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31,456 Article Results

Multi-constraints based RPL objective function with adaptive stability for high traffic IoT applications

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp407-418
Abdelhadi Eloudrhiri Hassani , Aicha Sahel , Abdelmajid Badri , El Mourabit Ilham
The internet of things technology is classified as a Low power and lossy network. These kinds of networks require a trustworthy routing protocol considered as the backbone for management and high quality of service achievements. IPv6 routing protocol for Low power and lossy network (RPL) was able to gain popularity compared to other routing protocols dedicated to IoT for its great flexibility through the objective function. Default objective functions implemented in the RPL core are based on a single metric. Consequently, the routing protocol can’t cope with different constraints and show congestion issues in high traffics. For that, we proposed in our paper multi-constraints-based objective function with adaptive stability (MCAS-OF), which uses novel strategies for Radio strength indicator, node energy consumption, hop count and a designed work-metric combination, new rank processing, and parent selection procedure. The network stability was also taken into account, since the multi constraints can lead to frequent parent changes, using an adaptive threshold. The proposal, evaluated under the COOJA emulator against standard-RPL and EC-OF, showed a packet delivery ratio improvement by 24% in high traffics, a decrease in the power consumption close to 44%, achieved less latency and DIO control messages, it also gives a good workload balancing by reducing the standard deviation of node’s power consumption.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 407-418
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Effects of BaSO4 nano-particles on the enhancement of the optical performance of white LEDs

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16855
Huu Phuc; Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City Dang , Phung Ton; Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City That , Dao Huy; Ton Duc Thang University Tuan
The usage of BaSO4 nanoparticles on WLEDs luminous flux and color uniformity improvements have been analyzed and demonstrated in this manuscript. The mixture of BaSO4 and silicone placed on the yellow phosphor layer benefits the internal light scattering and thus enhances the angular correlated color temperature (CCT) homogeneity. Specifically, the blue-light intensity at large angles tend to increase and results in light intensity discrepancy, which can be corrected with added BaSO4. In addition to this, the BaSO4-silicone composite modifies the refractive index of the air-phosphor layer interface to an appropriate value, and thus, the luminous efficiency increases. The results show that the CCT deviations is reduced by 580 K, from 1000 K to 420 K, within the angle range from -700 to +700 with BaSO4 in the phosphor structure. The increase in luminous flux is also recorded by 2.25%, in comparison with that of the non-BaSO4 traditional structure, at the 120-mA driving current. Hence, integrating BaSO4 nanoparticles into the remote phosphor structure can contributes to the enhancement of both lumen output and CCT uniformity.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 603-607
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Automatic segmentation of plantar thermograms using adaptive C means technique

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1250-1258
Madhava Prabhu S. , Seema Verma
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the major concern of diabetes and it is rapidly increasing, in worst case scenario this may lead to amputation. The DFU can be avoided by the early detection and proper diagnosis. Many of the studies carried out highlights that, thermography is the most useful technique to measure the changes in the temperature of plantar surface and alerts to indicate the risk associated with DFU. The distribution of temperature does not have a fixed pattern across the patients, hence it makes the difficulty in measuring the appropriate changes. This gap will provide a scope to improve the analysis technique so as to measure the plantar surface temperature effectively and identify any abnormal changes. In this paper, the segmentation algorithm namely adaptive C means (ACM) for the image segmentation is discussed. ACM is based on the spatial information and this method includes the two stage implementation. In the first stage, nonlocal spatial information is added and in the second stage, spatial shape information is used in order to refine the constraint of local spatial. Outcome of the proposed method shows that ACM is very much effective and it outperforms the other existing methods.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1250-1258
Publish at: 2021-04-01

High-speed radix-10 multiplication using partial shifter adder tree-based convertor

