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28,451 Article Results

Chaos Based Image Encryption using Expand-Shrink Concept

10.11591/ijict.v3i2.pp103-112
Naveenkumar S K , Panduranga H T , Kiran P
Image information security plays a vital role in computing and communication technologies. This paper describes a new concept of expand and shrink to enhance the strength of chaos based image encryption technique. This method consists of both permutations as well as substitution process for image scrambling and encryption. In permutation plain image is shuffled using chaos technique. Input image undergo two times chaos permutation in-between expand and shrink process leads to substitution. Permutation decreases the correlation between the pixel and substitution increases the entropy of encrypted image. Proposed encryption technique works for both gray-scale and color image. From the experiment highly scrambled image is obtained at the end of encryption process. Decryption process employs exactly reverse process of encryption which results in the reconstructed images.
Volume: 3
Issue: 2
Page: 103-112
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Three Decades of Development in DOA Estimation Technology

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp6297-6312
Zeeshan Ahmad , Iftikhar Ali
This paper presents a brief overview of narrowband direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms and techniques. A comprehensive study is carried out in this paper to investigate and evaluate the performance of variety of algorithms for DOA estimation.  Two categories of DOA estimation algorithms are considered for discussion which are Classical methods and Subspace based techniques. Classical methods include Sum-and-Delay method and Capon’s Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) while Subspace based techniques are multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and The Minimum Norm Technique. Also ESPIRIT technique is evaluated. Inefficiencies are pointed out and solutions are suggested to overcome these shortfalls. Simulation results shows that the MUSIC algorithm is able to better represent the DOAs of signals with more prominent peaks. The Min-Norm algorithm also identifies the DOAs of signals similar to the MUSIC algorithm, but produces spurious peaks at other locations. The MVDR method identifies the DOAs of signals, but the locations are not represented by sharp peaks, due to spectral leakage. The classical beamformer also produces several spurious peaks. MUSIC show higher accuracy and resolution than the other algorithms. It should be noted that MUSIC is more applicable because it can be used for different array geometries.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 6297-6312
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Estimation of Voltage Sag Loss Based on Blind Number Theory

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5932-5937
Fan Li-Guo , Zhang Yan-Xia
Serious power quality issues and huge economic loss can be caused by voltage sag. It’s helpful for grid corporation to estimate voltage sag loss. Voltage sag and influence of sensitive equipment are analyzed in the paper. An estimation method of voltage sag loss based on blind number theory is proposed, which takes the sag magnitude and duration as its main characteristic parameters. First euclid distance and relative close degree between the sag magnitude and duration of voltage sag samples and threshold values is calculated based on TOPSIS. According to relative similarity degree，probable value, credibility and mean value of voltage sag loss are then calculated and influence of uncertainty factor can be considered. Example analysis shows that loss estimation method is a feasible and applicable for most sensitive equipments.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5932-5937
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Valuing Semantic Similarity

https://ijeecs.iaescore.com/index.php/IJEECS/article/view/3760
Abdoulahi Boubacar , Zhendong Niu
Similarity is a tool widely used in various domains such as DNA sequence analysis, knowledge representation, natural language processing, data mining, information retrieval, and information flow. Computing semantic similarity between two entities is a non-trivial task. There are many ways to define semantic similarity. Some measures have been proposed combining both statistical information and lexical similarity. It is difficult for a measure that performs well in a given domain to be applied with accuracy in another domain. Similarity measure may perform better with one language than another. Word is supposed to be not only similar to itself but also to some of its synonyms in a given context and some words with common roots. Our approach is designed to perform query matching and compute semantic relatedness using word occurrences. It performs better than classical measures like TF-IDF and Cosine. Although it is not a metric, the proposed similarity measure can be used for a wide range of content analysis tasks based on semantic distance and its efficacy has been demonstrated. The measure is not corpus dependent so it can establish directly the semantic relatedness of two entities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i8.6034 
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 6361-6368
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Separation of Digital Audio Signals using Least-Mean-Square (LMS) Adaptive Algorithm

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/5531
Kayode F. Akingbade , Isiaka A. Alimi
Adaptive filtering is one of the fundamental technologies in digital signal processing (DSP) in today’s communication systems and it has been employed in a wide range of applications such as adaptive noise cancellation, adaptive equalization, and echo cancellation.Signal separation remains a task that has called for attention in digital signal processing and different techniques have been employed in order to achieve efficient and accurateresult. Implementation of adaptive filtering can separate wanted and interference signals so as to improve performance of communication systems. In the light of this, this paper usesa least-mean-square (LMS) adaptive algorithm for separation of audio signals.The simulated results show that the designed LMS based adaptive filtering techniqueconverge faster than conventional LMS adaptive filter.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i4.6219
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 557-560
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Cost Effective Automated Street Lighting Control

