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New design of wideband microstrip branch line coupler using T-shape and open stub for 5G application

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1346-1355
Ali Abdulateef Abdulbari , Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim , Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Abd Aziz , K. G. Tan , N. K. Noordin , M. Z. M. Nor
A new design of wideband branch-line coupler (BLC) using T-shape with open stub microstrip line is proposed. The branch line coupler is integrated with low and high impedance λ/4 transmission lines to achieve the comparatively compact size of (27.2 mm × 16.5 mm). operating the bandwidth in simulated of BLC from 2.9 to 4 GHz is obtained 30.22% with a frequency center of 3.5 GHz. Meanwhile, the measured bandwidth of the BLC is cover from 2.8 GHz to 4.22 GHz is equal 33.40% at the center frequency 3.55 GHz respectively. The BLC simulated has low isolation and high return loss of -29.28 dB and -30.69 dB at the center frequency 3.5 GHz.Whereas, the measured result has a simple difference in the return loss and isolation are -27.43dB and -24.46 dB at the frequency 3.55GHz respectively. This BLC design has a good coupling factor of -2.97 and insertion loss of -3.65 dB. Furthermore, it obtains an excellent amplitude and phases different between two output of ±0.1 and 93.6°±3.4° with high performance. There is a good agreement between the simulated result and the measured result. This branch line coupler design used for 5G applications for future wireless communication systems.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1346-1355
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Information system supporting research on rubber in Thailand

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1424-1430
Siriwan Kajornkasirat , Jirapond Muangprathub , Nathaphon Boonnam , Teerawad Sriklin
his research aimed to develop an information system supporting research on rubber (ISSR) in Thailand. This system was designed as a web application with responsive web design. The rubber database was developed with MySQL, used Apache Server as a Web Server and programed with PHP-script. High Chart, Google Chart API and Java Technology were used to represent an online information with graphical format. The system was tested with the actual data on rubber research in Southern Thailand. The system has been available online at URL http://www.s-cm.site/issr. There are three type of users: administrator, researcher (member) and generic user. The researcher performed data entry about research with log-in to the system using username and password provided by the automatic system via online registration form. The administrator can manage the research information. The researchers can manage their research information, use searching tool and leave comments on other member’s research. The generic users can access the system without username and password to view the research and general information on rubber. Moreover, the system generates a report on rubber research with online graphical format. In conclusion, this information system enhances investigation on rubber research in Thailand and its strategy planning for rubber plantation in the future.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1424-1430
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Methodology to improve the accuracy of the model in photovoltaic systems

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp28-37
Jose Galarza
The present research proposes a methodology to improve the estimation of the unknown parameters of the unitary diode model of the photovoltaic panel. To check the accuracy, a comparison with other methodologies known in the scientific literature is made. Through an iterative process, the best value of the series resistance and the ideality factor for different temperature and irradiance conditions are identified. The objective is to determine a simplified model that accurately estimates the power supplied by a photovoltaic installation. To check the effectiveness of the methodology, a comparison was made between the power estimated by the model and the power measurements of an experimental photovoltaic installation. The results based on statistical indicators show that the proposed methodology determines a simplified model of the unitary diode with a better capacity and accuracy with respect to the known methodologies.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 28-37
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Design of UWB microstrip patch antenna with variable band notched characteristics

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.18147
M. M. Hasan; International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Mahfuz , Md. Shazzadul; International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Islam , Islam Md.; International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Rafiqul , Mohamed Hadi; International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Habaebi , Nazmus; International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Sakib
Recently lower frequency band 4.5−5.5 GHz is proposed by the ASEAN countries for 5G cellular application and therefore, it is essential of designing an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna for the particular band-notched characteristics. In this article, a compact tuning fork shape ultra-wideband (UWB) patch antenna with a variable band-notched characteristic has been proposed for 5G cellular application. The UWB antenna has been achieved by using a tuning fork shape with a simple partial ground plane. A pair of ring shape slits (RSS) on the ground plane has been added to achieve the band-notched characteristic. The proposed antenna has achieved a large −10 dB bandwidth of 7.8 GHz (2.9−11 GHz) and the VSWR value is less than 2 for the entire bandwidth excepted for notched frequency bands of lower 5G bands (4.5−5.5 GHz). Moreover, the antenna has a peak radiation efficiency of more than 87% for UWB and less than 27% for the notched frequency band. The notched-band is shifted with the change in the position of RSS’s within the vertical axis and thus, the variable band-notched characteristics have been achieved. Besides, the proposed antenna is compact with the dimension of 45×34 mm2 that makes it suitable for the lower band of 5G application.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 357-363
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Delineation of electrocardiogram morphologies by using discrete wavelet transforms

