Articles

Access the latest knowledge in applied science, electrical engineering, computer science and information technology, education, and health.

Advanced Search
Filter Icon

Filters article

Years

FAQ Arrow
Single Year
Range Year
0
0

Source Title

FAQ Arrow

Authors

FAQ Arrow

30,376 Article Results

Antecedents and consequences of memorable experience in the airline industry: service robots versus human staff

10.11591/ijra.v14i4.pp409-417
Jinsoo Hwang , Ja Young (Jacey) Choe , Kyuhyeon Joo , Jinkyung Jenny Kim
The study aims to examine the type of service providers, such as service robots and human staff, as a potential moderator in the relationship between SERVQUAL and memorable experience in the airport industry. In order to verify 15 hypotheses, data were collected from 313 travelers who acquired information from service robots and 313 travelers who acquired information from human staff at the airport. The results of data analysis revealed that the five sub-dimensions of SERVQUAL, including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, enhance memorable experience. In addition, a memorable experience has a positive effect on customer satisfaction, which subsequently influences attitude and intention to use. In addition, the type of service providers moderated the links between i) responsiveness and memorable experience and ii) empathy and memorable experience.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 409-417
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Design and development of a modular magnetic wheeled robot for out-pipe inspection

10.11591/ijra.v14i4.pp331-344
Sugin Elankavi Rajendran , Kuppan Chetty Ramanathan , Harish Kumar Guasekaran , Arun Kumar Pinagapani , Dinakaran Devaraj , Ramya Mathanagopal
This paper presents the design of a modular mobile robot capable of climbing and inspecting vertical ferromagnetic pipes using magnetic wheels. Mobile robots used for climbing ferromagnetic surfaces employ magnetic tracks, wheels, and magnets attached to the robot’s body. When it comes to ferromagnetic pipes, magnetic wheels and magnets attached to the body can be used. Among them, magnetic wheels are commonly used for inspecting ferromagnetic pipes. While current robots are suitable for large pipes, they are not practical for smaller ones. To address this gap, a small-sized robot equipped with a magnetic wheel system that ensures both strong attachment and smooth movement along vertical ferromagnetic surfaces is developed. The robot’s magnetic adhesion performance was analyzed through simulations using finite element method magnetics and validated through laboratory experiments. The results show an average error of only 8.25% between simulation and real-world tests, confirming the system’s reliability for external pipe inspection.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 331-344
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Numerical and experimental state of identification battery pack lithium-ion

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2623-2633
Dewi Anggraeni , Budi Sudiarto , Eriko Nasemudin Nasser , Wahyudi Hasbi , Yus Natali , Purnomo Sidi Priambodo
Two key indicators of a battery management system (BMS) are the state of charge (SoC) and the state of health (SoH). Accurately estimating SoC is important to prevent potential issues. Additionally, space, computing time, and cost are important factors in hardware development. To address these considerations, the first-order extended Kalman filter (EKF) and adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) models were selected due to their simpler data pre-processing and better accuracy. The study recommends using the first-order equivalent circuit model (ECM) method in conjunction with the EKF and AEKF algorithms due to their straightforward setup and efficient computational process. Analysis of the charge-discharge cycles shows that the AEKF method consistently outperformed the EKF method regarding SoC accuracy. Moreover, when given different initial SoC values, the AEKF method displayed superior SoC estimation accuracy compared to the EKF method. Moreover, while the accuracy of the EKF is diminished, the error value remains below 2.5% for up to 500 cycles. Additionally, the shorter computing time of the EKF method is a consideration for practical real-world implementation. Furthermore, experiments conducted over 500 cycles revealed that SoH estimation declined from 99.97% to 76.1947%, suggesting that the battery has reached the end of life (EOL) stage.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2623-2633
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Fractional fuzzy based static var compensator control for damping enhancement of inter-area oscillations

10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp5130-5143
Tarik Zabaiou , Khadidja Benayad
Over time, the insertion of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) components in the power grid became primordial to maintain the overall system stability. This paper proposed an innovative approach called hybrid auxiliary damping control based wide-area measurements for the static var compensator (SVC). The presented controller is a fractional-order fuzzy proportional integral derivative (FOFPID). Its principal task is to damp inter-area low frequency oscillations (LFOs) and to improve the power system stability over the transient dynamics. Then, a metaheuristic grey wolf optimization (GWO) method is applied to adjust the controller’s gains. The SVC-based FOFPID control scheme is implemented in a two-area four- machine test system employing the rotor speed deviations of generators as input signal. A comparative analysis of the elaborated controller with the integer PID and the fractional-order PID (FOPID) is performed to emphasize its effectiveness under a three-phase perturbation. Furthermore, a load variation effect test is completed to attest the control strategy robustness. Based on dynamic simulation results and performance indices, the suggested controller shows its robustness and provides increased efficiency for inter- area oscillations damping.
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Page: 5130-5143
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Neural-network based representation framework for adversary identification in internet of things

