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Review on fixed-frequency beam steering for leaky wave antenna

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.13291
J. S.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Kasim , M. S.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) M. Isa , Z.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Zakaria , M. I.; United Arab Emirates University Hussein , Mowafak; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) K. Mohsen
This paper aims to survey the efforts of researchers in response to the novel and effective technology of control radiation pattern at a fixed frequency for leaky wave antenna (LWA), map the research landscape from the literature onto coherent taxonomy and determine the basic properties of this potential field. In addition, this paper investigates the motivation behind using beam steering in LWA and the open challenges that impede the utility of this antenna design. This paper offers valuable recommendations to improve beam steering in LWA. The review revealed the development and improvement of several techniques of beam scanning LWA. However, several areas or aspects require further attention. All the articles, regardless of their research focus, attempt to address the challenges that impede the full utility of beam scanning and offer recommendations to mitigate their drawbacks. This paper contributes to this area of research by providing a detailed review of the available options and problems to allow other researchers and participants to further develop beam scanning. The new directions for this research are also described.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 2895-2902
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Modifying playfair cipher algorithm using KAJ spiral method to fit any language regardless of the number of characters

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp5400-5411
Ibrahim A. Sholi , Mohamad A. Mohamed
In this paper we proposed KAJ Spiral method for supporting PlayFair cipher algorithm to use languages other than English and utilize block with more than two characters at once. Original method does not support block of characters and other languages. The method uses a spiral shape with two axes (X, Y) and the letters are spread on the axis within circles depending on the language. We use Friedman method analysis (index of coincidence) as a tool to test and prove the efficiency of KAJ Spiral method, and we found that it is at least equally secure to the original PlayFair cipher. The aims of this is making cryptography just like mathematics a universal language such that people with different languages can use this algorithm for secure communication, and at the same time make the algorithm stronger and easy to use, with the ability to fit any language.
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Page: 5400-5411
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Modified CiteScore metric for reducing the effect of self-citations

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.12292
Hilary I.; Covenant University Okagbue , Sheila A.; Covenant University Bishop , Pelumi E.; Covenant University Oguntunde , Patience I.; Covenant University Adamu , Abiodun A.; Covenant University Opanuga , Elvir M.; Kazan Federal University Akhmetshin
Elsevier B.V. launched a scholarly metric called CiteScore (CS) on December 8, 2016. Up till then, the journal impact factor (JIF) owned by Clarivate Analytics (Thomson Reuters) was the only trusted metric for journal evaluation. As noted by Teixeira da Silva & Memon (2017), CS offers some observed advantages over JIF. The potentials of CiteScore as a viable metric are still emerging. The paper briefly introduces a variant of the CiteScore that can be used in quantifying the impact of researchers and their institutions. The ultimate aim is to reduce the numerical effect of self-citations (SC) in academic publishing. The reduction is designed to discourage SC but not diminishing it. The reasons for the adopted methodology are discussed extensively. The proposed modified CiteScore metric is simple, transparent and constructed to ensure integrity in academic publication. The result showed that the proposed modified CiteScore is a better option than the traditional CiteScore and hence, can be applied in impact determination, the ranking of authors and their institutions, and evaluation of scientists for a grant award. The approach used in this paper is entirely new in two ways; first, a metric similar to journal ranking is proposed for ranking authors and their institutions and secondly, disproportionate scores are awarded to different sources of citations to reduce perceived dishonesty in academic publications. In conclusion, this research is one of very few to report the effect of SC on CiteScore. Hitherto, the effect of SC has always been on the journal impact factor (IF).
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 3044-3049
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Design and realization of motion detector system for house security

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.13142
Zainab G.; Al-Esraa University College Faisal , Maysam Sameer; Al-Esraa University College Hussein , Amany Mohammad; Al-Esraa University College Abood
In this paper, the design and realization of motion detector system for house security based GSM network is presents. The development of microcontroller carried out intruder detection that supports tracking techniques to provide vital security with control and alert operation inside and outside the home. The pivot of security on the integration the motion detector and cameras into web applications has become more interested. The smart surveillance Pi camera obtain the input from the motion detector and controller which is send the video to the web server allowing the homeowner to access this video by use web applications. An intrusion alert send to the owner by mean of message via mobile and buzzers alarms located at suitable distance. This system is typify proficient video camera for remote sensing and tracking with live video for succeeding play again to offers efficient and easy implementation with omnipresent surveillance solution
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 3211-3217
Publish at: 2019-12-01