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp159-167
Annisa Darmawahyuni , Siti Nurmaini , Hanif Habibie Supriansyah , Muhammad Irham Rizki Fauzi , Muhammad Naufal Rachmatullah , Firdaus Firdaus , Bambang Tutuko
The accuracy of electrocardiogram (ECG) delineation can affect the precise diagnose for cardiac disorders interpretation. Some nonideal ECG presentation can make a false decision in precision medicine. Besides, the physiological variation of heart rate and different characteristics of the different ECG waves in terms of shape, frequency, amplitude, and duration is also affected. This paper proposes a discrete wavelet transform (DWT), non-stationary signal analysis for noise removal, and onset-offset of PQRST feature extraction. A well-known database from Physionet: QT database (QTDB) is used to validate the DWT function for detecting the onset and offset of P-wave, QRS-complex, and T-wave localization. From the results, P-peak detection gets the highest result that achieves 2.19 and 13.62 milliseconds of mean error and standard deviation, respectively. In contrast, Toff has obtained the highest error value due to differences in the T-wave morphology. It can be affected by inverted or biphasic T-waves and others.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 159-167
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Coyote multi-objective optimization algorithm for optimal location and sizing of renewable distributed generators

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp975-983
E. M. Abdallah , M. I. El Sayed , M. M. Elgazzar , Amal A. Hassan
Research on the integration of renewable distributed generators (RDGs) in radial distribution systems (RDS) is increased to satisfy the growing load demand, reducing power losses, enhancing voltage profile, and voltage stability index (VSI) of distribution network. This paper presents the application of a new algorithm called ‘coyote optimization algorithm (COA)’ to obtain the optimal location and size of RDGs in RDS at different power factors. The objectives are minimization of power losses, enhancement of voltage stability index, and reduction total operation cost. A detailed performance analysis is implemented on IEEE 33 bus and IEEE 69 bus to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results are found to be in a very good agreement.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 975-983
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Review on load frequency control for power system stability

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16118
Muhammad Nizam; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Kamarudin , Nabilah; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Shaharudin , Noor Haqkimi Abd; Universiti Malaysia Perlis Rahman , Mohd Hendra; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hairi , Sahazati Md.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Rozali , Tole; Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Sutikno
Power system stability is the capability of power systems to maintain load magnitude within specified limits under steady state conditions in electrical power transmission. In modern days, the electrical power systems have grown in terms of complexity due to increasing interconnected power line exchange. For that, an inherent of controllers were essential to correct the deviation in the presence of external disturbances. This paper hence aims to review the basic concepts of power system stability in load frequency control. Various control techniques were analyzed and presented. Power system stability can be classified in terms of method to improve power system stability, which are rotor angle stability, frequency stability and voltage stability. It is found that each method has different purpose and focus on solving different types of problem occurred. It is hoped that this study can contribute to clarify the different types of power system stability in terms of where it occurs, and which is the best method based on different situation.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 638-644
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Usability improvement of public transit application through mental model and user journey

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.18323
Komang Candra; Universitas Brawijaya Brata , Aryo; Hiroshima University Pinandito , Nurizal Dwi; Universitas Brawijaya Priandani , Mahardeka Tri; Universitas Brawijaya Ananta
Using a mobile application that is featured with local public transit information can greatly improve user action, as well as assisting travelers to have a better experience while taking public transit services. Crowd environment inside a public transit is one of the most frequent causes that lead difficulties to passengers when they engaging their mobile devices to access their apps or in some conditions. Finding crucial information such as stops points and remaining time to interchanges point when switching to another line becomes more difficult in those conditions especially for foreigners who new in a particular region. This study presents the combination of a mental model and a usability approach to construct a user journey map that led to new insights on user's experiences and challenges when utilizing their mobile local transit application. This valuable information is a part of the elicitation process to propose an alternative interaction method to enhance the usability and travel experience of the public transit app. The experimental results indicate that in contrast to the existing mobile transit app, the proposed interface with the utilization of a wearable device could considerably enhance user action when trying to reach the desired location in terms of total time and performance. It implies that the proposed solution, which works through the mental model and user journey is able to intuitively enhance the public transit app usability.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 397-405
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Smart automatic petrol pump system based on internet of things

