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Off-grid rural electrification using integrated renewable energy sources

10.11591/ijaas.v10.i1.pp1-12
Fortune Chukwuebuka Amanze , Destiny Josiah Amanze
Presented in this study is an economic and technical evaluation to determine the optimal system combination for off-grid power generation based on solar, wind, and biodiesel renewable energy resource. Nsukka being endowed with high-intensity solar radiation, adequate wind speed, and sufficient bioresource is a prospective candidate for a hybrid system. The monthly average daily global radiation ranges from 3.91 kWh/m2 to 5.74 kWh/m2 and the average wind speed is about 2.64 m/s. This system was designed to meet the load requirement of the school with annual electrical demand of 10,163 MWh. Sensitivity analysis was carried out based on the effect of changes in biodiesel fuel price and interest rates on the economic performance criteria of the optimal configuration. The optimum hybrid system is composed of a 1 kW capacity PV system, an auto-sized biodiesel generator, and a battery bank of 820 h of autonomy. The levelized cost of energy from the optimal system was found to be $0.0898 per kWh based on sensitivity results. These results obtained show that an integrated system with the combination of PV, biodiesel generator, and battery bank is a cost-effective alternative to grid extension which cost $0.126 per kWh. The system's life span is for 25 years, and it is sustainable, economical, technically feasible, and environmentally friendly.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1-12
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Design and simulation of an adaptive beam smart antenna using MATLAB

10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1584-1593
Aaron Don M. Africa , Rica Rizabel M. Tagabuhin , Jan Jayson S. D. Tirados
Signals transmitted over a long range of distance may pass through several obstacles and scatter, taking multiple paths to reach the receiver. Beamforming antennas are controlled electronically to adjust the radiation pattern following the first received signal. This allows the antenna to maximize the received signal and consequently, suppress the interfering signals received. A smart antenna should be able to diminish noise, increase the signal to noise ratio, and have better system competence. The adaptive beam makes use of the spacing of the several antennas and the phase of the signal of each antenna array to control the shape and direction of the signal beam. This paper focuses on the use of smart antennas using an adaptive beam method as a better system for the transmission of signals. A simulation between the existing Omnidirectional antenna system and the smart antenna system will be made and compared. The paper will discuss the corresponding advantages that a smart antenna system has compared to the Omnidirectional antenna system.
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page: 1584-1593
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Validating the teaching, learning, and assessment quality of Malaysian ECCE instrument

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20857
Hishamuddin Ahmad , Nordin Mamat , Mazlina Che Mustafa , Syahida Iryani Mohd Yusoff
Several instruments that measure the teaching, learning, and assessment quality have been developed and published. However, a psychometrically sound instrument to measure teaching, learning, and assessment quality in early childhood care and education that suitable for the Malaysian context needs to be validated. Therefore, this study aimed to validate on teaching, learning, and assessment quality in early childhood care and education instrument, which contains 68 items. The sample comprised 3,498, selected by stratified random sampling from a population of all Malaysian kindergarten teachers. Data were analyzed based on the Polytomous Item Response Theory (IRT) using the Xcalibre software. Samejima's Graded Rating Model (SRGM) was found to be the fit model with the data. Unidimensionality assumption and local independence were tested using the exploratory factor analysis and were fulfilled. The instrument’s reliability was overall very good (α=0.966) and the construct validity was also fairly fulfilled with the value of 58.17% total variance explained. Therefore, this instrument is suggested to be used as fairly to measure the quality of Malaysian early childhood care and education among teachers so that appropriate follow-up actions can be implemented towards the betterment of early childhood education quality.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 135-141
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Systematising troubleshooting of disputes in network

10.11591/ijres.v10.i1.pp32-36
Sowmya K. B. , Thejaswini A.
With the growing network size, virtualization everywhere, it is getting more difficult to configure and manage the network devices. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a way to address these problems. Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) is the Cisco’s solution to SDN, with centralized automation and policy-driven application profiles. If there is any bug in the network or problem with the expected functionality of the network, ACI cases are opened in the Technical Assistance Centre (TAC) for troubleshooting the issue. Engineers currently troubleshoot ACI cases manually by using Command Line Interface (CLI) and trace for different events triggered by the policy pushes by logs generated at different stages of the ACI and from different servers responsible for this, which indeed is a very tedious, time consuming task and is prone to manual errors. This paper describes a way to automate the entire ACI troubleshooting process with the user-friendly GUI which can show the entire information needed for troubleshooting by extracting relevant information at every layer. By making use of FSM models the proposed solution can be extended to other areas which involve log analysis using CLI to extract relevant information and is not just limited to ACI.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 32-36
Publish at: 2021-03-01

The effects of instructional design based web course on pre-service teachers’ competencies

