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30,411 Article Results

Predictive modelling of osteoporosis and effect of BMI on the risk of fracture in femur bone using COMSOL Multiphysics: a computational modelling approach

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i1.pp89-100
Aleena Kamal , Minahil Kamal , Mashal Fatima , Syed Muddusir Hussain , Jawwad Sami Ur Rahman , Sathish Kumar Selvaperumal
This study explores the intricate relationship between osteoporosis, body mass index (BMI), and the risk of femur fractures using computational modeling. Osteoporosis is a silent metabolic disorder that depletes bone density and structure, significantly increasing the risk of fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones such as the femur. To analyze the impact of mechanical stress on osteoporotic bones, COMSOL Multiphysics was utilized to simulate stress distribution in a femur under varying BMI conditions, providing valuable insights into how BMI influences bone health and fracture risk. A three-dimensional (3D) femur model was designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software, with specific material properties assigned for both healthy and osteoporotic bones. Finite element analysis was conducted by applying different load conditions, representing body weight, on the femur head. The results highlighted stress distribution and deformation patterns, identifying regions most prone to fracture. The findings demonstrate that while higher BMI typically correlates with increased bone density, it also leads to greater deformation in osteoporotic bones under stress, emphasizing the complex interplay between BMI and bone strength. These insights underscore BMI’s critical role in fracture risk management. Future research should incorporate advanced fracture mechanics models and clinical data to enhance predictive accuracy and develop targeted strategies for fracture prevention in osteoporotic patients.
Volume: 39
Issue: 1
Page: 89-100
Publish at: 2025-07-01

Banking security and performance of islamic banks in middle east: the role of regulatory quality

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i1.pp691-699
Mohammed Abd-Akarim Almomani , Adai Al-Momani
Transaction security is critical for the reputation and trust of banks. Few studies examined how transaction security can impact the financial performance of Islamic banks in developing countries with mixed results emerging in the literature. The research examines how transaction security affects bank financial performance. Three indicators are used to measure the financial performance and includes return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q. Regulatory quality are proposed as a moderating variable. Data was collected from 59 banks in MENA between 2015 and 2022. The results showed that transaction security affected positively ROE and Tobin’s Q. However, there is no significant effect on ROA. Regulatory quality moderated only the effect of transaction security on ROE and Tobin’s Q. Enhance the transaction security and improving the regulatory quality will enhance the financial performance of banks in MENA.
Volume: 39
Issue: 1
Page: 691-699
Publish at: 2025-07-01

Autonomous driving system and system hacking protection using V2X communication

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i1.pp131-138
Eugene Rhee , Junhee Cho
In this paper, a new autonomous driving system is proposed and problems such as systematic errors that may occur in the autonomous driving system were solved through vehicle to everything (V2X) communication technology. In the actual driving environment, accidents caused by the absence of communication between drivers and communication with infrastructure are frequently exposed. To solve these problems, a system was established that linked V2X communication with a vehicle system. In order to predict and study how this technology works in real traffic situations, it requires a lot of time, manpower, and funds because it requires building an environment similar to real traffic situations and using measuring equipment. For this reason, the system was built with simple model, and the research was conducted through simple simulation. In addition, as network technology and sensing technology for autonomous vehicles develop, the risk of hacking is also increasing. In this paper, various expected attack paths and methods that can hack autonomous vehicles are explained, and methods for defending them are presented.
Volume: 39
Issue: 1
Page: 131-138
Publish at: 2025-07-01

Enhancing TV program success prediction using machine learning by integrating people meter audience metrics with digital engagement metrics

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i1.pp353-363
Khalid El Fayq , Said Tkatek , Lahcen Idouglid
With the emergence of numerous media services on the internet, television (TV) remains a highly demanded medium in terms of reliability and innovation, despite intense competition that compels us to devise strategies for maintaining audience engagement. A key indicator of a TV channel’s success is its reach, representing the percentage of the target audience that views the broadcasts. To aid TV channel managers, the industry is exploring new methods to predict TV reach with greater accuracy. This paper investigates the potential of advanced machine learning models in predicting TV program success by integrating people meter audience metrics with digital engagement metrics. Our approach combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for processing digital engagement data, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for capturing temporal dependencies, and gaussian processes (GPs) for modeling uncertainties. Our results demonstrate that the best-performing hybrid model achieves a prediction accuracy of 95%. This study contributes to the field by addressing manual scheduling errors, financial losses, and decreased viewership, providing a more comprehensive understanding of audience behavior and enhancing predictive accuracy through the integration of diverse data sources and advanced machine learning techniques.
Volume: 39
Issue: 1
Page: 353-363
Publish at: 2025-07-01

