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31,456 Article Results

Performance analysis of multilayer multicast MANET CRN based on steiner minimal tree algorithm

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13639
Basma Nazar; Mustansiriyah University Nadhim , Sarab Kamal; Mustansiriyah University Mahmood
In this study, the multicast mobile ad hoc (MANET) CRN has been developed, which involves multi-hop and multilayer consideration and Steiner minimal tree (SMT) algorithm is employed as the router protocol. To enhance the network performance with regards to throughput and packet delivery rate (PDR), as channel assignment scheme, the probability of success (POS) is employed that accounts for the channel availability and the time needed for transmission when selecting the best channel from the numerous available channels for data transmission from the source to all destinations nodes effectively. Within Rayleigh fading channels under various network parameters, a comparison is done for the performance of SMT multicast (MANET) CRN with POS scheme versus maximum data rate (MDR), maximum average spectrum availability (MASA) and random channel assignment schemes. Based on the simulation results, the SMT multicast (MANET) CRN with POS scheme was seen to demonstrate the best performance versus other schemes. Also the results proved that the throughput and PDR performance are improved as the number the primary channels and the channel’s bandwidth increased while dropped as the value of packet size D increased. The network’s performance grew with rise in the value of idle probability (P_I) since the primary user’s (PU) traffic load is low when the value of P_I is high.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 37-50
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Review on secured data capabilities of cryptography, steganography, and watermarking domain

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp1053-1058
Farah Qasim Ahmed Al-Yousuf , Roshidi Din
Due to the increment of using Internet to transfer the critical and secret data, many studies interested in secured data and investigated many ways to secure the transferred information. This paper presents a review study on the field that used in a secured data domain. The main objective of this study is explore the capabilities of secured data that used widely by researchers. Furthermore, the benefits and the drawbacks for each of secured data domain are also studied. This paper concludes that cryptography techniques could be utilized with steganography and watermarking in secured data domain to enhance the security mechanisms.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 1053-1058
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A low power wideband varactorless VCO using tunable active inductor

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.11365
Omar; Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST) Faruqe , Rumana; Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST) Akhter , Md Tawfiq; Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST) Amin
This paper presents a wideband varactorless voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on tunable active inductor in 90 nm CMOS process which yields a tuning range of 1.22 GHz to 3.7 GHz having a tuning scope of 100.5%. The designed VCO can be used for wideband wireless applications. The proposed VCO consumes a very low power (1.05 ~ 2.5) mW with the change of tuning voltages (0.3 ~ 0.9) V and provides a differential output power of (1.17 ~ -5.13) dBm. The VCO exhibits phase noise of -80.50 dBc/Hz@2.74 GHz and the Figure of Merit (FOM) is -147.73 dBc/Hz @2.74 GHz at 1MHz offset frequency. Achievement of high tuning range by altering the inductance of inductor which paves the way for eliminating the MOS varactor that recedes the overall silicon area consumption, is the noteworthy outcome of the proposed VCO. Furthermore, considering the dc power consumption, figure of merit (FOM) and consistency of performance parameters over tuning range, the proposed VCO outstrips the other referred VCOs.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 264-271
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Complimentary split ring resonator sensor with high sensitivity based on material characterization

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13255
Amer Abbood; University Politehnica of Bucharest Al-behadili , Teodor; University Politehnica of Bucharest Petrescu , Iulia; University Politehnica of Bucharest Andreea Mocanu
A new model of microwave planar sensor established on the complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) as well as an air hole in substrate of the structure is introduced for a precise measurement of materials permittivity. The hole is filled into substrate of the planar microstrip line. The CSRR structure with hole is selected for the sensitivity analysis, the result is established to hold over quite sensitive compared with CSRR structure without hole and thus evidence to be more suitable for the sensor design. The sensor in the form of CSRRs operating at a 1.74–3.4 GHz band is explained. At resonance, it is found that the electric field produced straight the plane of CSRR being highly sensitive for the characterization of sample resident with the sensor. The minimum transmission frequency of sensor shifts from 3.4 to 1.74 GHz as the sample permittivity varies from 1 to 10. A numerical model is introduced here for the computation of the system resolution as a function of resonance frequency and sample permittivity using electromagnetic simulator. It is found that the proposed sensor provides 35% increment in sensitivity more than conventional sensor for same permittivity of the sample under test.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 272-281
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Graph-based algorithm for checking wrong indirect relationships in non-free choice

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12982
Agung; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Wiratmo , Kelly Rossa; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Sungkono , Riyanarto; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Sarno
In this context, this paper proposes a combination of parameterised decision mining and relation sequences to detect wrong indirect relationship in the non-free choice. The existing decision mining without parameter can only detect the direction, but not the correctness. This paper aims to identify the direction and correctness with decision mining with parameter. This paper discovers a graph process model based on the event log. Then, it analyses the graph process model for obtaining decision points. Each decision point is processed by using parameterised decision mining, so that decision rules are formed. The derived decision rules are used as parameters of checking wrong indirect relationship in the non-free choice. The evaluation shows that the checking wrong indirect relationships in non-free choice with parameterised decision mining have 100% accuracy, whereas the existing decision mining has 90.7% accuracy.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 106-113
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Vertebra osteoporosis detection based on bone density using Index-Singh statistical blended method

