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31,456 Article Results

Technical experience with tempera paintings in a bachelor degree course in Turkey

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20667
Gonca Erim , Ismail Tetikci , Remziye Ersoy
This article aims to understand the place of the tempera technique in art history, which is thought to be encountered for the first time by art education undergraduate students, and to determine the effects on the participants after the application. The study consists of the findings and results of the first and second research questions in the master thesis “Tempera technique and its use in the course of painting courses on undergraduate level.” In this study the “case study” pattern was used, and is one of the qualitative research approaches. The participants of the research are eight students studying in Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Education, Department of Fine Arts Education in the 2018-2019 academic year. The data collection tools of literature review and two interview forms interview were used. The findings obtained were evaluated by thematic analysis technique. According to the findings obtained in the research, it was observed that the participants did not have prior knowledge about the tempera technique before oral presentation and application. It was concluded that there were differences in the levels of interest and knowledge after the teaching process, and that there were positive changes in their opinions regarding the technique.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 245-254
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Characterization and hierarchical static timing analysis of mixed-signal design

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp18-24
Sowmya K. B. , Thanushree M.
As the technology grows, the tendency to increase the data rate also increases. Clocks with higher frequencies have to be generated to meet the increased data rate. Any mismatch between the clock rate and data rate will lead to the capture of the wrong data. Hence performing timing analysis for any design to validate the capture of correct data plays a major role in any System on chip. This paper explains the procedure followed to perform timing analysis for any mixed-signal design.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 18-24
Publish at: 2021-03-01

A design methodology for approximate multipliers in convolutional neural networks: A case of MNIST

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp1-10
Kenta Shirane , Takahiro Yamamoto , Hiroyuki Tomiyama
In this paper, we present a case study on approximate multipliers for MNIST Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We apply approximate multipliers with different bit-width to the convolution layer in MNIST CNN, evaluate the accuracy of MNIST classification, and analyze the trade-off between approximate multiplier’s area, critical path delay and the accuracy. Based on the results of the evaluation and analysis, we propose a design methodology for approximate multipliers. The approximate multipliers consist of some partial products, which are carefully selected according to the CNN input. With this methodology, we further reduce the area and the delay of the multipliers with keeping high accuracy of the MNIST classification.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1-10
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Combining feature selection and hybrid approach redefinition in handling class imbalance and overlapping for multi-class imbalanced

10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1513-1522
Hartono Hartono , Erianto Ongko , Yeni Risyani
In the classification process that contains class imbalance problems. In addition to the uneven distribution of instances which causes poor performance, overlapping problems also cause performance degradation. This paper proposes a method that combining feature selection and hybrid approach redefinition (HAR) method in handling class imbalance and overlapping for multi-class imbalanced. HAR was a hybrid ensembles method in handling class imbalance problem. The main contribution of this work is to produce a new method that can overcome the problem of class imbalance and overlapping in the multi-class imbalance problem.  This method must be able to give better results in terms of classifier performance and overlap degrees in multi-class problems. This is achieved by improving an ensemble learning algorithm and a preprocessing technique in HAR using minimizing overlapping selection under SMOTE (MOSS). MOSS was known as a very popular feature selection method in handling overlapping. To validate the accuracy of the proposed method, this research use augmented R-Value, Mean AUC, Mean F-Measure, Mean G-Mean, and Mean Precision. The performance of the model is evaluated against the hybrid method (MBP+CGE) as a popular method in handling class imbalance and overlapping for multi-class imbalanced. It is found that the proposed method is superior when subjected to classifier performance as indicate with better Mean AUC, F-Measure, G-Mean, and precision.
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page: 1513-1522
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Smart metering system data analytics platform using multicore edge computing

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp11-17
Juan C. Olivares-Rojas , Enrique Reyes-Archundia , José A. Gutiérrez-Gnecchi , Ismael Molina-Moreno , Adriana C. Téllez-Anguiano , Jaime Cerda-Jacobo
The smart grid revolution has only been possible, thanks to the development and proliferation of smart meters. The increasingly growing computing capabilities for Internet of Things devices have made it possible for data to be processed directly from the devices where it is produced; this has been called edge computing. Edge computing is allowing the smart grid to become increasingly intelligent to solve problems that make electricity consumption more efficient and environmentally friendly. This work presents the implementation of a smart metering system that allows data analytics using a multiprocessing architecture directly on the smart meter. The results show that the development of smart meters with data analytics capabilities at the edge is a reality today, and the use of multiprocessing permits the improvement of data processing.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 11-17
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Monolayer and bilayer graphene field effect transistor using Verilog-A

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp56-64
Nayana G. H. , Vimala P.
Monolayer and bilayer graphene field effect transistor modeling is presented in this paper. The transport model incorporated, works well for both drift diffusive and ballistic conditions. The validity of the model was checked for various device dimensions and bias voltages. Performance parameters affecting operation of graphene field effect transistor in various region of operation are optimized. Model was developed to verify transfer characteristics for monolayer and bilayer graphene field effect transistor. Results obtained prove the ambipolar property in Graphene. MATLAB is used for numerical modeling for systematic performance evaluation of parameters in graphene. The tool used to simulate the characteristics is cadence Verilog-A which describe analog component structure.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 56-64
Publish at: 2021-03-01