10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp6043-6052
Thanuja Narasimhamurthy , Gunavathi Hosahalli Swamy
Machine learning is one of the potential solutions towards optimizing the security strength towards identifying complex forms of threats in internet of things (IoT). However, a review of existing machine learning-based approaches showcases their sub-optimal performance when exposed to dynamic forms of unseen threats without any a priori information during the training stage. Hence, this manuscript presents a novel machine-learning framework towards potential threat detection capable of identifying the underlying patterns of rapidly evolving threats. The proposed system uses a neural network-based learning model emphasizing representation learning where an explicit masked indexing mechanism is presented for high-level security against unknown and dynamic adversaries. The benchmarked outcome of the study shows to accomplish 11% maximized threat detection accuracy and 33% minimized algorithm processing time.
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Page: 6043-6052
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Speed control of 3-phase induction motor with modified DTC using HTAF-ANN

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2197-2211
Arpita Banik , Raja Gandhi , Chandan Kumar , Achyuta Nand Mishra , Rakesh Roy
In this research paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm is implemented with modifications to enhance the performance of a direct torque controlled (DTC) induction motor drive. Since the main challenge in the conventional DTC technique is to tune the PI controller appropriately therefore in this work, an ANN technique is incorporated in place of the conventional PI controller. Sudden changes in speed and loading in induction motor drives lead to sharp fluctuations and disturb the motor performance. In order to overcome these issues, a trained ANN controller is initially used here to enhance motor drive performance. Subsequently, the performance is further improved by modifying the activation function in the ANN controller. Here, motor parameters at rated and variable speed with various loading conditions have been analyzed and compared for the DTC with a conventional PI controller with ANN, and a proposed ANN controller. Simulation of the complete model with the conventional and proposed controllers is done using MATLAB/Simulink platform to observe the various speed responses for different conditions, and the experimental setup is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed system.
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page: 2197-2211
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Design of low-power, high-speed approximate 4:2 compressors for efficient partial product reduction in multipliers

10.11591/ijra.v14i4.pp459-467
Jabez Daniel Vincent David Michael , Anusha Gorantla , Ahilan Appathurai , Dinesh Ramachandran
Partial product reduction becomes the main task in the multiplication process. Therefore, the partial product stages of multipliers are reduced with the usage of compressors, by using compressors in the multiplier. Using compressors in the multiplier circuit significantly impacts multiplier performance. Approximate compressors are crucial for achieving better design metrics in parallel multipliers. This paper proposes to create various new approximate 4:2 compressor circuits. A trade-off is made between the performance and accuracy of this approximate circuit design approach. The proposed designs have been implemented using XOR-XNOR gates with a 2-to-1 multiplexer, and also XOR-XNOR gates with transmission gates. All these circuits have been simulated using Cadence in different technological nodes. Compared with the existing technique, the proposed 4:2 approximation compressor provides 51.4% power reduction and 26.45% delay reduction for 45 nm equipment.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 459-467
Publish at: 2025-12-01

A survey on convolutional neural network hardware acceleration through approximate computing multiple and accumulates unit

10.11591/ijra.v14i4.pp366-375
Suvitha Pathiyadan Sudhakaran , Aathmanesan Thangakalai
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are applied to a different range of real-world complex tasks to provide effective solutions with high accuracy. Based on the application's complexity, CNN demands a lot of processing units and memory spaces for its effective implementation. Bringing this computational task to hardware for processing the data to enhance the acceleration helps in achieving real-time performance improvement. Recent studies focused on approximation methodology to overcome this problem. This proposed survey analyzes various recent methods involved in implementing approximating computing-based processing elements and their usage in CNNs. Primarily, the survey focuses on multiple and accumulates (MAC) unit and their various approximation methods, which acts as a fundamental block as a processing element in the CNN layers. Secondly, it focuses on various CNN hardware acceleration architectures and their layers designed using different methods and their wide range of applications. Some of the recent design methods applied to various ranges of applications are also analyzed in the proposed survey. This detailed analysis gives an outlook on effective approximation blocks and the CNN architecture to be effectively used in various designs, with a scope of area in which future improvement can be made.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 366-375
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Implementation of a network intrusion detection system for man-in-the-middle attacks