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.14991
Utsav Kumar; Government Engineering College Malviya
A radix-10 multiplication is the foremost frequent operations employed by several monetary business and user-oriented applications, decimal multiplier using in state of art digital systems are significantly good but can be upgraded with time delay and area optimization. This work is proposed a more area and time delay optimized new design of overloaded decimal digit set (ODDS) architecture-based radix-10 multiplier for signed numbers. Binary coded decimal (BCD) to binary followed by binary multiplication and finally binary to BCD conversion are 3 major modules employed in radix-10 multiplication. This paperwork presents a replacement technique for binary coded decimal (BCD) to binary and vice-versa convertors in radix-10 multiplication. A novel addition tree structure called as partial shifter adder (PSA) tree-based approach has been developed for BCD to binary conversion, and it is used to add partially generated products. To meet our major concern i.e. speed, we need particular high-speed multiplication, hence the proposed PSA based radix-10 multiplier is using vertical cross binary multiplication and concurrent shifter-based addition method. The design has been tested on 45nm technology-based Zynq-7 field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices with a 6-input lookup table (LUTs). A combinational implementation maps quite well into the slice structure of the Xilinx Zynq-7 families field programmable gate array. The synthesis results for a Zynq-7 device indicate that our design outperforms in terms of the area and time delay.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 556-563
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Machine learning with multistage classifiers for identification of of ectoparasite infected mud crab genus Scylla

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16724
Rozniza; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Ali , Muhamad Munawarar; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Yusro , Muhammad Suzuri; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Hitam , Mhd Ikhwanuddin; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Abdullah
Recently, the mud-crab farming can help the rural population economically. However, the existing parasite in the mud-crabs could interfere the long live of the mud-crabs. Unfortunately, the parasite has been identified to live in hundreds of mud-crabs, particularly it happened in Terengganu Coastal Water, Malaysia. This study investigates the initial identification of the parasite features based on their classes by using machine learning techniques. In this case, we employed five classifiers i.e logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbors (kNN), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), support vector machine (SVM), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). We compared these five classfiers to best performance of classification of the parasites. The classification process involving three stages. First, classify the parasites into two classes (normal and abnormal) regardless of their ventral types. Second, classified sexuality (female or male) and maturity (mature or immature). Finally, we compared the five classifiers to identify the species of the parasite. The experimental results showed that GNB and LDA are the most effective classifiers for carrying out the initial classification of the rhizocephalan parasite within the mud crab genus Scylla.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 406-413
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Cloud-based platforms for LoRa internet of things: a survey

10.11591/ijict.v10i1.pp54-64
Mouna Gassara , Manel Elleuchi , Mohamed Abid
Internet of Things (IoT) establishes a smart communication system between the human being and the surrounding objects (or “things”) while using the internet as the backbone of this system. Cloud is the fundamental constituent of IoT. It offers important application services in numerous application domains. Indeed, many IoT cloud platforms are competing to provide appropriate and very specific IoT services. The LoRa platform in particular presents a long-range, low-bit rate, low-power, wireless telecommunication protocol for IoT. As such, end-devices make use of LoRa through a sole wireless hop in order to communicate to the gateway(s) that is (are) considered as relay messages and transparent bridges between these end-devices and an IoT cloud while connecting to the Internet. This article surveys the most used IoT cloud platforms suitable for the LoRa communication protocol through a deep and detailed study of previously published works related to this topic. Moreover, a comparison is made between these IoT cloud platforms according to their characteristics and application domains. The overall aim of the present paper is to provide researchers in the field with detailed knowledge concerning the IoT cloud platforms appropriate to the LoRa communication system including the advantages and drawbacks of each one of them.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 54-64
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Hybrid sliding PID controller for torsional vibrations mitigation in rotary drilling systems

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp146-158
Chafiaa Mendil , Madjid Kidouche , Mohamed Zinelabidine Doghmane
During the drilling process, the drilling system devices can be exposed to several types of phenomena incited by lateral, axial, and torsional vibrations. The latter can lead to severe damages if they are not efficiently controlled and quickly mitigated. This research work is focused on the torsional vibrations, which are stimulated by the nonlinear dynamical interaction between the geological rocks and the drill bit. Wherein, a model with three degrees of freedom was designed to demonstrate the severity of the stick-slip phenomenon as consequence of torsional vibrations. The main objective of this study was to design a robust controller based on hybridizing a conventional PID controller with sliding mode approach in order to mitigate rapidly the torsional vibrations. Moreover, a comparative study between PI, PID and sliding mode controllers allowed us to emphasize the effectiveness of the new hybrid controller and improve the drilling system performances. Furthermore, the chattering phenomenon in the sliding surface was overcome by using the saturation function rather than the sign function. The obtained results proved the usefulness of the proposed controller in suppressing the stick-slip phenomenon for smart industrial drilling systems.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 146-158
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Face Recognition with Frame size reduction and DCT compression using PCA algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp168-178
Padmaja vijaykumar , Jeevan K Mani
Face recognition has become a very important study of research because it has a variety of applications in research field such as human computer interaction, pattern recognition (PR). A successful face recognition procedure, be it mathematical or numerical, depends on the particular choice of the features used by the classifier. Feature selection in pattern recognition consists of the derivation of salient features present in the raw input data in order to reduce the amount of data used for classification. For the successful face recognition, the database images must have sufficient information so that when presented with the probe image, the recognition must be possible. Majority of times, there is always excess information present in the database images, leads higher storage, hence optimum size of the images needs to be stored in the database for good performance, are compressed with reduction in frame size and then compressed with that of the DCT. 
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 168-178
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Aluminum based nanostructures for energy applications