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1804-1811
Zahra'a M. Baqir , Hassan J. Motlak
IoT is that a rapid expanding program presently for blend all equipment things like (sensors, gadgets, hardware and so on.) assemble and embed those with programming creating our own gadgets use The petroleum pump is these days running physically. it's an activity that fundamentally a drawnout time and requires more workforce. Additionally, put fuel stations in away zones is extermely costly. So achievement an automatic fuel filling system using web technology to solve these problems. There are dense proposed systems which goal to improve the fueling operation so as to form it less difficulty and more dependabl and more-safe, guarinte that the purchaser gets the same quantity of fuel in interchange for what he/she pays, so assist to end fraud at different fuel stations. these systems take human-software interaction by the web-enabeled procedure, thus keep off all errors made by people. The fundamental objective of this review paper is to survey of recent projects in design protype of smart petro pump based on RFID as payment tool and control on it remotely with high security level and concluded with future potential direction in design of smart petrol pump system.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1804-1811
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Monitoring of solenoid parameters based on neural networks and optical fiber squeezer for solenoid valves diagnosis

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1697-1708
Abdallah Zahidi , Said Amrane , Nawfel Azami , Naoual Nasser
As crucial parts of various engineering systems, solenoid valves (SVs) operated by electromagnetic solenoid (EMS) are of great importance and their failure may lead to cause unexpected casualties. This failure, characterized by a degradation of the performances of the SVs, could be due to a fluctuations in the EMS parameters. These fluctuations are essentially attributed to the changes in the spring constant, coefficient of friction, inductance, and the resistance of the coil. Preventive maintenance by controlling and monitoring these parameters is necessary to avoid eventual failure of these actuators. The authors propose a new methodology for the functional diagnosis of electromagnetic solenoids (EMS) used in hydraulic systems. The proposed method monitors online the electrical and mechanical parameters varying over time by using artificial neural networks algorithm coupled with an optical fiber polarization squeezer based on EMS for polarization scrambling. First, the MATLAB/Simulink model is proposed to analyze the effect of the parameters on the dynamic EMS model. The result of this simulation is used for training the neural network, then a simulation is proposed using the neural net fitting toolbox to determine the solenoid parameters (Resistance of the coil R, stiffness K and coefficient of friction B of the spring) from the coefficients of the transfer function, established from the model step response. Future work will include not only diagnosing failure modes, but also predicting the remaining life based on the results of monitoring.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1697-1708
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Smart ambulance using IoT for blood transfer facilities

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp97-103
Mohamed A. Torad , Yahia H. Hossamel-din
In case of an accident occurrence, ambulance try to transport wounded and injured people to the nearest hospital, but if the injured persons need an urgent blood transfer, the emergency reception (ER) can check the availability of the needed blood type and quantity. If it is available, the emergency reception accepts the injured person, but if it is not available, the reception reroutes the ambulance to the nearest hospital which have the required blood type and quantity. So, a system created that save that wasted time to save injured people life as possible.  So, we create a system that save that wasted time to save injured people life as possible. So, the main contribution in this paper is selecting and determining the nearest hospital that own the proper blood types to save injurjed people lives using dijkstra algorithm. In this study, we use an android application at the ambulance which permit the paramedic to login and select the required blood type and quantity needed after determining the injured person’s blood type and the android application automatically determine the nearest hospital using the best shortest path algorithm (SPA) after checking the database and generate a pin code for the paramedic to deliver it with injured person to the ER and get the needed blood. This process will consequently decrease the used blood quantity from the database.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 97-103
Publish at: 2021-04-01