An adaptive distributed Intrusion detection system architecture using multi agents

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp4951-4960
Riyad A. M. , M. S. Irfan Ahmed , R. L. Raheemaa Khan
Intrusion detection systems are used for monitoring the network data, analyze them and find the intrusions if any. The major issues with these systems are the time taken for analysis, transfer of bulk data from one part of the network to another, high false positives and adaptability to the future threats. These issues are addressed here by devising a framework for intrusion detection. Here, various types of co-operating agents are distributed in the network for monitoring, analyzing, detecting and reporting. Analysis and detection agents are the mobile agents which are the primary detection modules for detecting intrusions. Their mobility eliminates the transfer of bulk data for processing. An algorithm named territory is proposed to avoid interference of one analysis agent with another one. A communication layout of the analysis and detection module with other modules is depicted. The inter-agent communication reduces the false positives significantly. It also facilitates the identification of distributed types of attacks. The co-ordinator agents log various events and summarize the activities in its network. It also communicates with co-ordinator agents of other networks. The system is highly scalable by increasing the number of various agents if needed. Centralized processing is avoided here to evade single point of failure. We created a prototype and the experiments done gave very promising results showing the effectiveness of the system.
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Page: 4951-4960
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Design and fault tolerant analysis of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1115-1125
Ahmad Sofian Saari Saari , Dahaman Ishak
This paper presents a design of 15-slot/12-pole, five-phase, surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).  The five-phase PMSM can be an attractive solution to few applications that demand fault tolerant capability such as in aerospace engineering and electric propulsion. The motor model is first investigated based on the implementation of analytical method. The analytical method derived from the subdomain model of the permanent magnet machine is initially applied to estimate the magnetic flux density distributions for the radial component Br and the tangential component Bt in the machine air gap. Other important motor characteristics such as phase back-EMF, line back-EMF, cogging torque and electromagnetic torque are also calculated. The analytically calculated results are then compared with the numerical method in a 2D finite element analysis. Additionally, the capability of this PMSM model against faulty conditions are further investigated. The results show that the analytical model of the 15-slot/12-pole, five-phase PMSM provides very accurate motor performance within acceptable error margin. For instance, the average electromagnetic torques, inclusive of the cogging torque, as computed by the analytical and numerical methods are 5.53Nm and 5.33Nm respectively, yielding an error of 3.6%. During faulty conditions, the PMSM can possibly continue to operate with lower output torque, about 60% to 80% of its rated torque, when one-phase or two phase windings are out of service.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1115-1125
Publish at: 2019-12-01

An overview of the fundamental approaches that yield several image denoising techniques

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.11301
Bilal; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Charmouti , Ahmad Kadri; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Junoh , Mohd Yusoff; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Mashor , Najah; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Ghazali , Mahyun Ab; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Wahab , Wan Zuki Azman; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Wan Muhamad , Zainab; Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Yahya , Abdesselam; International Islamic University Malaysia Beroual
Digital image is considered as a powerful tool to carry and transmit information between people. Thus, it attracts the attention of large number of researchers, among them those interested in preserving the image features from any factors that may reduce the image quality. One of these factors is the noise which affects the visual aspect of the image and makes others image processing more difficult. Thus far, solving this noise problem remains a challenge for the researchers in this field. A lot of image denoising techniques have been introduced in order to remove the noise by taking care of the image features; in other words, getting the best similarity to the original image from the noisy one. However, the findings are still inconclusive. Beside the enormous amount of researches and studies which adopt several mathematical concepts (statistics, probabilities, modeling, PDEs, wavelet, fuzzy logic, etc.), there is also the scarcity of review papers which carry an important role in the development and progress of research. Thus, this review paper intorduce an overview of the different fundamental approaches that yield the several image-denoising techniques, presented with a new classification. Furthermore, the paper presents the different evaluation tools needed on the comparison between these techniques in order to facilitate the processing of this noise problem, among a great diversity of techniques and concepts.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 2959-2967
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Batik image retrieval using convolutional neural network