10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp3913-3927
Kennedy Okokpujie , William A. Abdulateef-Adoga , Oghenetega C. Owivri , Adaora P. Ijeh , Imhade P. Okokpujie , Morayo E. Awomoy
Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are critical tools designed to detect and prevent unauthorized access and potential network threats. While IDS is well-established in traditional wired networks, deploying them in wireless environments presents distinct challenges, including limited computational resources and complex infrastructure configurations. Packet sniffing and man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks also pose significant threats, potentially compromising sensitive data and disrupting communication. Traditional security measures like firewalls may not be sufficient to detect these sophisticated attacks. This paper implements a network intrusion detection system that monitors a computer network to detect Address Resolution Protocol spoofing attacks in real-time. The system comprises three host machines forming the network. Using Kali Linux, a bash script is deployed to monitor the network for signs of address resolution protocol (ARP) poisoning. An email alert system is integrated into the bash script, running in the background as a service for the network administrator. Various ARP spoofing attack scenarios are performed on the network to evaluate the efficiency of the network IDS. Results indicate that deploying IDS as a background service ensures continuous protection against ARP spoofing and poisoning. This is crucial in dynamic network environments where threats may arise unexpectedly.
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Page: 6027-6042
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Enhancing health status prediction and data security using transformer-based deep learning architectures

10.11591/ijra.v14i4.pp418-428
Subramaniyan Senthamarai , Raja Manickam Mala , Vellaiyan Palanisamy
This paper proposes a privacy-preserving transformer-based federated learning (PPTFL) framework designed to enhance privacy, accuracy, and computational efficiency in healthcare data analysis. Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising solution for distributed machine learning while preserving data privacy, especially in sensitive sectors like healthcare. However, challenges such as maintaining high accuracy and managing communication overhead remain. The proposed PPTFL framework leverages the power of transformer models to improve the performance of federated learning while integrating privacy-preserving techniques. The model demonstrates superior performance with an accuracy of 92.87%, an F1 score of 92.37%, and a privacy budget (ϵ) of 1.6, outperforming existing approaches in terms of both privacy and accuracy. The model also exhibits computational efficiency, with lower communication cost and reasonable training time. Comparative evaluations with four relevant literature models further validate the effectiveness of the proposed PPTFL framework. This work highlights the potential of PPTFL to revolutionize healthcare informatics by providing secure, accurate, and efficient solutions for federated learning applications.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 418-428
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Performance enhancement using sensor and sensorless control techniques for a modified bridgeless Ćuk converter-based BLDC motor in EV applications

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp769-782
W. Margaret Amutha , S. Premalatha , M. Karthikeyan
This work proposes a solar photovoltaic (PV)-powered, modified bridgeless Ćuk converter tailored for electric vehicle applications. It overcomes limitations such as high ripple, reduced power density, significant switching losses, and complex circuit structures in traditional designs. The system integrates a boost converter with a bridgeless Ćuk topology to ensure a reliable and efficient direct current (DC) power output. Performance evaluation includes sensor-based and sensorless speed control techniques-pulse width modulation (PWM), proportional integral derivative (PID), back electromotive force (EMF), and spider controllers-under both no-load and full-load scenarios. Key parameters such as rise time, overshoot, settling time, and steady-state error are analyzed. MATLAB/Simulink simulations indicate that the spider controller delivers superior dynamic behavior and stability. A 48 W, 1500 rpm hardware prototype confirms the simulation outcomes, demonstrating the practical viability and effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 769-782
Publish at: 2025-12-01

A hybrid one step voltage-adjustable transformerless inverter for a one-phase grid incorporation of wind and solar power

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp951-959
Bonigala Ramesh , Madhubabu Thiruveedula , Rahul Inumula , C. Poojitha Reddy , Mohammad Abdul Khadar , K. Sri Sai Hareesh
This paper presents a hybrid one-step voltage-adjustable transformerless inverter designed to efficiently integrate both solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy sources into a single-phase grid. The primary objective is to enhance power conversion efficiency while minimizing system complexity and cost. The proposed architecture combines a buck-boost DC-DC converter with a full-bridge inverter in a compact and modular design, enabling voltage regulation across a wide input range typical of hybrid renewable systems. By grounding the PV negative terminal, the system effectively eliminates leakage currents and ensures compliance with IEEE harmonic standards. The inverter operates with reduced switching losses and supports multiple operational modes tailored for variable solar and wind conditions. Simulation of a 300 W prototype demonstrates reliable performance, achieving a total harmonic distortion (THD) below 1%, validating its compatibility with grid requirements. Key contributions include the development of a unified topology for hybrid energy sources, in-depth analysis of energy storage components, and implementation of efficient modulation strategies. This work addresses significant challenges in renewable energy integration and provides a scalable solution for next-generation grid-connected hybrid power systems.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 951-959
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Optimize the position of the distributed generator and capacitor bank in the distributed grid to minimize the generation cost

