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29,922 Article Results

Design and simulation of an analog beamforming phased array antenna

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1398-1405
Mohamed Elhefnawy
In this paper, a phased array antenna is designed and simulated. The antenna array consists of four circularly polarized slotted waveguide elements. The antenna array is simulated using CST MWS. The simulation results for the proposed antenna array at different values of progressive phase shift demonstrate that the S‒parameters for all four ports are less than ‒10 dB over at least 2% bandwidth, the simulated maximum gain is 13.95 dB, the simulated beamwidth can be 19˚ or narrower based on the value of the progressive phase shift. , the range of frequencies over which the simulated Axial Ratio (AR) is below 3 dB is not fixed and varied according to the selected progressive phase shift. The proposed four-element RF front-end is simulated using Advanced Design System (ADS) at operating frequency of 9.6 GHz. The obtained simulation results by ADS indicate the feasibility of implementing the proposed RF-front end for feeding the antenna array to realize analog beamforming.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1398-1405
Publish at: 2020-04-01

SPICE model of drain induced barrier lowering in sub-10 nm junctionless cylindrical surrounding gate MOSFET

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1288-1295
Hakkee Jung
We propose a SPICE Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) model for sub-10 nm Junctionless Cylindrical Surrounding Gate (JLCSG) MOSFETs. The DIBL shows the proportionl relation to the -3 power of the channel length Lg and the 2 power of silicon thickness in MOSFET having a rectangular channel, but this relation cannot be used in cylindrical channel because of the difference in channel structure. The subthreshold currents, including the tunneling current from the WKB (Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) approximation as well as the diffusion-drift current, are used in the model. The constant current method is used to define the threshold voltage as the gate voltage at a constant current, (2πR/Lg)10-7 A for channel length and channel radius R. The central potential of the JLCSG MOSFET is determined by the Poisson equation. As a result, it can be seen that the DIBL of the JLCSG MOSFET is proportional to the –2.76 power of the channel length, to the 1.76 power of the channel radius, and linearly to the oxide film thickness. At this time, we observe that the SPICE parameter, the static feedback coefficient, has a value less than 1 1, and this model can be used to analyze the DIBL of the JLCSG MOSFET.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1288-1295
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Denoising of MRI images using fast NLM

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp135-141
Vandana Hanchate , Kalyani Joshi
Denoising of image is a very crucial step which should retain fine details but should remove noise. Making the difference between noise and actual edge related data is very difficult. NLM filter helps to make a differentiation between image data and noise data. Its weight function decides the weightage of the neighboring pixel depending upon the similarity with the pixel to process. It helps to retain the edges and avoid it from smoothening. This paper discusses the implementation of NLM filter using hardware platform Spartan 6. After implementaion of this on FPGA, not only denoise the image but preseve edges and there is a tremendous saving in time compared to its matlab implementation. Denoised image performance is calculated using various objective metrics such as MSE, PSNR, SSIM, PFOM etc. FPGA implementation shows clearly the advntages over its  matlab implementation.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 135-141
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A new RSA public key encryption scheme with chaotic maps

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1430-1437
Nedal Tahat , Ashraf A. Tahat , Maysam Abu-Dalu , Ramzi B. Albadarneh , Alaa E. Abdallah , Obaida M. Al-Hazaimeh
Public key cryptography has received great attention in the field of information exchange through insecure channels. In this paper, we combine the Dependent-RSA (DRSA) and chaotic maps (CM) to get a new secure cryptosystem, which depends on both integer factorization and chaotic maps discrete logarithm (CMDL). Using this new system, the scammer has to go through two levels of reverse engineering, concurrently, so as to perform the recovery of original text from the cipher-text has been received. Thus, this new system is supposed to be more sophisticated and more secure than other systems. We prove that our new cryptosystem does not increase the overhead in performing the encryption process or the decryption process considering that it requires minimum operations in both. We show that this new cryptosystem is more efficient in terms of performance compared with other encryption systems, which makes it more suitable for nodes with limited computational ability.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1430-1437
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Chaotic signals denoising using empirical mode decomposition inspired by multivariate denoising