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.12701
Heri; Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Prasetyo , Berton Arie; Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Putra Akardihas
This paper presents a simple technique for performing Batik image retrieval using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach. Two CNN models, i.e. supervised and unsupervised learning approach, are considered to perform end-to-end feature extraction in order to describe the content of Batik image. The distance metrics measure the similarity between the query and target images in database based on the feature generated from CNN architecture. As reported in the experimental section, the proposed supervised CNN model achieves better performance compared to unsupervised CNN in the Batik image retrieval system. In addition, image feature composed from the proposed CNN model yields better performance compared to that of the handcrafted feature descriptor. Yet, it demonstrates the superiority performance of deep learning-based approach in the Batik image retrieval system.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 3010-3018
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Users’ emotional evaluation towards kansei-based higher learning institution website using geneva emotion wheel

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1547-1554
Punitha Turumugon , Aslina Baharum , Nadia Hanin Nazlan , Nor Azida Mohamed Noh , Noorsidi Aizuddin Mat Noor , Emelia Abdul Rahim
Functionality, usability, and pleasure are the three elements that influence consumers decision-making and behavioral intentions. This study attempts to fill in the gap in the web design literature by justifying the Kansei-based engineering technique by embedding emotional cues in Higher Learning website designs. This study aims to test the effectiveness of a Kansei-based website that was designed in accordance with the Kansei-based standards for web design. Using an online Geneva Emotion Wheel survey, the results suggest that the Kansei-based website elicit favorable positive emotion from users
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1547-1554
Publish at: 2019-12-01

The usage of dual-layer remote phosphor configurations in enhancing color quality and luminous flux of WLEDs

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.13093
Thuc Minh; Nha Trang University Bui , Phan Xuan; National Key Laboratory of Digital Control and System Engineering Le , Dinh Hoang; Ton Duc Thang University Bach , Nguyen Doan; Ton Duc Thang University Quoc Anh
Among conformal phosphor structure, in-cup phosphor structure, and remote phosphor structure, while in term of attaining the highest luminous flux, remote phosphor structure is the most ideal one, it seems to be that this structure results in the lowest-quality of color. Therefore, it is necessary in conducting experiments to surmount this disadvantage and make a possibility in enhancing the color quality of WLEDs with remote phosphor structure. In this research, with the ability of advancing the color rendering index (CRI) and color quality (CQS) for WLEDs, a dual-layer remote phosphor structure was considered as a suggestion. The experiments in this study used three kinds of WLEDs with the similar structures but different color temperatures varying at 5600 K, 7000 K, and 8500 K. The objectives of this paper is proposing a solution to obtain the highest color quality by placing a yellow-green emitting SrBaSiO4:Eu2+ phosphor layer or a red-emitting SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ phosphor layer on the YAG:Ce3+ phosphor layer and then choosing the most appropriate value of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ concentration. The experimental results which are satisfied expectations of researchers indicated that SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ has enforced its role in managing to raise the CRI and CQS. Particularly, the greater concentration of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ leads to the higher the CRI and CQS, since the red light component in WLEDs increased. Besides, the quality of luminous flux is in a tight connection with the SrBaSiO4:Eu2+ phosphor layer. Whereas, according to the Mie scattering theory and the Lambert-Beer law, if the concentration of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ and SrBaSiO4:Eu2+ becomes redundant, the luminous flux and color quality will take a deep dive. Briefly, the results from this article has largely contributed to fabricating high-quality WLEDs.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 2931-2939
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Continuous kannada speech segmentation and speech recognition based on threshold using MFCC And VQ

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp4684-4695
Vanajakshi Puttaswamy Gowda , Mathivanan Murugavelu , Senthil Kumaran Thangamuthu
Continuous speech segmentation and its  recognition is playing important role in natural language processing. Continuous context based Kannada speech segmentation depends  on context, grammer and semantics rules present in the kannada language. The significant feature extraction of kannada speech signal  for recognition system is quite exciting for researchers. In this paper proposed method  is  divided into two parts. First part of the method is continuous kannada speech signal segmentation with respect to the context based is carried out  by computing  average short term energy and its spectral centroid coefficients of  the speech signal present in the specified window. The segmented outputs are completely  meaningful  segmentation  for different scenarios with less segmentation error. The second part of the method is speech recognition by extracting less number Mel frequency cepstral coefficients with less  number of codebooks  using vector quantization .In this recognition is completely based on threshold value.This threshold setting is a challenging task however the simple method is used to achieve better recognition rate.The experimental results shows more efficient  and effective segmentation    with high recognition rate for any continuous context based kannada speech signal with different accents for male and female than the existing methods and also used minimal feature dimensions for training data.
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Page: 4684-4695
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Value creation with big data analytics for enterprises: a survey