Machine learning methods for energy sector in internet of things

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp538-545
Reyhane Hafezifard , Soodeh Hosseini
This research paper focuses on exploring machine learning studies and conducting a comparative analysis of their advantages, disadvantages, implementation environments, and algorithms. A key aspect of the study involves evaluating the energy efficiency using machine learning algorithms to predict energy consumption. Additionally, a feature selection algorithm is employed to rank the features, with the highest-ranking feature identified as one of the most significant. The experimentation is conducted using the Weka tool, incorporating several machine learning algorithms such as linear regression, k-nearest neighbors, decision stump, radial basis function (RBF) network, and isotonic regression. The RBF algorithm, which relies on RBF, shares similarities with neural network algorithms. Results indicate a minimum error value of 1.546 for cooling load and 1.364 for heating load. The random forest algorithm emerges as the most suitable choice within the context of this study.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 538-545
Publish at: 2025-07-01

A novel approach to transparent and accurate fuel dispensing for consumer protection

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp353-364
Gayatri Phade , Sharada Narsingrao Ohatkar , Murugan Pushpavalli , Vidya Chitre , Vijaya Pawar , Omkar Suresh Vaidya , Harikrishnan Ramachandran
Consumer rights are exploited around the world and it is necessary for to protect consumer rights by means of safeguarding consumers from various unfair trade practices. Those most vulnerable to such exploitation must be shielded, and this is achieved through consumer protection measures. One such example of unethical behavior is fuel stealing at fuel stations. To overcome this critical issue, a low-cost fuel quantity sensing and monitoring system is proposed in this paper. A fuel detection system will ensure the exact quantity of fuel filled in fuel tank and will detect fuel theft, if any, at fuel pumps. An embedded system is developed for this purpose, consisting of sensors, display devices, communication devices and microcontroller. The quantity of fuel filled in the tank is transmitted to mobile phone of the consumer to avoid fuel theft. Performance of the system is validated by comparing the displayed amount of fuel dispensed and actual filled in the tank and achieve 99.95% accuracy. With this consumer right to get the value for amount paid for the petrol will be protected. This novel feature can be added in the fuel tank of the smart vehicle development and design as a future scope.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 353-364
Publish at: 2025-07-01

IoT-based smart agriculture system using fuzzy logic: case study in Vietnam

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp440-451
Le Phuong Truong , Le Nam Thoi
This paper presents an internet of things (IoT)-based smart agriculture system using fuzzy logic. This system automatically supervise and regulate pivotal parameters like temperature, humidity, pH, nutrients (NPK), and electrical conductivity (Ec) for vegetables. Data from the cultivation environment is gathered by sensors system and processed by fuzzy logic algorithms to make appropriate control decisions, ensuring optimal crop growth conditions. Additionally, a web application was developed to monitor temperature, humidity, Ec, pH, and NPK content. Moreover, when any of the NPK, Ec, pH, temperature or humidity indices fall outside allowed ranges, the system send warning notifications through the web application. Furthermore, an IP camera was installed to take images of the garden and send them to users via this web app. Experimental results demonstrate the system's reliability with a pH root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.22 and temperature RMSE of 0.93, corresponding to low errors of 0.034% and 0.056% respectively. Concurrently, this system optimizes resource utilization including water and electricity to assist in reducing production costs.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 440-451
Publish at: 2025-07-01

Blockchain-based decentralized voting system with SHA-256 algorithm and facial recognition

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp481-489
BJD Kalyani , Jaya Krishna Modadugu , Sarabu Neelima
Blockchain technology has completely changed the way data is stored and transactions are verified. It provides a dependable, transparent, and safe medium for communication and transaction validation. In order to solve the drawbacks of conventional electronic voting systems, the goal of this research project is to design a decentralized voting system based on blockchain technology. The suggested method offers an immutable and safe way to record and validate votes by utilizing the security and transparency capabilities of blockchain technology. The suggested approach provides an immutable and safe way to record and validate votes by utilizing the security and transparency capabilities of blockchain technology. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive process for digital identity authentication, create a voter interface that is compatible with Ethereum wallets, and apply smart contracts on the Ethereum network to speed up voter registration, ballot preparation, voting, and result tabulation. Additionally, this paper proposes to build up a multi-factor authentication system for election managers and validators to offer them safe and approved power over the voting process. By carefully examining the existing methods, this research highlights the flaws and weaknesses of traditional electronic voting systems and stresses the need for more trustworthy and secure voting technology. The proposed blockchain-based voting system offers an innovative solution to problems with voter fraud and election manipulation because of its irreversible blockchain record, which gives a high degree of transparency and integrity.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 481-489
Publish at: 2025-07-01

