 substrate with dielectric permittivity constant 4.4, thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.025 and a total area of 48×47 mm2. The design methodology used to achieve the dual-band antenna and both experimental, simulated results are presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 94-101
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Macro-Bending Loss of Single-Mode Fiber Beyond Its Operating Wavelength

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6666
Dwi; Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Bayuwati , Tomi Budi; Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Waluyo
A standard telecommunication-grade single-mode optical fiber is designed to have a low macro-bending loss in its entire operating wavelengths to comply with the ITU-T Recommendation G.652. In this paper, we described the potential use of such a fiber as an intensity-based sensor due to the macro-bending loss as an alternative to using a bending-sensitive fiber. We calculated the macro-bending loss of several single-mode optical fiber patchcords using the classical Marcuse equation at several wavelengths, and measured its transmission loss due to bending using an optical spectrum analyzer. For each type of fibers there is a wavelength with a significant macro-bending loss of the LP11 mode when the V-number of the fiber lies between 2.4 and 4, and that of the LP01 mode when the V-number of the fiber lies between 1 and 2.4. This work shows a thorough mathematical and experimental analysis for the posibility in using standard telecommunication fibers for intensity based-fiber sensor taking the benefit of bending loss phenomenon using commercial light sources.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 142-150
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Structural and Optical properties of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified by DBD Plasma at Atmospheric Pressure

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.5945
Norain; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Sahari , Zolkafle; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Buntat , Zulkifli; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Azman , Zainuddin; Universitas Sriwijaya Nawawi , Muhammad Abu Bakar; Universitas Sriwijaya Sidik , Muhammad Irfan; Universitas Sriwijaya Jambak
Structure, chemical, and physical properties of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) after modification by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure is investigated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman and Uv-vis-NIR spectroscopy. Effects of plasma treatment time on MWCNTs are analyzed. TEM result shows that during the short period of plasma treatment time of 5 minutes, the tube surface experienced a few damages. With increase in plasma treatment time, the tube surface is damaged to a certain extent. Intensity ratio, ID/IG through Raman analysis shows a good agreement with TEM. The values of ID/IG of the modified MWCNTs are larger than those of pristine MWCNTs. An increase of ID/IG indicates that considerable defects are produced on the surfaces of MWCNTs. The treated MWCNTs has energy band gap compared to zero band gap of untreated MWCNTs. It is believed that the defect site of MWCNTs can modify the electronics properties of MWCNTs from being metallic to semiconducting structure, which is applicable for almost all electronics device applications.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 61-68
Publish at: 2018-02-01

High Frequency Transformer for Ship Electrical Power System

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i2.pp347-350
AnuPriya K R , Sasilatha T
The system represented during this paper uses 3 matrix converters and a high frequency electrical device to attain isolation and voltage transformation from primary to secondary aspect. Two matrix converters manufacture high frequency voltage across a transformer, with open all over primary. a 3rd matrix device converts the high frequency cut voltage to line frequency. The non-idealities like outflow inductance of the electrical device have a big impact on the device performance. This paper studies the impact of outflow inductance on the regulation of the output voltage of the device. The simulation study has been carried out in SIMULINK and also the results are presented.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 347-350
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Analysis of S2 (Spherical) Geometry Library Algorithm for GIS Geocoding Engineering

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6985
Risma; Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Jakarta Ekawati , Untung; Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Jakarta Suprihadi
Geocoding is a common technique to transform address information into digital latitude/longitude format. One of the engineering conversions can be used is Google Maps based on S2 (Spherical) Geometry Library algorithm. This journal explains the quality analysis of the algorithm using geocoding quality matrix testing from hundreds of address data samples particularly on three cities in Indonesia-Jakarta, Bandung, and Balikpapan. However, the result of this research concludes that completeness of address information will affect its overall fourth matrix quality and the linkages of it such as transform success rate, landmark exactness, the score of accuracy and range of radius in meter.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 334-342
Publish at: 2018-02-01

Improving the Performance of Viterbi Decoder using Window System

10.11591/ijece.v8i1.pp611-621
Rekkal Kahina , Abdesselam Bassou
An efficient Viterbi decoder is introduced in this paper; it is called Viterbi decoder with window system. The simulation results, over Gaussian channels, are performed from rate 1/2, 1/3 and 2/3 joined to TCM encoder with memory in order of 2, 3. These results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the classical Viterbi by a gain of 1 dB. On the other hand, we propose a function called RSCPOLY2TRELLIS, for recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) encoder which creates the trellis structure of a recursive systematic convolutional encoder from the matrix “H”. Moreover, we present a comparison between the decoding algorithms of the TCM encoder like Viterbi soft and hard, and the variants of the MAP decoder known as BCJR or forward-backward algorithm which is very performant in decoding TCM, but depends on the size of the code, the memory, and the CPU requirements of the application.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 611-621
Publish at: 2018-02-01

The Quality of the New Generator Sequence Improvent to Spread the Color System’s Image Transmission

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6583
Mohamed; University of Science and Technology of Oran Krim , Adda; University of Sciences and Technology of Oran Algeria Ali Pacha , Naima; University of Science and Technology of Oran Hadj Said
This paper shows a new technic applicable for the digital devices that are the result of the finite’s effect precision in the chaotic dynamics used in the coupled technic and the chaotic map’s perturbation technics used for the generation of a Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNGs).The use of the pseudo- chaotic sequences coupled to the orbit perturbation method in the chaotic logistic map and the NewPiece-Wise Linear Chaotic Map (NPWLCM). The pseudo random number generator’s originality proposed from the perturbation of the chaotic recurrence. Furthermore the outputs of the binary sequences with NPWLCM are reconstructed conventionally with the Bernoulli’s sequences shifts map to change the shapes with the bitwise permetation then the results in simulation are shown in progress.After being perturbed, the chaotic system can generate the chaotic binary sequences in uniform distribution and the statistical properties invulnerable analysis. This generator also has many advantages in the possible useful applications of spread spectrum digitalimages, such as sensitive secret keys, random uniform distribution of pixels in Crypto system in secure and synchronize communication.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 402-414
Publish at: 2018-02-01
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