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29,922 Article Results

Clotting detection in the vascular network

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp1103-1108
Shatha A. Salman , Abeer H. Abd-Almeer
A lot of side effects accusers which the humans have suffered from a scan either by CT phrases, rays and magnetic resonance. Different methods were used to eliminate these affects depends on segmentation of vascular networks then represents it as a graph, where the intersection of the vessel as a vertex and the line between them as an edge. The place of the clot can be found by representing the weight of each edge as the amount of the blood in the vessel. Sign the place; if the amount is less than the normal flux that represents thrombosis. An algorithm in a graph theory is used to find the minimum distance, if more than one thrombosis exists to reach the nearest one and sign it alternately.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 1103-1108
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Vehicle plate localization and extraction based on hough transform and bilinear operations

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp1088-1097
Masar Abed Uthaib , Muayad Sadik Croock
In general, the extraction of the vehicle plate is a previous step of plate recognition, and it actively studied for several decades. Plate localization is used in various security and traffic applications. In this paper, the proposed method is efficient to localize a plate for the multinational countries. The proposed method consists of three levels. The first level is the preprocessing that contains several steps. The digital camera capture images have been taken about twenty meters from the car with zooming two to three meters. Images are resampled using the zooming technique (bilinear interpolation) that makes the dimension of image (1024 x 768) pixels. The resampled images are resized to (940x 730). These images are converted to grayscale (green channel), and the bilateral filter is applied for removing noise. The second level is plate detection that adopts morphological operations, image subtraction, and vertical edge detection (Sobel). At the last Connected component analysis and Hough transform are used. The third level is the Deskew plate that notifies the plate may skew so that Hough transform is used to detect the largest line segment. Then, the images are rotated using bilinear interpolation. About 860 images are tested for different countries (Iraq, Belarus, Armenia, Hungary), and the accuracy is 98.99 % for extraction of the plate and 100% for the Deskew plate. Thus, the proposed system shows high efficiency in achievement.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 1088-1097
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Technology in Indian agriculture - a review

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp1070-1077
R S Upendra , I M Umesh , R B Ravi Varma , B Basavaprasad
Optimization of agricultural practices for enhanced crop yield is considered to be essential phenomena for the countries like India. In order to strengthen the economy and also to meet the food demand for the exponentially growing population, optimizing the agricultural practices has become necessity. In India, weather and geographical conditions are highly variable and were thought to be the major bottleneck of agricultural practices to achieve improved crop yield. Agricultural practices in India are facing many challenges such as change in climatic conditions, different geographical environment, conventional agricultural practices; economic and political scenario. Economic loss due to the lack of information on crop yield productivity is another major concern in the country. These hurdles can be overcome by the implementation of advanced technology in agriculture. Some of the trends observed are smart farming, digital agriculture and Big Data Analytics which provide useful information regarding various crop yields influencing factors and predicting the accurate amounts of crop yield. The exact prediction of crop yield helps formers to develop a suitable cultivation plan, crop health monitoring system, management of crop yield efficiently and also to establish the business strategy in order to decrease economic losses. This also makes the agricultural practices as one of the highly profitable venture. This paper presents insights on the various applications of technology advancements in agriculture such as Digital Agriculture, smart farming or internet of agriculture technology (IoAT), Precision Agriculture, Crop Management, Weed and Pest control, Crop protection and Big data analytics.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 1070-1077
Publish at: 2020-11-01

An optimal design of square spiral integrated inductor using metaheuristic techniques

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp680-689
Soufiane Abi , Hamid Bouyghf , Benhala Bachir , Abdelhadi Raihani
In this paper, the optimal sizing of CMOS RF square spiral integrated inductor utilizing three meta-heuristic techniques namely Ant Colony Optimization, Artificial Bee Colony and Differential Evolution is presented. The π-model is employed for the characterization of inductor behavior. In this optimization procedure, the geometrical parameters of the CMOS RF square spiral integrated inductor are considered as the design variables that satisfy the most important constraints such as the fixed value of required inductance 4nH at the operating frequency 2.4 GHz. The design of the integrated square spiral inductor is done with UMC 130 nm CMOS technology. A comparison between the used meta-heuristic techniques is emphasized. The optimization results are checked and validated by the mean of the Momentum advanced design system (ADS).
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 680-689
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Utilizing the ATM technology in e-distance learning

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp1016-1029
Inaam Abbas Hieder , Sara Mohammad Abdullah , Rawaa Ahmed Ali
There is an Increasing demand for the education in the field of E-learning specially the higher education, and to keep contiuity between the user and the course director in any place and time. This research presents a proposed and simulation multimedia network design for distance learning utilizing ATM technique. The propsed framework determines the principle of ATM technology and shows how multimedia can be integrated within E- learning conteext. The first part of this research presents a theoretical design for the Electricity Department, university of technology. The purpose is to illustrate the usage of the ATM and Multimedia in distance learning process. In addition, this research composes two entities: Software entity by using image, sound and a mix between them to be transfered across the ATM network.. The MATLAB was used to validate the implementation of the required design objectives: (hardware entity) where a prototype is designed (experimental trial) , which aims to carry out the connectivity process between the user and course director, where multiple PCs are connected via unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and a web camera with microphone have been attached to PCs. To finalize this stage, an interface is implemented to show the data transmission process for multimedia by the ATM network and it has been realized through the Visual Basic language. Finally, to validate the level of success by using the ATM technique, some important factors have been determined through the analysis phase, which are: time delay, throughput and efficiency. The propsed design manages to minimize the impat of noise and improve the throuput ratio by 30% while minizing the delay with a ratio of 22%.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 1016-1029
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Robustness metrics for optical networks