A Custom RISC-V Based Architecture for Real-Time ECG Feature Extraction

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp%p
Vinayak Vikram Shinde , Sheetal Umesh Bhandari , Deepti Snehal Khurge , Satyashil Dasharath Nagarale , Ujwal Ramesh Shirode
The need for small, energy-efficient biomedical signal processing systems has grown along with the popularity of wearable health tracking systems. In order to facilitate real-time processing in wearable health-monitoring devices, this paper presents Register Transfer Level (RTL) design and simulation of a custom architecture for real-time Electrocardiogram (ECG) feature extraction. The architecture includes a Reduced Instruction Set Computer-V (RISC-V) based control core and dedicated hardware blocks such as Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU), Memory, Control Unit for processing ECG signals to extract ECG features such as R-peaks and heart rate. The design flow includes RTL design, synthesis, and validation. It uses ECG datasets and EDA tools. The purpose of this paper is to come up with a small, power-efficient solution for wearable tech to process biomedical data.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page:
Publish at: 2025-06-10

Mental health of working adults: their work and their digital literacy

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25066
Jia Hang Lim , Kususanto Ditto Prihadi , Crendy Yen Teng Tan
The interplay between digital interactions and mental health among working adults is intensifying, driven by the pervasiveness of social media and its potential effects on psychological wellness. This research utilizes a socio-cognitive approach to explore how perceived social support (PSS), work mattering, and work self-efficacy (WSE) mediated by new media literacy (NML) influence general mental health (GMH) in a digital era. Through extensive empirical testing, the study reveals that high levels of NML can directly enhance the positive effects of PSS on GMH, bypassing the need for intermediary states like mattering and self-efficacy. This highlights the critical role of digital skills in moderating social support mechanisms and mental health, suggesting that integrating digital literacy into mental health strategies could be vital for improving workplace well-being in contemporary digitally-focused environments.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 594-602
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Implications of breast cancer healthcare policies and practices on palliative care utilization in Albania over the last decade

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25347
Orjola Pampuri , Henrik Zotaj
Palliative care improves the quality of life for patients with severe diseases like breast cancer. The objective of this study was to describe the variation of age of breast cancer patients (484 in total) who accessed palliative care in Albania in the last 10 years (2014 to 2023). Information on patient age, breast cancer incidence, hospitalization and mortality rates, and breast cancer screening was collected. Descriptive statistics and t-test for unpaired samples to compare the means of age in the study period were used. The average age of patients gradually increased from 2014 to 2019, showing fluctuations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed an increasing trend in 2023. Breast cancer incidence remained stable at approximately 37 cases per 100,000 annually, with significant increases in hospitalization and screening rates over the study period. In conclusion, the gradual increase in the age of breast cancer patients seeking palliative care in Tirana, Albania during the past decade, coupled with slight decrease of mortality rates, stable incidence and increase of hospitalization might be indicators of success of related health policies in Albania, including better diagnostic and treatment strategies, improved treatment efficacy and disease management, ultimately increasing the resilience and adaptability of the healthcare system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 1088-1095
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Striped catfish oil and turmeric extract reduces inflammation in metabolic syndrome rats