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.18146
Mohammad Tariq; University of Mosul Yaseen , Abdalem A.; University of Mosul Rasheed
The plasmonic material properties of aluminum allow active plasmon resonances extending from the blue color in the visible range to the ultraviolet (UV) region of the spectrum. Whereas Al is usually avoided for applications of plasmonics due to its losses in the infrared spectrum region. In this work, the study of the scatter and absorption of disk nanoantennas (DNAs) using various types of materials Au, Ag, and Al is accomplished by using the CST microwave studio suite simulation. The results showed that Al can offer good plasmonic properties when DNA radius is 25 nm to 125 nm at 20 nm height and working wavelengths longer than 800 nm in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Al produces negative plasmonic features around 800 nm wavelength due to the interband transition in the imaginary part of epsilon. For Au and Ag, the plasmonic characteristics rapidly decayed when the DNA radius was higher than 60 nm, but in contrast, Al offers good plasmonic features at these large dimensions of DNAs. This extended response of Al in UV, visible, and NIR, incorporated with its low cost, natural abundance, low native oxide, and amenability to industrial processes, could make Al an extremely promising plasmonic metal candidate for energy applications.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 683-689
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Web-based material requisition system in the supply chain of construction businesses

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1531-1538
Afolabi Olushola Adedeji , Abraham Yewande S. , Awosika Oluwafikunmi
In the construction project delivery process, the supply chain of construction businesses can only be efficient and effective based on the prompt availability of building materials. Whereas, the process of requisition for the materials on the construction site, if not handled appropriately, can adversely affect construction performance. Therefore, the study was aimed at developing a web-based material requisition system (W-BMRS) that will make the supply chain on construction sites seamless and more effective. A use case and an activity block diagram provided an understanding of the users and functionalities of the material requisition platform. In addition, using a different user interface and a database system including a programming language to connect them, the study developed a web-based material requisition system for construction firms using the model view controller (MVC) model. The MVC model comprised of using MySQL, HTML, and PHP. The W-BMRS was tested by sending materials requisition through the supply chain of a construction firm. The results were presented via screenshots of the web-based platform. In conclusion, any construction firm can register on the platform and make use of the web-based materials requisition system to maximize productivity and optimize the use of ICT in their materials’ supply chain process.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1531-1538
Publish at: 2021-04-01

High speed modified carry save adder using a structure of multiplexers

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1591-1598
Ahmed Salah Hameed , Marwa Jawad Kathem
Adders are the heart of data path circuits for any processor in digital computer and signal processing systems. Growth in technology keeps supporting efficient design of binary adders for high speed applications. In this paper, a fast and area-efficient modified carry save adder (CSA) is presented. A multiplexer based design of full adder is proposed to implement the structure of the CSA. The proposed design of full adder is employed in designing all stages of traditional CSA. By modifying the design of full adder in CSA, the complexity and area of the design can be reduced, resulting in reduced delay time. The VHDL implementations of CSA adders including (the proposed version, traditional CSA, and modified CSAs presented in literature) are simulated using Quartus II synthesis software tool with the altera FPGA EP2C5T144C6 device (Cyclone II). Simulation results of 64-bit adder designs demonstrate the average improvement of 17.75%, 1.60%, and 8.81% respectively for the worst case time, thermal power dissipation and number of FPGA logic elements.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1591-1598
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Analysis of the influence of the ambient temperature on the energy efficiency of solar modules by application of empirical correlations for natural convection