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.14462
Siswo; Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Wardoyo , Teguh; Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Firmansyah , Noviana; Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Prima , Wiyono; Akademi Teknologi Warga Wiyono , Soenarto; Vocational Education Yogyakarta State University Soenarto , Djemari; Vocational Education Yogyakarta State University Mardapi
Osteoporosis is a progressive decrease in bone density so that the bones become brittle and broken. Bones are composed of minerals such as calcium and phosphate, so the bones become hard and solid. Many people do not realize that osteoporosis is a silent disease. Therefore, early detection of osteoporosis is very important. Detection of osteoporosis can be done by utilizing x-ray images of the vertebra. In this research the detection of bone density using blended statistical methods and Index-Singh. The x-ray sample used in this research was 50 images of osteoporosis patients. The result of the area calculation yields the highest white pixel is 7,983 pixels and the lowest white pixel is 5,410 pixels. Based on the results of these calculations, a statistical grouping is conducted into 6 Index-Singh. The range of statistical values is 5,410–6,266 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 1, range of data 6,323–6,512 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 2, the data range 6,520-6,747 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 3, data range 6,778-6,998 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 4, data range 7,001-7,219 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 5, and data range 7,338-7,983 pixels grouped into Index-Singh 6. Overall, the results of testing the osteoporosis detection system have been successful and can be used as an early detection system for osteoporosis. This assistance system has a detection accuracy of 76% compared to doctor's justification.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 148-155
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Analysis review on linguistic steganalysis

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp950-956
Syiham Mohd Lokman , Aida Mustapha , Azizan Ismail , Roshidi Din
Steganography and steganalysis are essential topics for hiding information. Steganography is a technique of conceal secret messages by transmitting data through different domains. Its objective is to avoid discovery of secret messages. Steganalysis, meanwhile, is a method for locating the secret messages contained in the stego text. The objective of steganalysis is to find concealed data and to break the security of its domains. Steganalysis can be categorized into two types: targeted steganalysis and blind steganalysis. Steganography and steganalysis both have domains that are split into natural, also known as linguistic and digital media. There are three kinds of digital media which are picture, video and audio. The aim of this paper is to provide a survey on different linguistic steganalysis techniques used to find secret messages. This paper also highlighted two type of steganalysis method that are used in research and real practice. The discussion include findings on the most recent work on linguistic steganalysis techniques. This review hoped to help future research for improving and enhancing steganalytic capabilities.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 950-956
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A low cost fractal CPW fed antenna for UWB applications with a circular radiating patch

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12666
Akram El; Hassan 1st University of Settat Hamdouni , Abdelali; Hassan 1st University of Settat Tajmouati , Jamal; Hassan 1st University of Settat Zbitou , Hamid; Moulay Ismail University Bennis , Ahmed; Hassan 1st University of Settat Errkik , Larbi; Hassan 1st University of Settat El Abdellaoui , Mohamed; Microwave group, ESEO Angers Latrach
In this study a validated antenna into simulation and through measurement has been described and analyzed. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) technique has been chosen to feed the radiating patch while the two ground planes have been partially designed in the top side of the substrate. The fractal geometry, applied to the circular radiator, has been obtained by merging the circular and rectangular shapes. The fiberglass FR-4, with a single side of 35μm copper thickness, has been used to achieve the antenna material with a permittivity of 4.4, a thickness of 1.6 mm, a loss tangent of 0.025 and an overall dimension of 34x43 mm2. The proposed CPW fractal antenna has been configured to operate in the frequency range 3.1-10.6 GHz published by the federal communications commission (FCC) as an ultra-wide band (UWB). To calculate the return loss, the gain, the current density and the radiation pattern of the simulated antenna, two electromagnetic solvers have been involved which are the CST microwave studio and ADS. The series of measurement have been performed by using the network analyzer and the anechoic chamber in order to confirm the computed antenna.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 436-440
Publish at: 2020-02-01

In-sole plantar pressure device with optimization measurement techniques

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp739-749
O. Hussein , W.Z. Wan Hasan , A. Che Soh , H. Jafaar , H.R. Ramli , S.P. Ang , Zainidi Haji Abdul Hamid
Doctors and clinicians rely on accurate underfoot pressure data to perform diagnosis of foot diseases. In sole pressure measurement systems are designed to provide such data but its implementation suffers from certain constraints such as the need for a spacer to be placed on the sensor when taking measurements and the need for multiple calibrations due to the fact that the sensor parameters tend to change without it. In this work, we proposed an optimization technique to address these limitations. The results obtained from testing indicate that the proposed device performed measurement of plantar pressure effectively. Also, the calculation of body weight using the proposed optimization technique is improved from 5.07% to 9.06%. For validation, the results are compared with the measurements from a commercial plantar pressure device (EMED system) as benchmark. 
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 739-749
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Design and development broadband monopole antenna for in-door application