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20475
M. Anas Thohir , Moh. Irma Sukarelawan , Jumadi Jumadi , Warsono Warsono , Alfina Citrasukmawati
Web Pedagogical Content Knowledge (WPACK) is an important competence for pre-service teachers in the educational technology course. However, novice pre-service teachers require the preparation stage to integrate the Web into instruction. The purpose of the study was to develop and to investigate the new instructional model for pre-service teachers in integrating the Web. The Preparation, Isolation, Transformation, Action, Reflection, and Revision (PINTARR) and two other models were implemented in three physics education technology groups with seventy-four participants. The instrument test was constructed to assess the pre-service teachers’ competencies, namely Student analysis, Curriculum organization, Instructional strategy selection, Evaluation, Technological knowledge, and Physics knowledge. The result of MANOVA showed pre-service teachers in PINTARR group outperformed overall the pre-service teachers’ competencies rather than the Multimedia and Web Design Learning group. The results indicated that the Preparation and the Isolation stage were the most important for novice pre-service teachers in improving the competencies.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 230-236
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Model of emergence evacuation route planning with contra flow and zone scheduling in disaster evacuation

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p1-10
Dedy Hartama , Herman Mawengkang , Muhammad Zarlis , Rahmad Widia Sembiring
Evacuation is characterized by rapid movement of people in unsafe locations or disaster sites to safer locations. The traffic management strategy for commonly used evacuations is the use of Shoulder-Lane, contra-flowing traffic and gradual evacuation. Contra-flow has been commonly used in traffic management by changing traffic lanes during peak hours. To implement the contra-flow operation, there are two main problems that must be decided, namely Optimal contra-flow lane configuration problem (OCLCP) and optimal contra-flow scheduling. Within the OCSP there are two approaches that can be used: zone scheduling and flow scheduling. Problem of contra-flow and zone scheduling problem is basically an Emergence evacuation route planning (EERP) issue. This research will discuss EERP with contra-flow and zone scheduling which can guarantee the movement of people in disaster area to safe area in emergency situation.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 1-10
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Feature extraction and classification methods of facial expression: A survey

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p26-32
Moe Moe Htay
Facial Expression is a significant role in affective computing and one of the non-verbal communication for human computer interaction. Automatic recognition of human affects has become more challenging and interesting problem in recent years. Facial expression is the significant features to recognize the human emotion in human daily life. Facial expression recognition system (FERS) can be developed for the application of human affect analysis, health care assessment, distance learning, driver fatigue detection and human computer interaction. Basically, there are three main components to recognize the human facial expression. They are face or face’s components detection, feature extraction of face image, classification of expression. The study proposed the methods of feature extraction and classification for FER.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 26-32
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Survey of wormhole attack in wireless sensor networks

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p33-42
Umashankar Ghugar , Jayaram Pradhan
From the last decade, a wireless sensor network (WSN) has a very important role over the networks. The primary features of WSN include satellite communication, broadcast channel, hostile environment, medical system and data gathering. There are a lot of attacks available in WSN.In wormhole attack scenario is brutal from other attacks, which is smoothly resolved in networks but tough to observe. This survey paper is an experiment to observing threats and also focuses on some different method to identify the wormhole attacks.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 33-42
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Predicting heart failure using a wrapper-based feature selection

10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1530-1539
Minh Tuan Le , Minh Thanh Vo , Nhat Tan Pham , Son V.T Dao
In the current health system, it is very difficult for medical practitioners/physicians to diagnose the effectiveness of heart contraction. In this research, we proposed a machine learning model to predict heart contraction using an artificial neural network (ANN). We also proposed a novel wrapper-based feature selection utilizing a grey wolf optimization (GWO) to reduce the number of required input attributes. In this work, we compared the results achieved using our method and several conventional machine learning algorithms approaches such as support vector machine, decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, naïve bayes, random forest, and logistic regression. Computational results show not only that much fewer features are needed, but also higher prediction accuracy can be achieved around 87%. This work has the potential to be applicable to clinical practice and become a supporting tool for doctors/physicians.
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page: 1530-1539
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Impact of encryption and decryption techniques for high speed optical domain

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p11-15
Rishabh Singh , Ghanendra Kumar , Chakresh Kumar
This project proposes the design of ultrafast communication circuit which can enable the high speed secured data transmission at 50 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s by the use of distributed Raman amplifier, erbium – doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), filter, single mode fiber along with fiber bragg grating (FBG) and attenuators. The simulation of the suggested optical circuit involves the use of parameters of Raman amplifier and EDFA and other components included in the optical structure. The design also includes the use of encryption and decryption techniques to ensure secured communication. Thus, realization of these circuits at 50 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s will enable the future optical communication applications for ultrafast data transmission to large distances.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 11-15
Publish at: 2021-03-01