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp970-979
Ngoc An Luu , Dinh Chung Phan
In this paper, we focus on determining the optimal position and size of multi-distributed generators and capacitor banks to minimize the generation cost of a distributed grid. The optimal position and size of distributed generators and capacitor banks are determined using a hybrid of conventional loss sensitivity factor and an improved one. The proposed algorithm has two stages. For each distributed generator, we prioritize its position and size. After that, we find the optimal position and size of the capacitor banks corresponding to this distributed generator installation to minimize the power loss. After considering all distributed generators, the optimal number, position, and size of the distributed generators and capacitor banks are determined based on the minimum generation cost value. This idea is developed in MATLAB and verified via sample distributed grids, including the IEEE-69 bus and IEEE-85 bus. The verifying results are evaluated and analyzed. By comparing those results to those of other methods, the performance of the newly introduced method is proven.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 970-979
Publish at: 2025-12-01

Asymmetrical nine-level hybrid multilevel inverter design and analysis for electric vehicle applications

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp1023-1034
Gerri Ratnaiah , Ramya Ganesan
A novel type of single-phase hybrid multilevel inverter (HMLI) is proposed in this paper. A hybrid system is made up of a multilevel inverter coupled to an H-bridge unit and which can generate nine-level output. To synthesize an output voltage waveform with nine steps, this setup uses merely seven power switches, two diodes, and two DC supplies. A greater number of steps were achieved in output voltage through suggested circuit with a smaller number of components than other existing multilevel inverter (MLI) topologies. A finer output waveform that is closer to a sinusoidal shape is produced with less total harmonic distortion (THD) because of the greater number of steps in the output voltage. Furthermore, it prolongs the switches' lifetime and lowers the voltage stress across them, increasing reliability. In addition, the system produces fewer switches than necessary, resulting in lower power losses and increased efficiency. This guarantees the suggested system's small size and inexpensive cost. A comparison between the suggested topology and the most current MLI topologies has been conducted to highlight the key components of the proposed topology. The suggested topology has been controlled using three distinct controlling schemes are phase disposition-pulse width modulation (PD-PWM), phase opposition disposition-PWM (POD-PWM), and alternative phase opposition disposition-PWM (APOD-PWM).
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 1023-1034
Publish at: 2025-12-01

PD characteristics of polymer insulation for inverted-fed drives under sine and square waveforms

10.11591/ijape.v14.i4.pp893-902
S. Narasimha Rao , Elanseralathan Kasinathan , Ramanujam Sarathi
In recent years, adjustable speed drives power by power electronic converters have caused insulation failure in the electrical motors with stator windings. The repeating impulse voltages produced by IGBTs created insulation reliability problems in the stator winding. Overvoltage can cause partial discharge (PD), which can rapidly result in insulation system failure. To address this issue, IEC standards and technical specifications (TS) necessitate that a PD test on the motor insulation system is done at sinusoidal and square voltages. The PD characteristics obtained are used to evaluate insulation performance, enhancing insulation design. This work focuses on the PD characterization of twisted pair samples using high frequency sine and square waveforms at room temperature. The PD characteristics were investigated at 50 Hz, 1 kHz, 2.4 kHz, and 5 kHz. The result shows that there are fewer PD events with lower PD magnitudes and shorter delay times at higher frequencies. Further, at different temperatures of 30 °C, 60 °C, and 90 °C, the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) of twisted pair insulation was investigated using high-frequency sine and square waveforms. The results show that the corona inception voltage (CIV) (kV) decreases as ambient temperature increases. Furthermore, the conditions for PD occurrence in the insulation system were analyzed at higher switching frequencies. The electric field distribution of twisted pairs with a 0 mm air gap was modeled from 50 Hz to 5 kHz switching frequency using COMSOL software.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 893-902
Publish at: 2025-12-01
1 2 3
...
2025 2026
Show 114 of 2026

Discover Our Library

Embark on a journey through our expansive collection of articles and let curiosity lead your path to innovation.

Explore Now
Library 3D Ilustration