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/5554
Jinwen Zhu , Christopher Raison
Roads and their lighting systems are important facilities of local municipals. Most conventional street lighting systems are switched on/off at regular intervals of time. The consequence is that a large portion of electrical energy consumed by the street lighting is wasted meaninglessly if the road traffic is low. With the increasing interest in the global energy consumption and green environment requirement, automated street lighting system raises much interest around the world. In this paper, a cost effective and energy efficient automated street light control based on microcontroller and ZigBee wireless network is proposed. The street lamps are automatically controlled with the ambient light conditions, the road pedestrian and vehicle traffic conditions, and the neighbor traffic conditions.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i5.6446
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 637-642
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Electric Field and Thermal Properties of Wet Cable: Using FEM

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5954-5962
Sushman Kumar Kanikella
A Single phase medium voltage power cable (XLPE)  buried in soil and it can be used to investigate electric field, potential distribution and increased temperature of the cable insulation with rising load currents, are known to accelerate the formation of water and electric trees in cables which ultimately lead to cables failure. To determine the thermal and electrical behavior of a given wet cable installation. The work presented in this paper involves the use of COMSOL multiphysics Finite Element software to develop an integrated electrical, thermal model with 3 micro meter water bubble radius. The presence of water tree results in the reduction of their dielectric strength. Here the Finite Element simulation technique is used to 11 kV and 20 kV power cables. A model that illustrates the water-dielectric interface within the cable insulation system is proposed.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5954-5962
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Infrared Image Segmentation using Adaptive FCM Algorithm Based on Potential Function

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp6230-6237
Jin Liu , Haiying Wang , Shaohua Wang
Traditional Fuzzy C-means segmentation algorithm requires to set clustering number in advance, and to calculate image clustering center by the iterative arithmetic. So the traditional algorithm is sensitive to the initial value and the computation complexity is high. In order to improve the traditional Fuzzy C-means algorithm, this paper presents an infrared image segmentation method using adaptive Fuzzy C-means algorithm based on potential function. The presented algorithm can directly determine the optimal clustering number and clustering center for infrared image to be segmented by the potential function. After calculating the membership matrix of pixels in the infrared image by the fuzzy theory, the final segmented image is obtained through the fuzzy clustering. The experiments show that the presented algorithm in the paper could determine the optimal clustering number of the infrared image adaptively, and ensure the accuracy of segmentation, while significantly reducing the computation speed and complexity of the algorithm.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 6230-6237
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Reliability Analysis of Surge Arrester Location Effect in High voltage substations

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5814-5826
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini , Mohammad Mirzaie , Taghi Barforoshi
High voltage substations as pivotal sections of power network play an important role in power network because of supplying electrical energy for consumers. In recent years with increment of electricity consumption and complexity of power system, the substation stability and protection against various faults or overvoltages has been a big concern. Surge arresters as protective device has the responsibility of attenuating overvoltage due to lightning or switching occurring in transmission or distribution system. Absence or failure of arresters inside or near substations can lead to load interruption and great outage in the system. Therefore their presence is indispensable. Demonstrating the surge arresters presence necessity and evaluating their failure impact during normal operating condition and overvoltage in different scenarios of arrester location and lightning surge position in view point of EMTP simulation and reliability technique is the purpose of this paper.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5814-5826
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Slip Enhancement in Continuously Variable Transmission by Using Adaptive Fuzzy Logic and LQR Controller

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp6101-6110
Ma Shuyuan , Sameh Bdran , Saifullah Samo , Jie Huang
Enhancement of fuel consumption and transmission efficiency needs a continuous improved variator performance in continuously variable transmission (CVT). This paper focuses on the improvement of aslip controller for a hydraulically actuated metal push-belt continuously variable transmission (CVT), using model for variator dynamic in the CVT. The slip control purpose is to improve the performance of variator andto increase the efficiency of CVT by determination the line pressure which generates the clamping force. The selection of slip reference-point is taken at the transition region between the micro and macro slip region to guarantee the maximum variator efficiency. The adaptive fuzzy logic control (FLC) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controllers are applied to control the clamping force. The proposed control systems are designed to ensure the existence of a slip values within the region, which has the traction coefficient maximum value, while the load disturbances caused by suddenly changed torques in the drive lines. These approaches have potential for the CVT efficiency improvement, as compared to PID controller. The adaptive fuzzy logic control technique uses a simple group of membership functions and rules to achieve the desired control requirements of slip in CVT. Simulation results show that satisfactory slip improvement is achieved together with good robustness against suddenly changed torques. It is further revealed that all adaptive fuzzy logic control and LQR controller have a valuable effect on minimizing the slip amount and maximize the variator efficiency.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 6101-6110
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Effect of Maximum Voltage Angle on Three-Level Single Phase Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverter Performance

