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28,451 Article Results

Higher education instructors’ and students’ attitudes toward distance learning

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.29383
Yousef M. Arouri , Yousef M. Alshaboul , Diala A. Hamaidi , Asia Y. Alshaboul
This study aimed at exploring the attitudes of higher education instructors and university students regarding distant learning during the COVID-19 epidemic. It took place at a higher education institution of Jordan. Using a mixed method approach, the researchers developed a two-part questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The questionnaire was distributed questionnaire to 167 instructors and 349 students from the University of Jordan (UJ). The findings showed that the participants have a moderately favorable attitude toward distant learning. Additionally, the findings revealed no statistically significant differences (α=.05) in the attitudes of UJ instructors and students toward distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic attributedto the study variables. Furthermore, the interviews revealed several themes that the university instructors and students identified as influencing the general effectiveness of their distance learning experience, including access to online platforms and professional training, offering electronic equipment, and protecting the integrity of exams. The study recommends that higher education institutions reconsider the concept of distance learning, considering lessons acquired from the era of compulsory distance learning.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1949-1960
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Axial flux machine performance enhancement using recurrent neural network controller

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp740-750
Kalpana Anumala , Ramesh Babu Veligatla
Traditional control methods often face limitations in optimizing the performance of these motors, especially in complex industrial and automotive applications where precision, stability, and energy efficiency are paramount. By exploring advanced control strategies such as multi-level inverters and neural network controllers, this study aims to overcome these limitations and unlock the full potential of dual rotor axial flux induction motors. The integration of multi-level inverters enables finer control of motor operation and enhances power quality, while neural network controllers offer adaptive and intelligent control capabilities, enabling the system to learn and optimize performance in real-time. The study investigates novel approaches to enhance the performance and efficiency of electric motor control systems. The study aims to address the challenges associated with traditional control methods and optimize the operation of dual rotor axial flux induction motors. The research evaluates various performance metrics associated with the speed control system, including error histograms, training performance, regression accuracy, rotor speed dynamics, rotor torque characteristics, time series analysis, and training state assessment. The study achieves significant milestones in optimizing system performance, as evidenced by key findings such as a low mean squared error (MSE) of 0.00011396 achieved during training, strong correlation in regression analysis with an R-value of 0.99718, and effective training dynamics indicated by a gradient value of 0.0091742 and a learning rate (Mu) of 0.0001. These results underscore the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed control strategies in improving motor performance, efficiency, and reliability while reducing energy consumption and operational costs. The proposed method is implemented using MATLAB.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 740-750
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Enhancing voltage stability in active distribution networks through solar PV integration

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1137-1146
Lakshmi Dhandapani , Pushpa Sreenivasan , Sangeetha Murugan , Helaria Maria , Sudipta Banerjee
Solar PV's explosive expansion is changing distribution networks and posing new problems, such as bidirectional power flow, unstable voltage, and power quality problems, particularly in networks with low X/R ratios. Abrupt changes in voltage are difficult for conventional voltage control techniques like shunt capacitors and on-load tap changers (OLTCs) to handle. IEEE Standard 1,547 has little efficacy in such networks, despite the fact that PV inverters may provide reactive power. This paper suggests a real-time coordinated control approach to improve voltage regulation by combining PV inverters, OLTC, and battery energy storage systems (BESS). Reactive power from PV inverters is prioritized to lower operational expenses and reliance on BESS. Better voltage stability, a decrease in BESS energy processing from 9400.3 kWh to 1701.87 kWh, and a reduction in OLTC activities are the outcomes. Rural networks gain from the strategy's ability to support smaller, more affordable BESS units’ voltage sensitivity analysis, and ideal BESS sizing may be investigated in future studies.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1137-1146
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A Delphi study on factors influencing school students’ adoption of social media as a learning platform in Malaysia

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32939
Imelda Hermilinda Abas , Nawanantiny Krishnamurthi , Amran Rasli , Meria Ultra Gusteti
The increasing use of social media platforms among students offers potential for both academic and personal information exchange. However, the factors influencing its adoption for learning by school students remain underexplored. This study aims to identify and rank the key factors that affect the use of social media for learning among primary school students. Utilizing the Delphi method, data were collected in two rounds from 30 expert participants, who were primary school teachers, using purposive sampling. In the first round, thematic analysis identified six key factors influencing social media adoption. In the second round, these factors were ranked in order of importance, with Kendall’s W of 0.364 and a p-value of 0.000 confirming consensus. In addition, an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value of 0.923 indicated reliability. The top three factors identified were learning transformation, technology reform, and long-term prospects for students. The findings suggest that schools should prioritize these factors in strategic planning. Future research could expand this study to include private and international educators, and qualitative studies like tracer research could further enrich the understanding of social media’s role in learning.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1743-1751
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Developing local content-based teaching materials for improving students’ holistic reading

