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27,438 Article Results

Novel ROADM modelling with WSS and OBS to Improve Routing Performance in Optical Network

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp666-673
Kavitha G.R , Indumathi T.S
The area of optical network is on constant point of focus among the research communities owing to potential advantage of long distance communication as well as the routing issues associated with it. Majority of the implemented techniques calls for using expensive hardware or adopting narrowed technical assumptions, for which reason the routing performance couldn’t be optimized to a large extent. The present manuscript proposes a novel technique called as Optimized Routing for Peak Traffic under the scenario of uncertainties in the existing traffic scenario. The proposed solution presents some potential principle that is incorporated in the ROADM design for enhancing the capabilities of the proposed system.  The system is evaluated under multiple scenarios of analysis using blocking probabilities, OSNR, bit error rate, iteration etc. The outcome of the proposed system is compared with the one of the existing significant study to benchmark it.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 666-673
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Evaluating the Impact of Transmission Range on the Performance of VANET

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp800-809
Akram A. Almohammedi , Nor K. Noordin , Sabri Saeed
Recently, interest in the field of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) has grown among research community to improve traffic safety and efficiency on the roads. Despite the many advantages, the transmission range in vehicular network remains one of the major challenges due to the unique characteristics of VANETs such as various communication environments, highly dynamic topology, high node mobility and traffic density. The network would suffer from a broadcast-storm in high vehicular density when a fixed transmission range in VANET is used, while in sparse vehicular density the network could be disconnected frequently. In this paper, we evaluated the impact of different transmission ranges and number of flows formed between vehicles in a highway scenario using AODV as routing protocol. In order to validate the simulation of VANET, traffic and network simulators (SUMO & NS-2) have been used. The performance was evaluated in terms of packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay. The simulation results have shown that better performance was achieved in term of higher PDR and lower end-to-end delay for less than 500 meters transmission range. On the contrary, the PDR started to decrease and end-to-end delay increased when the transmission range exceeded 500 meters. The performance degraded as the number of flows increased.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 800-809
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Single Phase Variable Sampling Phase Locked Loop using Composite Observer

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp49-60
K Arun , K Selvajyothi
An observer based variable sampling period phase locked loop is introduced for grid connected systems. The composite observer acts as an efficient estimator of the fundamental components from a periodic input signal rich in DC and harmonics. The observer gains are designed using pole placement technique, which inherently ensures the stability of this estimator.  Even under drift frequency, a constant number of samples (512) per cycle are maintained with the help of the numerically controlled oscillator. This makes the oscillator gain elements in the observer a constant and eliminates the trigonometric computation. This phase locked loop is found to be working in a wide range of frequency 40 – 70Hz. The performance of the proposed scheme is studied with a synthetic harmonic rich signal as well as validated by implementing the PLL in Cyclone IV FPGA with a real time grid voltage.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 49-60
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Behaviour of a High Frequency Parallel Quasi Resonant Inverter Fitted Induction Heater with Different Switching Frequencies

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp447-457
Avijit Chakraborty , Pradip Kumar Sadhu , Kallol Bhaumik , Palash Pal , Nitai Pal
This paper investigates the behavior of a high frequency parallel quasiresonantinverter fitted domestic induction heater with different switching frequencies. The power semiconductor switch Insulated Gate Bipolar Junction Transistor (IGBT) is incorporated in this high frequency inverter that can operate under ZVS and ZCS conditions during the switching operations at certain switching frequency to reduce switching losses. The proposed induction heating system responds to three different switching frequencies with providing different results. An Insulated Gate Bipolar Junction Transistor (IGBT) provides better efficiency and faster switching operations. After the complete study of the proposed induction heating system at the selected switching frequencies, the results are compared and it is decided that most reliable, efficient and effective operations from the proposed induction heater can be obtained if the switching frequency is selected slightly above the resonant frequency of the tank circuit of the resonant inverter. The proposed scheme is analyzed using Power SystemSimulator (PSIM) environment.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 447-457
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based On a DFIG Controlled By Indirect Vector Using PWM And SVM

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp549-559
Naim Cherfia , Djallel Kerdoun
A well-prepared abstract enables the reader to identify the basic content of a document quickly and accurately,). This work presents consideration and use of the asynchronous generator in the production of wind energy. To do this, a model of the wind turbine has been established, the mathematical model of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) variable speed is presented and the control quantities used when integrated with a wind system. A modeling in a diphasic reference mark related to the stator field and a strategy vector control active and reactive power are offered with a PWM and SVM technique for inverter control is considered in our work.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 549-559
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Attack Detection in a Rule-Based System Using Fuzzy Spiking Neural P System