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5886-5896
M. Irwanto , M.R. Mamat , N. Gomesh , Y.M. Irwan
This paper presented a new topology of three-level single phase transformerless photovoltaic inverter (TPVI). It consisted of three main circuits; they were a pulse driver circuit, a full bridge inverter circuit and a power factor correction (PFC) circuit that had functions as production of pulse waves, to develop alternating current (AC) waveform and to stabilize voltage of photovoltaic (PV) array, respectively.  In this research, AC three-level waveform single phase TPVI was developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P with varied maximum voltage angle from 200 to 1800 and observed on 28th February 2014 between  9.00  am to 17.00 pm, and also analyzed effect of maximum voltage angle on the three-level single phase TPVI performance.  The result showed that maximum voltage angles of the TPVI effected on root mean square value of AC voltage, current and power. If the maximum voltage angle was increased, therefore value of the AC voltage, current and power would increase. The maximum voltage angle would effect on the current total harmonic distortion (CTHD), the lowest CTHD of 15.448% was obtained when the maximum voltage angle was 1340
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5886-5896
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Optimal Location of Wind Turbines in a Wind Farm using Genetic Algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5869-5876
C.Balakrishna Moorthy , M.K. Deshmukh , Darshana Mukherejee
In the present study, genetic algorithm has been used to resolve the placement of wind turbines in a wind park giving maximum power and efficiency with minimum number of turbines. Unlike past approaches where each plot was subdivided into smaller square grids at the centre of which a turbine can be placed, the present study does not require division of the plot. Thus, a turbine now has more flexibility to be placed anywhere outside a radius of 200m of each other yielding better results. The case of unidirectional uniform wind is considered and 600 individuals evolve 3000 generations. Along with the optimal layout, fitness value, total power output, efficiency and number of turbines have also been reported. Comparison with results of earlier study and possible explanation is also provided.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5869-5876
Publish at: 2014-08-01

A New Particle Filter Algorithm with Correlative Noises

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp6164-6172
Qin Lu-Fang , Li Wei , Sun Tao , Li Jun , Cao Jie
The standard particle filter (SPF) requirements system noise and measurement noise must be independent. In order to overcome this limit, a new kind of correlative noise particle filter (CN-PF) algorithm is proposed. In this new algorithm, system state model with correlative noise is established, and the noise related proposal distribution function characteristics were analyzed in detail. At last, the concrete form of the best proposal distribution function is derived based on the condition of the minimum variance of importance weight with the assumption of gaussian noise. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed new algorithm.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 6164-6172
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Grid-connected Photovoltaic Power Systems and Power Quality Improvement Based on Active Power Filter

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5861-5868
Brahim Berbaoui , Samira Dib , Rachid Dehini
This paper presents a Parallel Active Power Filter (PAPF) using Photovoltaic cells Energy to feed linear or nonlinear loads with current perturbations compensation and the excess of the energy is injected into the mains. As a result of using instantaneous p-q theory as a control scheme, the multi-function operation such as harmonic elimination, reactive power control and uninterruptible power supply will be achieved. The system consisting of Photovoltaic cells, connected to a diode rectifier feeding a parallel active power filter is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The simulation results prove the efficiency of using the proposed method for Photovoltaic cells energy injection and power quality improvement in the grid power system.
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5861-5868
Publish at: 2014-08-01

Case Study of line loss Reduction in TNEB Power Grid

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i8.pp5847-5853
S. Sambath , P. Palanivel , C. Subramani , S.P.K. Babu , J. Arputhavijayaselvi
Unbundling of Electricity Boards in India into small units (corporations) have created opportunities for involvement of independent power generation companies. Remarkable achievements and improvements are expected in power quality especially in the southern part of the country where more power shortage, power quality low and serious power losses along the transmission and distribution lines of the power system. The power system utilities are increasing every day, to enhance the distribution power quality and maintain the voltage stability is a challenging task in the complex distribution. This can be achieved through the Distributed Generation (DG). DGs are the final link between the high voltage transmission and the consumers. This will effectively improve the active power loss reduction. This paper represents the technique to enhance the power qualities and minimize power losses in a distribution feeder by optimizing DG model in terms of size, location and operating point of DG. The proposed technique has been developed with considering load characteristics and representing constant current model. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is tested and verified using MATLAB software on long radial distribution system in Tamil Nadu (India).
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Page: 5847-5853
Publish at: 2014-08-01
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