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1352-1358
Fadhil Sahib Hasan
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an effective noise reduction method to enhance the noisy chaotic signal over additive noise. In this paper, the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) generated by EMD are thresholded using multivariate denoising. Multivariate denoising is multivariable denosing algorithm that is combined wavelet transform and principal component analysis to denoise multivariate signals in adaptive way. The proposed method is compared at a various signal to noise ratios (SNRs) with different techniques and different types of noise. Also, scale dependent Lyapunov exponent (SDLE) is used to test the behavior of the denoised chaotic signal comparing with clean signal. The results show that EMD-MD method has the best root mean square error (RMSE) and signal to noise ratio gain (SNRG) comparing with the conventional methods.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1352-1358
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Comparative study of user experience on mobile pedestrian navigation between digital map interface and location-based augmented reality

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp2037-2044
Komang Candra Brata , Deron Liang
Fast-paced mobile technology development has permitted augmented reality experiences to be delivered on mobile pedestrian navigation context. The fact that the more prevalent of this technology commonly will substituting the digital map visualization to present the geo-location information is still debatable. This paper comprises a report on a field study comparing about user experience when interacting with different modes of mobile electronic assistance in the context of pedestrian navigation interfaces which utilize location-based augmented reality (AR) and two-dimensional digital map to visualize the points of interest (POIs) location in the vicinity of the user. The study was conducted with two subsequent experiments in the Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The study involved 10 participants aged between 22 and 28 years with different experiences in using smartphones and navigation systems. Navigation performance was measured based on a usability approach on pragmatic quality and hedonic quality like effectiveness (success rate of task completion), efficiency (task completion time) and satisfaction in real outdoor conditions. The evaluation findings have been cross-checked with the user’s personal comments. We aim at eliciting knowledge about user requirements related to mobile pedestrian interfaces and evaluating user experience from pragmatic and hedonic viewpoints. Results show that in the context of pedestrian navigation, digital map interfaces lead to significantly better navigation performance in pragmatic attributes in comparison to AR interfaces. Nevertheless, the study also reveals that location-based AR is more valued by participants in hedonic qualities and overall performance.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 2037-2044
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A Literature review on industrially accepted MPPT techniques for solar PV system

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp2117-2127
Indresh Yadav , Sanjay Kumar Maurya , Gaurav Kumar Gupta
Solar energy is a clean renewable energy and it is available around 89,000 TW on the earth surface. To get maximum power from a solar PV system with minimum power transfer loss is one of the main design objectives of an energy transferring network. Power electronic devices perform a very important character for an efficient PV power tracking system control and either incorporates to transfer the generated power to the ac/dc grid or battery storage system. In this case the duty of the power electronics devices used in PV system is to track maximum power point under different operating conditions of environment, so that power tracking efficiency of solar PV system can be improved. This paper encapsulates based the on performance comparisions on the behavior of MPP under uniform and nonuniform operating conditions and selects the optimum duty cycle for industrially accepted MPPT techniques with their algorithm.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 2117-2127
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Memetic algorithm for short messaging service spam filter using text normalization and semantic approach

10.11591/ijict.v9i1.pp9-18
Arnold Adimabua Ojugo , Andrew Okonji Eboka
Today’s popularity of the short messages services (SMS) has created a propitious environment for spamming to thrive. Spams are unsolicited advertising, adult-themed or inappropriate content, premium fraud, smishing and malware. They are a constant reminder of the need for an effective spam filter. However, SMS limitations of 160-charcaters and 140-bytes size as well as its being rippled with slangs, emoticons and abbreviations further inhibits effective training of models to aid accurate classification. The study proposes Genetic Algorithm Trained Bayesian Network solution that seeks to normalize noisy feats, expand text via use of lexicographic and semantic dictionaries that uses word sense disambiguation technique to train the underlying learning heuristics. And in turn, effectively help to classify SMS in spam and legitimate classes. Hybrid model comprises of text preprocessing, feature selection as well as training and classification section. Study uses a hybrid Genetic Algorithm trained Bayesian model for which the GA is used for feature selection; while, the Bayesian algorithm is used as classifier.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 9-18
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Electrical treeing and partial discharge characteristics of silicone rubber filled with nitride and oxide based nanofillers