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32665
Husni Mubarok , Sofyan Anif , Harun Joko Prayitno
Integrating local content into teaching materials greatly aids students in their English learning, but the lack of such materials remains an issue. This study aims to develop teaching materials based on local content. It focuses on four key areas: needs analysis, development, practicality, and effectiveness. Utilizing the ADDIE or analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation research design, data collection was conducted with seventh-grade students in the Jepara through observation, interview, questionnaire, and test, which were then analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative method. The analysis revealed that both students and teachers required teaching materials that incorporated local content. The validation of teaching materials indicated a score of 3.56 for lecturers and 3.74 for practitioners, categorizing it as very feasible. The practicality of the teaching materials is indicated by an observation score of 3.4 and a questionnaire score of 3.21. Students’ holistic reading skills improved after utilizing teaching materials centered on local content, particularly in relation to their learning experiences, discourses, and reading comprehension. The findings suggest that the government should develop policies focused on utilizing local content in teaching materials.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1995-2006
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Artificial neural network-based predictive control for three-phase inverter systems with RLC filters

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp949-960
Iftissen Nabil , Ali Dali , Samir Abdelmalek
Model predictive control (MPC) is becoming more and more popular in power electronics applications, yet its practical implementation faces challenges due to computational complexity and resource demands. To address these issues, a novel MPC control approach using an artificial neural network (ANN-MPC) is put forth in this research. Using a real-time circuit modeling environment, a power converter with a virtual MPC controller that can regulate both linear and nonlinear loads is first created and run. The input-output data gathered from the virtual MPC is then used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) offline, enabling a simplified mathematical representation that significantly reduces computational complexity. Moreover, the ANN-MPC controller’s adaptability to input variations enhances robustness against system uncertainties. We offer a thorough explanation of the ANN-MPC's fundamental idea, ANN architecture, offline training approach, and online functioning. The suggested controller is validated by simulation with MATLAB/Simulink tools. Performance evaluation of the novel MPC-ANN controller is performed across various scenarios, including linear and nonlinear loads under various operational conditions, and a comparative analysis with conventional MPC is presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 949-960
Publish at: 2025-06-01

The importance of international mindedness in promoting intercultural communication within international schools

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32135
Diana Trisnawati , Abd Razak Zakaria , Azni Yati Kamaruddin
The globalization has led to an increasing number of international schools worldwide, comprising individuals from diverse cultures. This trend presented numerous multicultural challenges, particularly for those who experience difficulties adapting to multicultural environments. International mindedness (IM) is a crucial aspect of the international baccalaureate (IB) curriculum, playing a significant role in promoting intercultural communication at international schools. This study aimed to explore the significance of IM in fostering intercultural communication, with a specific focus on five teachers in the middle year program (MYP) of two IB schools using a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, and the study employed thematic analysis to address research questions systematically. The findings revealed that participants recognize several elements of IM, including open-mindedness, acceptance of different cultures, empathy, and tolerance. Teachers were identified as vital in developing IM, necessitating them to be respected figures accepted by students and to provide effective teaching strategies. The study highlighted the importance of self-awareness and adaptability skills for teachers in fostering intercultural interactions. A cultural training program can be recommended for developing teachers’ IM, particularly to enhance teachers’ knowledge and perspectives in promoting intercultural communications.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 2183-2196
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A novel accelerated genetic algorithm-based technique for optimal placement of multiple FACTSDEV in power systems under N-1 contingency

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1376-1388
Tanuja Koppa Shankaregowda , Shankaralingappa Channappa Byalihal
The liberalization of the energy market has led to a surge in unforeseen power exchanges, which could jeopardize the security of the power system by overloading transmission lines. Flexible AC transmission system devices (FACTSDEV) has been developed in order to improve voltage profiles, reduce losses, and solve power system instability. However, because FACTSDEV devices have such high initial costs, careful planning and ideal placement are essential to maximizing their benefits. This paper proposes a genetic algorithm-based approach to arrange multiple FACTSDEV devices in a power system optimally under N-1 contingency conditions. The IEEE standard (IEEESTD) 14 bus network is where FACTSEDV are located using this optimization technique. The study makes use of MATLAB simulations to evaluate how different FACTSDEV and their placements affect the performance of the power system. The results of the generator and line outage simulations show how FACTDEV have an impact on generation costs, system loss components, and line loss reduction. The cost-optimized placement findings for FACTSDEVs in the IEEESTD 14 bus system are satisfactory and show an improvement in generation cost and system loss component with appropriate positioning and sizing of FACTDEVs.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1376-1388
Publish at: 2025-06-01