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.11962
Ali; Islamic Azad University Mirarab , Seyedeh Leili; Kharazmi University Mirtaheri , Seyed Amir; Kharazmi University Asghari
The emergence of Big Data applications has paved the way for enterprises to use Big Data as a value-creation strategy for their business; however, the majority of enterprises fail to know how to generate value from their massive volumes of data. Big Data Analytics results can help the enterprises in better decision-making and provide them with additional profits. Studying different researches dedicated to value creation through Big Data Analytics. This paper (a) highlights the current state of the art proposed for creating value from Big Data Analytics, (b) identifies the essential factors and discusses their effects upon value creation, and (c) provides a classification of the cutting-edge technologies in this field.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 2790-2802
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Recognition system for facial expression by processing images with deep learning neural network

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.12948
Holman Montiel; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Ariza , Henry Hernández; Universidad Nacional de Colombia Martínez , Luz Andrea; Fundación Universitaria Panamericana Gaviria Roa
The recognition systems of patterns in images are mechanisms that filter the information that provides an image to highlight the area of interest for the user. Usually, these mechanisms are based on mathematical transformations that allow the processor to perform interpretations based on the geometry or shape of the image. However, the strategies that implement mathematical transformations are limited, since the effectiveness of these techniques is reduced by changing the morphology or resolution of the image. This paper presents a partial solution to this limitation with a digital image processing technique based on a deep learning neural network (DNN). This technique incorporates a mechanism that allows the DNN to determine the facial expression of a person, based on the segmented information of the image of their face. By segmenting the image and processing its characteristics in parallel, the proposed technique increases the effectiveness of recognizing facial gestures in different images even when modifying their characteristics.
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 2975-2982
Publish at: 2019-12-01

A photovoltaic integrated unified power quality conditioner with a 27-level inverter

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i6.13224
Kamel; An-Najah National Univeristy Saleh , Nael Hantouli
Abstract This paper presents a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with a 27- level inverter based on an asymmetric H-bridge topology. Each phase of the inverter is composed of three H-bridges, supplied by three DC sources scaled in the power of three. The output of the multilevel inverter is connected directly to the point of common coupling (PCC) without the need to a transformer or a filter. The calculation of the Shunt Active Power filter (SAPF) compensation current is based on the generalized theory of synchronous frame (d-q theory) while the calculation of a series active filter voltage is based on Instantaneous Reactive Power (p-q theory). The control of the SAPF is achieved by using a closed loop vector control followed by a new multilevel modulation technique. In addition to the capability of harmonic elimination of both current and voltage drawn from the source, the UPQC can produce real and reactive power to feed the loads during prolonged voltage outages or source shortage.  The injection of real and reactive power depends on the state of charge (SOC) of batteries, the frequency of the system, real and reactive power of the load, and power factor at the point of PCC. The proposed UPQC strategy is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK and the results has shown a significant improved in Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) of both the voltage and currents.  
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Page: 3232-3248
Publish at: 2019-12-01

Research methods of V/F control for matrix converter use direct space vector modulation

10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp5115-5124
Bogdan Vasilev , Le Van Tung
Matrix converter (MC) is direct AC to AC converter built on bidirectional switches with more outstanding advantages compared to the indirect AC - DC-AC converter such as power exchange in two directions, allowing regenerative braking performance amount returned grid. However, the modulation method for Matrix converter has the disadvantage of low voltage transmission ratio, current at the input and output current, the voltage of converter has many high-order harmonic components. The paper presents the technique of directly modulating the space vector which will improve the quality of matrix converter such as input and output currents with sine form, power factor input is nearly 1 and can be adjusted. Also, build V/F control method for matrix converter to control three-phase alternating current induction motors. Research results are tested by Matlab & Simulink software.
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Page: 5115-5124
Publish at: 2019-12-01
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