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp845-853
Noor Aishah Zainiar , Farabi Iqbal , ASM Supa’at , Adam Wong Yoon Khang
Telecommunication networks are vulnerable towards single or simultaneous nodes/links failures, which may lead to the disruption of network areas. The failures may cause performance degradation, reduced quality of services, reduced nodes/links survivability, stability, and reliability. Therefore, it is important to measure and enhance the network robustness, via the use of robustness metrics. This paper gives an overview of several robustness metrics that are commonly used for optical networks, from the structural, centrality and functional perspectives.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 845-853
Publish at: 2020-11-01

A social constructivism framing of mobile pedagogy in english language teaching in the digital era

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp830-836
Zhang Jie , Marlia Puteh , Abu Hasan Sazalli
Social Constructivism is elaborated as a theoretical background to support modern pedagogy with mobile technology in the digital age. Studies of theories and framework in terms of mobile pedagogy are combed up to find its connection between language teaching and Social Constructivism. Four theoretical framework of mobile pedagogy are listed in this paper to establish the link with Social Constructivism. The analysis of the Zone of Proximal Development from Social Constructivism theory indicates that mobile pedagogy, integrated with technology, pedagogy and subject content, is student-driven model which needs teacher’s guidance in the level that students cannot scaffold knowledge on their own. Teachers have to update pedagogical concept with enhanced technological knowledge for the demand of education in the digital era.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 830-836
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Multiple element of miniaturized printed log-periodic second series koch dipole array antenna for wideband chipless RFID tag reader

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp887-893
Mohd Ezwan Bin Jalil , Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim , Noor Asmawati Samsuri , Sunti Tuntrakool
This paper aims to produce a low profile, wideband, and high gain antenna for chipless RFID tag readers. A miniaturized and wideband printed Log-periodic second series koch dipole array (LPSSKDA) with eleven elements operating over 0.8 GHz-3.2 GHz is designed using the FR4 board. The single LPSSKDA antenna, which acts as the chipless RFID reader antenna having gain between 5.2 and 6.1 dBi and frequency range from 1-3 GHz. A double element of the LPSSKDA antenna is proposed for improving the antenna gain to 6.9-7.9 dBi over the frequency range. The antenna is fabricated to validate the simulation and measurement results in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, and surface current distribution.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 887-893
Publish at: 2020-11-01

A new double ш-shaped compact negative refractive index metamaterial for wideband applications

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp863-869
Pujan Chandra Paul , Mohammad Jakir Hossain , Ashish Kumar Karmaker , Md. Jakirul Islam
This paper analyzed the new compact design and negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterial for wideband applications. The proposed metamaterial exhibits NRI and wideband characteristics of the x-axis wave propagation. It displayed the NRI property at the frequency of 1.54 GHz and wideband from 1.26 GHz to 7.08 GHz frequency (L, S, and C band). Moreover, the response of the 1×2 horizontal and 2×1 vertical array structure showed the wideband frequency in the 7.17 GHz to 13.62 GHz and 1.46 GHz to 9.53 GHz, respectively. Electromagnetic simulation software called CST has been used to design the metamaterial unit cell. The metamaterial has been displayed the multi-band characteristics such as L, S, C, X and Ku bands with negative index material properties.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 863-869
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Comparison of microarray breast cancer classification using support vector machine and logistic regression with LASSO and boruta feature selection

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp712-719
Nursabillilah Mohd Ali , Nor Azlina Ab Aziz , Rosli Besar
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer diagnosis amongst women worldwide. Despite the advancement of medical diagnostic and prognostic tools for early detection and treatment of breast cancer patients, research on development of better and more reliable tools is still actively conducted globally. The breast cancer classification is significantly important in ensuring reliable diagnostic system. Preliminary research on the usage of machine learning classifier and feature selection method for breast cancer classification is conducted here. Two feature selection methods namely Boruta and LASSO and SVM and LR classifier are studied. A breast cancer dataset from GEO web is adopted in this study. The findings show that LASSO with LR gives the best accuracy using this dataset.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 712-719
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Design of very low-voltages and high-performance CMOS gate-driven operational amplifier