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13171
Ali Abdulateef; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Abdulbari , Z.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Zakaria , Sharul Kamal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Abdul Rahim , Yaqthan Mahmood; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Hussein , Mustafa Mohammed; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Jawad , Ayad Muslim; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Hamzah
This paper describes the broadband monopole antenna refers to a signal wideband of the frequencies, which can be divided the signal into channels of the frequency bins.  Aim this paper to design and development broadband monopole antenna. The monopole antenna was designed by adding slot to the radiated patch antenna with a single feed line, which reduced the size and the design complexity. A rectangular patch antenna was presented using feed line to decrease the ground plane with a suitable gap distance. The broadband monopole antenna was designed with a frequency range of 800 MHz–3 GHz, with Bandwidth 0.66(dB), reflection coefficients and return loss. The frequency-dependent characteristic impedance was included. It can be used in various broadband applications in used commercially for various communication systems such as 4G (LTE), WiMAX and WLAN (LTE), remote sensing, biomedical, and mobile wireless. Apart from that, this technology is environment-friendly; an antenna which consists of reception and transmission. The antenna is simulated by using computer simulation (CST) software; a low cost of 4.4 permittivity FR-4 substrate is used. The measurement result is accepted with simulation result, proving the acceptable broadband operation for this proposed structure.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 51-56
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Examination on the physical properties of untreated kenaf insulation paper at different beating degrees

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp759-766
Muhammad Umair , Norhafiz Azis , Rasmina Halis , Jasronita Jasni
This paper examines the physico-mechanical properties of untreated kenaf based insulation paper with consideration on different beating degrees. Kenaf bast fibers were first processed through soda pulping process. Different beating degrees were subjected to the processed pulps. Physical parameters of the paper were measured for each of the beating degrees. It is found that as the beating revolution increases, the kenaf based insulation paper’s density, tensile index and burst index increase while thickness and tear index decrease. 
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 759-766
Publish at: 2020-02-01

PWM control techniques for three phase three level inverter drives

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.12440
Arkan A.; University of Kufa Kadum
In this paper two very efficient pulse width modulation techniques were discussed named Sin pulse width modulation and space vector pulse width modulation. The basic structure of the three-level inverter neutral-point clamped is introduced and the basic idea about space vector pulse width modulation for three-level voltage source inverter has been discussed in detail. Nearest three vectors space vector pulse width modulation control algorithm is adopted as the control strategy for the three phase three level NPC inverter in order to compensate the neutral-point shifting. Mathematical formulation for calculating switching sequence has determined. Comparative analysis proving superiority of the space vector pulse width modulation technique over the conventional pulse width modulation, and the results of the simulations of inverter confirm the feasibility and advantage of the space vector pulse width modulation strategy over sin pulse width modulation in terms of good utilization of dc-bus voltage, low current ripple and reduced switching frequency. Space vector pulse width modulation provides advantages better fundamental output voltage and useful in improving harmonic performance and reducing total harmonic distortion.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 519-529
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Iris images encryption based on QR code and chaotic map

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.13293
Raniah Ali; Mustansiriyah University Mustafa , Amal Abdulbaqi; Mustansiriyah University Maryoosh , Dena Nadir; Mustansiriyah University George , Waleed Rasheed; Mustansiriyah University Humood
In this paper an Iris image is encrypted based on QR (quick response) code and chaotic map. The main idea of the proposed system is generating a QR code depending on the input text and then extract the features from QR code by using convolution, these features are used for key generation. After that the permuted iris image is encrypted by using generated key, after that the resulting image will be encrypts using 2D logistic map. The randomness of generated key is tested using the measures of NIST, and quality of images that encrypted in this method are tested by using security analysis tests such as PSNR, UACI, NPCR, histogram, correlation and entropy. The security analysis shows that the proposed system is secure for iris image encryption.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 289-300
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp900-907
Muhamed K. Husein
In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 900-907
Publish at: 2020-02-01

MIMO channels: optimizing throughput and reducing outage by increasing multiplexing gain

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i1.8720
Oboyerulu; Covenant University Agboje , Nsikan; Covenant University Nkordeh , Uzairue Stanley; Covenant University Idiake , Ololade; Covenant University Oladoyin , Kennedy; Covenant University Okokpujie , Ibinabo; Covenant University Bob-Manuel
The two main aims of deploying multiple input multiple out (MIMO) are to achieve spatial diversity (improves channel reliability) and spatial multiplexing (increase data throughput). Achieving both in a given system is impossible for now, and a trade-off has to be reached as they may be conflicting objectives. The basic concept of multiplexing: divide (multiplex) transmit a data stream several branches and transmit via several (independent) channels. In this paper, we focused mainly on achieving spatial multiplexing by modeling the channel using the diagonal Bell Labs space time scheme (D-BLAST) and the vertical Bell Labs space time architecture (V-BLAST) Matlab simulations results were a lso given to further compare the advantages of spatial multiplexing.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page: 419-426
Publish at: 2020-02-01
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