10.11591/ijict.v5i1.pp11-20
Kazeem Idowu Rufai
The virtual area of communication known as cyber space brought about by the debut of the internet has enabled some cyber crimes – ‘Intrusion’ inclusive. So, efforts are being geared towards ensuring that reliable and efficient Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are developed to curtail this menace. However, Spiking Neural P (SN P) systems have been established as a class of distributed parallel computing models. So, in this paper, a novel network intrusion prediction model based on trapezoidal Fuzzy Reasoning Spiking Neural P (tFRSN P) system, is implemented for the very first time for the detection of intrusion. tFRSN P system is an extension of SN P system. It has a graphical modeling advantage which makes it well suited for fuzzy reasoning as well as fuzzy knowledge representation using If-Then rules. The dynamic firing power of neurons is harnessed in a simple parallel matrix-based fuzzy reasoning format to generate inferences. To establish the effectiveness of this approach especially in the area of speed of parallel reasoning and the handling of uncertainties, detection of Brute Force Attack (BFA) is used for demonstration. From the crisp results (0.0431, 0.0414, 0.4453, 0.1703 and 0.0414) obtained, it shows that the parallel processing capability of tFRSN P system could be used to rapidly reason and analyze the severity (possibility of an attack) from any network data.
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Page: 11-20
Publish at: 2016-04-01

A Model Driven Framework for Portable Cloud Services

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp708-716
Aparna Vijaya , Neelanarayanan V
Cloud Computing is an evolving technology as it offers significant benefits like pay only for what you use, scale the resources according to the needs and less in-house staff and resources. These benefits have resulted in tremendous increase in the number of applications and services hosted in the cloud which inturn has resulted in increase in the number of cloud providers in the market. Cloud service providers have a lot of heterogeneity in the resources they use. They have their own servers, different cloud infrastructures, API’s and methods to access the cloud resources. Despite its benefits; lack of standards among service providers has caused a high level of vendor lock-in when a software developer tries to change its cloud provider. In this paper we give an overview on the ongoing and current trends in the area of cloud service portability and we also propose a new cloud portability platform. Our new platform is based on establishing feature models which offers the desired cloud portability. Our solution DSkyL uses feature models and domain model analysis to support development, customization and deployment of application components across multiple clouds. The main goal of our approach is to reduce the effort and time needed for porting applications across different clouds. This paper aims to give an overview on DSkyL.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 708-716
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Statistical Analysis on Preliminary Breakdown Pulses of Positive Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Malaysia

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp844-850
Chin-Leong Wooi , Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek , Noor Azlinda Ahmad , Mehrdad Mokhtari , Behnam Salimi
This aim of this paper is to study the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBP) of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning flashes in Malaysia. There is a difference in PBP characteristics when a comparison is made between positive and negative flashes. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time the PBP characteristics preceding positive lightning in Malaysia are reported. This study was carried out in Johor Bahru, Malaysia using a broadband antenna system during a monsoon period (Oct-Dec, 2012). It is found that the PBP for +CG lightning is much more complicated compared to the positive cloud-to-ground (–CG) lightning since only negative PBP trains are usually present in the –CG lightning.  Out of 21 analyzed positive flashes, four types of PBP trains were identified according to their initial polarities. These are negative PBP (20%), positive PBP (15%), PBP with polarity reversal (10%), and PBP with irregular polarity (15%). The balance 40% of flashes are without any PBP. The effect of geographical region may also cause the observed differences in the cloud discharge processes including the types of PBP. More studies are needed to determine the relationship between the return stroke and PBP.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 844-850
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Apply Optimarin Ballast System for Vietnam’s Fleet to Prevent Sea Pollution from Non-Indigenous Aquatic Species

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp145-150
Dinh-Chien Dang , Ming-Hung Shu , Bi-Min Hsu , Thanh-Lam Nguyen , Phung-Kim Truong , Viet-Thanh Nguyen
Marine species are usually transported from one area to another by the ballast water used to provide safe operation for vessels. After entering a new environment, they may cause damage to the local ecosystem, leading to the disruptions of the entire marine ecosystem, and seriously affecting not only biodiversity but also several industries such as fishing and aquaculture. Therefore, the United Nations (UN) considers the presence of non-indigenous oceanic species to be one of the top four serious threats to the global environment; and, how to effectively control the non-indigenous aquatic species has captivated the special attentions of several scientists worldwide. With the significant development in the maritime industry, strict requirements the control and management of ships’ ballast water and sediments set by The UN's International Maritime Organization (IMO) have well shaped the trend in installing ballast water treatment systems. Among them, Optimarin Ballast System is preferably used in practice. However, currently, Vietnam’s fleets use a different chemical method which is not utilized elsewhere in the world. Because it is not environmentally friendly and its effectiveness hasn’t been validated yet, this paper suggests the application of OBS in the Vietnam’s fleet in order to prevent sea pollution from non-indigenous aquatic species and minimize its associated negative impacts as well as make the Vietnam’s fleet comply with IMO requirements in protecting the global environment for sustainable development.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 145-150
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Induced Voltages on a Gas Pipeline due to Lightning Strikes on Nearby Overhead Transmission Line