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp670-679
Hayder Khaleel AL-Qaysi , Musaab Mohammed Jasim , Siraj Manhal Hameed
This paper presents the description and analysis of the design and HSPICE-based simulation results of very low-voltages (LVs) power supplies and high-performance specifications CMOS gate-driven (GD) operational amplifier (Op-Amp) circuit. The very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit designed using 90nm CMOS technology parameters and the folded cascode (FC) technique employed in the differential input stage. The HSPICE simulation results demonstrate that the overall gain is 73.1dB, the unity gain bandwidth is 14.9MHz, the phase margin is , the total power dissipation is 0.91mW, the output voltage swing is from 0.95V to 1V, the common-mode rejection ratio is dB, the equivalent input-referred noise voltage is 50.94  at 1MHz, the positive slew rate is 11.37 , the negative slew rate is 11.39 , the settling time is 137 , the positive power-supply rejection ratio is 74.2dB, and the negative power-supply rejection ratio is 80.1dB. The comparisons of simulation results at 1V and 0.814V power supplies’ voltages of the very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit demonstrate that the circuit functions with perfect performance specifications, and it is suitable for many considerable applications intended for very LVs CMOS Op-Amp circuits.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 670-679
Publish at: 2020-11-01

A t-shaped partial ground microstrip patch antenna based UHF sensor for partial discharge detection

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp704-711
Nayli Adriana Azhar , Norazizah Mohd Aripin , Goh Chin Hock , Nayla Ferdous , Saidatul Hamidah
Continuous partial discharge (PD) monitoring and early PD detection is important in making sure the necessary preventative measures can be taken accordingly. This paper proposed a T-shaped partial ground microstrip patch antenna that is able to detect PD signal within the UHF range. The antenna was designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio. The antenna was then fabricated using FR4 substrate material and tested for reception test. The simulation results and the analysis from the fabricated antenna confirmed that the proposed antenna able to detect PD signal at UHF range (specifically at about 500 MHz) and fulfilled the design requirements in terms of the return loss, VSWR, bandwidth and gain. Reception test had confirmed that the proposed antenna was able to detect PD signals that are located at maximum distance, ranges from 37 cm to 70 cm (depending on the PD signal strength). The proposed antenna also had succesfully detected PD occurances at 300 MHz to 700 MHz. In conclusion, the proposed T-shaped partial ground microstrip patch antenna had been successfully designed and able to detect PD signal emitted in the UHF range.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 704-711
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Internet of things (IoT) based smart garbage monitoring system

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp736-743
Thangavel Bhuvaneswari , J. Hossen , NurAsyiqinbt. Amir Hamzah , P. Velrajkumar , Oo Hong Jack
Garbage waste monitoring, collection and management is one of the primary concerns of the present era due to its detrimental effects on environment. The traditional way of manually monitoring and collecting the garbage is a cumbersome process as it requires considerable human effort and time leading to higher cost. In this paper, an IoT based garbage monitoring system using Thingspeak, an open IoT platform is presented. The system consists of an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic sensor, a load cell and a Wi-Fi module. The Arduino microcontroller receives data from the ultrasonic sensor and load cell. The depth of the garbage in the bin is measured using ultrasonic sensor and the weight of the bin with garbage is measured from the load cell. The LCD screen is used to display the data. The Wi-Fi module transmits the above data to the internet. An open IoT platform Thingspeak is used to monitor the garbage system. With this system, the administrator can monitor and schedule garbage collection more efficiently. A prototype has been developed and tested. It has been found to work satisfactorily. The details are presented in this paper.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 736-743
Publish at: 2020-11-01

Analysis of a switching angle calculation by ANN for nine level inverter apply into experimental case study with elimination of lower and higher order harmonics

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp948-959
Mohammed Rasheed , Rosli Omar , Marizan Sulaiman , Wahidah Abd Halim , Moataz M.A. Alakkad
This paper confers an investigation of a selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique has gained wide acceptance for many AC drive applications, due to a higher DC bus voltage utilization (higher output voltage compared with the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), lower harmonic distortions and easy digital realization.” In recent years, the SHE technique was extensively adopted in multilevel inverters since it offers greater numbers of switching for obtaining further improvements of AC drive performances. “Nevertheless, the use of SHE-associated multilevel inverters will optimize the switching angles based on artificial neural networks (ANN) compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the modified CHB-MLI output voltage within permissible limits. The main objectives of this paper are the design and testing of the CHB-MLI modified topology laboratory for a nine-level single-phase prototype.” Also demonstrated were the experimental effects of using Digital Signal Processing (DSP) TMS320F2812 into a prototype. The controls were applied to the modified multilevel inverter, based on ANN and PSO. The proposed controller was then coded onto a board of DSP TMS320F2812. Compared with the PSO method, the inverter gives fewer THD using ANN scheme.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 948-959
Publish at: 2020-11-01

A new algorithm for water retention on magic square

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp1062-1069
Shatha A. Salman , Amal A. Ibrahim
The article describes new algorithms for water retention using magic square, based on the properties of magic square which is defined as an n n matrix with positive entries enabling to pouring amounts of water over the magic square and measuring the amount of water that does not leak out of the square. The new method effectiveness evaluation is confirmed by the calculation in many applications; one of them is water retention.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Page: 1062-1069
Publish at: 2020-11-01
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