The use of reflective practice towards achieving effective English language teaching at primary schools

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20956
Siti Noor Aneeis Hashim , Nurahimah Mohd Yusoff
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of reflective practice by English language teachers in providing effective English language teaching in primary school classrooms. This qualitative case study involving six in-service English language teachers who were selected based on purposive sampling. The data in this study were collected using teachers’ reflection logs and a series of semi-structured interviews with the English language teachers. Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes based on the codes gathered from the interviews and teachers’ reflections logs. The results showed that the English language teachers used reflective practice erstwhile in preparing and providing effective English language teaching for the students. They reviewed what has been accomplished and identify constructive guidelines to follow to succeed in the future teaching. They have also been doing variations of changes in teaching based on reflecting on the quality of instruction, levels of instruction, using incentive to motivate the students and managing time equally in teaching and learning process to help the children in learning English language. Since there is no clear guideline for teachers who use reflective practice in their classes, this study provided some insights on the preparations and the use of reflective practice as part of their teaching and learning process.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 364-374
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Ultra high speed full adder for biomedical applications

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp25-31
Basavoju Harish , M. S. S. Rukmini
In the field of bio medical engineering high performance CPU for digital signal processing plays a significant role. Frequency efficient circuit is a paramount requirement for the portable digital devices employing various digital processors. In this work a novel high speed one-bit 10T full adder with complemented output was described. The circuit was constructed with XOR gates which were built using two CMOS transistors. The XOR gate was constructed using 2T multiplexer circuit style. It was observed that power consumption of the designed circuit at 180nm with supply voltage 1.8V is 183.6 uW and delay was 1.809 ps whereas power consumption at 90nm with supply voltage 1.2V is 25.74 uW and delay was 8.245 ps. The observed Power Delay Product (PDP) in 180nm (at supply voltage 1.8V) is 0.33 and in 90nm (at supply voltage 1.2V) is 0.212. The work was extended by implementing a 32-bit Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) and was found that the delay at 180nm is 93.7ps and at 90nm is 198ps. The results were drawn at 180nm and also 90nm technology using CAD tool. The results say that the present work offered significant enhancement in speed and PDP compared with existing designs.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 25-31
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Simulation and manufacturing of modified circular monopole microstrip antenna for UWB applications

10.11591/ijaas.v10.i1.pp70-78
Bilal S. Taha , Hamzah M. Marhoon
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is one of the most promising wireless communication solutions to be developed quickly because of the high-speed data, wide bandwidth and excellent immunity to multipath interference. In this work, the compact design of a modified circular monopole microstrip antenna is simulated and manufactured for the UWB applications. The simulation process of the proposed antenna was done based on the finite integration of the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio (MWS). The proposed antenna comprises a copper radiating patch, Roger’s Kappa-438 substrate, and a single stub act as a reflector. The simulation results showed a reasonable agreement with the results of the measurement and good performance was achieved in the range from 1.8 to 10 GHz with VSWR less than 2.0.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 70-78
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Recurrence relation and DNA sequence: A state-of-art technique for secret sharing

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp65-76
Anirban Bhowmik , Sunil Karforma , Joydeep Dey
During the transmission over the Internet, protection of data and information is an important issue. Efficient cryptographic techniques are used for protection but everything depends on the encryption key and robustness of encryption algorithm. Threshold cryptography provides the development of reliable and strong encryption and key management machine which can reconstruct the message even in the case of destruction of some particular numbers of shares and at the opposite the data cannot be reconstructed unless an allowable set of shares are been gathered. The earlier techniques available in literature result in high computational complexity in the course of both sharing and reconstructing of message. Our method employs a brand new easy protecting technique based totally on unit matrix. The simple AND operation is used for percentage generation and reconstruction can be finished by way of easy ORing the stocks with threshold cost. We are proposing a sharing approach in conjunction with conventional cryptography technique for key control to make the key greater sturdy and for encryption we have used a session key the use of the idea of recurrence relation and DNA series Different types of experimental results confirm authenticity, confidentiality, integrity and acceptance of our technique.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 65-76
Publish at: 2021-03-01

CORE learning model: Its effectiveness towards students’ creative thinking

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20813
Antomi Saregar , Umi Nur Cahyanti , Misbah Misbah , Nur Endah Susilowati , Adyt Anugrah , Nurlaela Muhammad
The research has been carried out at the Islamic junior high school of East Lampung to determine the effectiveness of the Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, and Extending (CORE) learning model on students’ creative thinking skills on sound waves topic. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Data on creative thinking skill were collected using essay test instrument. This research was conducted on the eighth-grade students of an Islamic senior high school in East Lampung with a sample of 60 students taken by using purposive sampling technique. Based on the Effect Size test, the effectiveness value of the CORE model on students’ creative thinking skills are 0.48 which is in the medium category. These results prove that the CORE learning model is effective in enhancing students’ creative thinking skills on sound wave material. This study also provides a storyboard on how to apply an effective CORE model to improve students’ creative thinking abilities.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 35-41
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Prediction of the effects of environmental factors towards COVID-19 outbreak using AI-based models