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24984
Helvi Desi Mambaya , Muflihatul Muniroh , Diana Nur Afifah , Gemala Anjani , Adriyan Pramono , Mohammad Sulchan
Metabolic syndrome is a growing global health problem. Long-term treatment for metabolic syndrome causes side effects. Therefore, the use of nutraceuticals could also be considered. This study analyzed the effect of the administration of striped catfish oil and turmeric extract on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in metabolic syndrome rats. Metabolic syndrome was induced in rats by administration of high fat fructose diet (HFFD) containing 3 g pork fat (15%), 2 g duck egg yolk (10%), 15 g standard diet (75%), and 2 ml fructose (1%). Thirty rats were randomized into five groups: C1 (normal control group), C2 (metabolic syndrome control group without treatment), P1 (striped catfish oil at 0.08 ml/200 g BW/day), P2 (turmeric extract at 5.04 mg/kg BW/day), P3 (combination of striped catfish oil at 0.08 ml/200 gBW/day and turmeric extract at 5.04 mg/kg BW/day). There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in TNF-α levels and HOMA-IR in treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) compared to C2. The P3 group had the lowest TNF-α levels. Treatment groups had the same potential effect in reducing HOMA-IR. Striped catfish oil, turmeric extract, and their combination reduce inflammation and insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome rats.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 877-885
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Effectiveness of self-management support program for overweight employees: a quasi-experimental study

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24241
Supaporn Leawsoong , Paiboon Pongsaengpan , Dhammawat Ouppawongsapat , Kanchana Piboon
This quasi-experimental research examined the effects of self-management support program on knowledge, exercise and eating behaviors, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference among overweight employees in an industry in Samutprakarn Province, Thailand. Seventy overweight employees aged 20-59 years were equally randomly allocated into either the treatment or control group. Thirty-five overweight employees were in each group. In the 16 weeks, the treatment group was intervened through a selfmanagement support program, while the control group received standard care. Research tools consisted of two parts: a self-management support program and questionnaires. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests. The results after 16 weeks of the self-management program showed that its average scores of knowledges, exercise, and eating behavior were higher than the baseline and control group (p<.05) while scores of waist circumferences and BMI were lower than the baseline (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that the self-management support program had outcomes that not only could improve knowledge, exercise and eating behavior, but also reduce BMI and waist circumference. It is suggested that the self-management support program should be applied in the organization to promote knowledge and modify the health behaviors of overweight employees in other industries.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 643-651
Publish at: 2025-06-01

The relationship of nutrition literacy to nutrition status and differences by gender in Thai high school students

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25365
Nutsima Pathan , Suneerat Yangyuen , Thidarat Somdee
Nutrition literacy (NL) is an indicator of food consumption nutrition status, and the prevalence of overweight among high school students is increasing. Thus, there is a need for an analysis of nutrition literacy and other factors relevant to overweight, comparing differences based on biological sex and gender to prevent and reduce the risk of overweight among high school students. In this cross-sectional study. Boys represented 63.5% and girls 36.5% of the total. The prevalence of overweight in high school students was found to be 35.1% of all cases. The incidence of overweight was higher in high school student boys at 67.1%. The age range of boy and girl students was found a median of 17.50 years (16.30–18.80). NL was associated with overweight; the main NL protective factors in boys were knowledge of nutrition principles (AOR=0.03; 95% CI: 0.002–0.618; p=0.022), interactive nutritional literacy (INL) (AOR=0.17; 95% CI: 0.03–0.82; p=0.027), and critical nutrition literacy (CNL) (AOR=0.03; 95% CI: 0.003–0.327; p=0.004). The main NL protective factors in girls were INL (AOR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.05–0.71; p=0.013) and CNL (AOR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.08–0.95; p=0.043), after controlling for potential confounding variables. Therefore, gender-specific public health strategies are required to prevent overweight.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 860-868
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Context–based learning–a case study in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.31703
Do Huong Tra , Nguyen Thi Thanh Phuong , Phung Viet Hai , H’ Na My Nie
The Central Highlands (Vietnam) harbors a diverse array of traditional musical instruments belonging to 13 ethnic minority groups. However, this invaluable cultural heritage faces the imminent threat of being forgotten and lost due to the lack of generational transmission among the youth. Consequently, the preservation and development of these instruments have become a critical priority for the education sector. This study implemented context-based learning (CBL) approach in teaching the topic of sound-natural science in 7th-grade, to encourage students to engage in addressing issues related to the preservation of traditional musical instruments within their local communities. Through observations and in-depth interviews with nine “E De” ethnic minority students, the study found that students exhibited a strong interest in learning to craft and play traditional instruments. They recognized the importance of this learning in contributing to cultural preservation and demonstrated the ability to apply scientific knowledge effectively in the crafting and utilizing of these instruments. These findings underscore the potential of CBL as a powerful educational model for teaching cultural heritage in other countries. This approach not only deepens students’ understanding of cultural values and social responsibility but also fosters mutual understanding and respect among different cultures on a global scale.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1972-1984
Publish at: 2025-06-01
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