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp495-503
Ali I Elgayar , Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the severity of lightning induced voltages on a gas pipeline installed in parallel with overhead transmission line using two different simulation packages. The results from this study using CDEGS, which solves a given problem based on electromagnetic computations, reveal that the induced voltages on the pipeline are more accurate compared to that obtained by PSCAD simulation, which is based on the circuit approach. Unlike PSCAD, CDEGS considers many salient factors such as soil model, inductive, capacitive and conductive couplings, and multiple soil structures.  Models of a double circuit 132kV transmission line, gas pipelines, soil with different resistivities and variable lightning surges were developed. The effects of pipelines located at various heights above ground and distance of pipeline from the power lines were also studied. Compared to previously published work using PSCAD, it is found that CDEGS has given more accurate results. Several findings which were not possible using PSCAD were observed such as the effect of soil structure on induced voltage and multiple layers soil. This also led to better understanding of the conductive coupling from lightning strikes and fault conditions. The modeling work using CDEGS not only useful for providing more reliable data for further protection and mitigation techniques, but is  also very versatile to study the effects of various other important factors affecting the induced voltage on the pipelines. 
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 495-503
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Integration of Frequency Dependent Soil Electrical Properties in Grounding Electrode Circuit Model

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp792-799
Mehrdad Mokhtari , Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek , Chin Leong Wooi
The effect of frequency dependent soil properties on the impedance and transient response of the grounding electrode was investigated. The frequency dependent soil models as proposed by Scott, Smith-Longmire, and Visacro-Alipio were critically reviewed. A novel method was proposed to integrate the frequency dependent soil electrical properties in the circuit model of grounding electrode. To validate the application of the method in circuit model, the voltage responses of the grounding electrode obtained by the circuit and electromagnetic models were compared. The voltage responses obtained by the circuit and electromagnetic models were in excellent agreement in terms of voltage peaks and wave shapes. The differences between voltage peaks obtained by the circuit and electromagnetic models were found less than 1%.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 792-799
Publish at: 2016-04-01

A Novel Method Based on Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization for Recloser Placement with Load Model Consideration in Distribution System

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp1-10
Sina Khajeh Ahmad Attari , Mohammad Bakhshipour , Mahmoudreza Shakarami , Farhad Namdari
This paper proposed a novel technique based on teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm in order to find optimal placement of reclosers in the distribution networks which is applied to improve reliability. Reclosers use to eliminate transient faults, faults isolation, network management and enhance reliability to reduce customer outages. According to recloser role in network reliability, the cost for the installation and maintenance must be sustained by distribution companies. Therefore, selecting sufficient number and suitable location for reclosers are important issue. In this paper, the proposed objective function for optimal recloser number and placement has been formulated to improve three reliability indices which consists of three terms; i.e. System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and Average Energy Not Supplied (AENS). Besides the load model effectiveness has been considered to the simulation. To verify the efficiency of proposed method, it has been conducted to IEEE 69-bus radial distribution system. The obtained simulation results demonstrate the reliability improvement.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 1-10
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Economic Valuation of Power and Energy Losses in Distribution Networks

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp439-446
Smajo Bisanovic , Mersiha Samardzic , Damir Aganovic
This paper presents a framework for determining the price of power and energy at each node in distribution network as well as the price of energy losses in their elements. The proposed framework is based on the concept of the radial structure network and gives one approach to solving the pricing problem that is based on purchase price of power and energy at the network supply point. In this way it is possible to determine the economic value of energy losses whether in the network as a whole or in particular voltage levels. The model has been successfully tested and results from test studies are reported.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 439-446
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Implementation of High Security Cryptographic System with Improved Error Correction and Detection Rate using FPGA

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp602-610
Narendra Babu T , Fazal Noorbasha , Leenendra Chowdary Gunnam
In this article, an encryption algorithm with an error detection technique is presented for highly secured reliable data transmission over unreliable communication channels. In this algorithm, an input data is mapped into orthogonal code first. After that the code is encrypted with the help of Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). The technique has been successfully verified and synthesized using Xilinx by Spartan-3E FPGA. The results show that the error detection rate has been increased to 100% by proposed encryption scheme is effective and improves bandwidth efficiency.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 602-610
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Insights on Extent of Effectiveness, Trend, and Gap in Existing Frameworks for e-Procurement System

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp751-758
N Madhusudan , L. Manjunatha Rao
With the advancement of technologies, the organization and business applications are witnessed with the increasing trends to adopt cut edge technologies to normalize their business process.  However, this trend was not observed much on the e-Procurement system, where the existing users still place the purchase order using conventional web-based approach that cannot address various ongoing challenges in eProcurement system. This paper attempts to review the existing trends and challenges of web-based eProcurement system and discusses that with the adoption of cloud computing as present trend, such ongoing issues of eProcurement can be addressed. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the existing techniques with interpretation of research gap.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 751-758
Publish at: 2016-04-01
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