10.11591/ijai.v10.i1.pp35-42
Khalid Mahmoud , Hatice Bebiş , A. G. Usman , A. N. Salihu , M. S. Gaya , Umar Farouk Dalhat , R. A. Abdulkadir , M. B. Jibril , S. I. Abba
The need for elucidating the effects of environmental factors in the determination of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) is very vital. This study is a methodological study to compare three different test models (1. Artificial neural networks (ANN), 2. Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), 3. A linear classical model (MLR)) used to determine the relationship between COVID-19 spread and environmental factors (temperature, humidity and wind). These data were obtained from the studies (Pirouz, Haghshenas, Haghshenas, & Piro, 2020) with confirmed COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, using temperature, humidity and wind as the independent variables. The measured and the predicted results were checked based on three different performance indices; Root mean square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2) and correlation coefficient (R). The results showed that ANFIS and ANN are more promising over the classical MLR models having an average R-values of 0.90 in both calibration and verification stages. The findings indicated that ANFIS outperformed MLR and ANN. In addition, their performance skills boosted up to 25% and 9% respectively based on the determination coefficient for the prediction of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Wuhan city of China. Overall, the results depict the reliability and ability of AI-based models (ANFIS and ANN) for the simulation of COVID-19 using the effects of various environmental variables. 
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 35-42
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Deep learning model for glioma, meningioma, and pituitary classification

10.11591/ijaas.v10.i1.pp88-98
Toqa A. Sadoon , Mohammed H. Ali
One of the common causes of death is a brain tumor. Because of the above mentioned, early detection of a brain tumor is critical for faster treatment, and therefore there are many techniques used to visualize a brain tumor. One of these techniques is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). On the other hand, machine learning, deep learning, and convolutional neural network (CNN) are the state of art technologies in recent years used in solving many medical image-related problems such as classification. In this research, three types of brain tumors were classified using magnetic resonance imaging namely glioma, meningioma, and pituitary gland on the based of CNN. The dataset used in this work includes 233 patients for a total of 3,064 contrast-enhanced T1 images. In this paper, a comparison is presented between the presented model and other models to demonstrate the superiority of our model over the others. Moreover, the difference in outcome between pre- and post-data pre-processing and augmentation was discussed. The highest accuracy metrics extracted from confusion matrices are a precision of 99.1% for the pituitary, a sensitivity of 98.7% for glioma, a specificity of 99.1%, and an accuracy of 99.1% for the pituitary. The overall accuracy obtained is 96.1%.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 88-98
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Design and development of a parallelized algorithm for face recognition in mobile cloud environment

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp47-55
K. N. Bhatt , Sanket S Naik Dessai , V. S. Yerragudi
Face recognition is the biometric application to recognise the identity. Face recognition application holds a set of images which are called databases stored by the user at cloud database. Cloud computing environment, database can be stored in the cloud environment to achieve huge data storage area. The problem with these data storages are that because of that huge size processing on this storage takes too much of compiling time. This paper aims to develop face recognition in mobile cloud environment by exploiting data or task parallelism in existing face recognition algorithms. To design and develop parallel PCA based face recognition algorithm. The parallel PCA face recognition algorithm has been deployed in the cloud server for performing PCA by request of user. It matches the image on the cloud server and gives response back to the user in the fewer amounts of time and with reduced latency. The developed Parallel PCA face recognition algorithm has minimized the overall response time for the face recognition algorithm. The performance of the developed system is tested and analysed on real face images. To analyse the developed system, a centralized and distributed based server methods are developed and comparison is being carried out. The conclusion drawn that the distributed server improves the efficiency as well as the computing power as compared with centralized server system. The comparison of centralized and distributed based servers is carried out by observing the time taken while varying the number of images in the training dataset.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 47-55
Publish at: 2021-03-01

A survey on IoT application layer protocols

10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1663-1672
Harth G. Hamid , Zainab T. Alisa
The constant evolution in internet technology has made. The internet of things (IoT) to be the center of research fields in computer engineering. This review paper discusses the choice of an application layer protocol in an IoT system integration so first, the paper briefly defines the potential protocols. After that, it opens up a comparison between these protocols according to how they manage their overhead and messages which affects traffic management and thus starts the discussion. The main contribution of this work is the simplification of comparison between session layer protocols in the benefit of IoT applications exclusively. IoT system Standards and platforms are being improved constantly. IoT enables application devices to connect and coordinate their tacks, such applications like healthcare, smart home, and industrial automation. Several protocols have been discussed to provide effective communication for resource-limited devices. However, their traffic management is still a field for researches, to find the optimal protocol choice for different situations. The review collects the results of other works that experimentally compared application layer protocols in the IoT environment and presents the graphical and tabular compression. Finally, the conclusion summarize the choice in different applications.
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page: 1663-1672
Publish at: 2021-03-01
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