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1682-1692
A. H. M. Nasib , M. H. Ahmad , Z. Nawawi , M. A. B. Sidik , M. I. Jambak
This article presents a study on electrical treeing performances with its associated partial discharge (PD) and the influence of filler concentration in silicone rubber (SiR) samples which are filled with silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) as nanofillers for electrical tree growth suppression. There are many researches on electrical treeing in SiR with SiO2 nanofillers but none of the publication have reported on Si3N4 nanofillers for suppression of the electrical tree growth. In this study, the treeing experiments were conducted by applying a fixed AC voltage of 10 kV and 12 kV at power frequency of 50 Hz on unfilled SiR, SiR/SiO2, and SiR/Si3N4 nanocomposites with different filler concentrations by 1, 3, and 5 weight percentage (wt%) and the electrical treeing parameters were observed with its correlated PD patterns. The outcome from this study found that the SiR/Si3N4 nanocomposites were able to withstand the electrical treeing better than the pure SiR or SiR/SiO2 nanocomposites. Furthermore, the increase in filler concentration improved the electrical tree performances of the nanocomposites. This finding suggests the Si3N4 can be used as filler in polymeric insulating materials for electrical tree inhibition. Meanwhile, the PD activity shows increment when the tree progresses thereby indicating correlation in both parameters which can be as key parameter for monitoring unseen electrical treeing in the opaque samples.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1682-1692
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A secure image steganography based on JND model

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp2088-2096
Tuan Duc Nguyen , Dung Huu Le
Minimizing distortion produced by embedding process is very important to improve the security of hidden message and maintain the high visual quality of stego images. To achieve these objectives, an effective strategy is to perform pixel selection which is well-known as a channel selection rule. In this approach, a pixel associated with the smallest image degradation is chosen to carry secret bits. From these facts, in this paper, a new secure channel selection rule for digital images in spatial domain is designed and proposed. In this new approach, the modified matrix embedding method is utilized as data hiding method because it introduces more than one embedding change to be performed. This enables us to select a suitable pixel to embed message bits with less degradation yielded in a stego-image. In pixel selection of the proposed method, a just noticeable difference value and gradient value of a considering pixel are employed together. The experimental results (which were conducted on 10,000 uncompressed images) indicate that stego images of the proposed approach achieve a higher perceptual quality and security than those of the stego-images created by the previous approaches.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 2088-2096
Publish at: 2020-04-01

A cognitive robot equipped with autonomous tool innovation expertise

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp2200-2207
Handy Wicaksono , Claude Sammut
Like a human, a robot may benefit from being able to use a tool to solve a complex task. When an appropriate tool is not available, a very useful ability for a robot is to create a novel one based on its experience. With the advent of inexpensive 3D printing, it is now possible to give robots such an ability, at least to create simple tools. We proposed a method for learning how to use an object as a tool and, if needed, to design and construct a new tool. The robot began by learning an action model of tool use for a PDDL planner by observing a trainer. It then refined the model by learning by trial and error. Tool creation consisted of generalising an existing tool model and generating a novel tool by instantiating the general model. Further learning by experimentation was performed. Reducing the search space of potentially useful tools could be achieved by providing a tool ontology. We then used a constraint solver to obtain numerical parameters from abstract descriptions and use them for a ready-to-print design. We evaluated our system using a simulated and a real Baxter robot in two cases: hook and wedge. We found that our system performs tool creation successfully.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 2200-2207
Publish at: 2020-04-01

DC and RF characteristics of 20 nm gate length InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HEMTs for high frequency application