An experimental design of 3 kW variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator for standalone applications

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1160-1173
Sugiarto Kadiman , Ratna Kartikasari , Oni Yuliani
Variable speed wind turbines are suitable for isolated populations, island communities or usages in which the charge of electric lines beats the connection and upkeep charge of wind turbine. This research builds wind turbine which working over variable velocity of wind. The proposed construct incorporates three-bladed aerofoil rotor, gear box with ratio 1:8, three-phase doubly-fed induction generator, automatic voltage regulator and tower. Results verify efficacy of this installed structure at wind speed of 7.0-8.2 m/s. The proposed design generates power output at 3 kW, voltage per phase between 220 V, and frequency of 50 Hz; and exhibits noise just around 60-70 dB which is below the permissible noise threshold of 85 dB.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1160-1173
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Primary school teachers’ competences in constructing quality multiple-choice questions in Tanzania

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.30825
Florence Kyaruzi , Kingtin Kisamo
Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are highly used in assessing students’ learning outcomes due to their versatility in promoting test content validity. Nevertheless, teachers experience psychometric challenges in constructing quality MCQs. This study investigated primary school teachers’ competence in constructing quality MCQs in Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania. Specifically, we examined teachers’ competence in constructing quality MCQs, analyzed the types of item-writing flaws (IWFs) found in teacher-made MCQs, and examined the challenges that teachers encounter in constructing quality MCQs. The study was guided the by classical test theory (CTT) and it employed a mixed-method research approach. In particular, data collection and analysis were conducted using a concurrent triangulation design. A total of 213 MCQs constructed by 20 teachers from ten primary schools were collected and analyzed. The results indicated that primary school teachers were less competent in constructing quality MCQs as 156 (73.2%) of the teacher-made MCQs assessed lower levels of Bloom’s cognitive domain. Similarly, most of the MCQs had IWFs, with 274 (69.2%) having test wiseness flaws and 122 (30.8%) having irrelevant difficulty flaws. The findings call for capacity building to promote teachers’ competence in constructing quality test items.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 2051-2060
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Demographic determinants of patronage of medicine hawkers by commercial vehicle passengers in Ghana

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24606
Joy Ato Nyarko , Kofi Osei Akuoko , Jonathan Mensah Dapaah , Nana Yaa Serwaa Akuoko , Egwolo Perpetual Iyengunmwena
Medicine hawking is one of the major public health problems of the global south. This present study examined the demographic determinants of patronage of the services of medicine hawkers among commercial vehicle passengers in Kumasi, Ghana. A cross-sectional study was carried out from February 2022 to March 2022 at major bus terminals in Kumasi. Data were descriptively and inferentially analysed. The survey revealed that 55% of the respondents had bought medicines from medicine hawkers before. There was a significant relationship between having bought from a medicine hawker before and the intention to buy from them again in the future. Also, age, religion and education contributed significantly to patronising the services of medicine hawkers. We recommend that government intensifies its public health education on the implications of seeking health care services from these medicine hawkers.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 912-918
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A multiband sub-6 THz patch antenna with high gain for IoT and 6G communication

10.12928/telkomnika.v23i3.26551
Redwan Al Mahmud Bin; Daffodil International University Asad Ananta , Md. Sharif; Daffodil International University Ahammed , Md Ashraful; Daffodil International University Haque , Narinderjit Singh; INTI International University Sawaran Singh , Kamal Hossain; Daffodil International University Nahin , Jamal Hossain; Daffodil International University Nirob , Md. Kawsar; Daffodil International University Ahmed , Liton Chandra; Pabna University of Science and Technology Paul
This comprehensive study introduces a meticulously designed and characterized terahertz (THz) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna engineered to operate within the 0.4 THz to 1.6 THz frequency range. The antenna’s construction includes a copper patch and ground plane integrated into a polyimide substrate, ensuring exceptional durability and robust performance. Significantly, the antenna reveals four distinct resonance frequencies at 0.46 THz, 0.9 THz, 1.31 THz, and 1.44 THz each accompanied by bandwidths of 0.005 THz, 0.17 THz, and 0.34 THz, respectively. Moreover, the antenna delivers notable gains of 8.52 dB, 11.54 dB, and 13.25 dB at these frequencies, coupled with substantial efficiencies of 88.32%, 92.02%, and 89.89%, respectively. Additionally, the antenna showcases exceptional isolation of 26 dB, a low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.003, and a diversity gain (DG) of 9.98. These remarkable attributes underscore the antenna’s aptness for high-performance THz applications, offering substantial advantages in terms of gain, efficiency, and isolation for next-generation wireless communication systems.
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Page: 597-606
Publish at: 2025-06-01

