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29,939 Article Results

An experimental study of PV/T system using parabolic reflectors and heat exchanger

10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i3.pp1297-1306
Benlaria Ismail , Belhadj Mohammed , Othmane Abdelkhalek , Sabouni Elhadj
Photovoltaic (PV) systems can be made more efficient by forcing the PV panel to operate at its maximum point power due to the electrical properties of photovoltaic generators, which are substantially non-linear (MPP). This study examines the effectiveness of using a combination of parabolic concentrator Bi-reflector and heat exchanger as a cooling system on the performance of photovoltaic generators to get a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system, and their effect on the direct current (DCDC) converter using matrix laboratory (MATLAB) simulink. The experimental tests were carried out under various temperature values and sun irradiation. The results demonstrated that the use of parabolic Bi-reflectors, to further illumine te the panels, and the use of the cooling system to absorb excess heat to get heat water, could increase and enhances performances of the photovoltaic generator.
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Page: 1297-1306
Publish at: 2021-12-01

A performance evaluation of convolutional neural network architecture for classification of rice leaf disease

10.11591/ijai.v10.i4.pp1069-1078
Afis Julianto , Andi Sunyoto
Plant disease is a challenge in the agricultural sector, especially for rice production. Identifying diseases in rice leaves is the first step to wipe out and treat diseases to reduce crop failure. With the rapid development of the convolutional neural network (CNN), rice leaf disease can be recognized well without the help of an expert. In this research, the performance evaluation of CNN architecture will be carried out to analyze the classification of rice leaf disease images by classifying 5932 image data which are divided into 4 disease classes. The comparison of training data, validation, and testing are 60:20:20. Adam optimization with a learning rate of 0.0009 and softmax activation was used in this study. From the experimental results, the InceptionV3 and InceptionResnetV2 architectures got the best accuracy, namely 100%, ResNet50 and DenseNet201 got 99.83%, MobileNet 99.33%, and EfficientNetB3 90.14% accuracy.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 1069-1078
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Cloud computing adoption among state universities and colleges in the Philippines: Issues and challenges

10.11591/ijere.v10i4.21526
Catherine R. Alimboyong , Mardie E. Bucjan
The emergence of cloud computing (CC) adoption in higher education institutions (HEIs) is considered widespread today. Its growth comes with tremendous benefits and potential risks as well. This paper endeavors to investigate some issues and challenges that influence the adoption of cloud computing among state universities and colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines. A qualitative design was used in the study as it employed multiple case studies approach. Based on the results, this paper establishes two strong factors such as slow internet connection and lack of understanding or awareness of cloud computing. The findings revealed the impact of cloud computing to SUCs is found beneficial to the educational system amidst the global pandemic. Professors can easily upload lessons and teaching materials while students can easily access the materials online, though the challenge lies in the connectivity of internet in the country. Administrators can easily collaborate with the entire academic community and even to its stakeholder’s potential for collaboration even if not in face to face. It is a perfect avenue to be productive and efficient which allows all processes be made possible to all members of the entire academic community, may it be students, professors, staff and even other stakeholders.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 1455-1461
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Improved fuzzy miner algorithm for business process discovery

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.19015
Yutika Amelia; Universitas Airlangga Effendi , Riyanarto; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Sarno , Danica Virlianda; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Marsha
Return material authorization (RMA) is a process in which a company decides to repair or replace customer’s defect product during the warranty period. To execute RMA, both company and customer obliged to follow standard operating procedure (SOP) which usually consists of many business processes of a company well. As the business process could cause inefficiencies, a company should improve their business process regularly. The best way is using process discovery. This research proposes a new improved fuzzy miner algorithm to represent binary correlation between activities. This new algorithm utilizes binary significance and binary correlation equally to acquire fuzzy model. While the original fuzzy miner algorithm uses various binary correlation metrics, the improved fuzzy miner algorithm uses only one metric and could capture the fuzzy model, accurately based on the event logs to capture more accurate business process model. In this research, ProM fuzzy miner is used as a comparison to the proposed improved time-based fuzzy miner. The results showed that the improved algorithm has higher value on conformance checking and able to capture business process model based on time interval, by using only time-interval significance as a binary correlation metrics.
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Page: 1830-1839
Publish at: 2021-12-01