10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1248-1254
Amin Boursali , Ahlam Guen-Bouazza , Choukria Sayah
lnAlAs/lnGaAs/InP high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) offers excellent high frequency operation.In this work,the DC and RF performance of a 20 nm gate length enhancement mode InAlAs/InGaAs/InP high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) on InP substrate are presented.The SILVACO-TCAD simulations performed at room temperature using the appropriate model sshowed that the studied device exhibit excellent pinch-off characteristics, with a maximum transconductance of 1100ms/mm, a threshold voltage of 0,62V, and an Ion/Ioff ratio of 2.106. The cut-off frequency and maximum frequency of oscillation are 980 GHz and 1.3THz respectively. These promising results allow us to affirm that this device is intended to be used in high frequency applications.
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Page: 1248-1254
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Grey wolf optimizer based fuzzy-PI active queue management design for network congestion avoidance

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp199-208
Sana Sabah Sabry , Nada Mahdi Kaittan
Congestion is one of the most important issues in communication networks which has attracted much research attention. To ensure a stable TCP network, we can use active queue management (AQM for early congestion detection and router queue length regulation. In this study, it was proposed to use the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm in designing a fuzzy proportional integral (fuzzy-PI) controller as a novel AQM for internet routers congestion control and for achieving a low steady-state error and fast response. The suggested Fuzzy logic-based network traffic control strategy permit us to deploy linguistic knowledge for depicting the dynamics of probability marking functions and ensures a more accurate use of multiple inputs to depict the   the network’s state. The possibility of incorporating human knowledge into such a control strategy using Fuzzy logic control methodology was demonstrated. The postulated controller was compared to proportion integral (PI) through several MATLAB simulation scenarios. The results indicated the stability of the postulated controller and its ability to attain a faster response in a dynamic network with varying network load and target queue length.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 199-208
Publish at: 2020-04-01

Developing barcode scan system of a small-scaled reverse vending machine to sorting waste of beverage containers

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.14776
Erikson Ferry; Swiss German University Sinaga , Richard; Swiss German University Irawan
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle is a campaign which aims to reduce the production of waste. Industry used plastic bottle and cans to store the beverage. A research was done by University of Georgia, United States and was published by Wall Street Journal stated that Indonesia is the second predicate country which produced and mismanaged plastic waste in the world. This condition shoud be overcome and this research project was intended to develop reverse vending machine (RVM) to sorting waste of beverage containers either plastic bottles or cans as a campaign to reduce the production of waste. This RVM machine uses barcode scanning as the sorting system to determine whether the plastic bottle or can could be recycled or not. In order to check the weight of the beverage container, a load cell sensor is used to check whether the beverage container is empty or not. The machine will receive the container from the conveyor station, check the weight, and finally transfer it to the sorting station. The container will be sorted as cans or plastic bottle by the aid of barcode scanning and compare it to database. Furthermore, the plastic bottle will be sorted as clear or colored plastic bottle. Unrecyclable plastic or can container or any unemptied container will be classified as rejected container and be returned to the user through the outlet passage. The performance testing was done with 12 different types of plastic bottle and can and 10 samples for each type, so there were total 120 items tested and the result showed that the success rate was 94% while the processing time was varying in between 8 to 13 seconds.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 2087-2094
Publish at: 2020-03-18

Efficiency comparison of capacitive wireless power transfer for different materials

10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i1.pp200-212
F. K. A. Rahman , Shakir Saat , Y. Yusop , S. H. Husin , M. H. Jamaluddin
This paper describes the application of several types of materials to act as capacitive plates in a Capacitive Power Transfer (CPT) system. In general, the efficiency of CPT system is greatly influenced by the coupling capacitance which is varied by distances and permittivity values. Thus this paper intended to compare the performance of CPT system in terms of the output efficiency for several types of capacitive plates. To be specific, copper plate, zinc, and aluminium are used in this work to act as coupling plates to the CPT system. The CPT system in this work applied class E inverter as it has lowest switching losses among its competitors, i.e. class D and class F. The work is validated through experimental setup of CPT system in which copper material provides the best efficiency of the system.
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Page: 200-212
Publish at: 2020-03-01
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