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16102
Shahir Fleyeh; Tikrit University Nawaf , Mohammad Omar; Tikrit University Salih , Younis Nather; Tikrit University Younis
In this paper, the effect of the ambient temperature on photovoltaic (PV) modules for different angles of inclinations and different intensities of the solar radiation on the surface of PV module is considered using empirical correlations for natural convection. The analysis used an analytical model based on the energy balance equilibrium between PV module and the environment. It has been shown that in real conditions of exploitation, the value of the solar conversion coefficient of the solar energy to be determined by the manufacturer, valid for the standard test conditions (STC) for PV module (25 °C -1000 W/m2). The results obtained indicates that in the case a smaller number of PV modules corresponding to the required number for average household. The proposed procedure can be applied in the techno-economic analysis for PV system with uniaxial monitoring of the sun position as well as static PV systems.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 540-546
Publish at: 2021-04-01

A trust-based authentication framework for security of WPAN using network slicing

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1375-1387
Sazia Parvin , Amjad Gawanmeh , Sitalakshmi Venkatraman , Ali Alwadi , Jamal N. Al-Karaki , Paul D. Yoo
New technologies bring along many challenges including security and privacy. Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are characterized by limited energy resources and computing power that calls for lightweight security mechanisms in these networks as a mandatory requirement. In this paper, a lightweight trust-based framework for node authentication in WPAN is proposed. Our main objective is to minimise the effort in distinguishing valid requests of trustworthy nodes from invalid requests of malicious nodes that can result in network compromises. We achieve this through network slicing which divides the network into virtually primary and secondary networks. The proposed framework has three-fold benefits. First, it authenticates nodes’ requests based on a novel method of trust value calculation. Second, the framework maintains energy efficiency while authenticating nodes’ requests to access WPAN resources. Finally, the framework provides a solution for biasing problem that can arise due to unexpected behaviour of malicious users in WPANs. The framework efficacy is illustrated on a case study to shown how it can accurately capture trust relations among nodes while preventing malicious behavior.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1375-1387
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Real time ear recognition using deep learning

10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.18322
Ahmed M.; University of Mosul Alkababji , Omar H.; University of Mosul Mohammed
Automatic identity recognition of ear images represents an active area of interest within the biometric community. The human ear is a perfect source of data for passive person identification. Ear images can be captured from a distance and in a covert manner; this makes ear recognition technology an attractive choice for security applications and surveillance in addition to related application domains. Differing from other biometric modalities, the human ear is neither affected by expressions like faces are nor do need closer touching like fingerprints do. In this paper, a deep learning object detector called faster region based convolutional neural networks (Faster R-CNN) is used for ear detection. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is used as feature extraction. principal component analysis (PCA) and genetic algorithm are used for feature reduction and selection respectively and a fully connected artificial neural network as a matcher. The testing proved the accuracy of 97.8% percentage of success with acceptable speed and it confirmed the accuracy and robustness of the proposed system.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 523-530
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Modeling and simulation of a 3-ф induction motor based on two types of WFA

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1105-1113
Ahmed J. Ali , Laith A. Khalaf , Ahmed H. Ahmed
This paper has been proposed to simulate the transient model of 3-Ф cage rotor induction motor based on winding function approach (WFA). According to this method the motor is assumed to be consist of an electrical circuits on both stator and rotor. The magneto motive forces (MMF) that have been generated by these circuits play a role for coupling them together. Then mutual and self-inductances will be easily computed using WFA. Two types of WFA have been used to build and simulate the model of the induction motor. In the one part type, it’s assumed that the coupling MMF between stator and rotor have a non-sinusoidal shapes according to the actual windings distribution over the motor slots. While in second part type the generated MMF in are assumed to have sinusoidal waveform. The suggested models may be used to simulate the dynamic as well as steady state performance of a faulty and non-faulty motor. A simulation of the suggested models that consists of m-rotor bars and n-stator phases multiple coupled circuit-based has been performed using matlab m.file and the results of the motor current have been proved in its nonlinear way by using WFA.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1105-1113
Publish at: 2021-04-01
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