MLGrafViz: Multilingual ontology visualization plug-in for protégé

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p43-48
Merlin Florrence
Natural language processing (NLP) is rapidly increasing in all domains of knowledge acquisition to facilitate different language user. It is required to develop knowledge based NLP systems to provide better results. Knowledge based systems can be implemented using ontologies where ontology is a collection of terms and concepts arranged taxonomically. The concepts that are visualized graphically are more understandable than in the text form.  In this research paper, new multilingual ontology visualization plug-in MLGrafViz is developed to visualize ontologies in different natural languages. This plug-in is developed for protégé ontology editor. This plug-in allows the user to translate and visualize the core ontology into 135 languages.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 43-48
Publish at: 2021-03-01

An optimized encryption algorithm and F function with dynamic substitution for creating S-box and P-box entries for blowfish algorithm

10.11591/csit.v2i1.p16-25
Rekha C , Krishnamurthy G. N.
In the field of cryptography, there has been a massive amount of enhancement in manipulating the plaintext which is unreadable, less prone to crackers and hackers, again manipulating this unreadable form to get back plaintext in some way. The Blowfish algorithm is a block cipher, has complex in structure in generating P-box and S-box entries using encryption algorithm. By simplifying the structure of encryption algorithm as well as F function with dynamic substitution, this can improve the performance by generating P-box and S-box entries of blowfish algorithm. In this paper, the proposed method simplifies the structure to produce P-box and S-box entries in order to reduce computational cost and demonstrates the performance of blowfish. The approach considers different security aspects namely EQ analysis, KS analysis, AV analysis, Entropy, Floating Frequency analysis and correlation of horizontally adjacent pixels in an encrypted image.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 16-25
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Ubiquitous learning in occupational health and safety for vocational education

10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20823
Ketut Ima Ismara , Amin Suharjono , Didi Supriadi
This research aimed to develop instructional media for occupational safety and health android-based for vocational schools. The second aim is to determine the feasibility of instructional media and student responses. The type of research is research and development (R&D) with the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation (ADDIE) method, namely, analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire with fourth scales. Data collection used an assessment questionnaire for two experts and 103 users. Research data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive analysis. This study's results have produced products in the form of android-based instructional media for Occupational Safety and Health. In this study, we designed and developed an application called Zerosicks for mobile devices to help students learn occupational safety and health principles. The results of testing for all features and navigation work well and under their functions. The assessment results by content experts, media experts, and students as users indicate that this media has a very decent level of eligibility. Suggestions for product development are to add videos to the media, provide selected music, and add discussion forums for users.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 285-292
Publish at: 2021-03-01

A Review on harmonics elimination in real time for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter using particle swarm optimization

10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i1.pp228-240
Muhammad Tayyab Yaqoob , Mohd Khairil Rahmat , Siti Marwangi Mohamad Maharum , Mazliham Mohd. Su’ud
Renewable energy has a great importance for power generation as it does not use the fossils fuels. Energy generated from alternative energy sources are weather dependent. To generate a continuous power to meet the load requirements, Battery energy storage system are used. Power conversion process must be much efficient as possible to convert the DC stored energy into AC. This conversion process is usually done by the help of inverters. This paper gives the brief overview on three main categories of multilevel inverter like cascaded h-bridge, neutral point clamped and flying capacitor multilevel inverter and highlights their advantages which can also help the scholars to deeply explore the categories of multilevel inverter. Harmonic elimination is usually done by controlling the switching angles of the inverter. Among all the switching angles techniques, selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) technique is widely used, that has also discussed in this paper. Furthermore, to eliminate the harmonics using SHEPWM, it has the set of nonlinear transcendental equations, these set of equations can be effieceintly solved by the optimization methods. The most efficient and reliable optimization method like particle swarm optimization has been discussed with multiple objective functions in this paper. This paper will help the scholars to understand the finest category of multilevel inverter for harmonic elimination in terms of efficiency and output quality.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 228-240
Publish at: 2021-03-01

Haar wavelet method for solving coupled system of fractional order partial differential equations

10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1444-1454
Abbas AL-Shimmary , Sajeda Kareem Radhi , Amina Kassim Hussain
This paper deal with the numerical method, based on the operational matrices of the Haar wavelet orthonormal functions approach to approximate solutions to a class of coupled systems of time-fractional order partial differential equations (FPDEs.). By introducing the fractional derivative of the Caputo sense, to avoid the tedious calculations and to promote the study of wavelets to beginners, we use the integration property of this method with the aid of the aforesaid orthogonal matrices which convert the coupled system under some consideration into an easily algebraic system of Lyapunov or Sylvester equation type. The advantage of the present method, including the simple computation, computer-oriented, which requires less space to store, time-efficient, and it can be applied for solving integer (fractional) order partial differential equations. Some specific and illustrating examples have been given; figures are used to show the efficiency, as well as the accuracy of the, achieved approximated results. All numerical calculations in this paper have been carried out with MATLAB.
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page: 1444-1454
Publish at: 2021-03-01
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