SAFEA application design on determining the optimal order quantity of chicken eggs based on fuzzy logic

10.11591/ijai.v10.i4.pp858-871
Sesar Husen Santosa , Agung Prayudha Hidayat , Ridwan Siskandar
The availability of stock in the chicken egg supply chain is influenced by the ability of egg Agents to determine the optimal orders to suppliers. The optimal number of orders is very important to manage for the Bogor City Egg Agent Indonesia because the stock capacity reaches 340 crates. The optimal number of orders for eggs at the Egg Agent is influenced by input variables, namely final stock (crate), selling price (crate), and consumer demand (crate) so that the inventory is under control. The three input variables have fuzzy values that must be processed using fuzzy logic to get the optimal number of orders to suppliers so that the egg stock in the warehouse is well maintained. The optimal order model for eggs in the smart application for egg agent (SAFEA) was developed using a fuzzy logic approach with the triangular and trapezoidal membership function. Based on the optimal order model in the SAFEA application, the optimal order to the supplier is 100-104 crates per day.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 858-871
Publish at: 2021-12-01

A novel deep learning architecture for drug named entity recognition

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.21667
T.; Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Mathu , Kumudha; Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Raimond
Drug named entity recognition (DNER) becomes the prerequisite of other medical relation extraction systems. Existing approaches to automatically recognize drug names includes rule-based, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. DL techniques have been verified to be the state-of-the-art as it is independent of handcrafted features. The previous DL methods based on word embedding input representation uses the same vector representation for an entity irrespective of its context in different sentences and hence could not capture the context properly. Also, identification of the n-gram entity is a challenge. In this paper, a novel architecture is proposed that includes a sentence embedding layer that works on the entire sentence to efficiently capture the context of an entity. A hybrid model that comprises a stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with residual LSTM has been designed to overcome the limitations and to upgrade the performance of the model. We have contrasted the achievement of our proposed approach with other DNER models and the percentage of improvements of the proposed model over LSTM-conditional random field (CRF), LIU and WBI with respect to micro-average F1-score are 11.17, 8.8 and 17.64 respectively. The proposed model has also shown promising result in recognizing 2- and 3-gram entities.
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Page: 1884-1891
Publish at: 2021-12-01

The degree of career polarization among educational leaders in the Jordanian Education Directorates

10.11591/ijere.v10i4.20993
Mohammad Hasan Hamadat , Mohammad Omar Al-Momani
The study aimed to identify the degree of career polarization among educational leaders in the Jordanian–education directorates of Ajloun and Jersah. The researchers adopted the descriptive -analytical approach for its suitability for such studies. The researchers used the questionnaire as the study instrument, which comprised 20 items. The researchers distributed the items in two domains, 10 items were for each domain as the study instrument. The sample of the study comprised 250 educational leaders for the first semester of the academic year 2019-2020. The study results showed that the degree of career polarization among educational leaders in the Jordanian Ministry of Education came with an average degree of rating in all its domains and for all items. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of statistical significance (α=0.05) attributed to the two study variables. Gender and the number of years of experience are the two study variables.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 1282-1289
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Frequency regulation service of multiple-areas vehicle to grid application in hierarchical control architecture

10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp4597-4609
Paramet Wirasanti , Suttichai Premrudeepreechacharn
Regarding a potential of electric vehicles, it has been widely discussed that the electric vehicle can be participated in electricity ancillary services. Among the ancillary service products, the system frequency regulation is often considered. However, the participation in this service has to be conformed to the hierarchical frequency control architecture. Therefore, the vehicle to grid (V2G) application in this article is proposed in the term of multiple-areas of operation. The multiple-areas in this article are concerned as parking areas, which the parking areas can be implied as a V2G operator. From that, V2G operator can obtain the control signal from hierarchical control architecture for power sharing purpose. A power sharing concept between areas is fulfilled by a proposed adaptive droop factor based on battery state of charge and available capacity of parking area. A nonlinear multiplier factor is used for the droop adaptation. An available capacity is also applied as a limitation for the V2G operation. The available capacity is analyzed through a stochastic character. As the V2G application has to be cooperated with the hierarchical control functions, i.e. primary control and secondary control, then the effect of V2G on hierarchical control functions is investigated and discussed.
Volume: 11
Issue: 6
Page: 4597-4609
Publish at: 2021-12-01