DTC of PMSM based on a simple duty ratio approach with ripple reduction scheme

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp808-816
Berhanu Deggefa Lemma , Srinivasan Pradabane , Tole Sutikno , Getu Girma Reta , Negasa Muleta Feyisa
Today, phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) applies to electric drives. But due to its structure and control scheme, PMSM suffers from ripple performance when a control scheme like direct torque control (DTC) is used. This work uses a simple scheme to generate switching signals and determine duty ratios. The duty ratio is obtained from the Volt-second balance. Switching signal generation is performed in the DTC scheme by incorporating the effects of duty ratio, torque error, flux error, and sector number. Dwelling time is obtained in volt-seconds using the reference voltage magnitude and sector number. But voltage state selection is done using the DTC lookup table. Since the DTC lookup table is used for voltage state selection only one active and one null voltage is used. Both active and null voltage periods are divided into two parts and each voltage vector is applied twice in one total switching period. The proposed scheme is tested in MATLAB 2021b. Simulation results indicate that the method is effective in terms of dynamics and harmonics. The scheme torque ripple is 12.5%. Likewise, the flux ripple and harmonic are 0.69% and 0.79%, respectively. Additionally, the scheme is effective for both four quadrants and wide-speed operation. Verification of the proposed scheme is done with OPAL-RT (OP4500). The scheme appears to be effective.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 808-816
Publish at: 2025-06-01

The potential impact of generative AI on the future of higher education: a game-changer or a danger to academic integrity

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32148
Pritam Kumar , Amarjeet Singh Mastana , Chainarong Rungruengarporn , Donyawan Chantokul
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve education by substantially modifying knowledge acquisition. While the research on AI’s incorporation into higher education is growing, significant gaps exist in understanding its responsibilities, potential, implications for ethics, and privacy problems in educational settings. This study investigates AI’s transformative impact on higher education using a total of four essential objectives: the ever-growing capabilities of AI within customized instruction, the prospective use of smart tutoring platforms, AI-driven review and input procedures in learning evaluation, and the ethical and privacy issues inherent in these technologies. A systematic review of the literature (SLR) was carried out to answer research questions established utilizing population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and context (PICOC) criteria, resulting in a structured analysis of pertinent articles. To conduct a thorough literature search, the Publish or Perish (version 8) application and an API key were used to systematically access the Scopus database. Initial keyword searches yielded 567 articles, which were reduced to 29 following predetermined relevant screening, restricted access sorting, repetition removal, and content validation. The findings show that AI technologies are increasing personalized education by adapting instructional content to individual needs while also improving decision-making, resources deployment, and administrative duties. However, the integration of AI raises issues such as data privacy, potential redundancies of human educators, and ethical obstacles. These findings highlight AI’s immense potential for higher education, underlining the importance of tackling these problems regarding responsible and inclusive integration, furthering future research, and developing processes for responsible AI use in educational environment.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1731-1742
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A novel fetal Doppler calibrator: enhancing the precision of fetal heart rate monitoring

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp873-881
Ekha Rifki Fauzi , Noor Alis Setiyadi , Kamonthip Doungjan
The congenital heart disease is associated with abnormal brain development in the womb of pregnant women where fetuses with congenital heart disease are at higher risk of miscarriage compared to the general population. Fetal and neonatal risk identification and assessment are essential for comprehensive risk stratification after diagnosis of congenital heart disease. This study aims to improve the accuracy of Doppler fetal measurements in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease risk with calibrators. This study used an experiment of a calibrator with four push buttons embedded to increase and decrease the beat per minute (BPM) value by comparing the BPM value of the Doppler fetal. The measurement was carried out by comparing the values of the calibrator and the Doppler fetal with units and tens of BPM. Statistical analysis used the paired sample T-Test. The measurement obtained a significant p-value of <0.05 with 95% CI. Furthermore, this calibrator does not have a difference in accuracy level with a Doppler fetal. This states that the calibrator has the feasibility to calibrate the fetal Doppler in the fetal heart examination service for pregnant women. This study has the prospect of improving the technology with the embedding of the internet of things (IoT).
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 873-881
Publish at: 2025-06-01
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