An effective feature extraction method for rice leaf disease classification

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16488
Muhammad Anwarul; University of Chittagong Azim , Mohammad Khairul; University of Chittagong Islam , Md. Marufur; University of Chittagong Rahman , Farah; University of Chittagong Jahan
Our society is getting more and more technology dependent day by day. Nevertheless, agriculture is imperative for our survival. Rice is one of the primary food grains. It provides sustenance to almost fifty percent of the world population and promotes huge amount of employments. Hence, proper mitigation of rice plant diseases is of paramount importance. A model to detect three rice leaf diseases, namely bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and leaf smut is proposed in this paper. Backgrounds of the images are removed by saturation threshold while disease affected areas are segmented using hue threshold. Distinctive features from color, shape, and texture domain are extracted from affected areas. These features can robustly describe local and global statistics of such images. Trying a couple of classification algorithms, extreme gradient boosting decision tree ensemble is incorporated in this model for its superior performance. Our model achieves 86.58% accuracy on rice leaf diseases dataset from UCI, which is higher than previous works on the same dataset. Class-wise accuracy of the model is also consistent among the classes.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 463-470
Publish at: 2021-04-01

A trust-based authentication framework for security of WPAN using network slicing

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1375-1387
Sazia Parvin , Amjad Gawanmeh , Sitalakshmi Venkatraman , Ali Alwadi , Jamal N. Al-Karaki , Paul D. Yoo
New technologies bring along many challenges including security and privacy. Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are characterized by limited energy resources and computing power that calls for lightweight security mechanisms in these networks as a mandatory requirement. In this paper, a lightweight trust-based framework for node authentication in WPAN is proposed. Our main objective is to minimise the effort in distinguishing valid requests of trustworthy nodes from invalid requests of malicious nodes that can result in network compromises. We achieve this through network slicing which divides the network into virtually primary and secondary networks. The proposed framework has three-fold benefits. First, it authenticates nodes’ requests based on a novel method of trust value calculation. Second, the framework maintains energy efficiency while authenticating nodes’ requests to access WPAN resources. Finally, the framework provides a solution for biasing problem that can arise due to unexpected behaviour of malicious users in WPANs. The framework efficacy is illustrated on a case study to shown how it can accurately capture trust relations among nodes while preventing malicious behavior.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1375-1387
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Hardware accelerator for anti-aliasing Wu's line algorithm using FPGA

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.18158
Basma M. K.; Northern Technical University Younis , Ahmed Kh.; Northern Technical University Younis
Digital images are suffering from the stair-step effect because they are built from small pixels. This effect termes aliasing and the method uses to decrease so-called anti-aliasing. This paper offers a hardware accelerator of an anti-aliasing algorithm using HLS (high level synthesis) along straight-line segments or edges. These straight-line segments are smoothed by modifying the intensity of the pixel. The hardware implementation of two different architectures which is based on Zynq FPGA are presented in this work. The first architecture is built from one core while the second architecture is built from multi-core and uses a parallel technique to speed up the algorithm by dividing line segments into sub-segments and drawing them after smoothing instantaneously to formulate the main line. This parallel usage leads to a very fast execution of Wu's algorithm which is represented one-tenth hardware runtime for one core only. Also, the optimized resource utilization and power consumption for different cores have been compared, through single-core design which utilizes 8% and consumes 1.6 W, while utilized resources using 10 cores are 77% with a power consumption of 2 W.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 672-682
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Multi-constraints based RPL objective function with adaptive stability for high traffic IoT applications

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp407-418
Abdelhadi Eloudrhiri Hassani , Aicha Sahel , Abdelmajid Badri , El Mourabit Ilham
The internet of things technology is classified as a Low power and lossy network. These kinds of networks require a trustworthy routing protocol considered as the backbone for management and high quality of service achievements. IPv6 routing protocol for Low power and lossy network (RPL) was able to gain popularity compared to other routing protocols dedicated to IoT for its great flexibility through the objective function. Default objective functions implemented in the RPL core are based on a single metric. Consequently, the routing protocol can’t cope with different constraints and show congestion issues in high traffics. For that, we proposed in our paper multi-constraints-based objective function with adaptive stability (MCAS-OF), which uses novel strategies for Radio strength indicator, node energy consumption, hop count and a designed work-metric combination, new rank processing, and parent selection procedure. The network stability was also taken into account, since the multi constraints can lead to frequent parent changes, using an adaptive threshold. The proposal, evaluated under the COOJA emulator against standard-RPL and EC-OF, showed a packet delivery ratio improvement by 24% in high traffics, a decrease in the power consumption close to 44%, achieved less latency and DIO control messages, it also gives a good workload balancing by reducing the standard deviation of node’s power consumption.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 407-418
Publish at: 2021-04-01
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