A proposal of ethical competence model for cyber security organization

10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i3.pp1711-1717
Nor Hapiza Mohd Ariffin , Ruhaila Maskat
A proactive cyber security plan to safeguard confidential information and privacy still lacks initiatives to avoid frequent harmful attacks. Cybersecurity professionals must possess ethical competence and prove worthy of overseeing valuable information for efficient decision‐making since ethical competence is fundamental for daily practice. There is a need to define what it means to be ethically competent in the era of IR4.0. The previous competence models still lack consideration of both artificial intelligence (AI) and emotional intelligence (EI) skills. AI brings new opportunities to cyber security organizations that focus on AI skills related to cognitive Intelligence or intelligent quotient (IQ). EI, which refers to emotional quotient (EQ), is a good predictor of ethical competence as it can perceive and express emotions precisely to facilitate thought to understand and manage emotions. However, practically, most cyber security organizations focused on AI skills and disregarded EI skills' roles. This research proposes a cyber artemotional model that blends AI skills and EI skills for cyber security employees. This research would benefit cyber security organizations with cyber artemotional model as employees ethical competence assessment, and it is in line with the demand of IR4.0.
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Page: 1711-1717
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Sensing and analysis of spectrum holes in ISM band using USRP testbed

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.19888
Nur Syahirah Binti; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Hamdan , Mas Haslinda Binti; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Mohamad , Aduwati Binti; Universiti Putra Malaysia Sali
The spectrum frequency in the wireless communication industry is getting great attention due to the internet of things (IoT) technology's growth. However, the radio spectrum's frequency band use is limited because the primary user for specific services can cause spectrum interference as multiple users use the same spectrum frequency. Meanwhile, at each spectrum frequency, the number of users and utilization time are distinct. These will create vacancies for spectrum frequency assigned to the primary user. A new alternative in using the cognitive radio (CR) spectrum is accessible to these vacancies. This paper analyzed the frequency spectrum in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band and identified spectrum holes for transmission by the secondary users. This work employed a realistic approach by measuring the spectrum using Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) devices. Thus, the spectrum holes in the frequency spectrum had distinguished by using an energy detection technique. In the energy detection technique, the threshold energy level is set and then compared with the energy detector output to identify the primary user's existence (PU). The result indicates that 0.61% of spectrum holes have been detected in the 2.43-2.44 GHz range. This range is sufficient for home appliances, radio frequency peripherals (RF), and bluetooth devices.
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Page: 1761-1768
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Calibration of the science process skills among Malaysian elementary students: A Rasch model analysis

10.11591/ijere.v10i4.21430
Nazahiyah Mustafa , Ahmad Zamri Khairani , Nor Asniza Ishak
This study aimed to calibrate the test items of science process skills used as a test at primary school students to provide information on the difficulty of each item. Data were collected from 128 standard five students in a primary school in Penang. The test was given in multiple-choice as many as 40 items consisting of 33 items partial credit test was developed to gather information from the students. The analysis included an assessment of the model’s assumptions and calibrations according to the individual items. Information on the Rasch calibration according to the topic were provided. Results revealed that the measurement made fulfilled both model-data fit and unidimensionality assumptions. Further analysis showed that observing and communicating were endorsed as the easiest to master while inferring and classifying were the most challenging. The study discussed the implication, particularly towards the teaching and learning of science process skills in the classroom. Teachers should seriously consider the science process skills when designing their teaching and learning strategies in the classroom.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 1344-1351
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Embedded acoustic long baseline localization system for autonomous underwater vehicles

10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i3.pp1445-1453
Redouane Es-sadaoui , Jamal Khallaayoune , Tamara Brizard
The attenuation of global positioning system (GPS) in water medium makes localization of autonomous uderwater vehicles (AUVs) particularly challenging. The long baseline (LBL) positioning system can extend GPS using beacons as references. This work aims at building an acoustic LBL-based system able to localize AUVs operating in swarms thanks to a small size acoustic transceiver embedded onboard AUVs and implementing range-based localization algorithms to estimate the swarm coordinates in real-time. The distances computation between navigating AUVs and fixed beacons were implemented in a digital signal processor (DSP) which computes the time-of-arrival (ToA) of incoming pure tone acoustic waves. The principle of design, hardware architecture, implementation, simulations and sea experiments are described in this paper. The experimental data showed an average deviation around 0.62 m when an AUV is placed at 45 m far away from a beacon. This deviation increases with distance: around 4.8 m measured at 500 m. This performance can be improved by taking into consideration the two main factors examined in this paper, which are sound velocity profile and propagation model.
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Page: 1445-1453
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Power saving MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.19148
Rafael Souza; Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco Cotrim , João Manuel Leitão Pires; Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco Caldeira , Vasco N. G. J.; Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco Soares , Youcef; University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene Azzoug
In a wireless sensor network, energy is almost always the greatest limitation. Energy sources are restricted in many of the environments where nodes are deployed, limiting them to the use of batteries for power. Therefore, conserving energy is supremely important, however, such a task poses many challenges to hardware and protocol design. One of the greatest problems faced is reducing the energy consumption of the communications systems, which represents a substantial amount of the total consumption. This paper surveys the most recent schemes designed to reduce the communications module energy consumption with a focus on novel MAC protocols for ad-hoc wireless sensor networks. It initially describes the many challenges involved, then it analyses each protocol individually. Finally, the presented protocols are compared and the issues that remain open are raised for further research.
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Page: 1778-1786
Publish at: 2021-12-01

A systematic literature review of machine learning methods in predicting court decisions

10.11591/ijai.v10.i4.pp1091-1102
Nur Aqilah Khadijah Rosili , Noor Hidayah Zakaria , Rohayanti Hassan , Shahreen Kasim , Farid Zamani Che Rose , Tole Sutikno
Envisaging legal cases’ outcomes can assist the judicial decision-making process. Prediction is possible in various cases, such as predicting the outcome of construction litigation, crime-related cases, parental rights, worker types, divorces, and tax law. The machine learning methods can function as support decision tools in the legal system with artificial intelligence’s advancement. This study aimed to impart a systematic literature review (SLR) of studies concerning the prediction of court decisions via machine learning methods. The review determines and analyses the machine learning methods used in predicting court decisions. This review utilised RepOrting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) publication standard. Subsequently, 22 relevant studies that most commonly predicted the judgement results involving binary classification were chosen from significant databases: Scopus and Web of Sciences. According to the SLR’s outcomes, various machine learning methods can be used in predicting court decisions. Additionally, the performance is acceptable since most methods achieved more than 70% accuracy. Nevertheless, improvements can be made on the types of judicial decisions predicted using the existing machine learning methods.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 1091-1102
Publish at: 2021-12-01

Smart information desk system with voice assistant for universities

10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp5206-5215
Dabiah Alboaneen , Dalia Alsaffar , Amani Alqahtani , Lama Alamri , Amjad Alfahhad , Bashaier Alqahtani , Alyah Alateeq , Rahaf Alamri , Fatimah Almohammedsaleh
This article aims to develop a smart information desk system through a smart mirror for universities. It is a mirror with extra capabilities of displaying answers for academic inquiries such as asking about the lecturers’ office numbers and hours, exams dates and times on the mirror surface. In addition, the voice recognition feature was used to answer spoken inquiries in audio responds to serve all types of users including disabled ones. Furthermore, the system showed general information such as date, weather, time and the university map. The smart mirror was connected to an outdoor camera to monitor the traffics at the university entrance gate. The system was implemented on a Raspberry Pi 4 model B connected to a two-way mirror and an infrared (IR) touch frame. The results of this study helped to overcome the problem of the information desk absence in the university. Therefore, it helped users to save their time and effort in making requests for important academic information.
Volume: 11
Issue: 6
Page: 5206-5215
Publish at: 2021-12-01
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