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31,456 Article Results

Improving the selection of MPRs in OLSR protocol: a survey of methods and techniques

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp288-295
Omar Barki , Zouhair Guennoun , Adnane Addaim
Multi Point Relays (MPRs) are those nodes that are calculated and determined by the Optimized Link State Routing protocol (OLSR) in order to minimize and avoid overload inside the Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). In this paper, we will present a synthetic study of many techniques and methods for calculating and selecting the MPR nodes using a set of criteria namely energy, mobility, bandwidth, the quality of links, etc. The result of this study shows that most techniques consider a limited number of metrics for selecting the MPR nodes and therefore they are insufficient to allow the OLSR protocol to be quite complete and efficient because several metrics can occur at the same time in the real execution environment.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 288-295
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Performance analysis of binary and multiclass models using azure machine learning

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp978-986
Smitha Rajagopal , Katiganere Siddaramappa Hareesha , Poornima Panduranga Kundapur
Network data is expanding and that too at an alarming rate. Besides, the sophisticated attack tools used by hackers lead to capricious cyber threat landscape. Traditional models proposed in the field of network intrusion detection using machine learning algorithms emphasize more on improving attack detection rate and reducing false alarms but time efficiency is often overlooked. Therefore, in order to address this limitation, a modern solution has been presented using Machine Learning-as-a-Service platform. The proposed work analyses the performance of eight two-class and three multiclass algorithms using UNSW NB-15, a modern intrusion detection dataset. 82,332 testing samples were considered to evaluate the performance of algorithms. The proposed two class decision forest model exhibited 99.2% accuracy and took 6 seconds to learn 1,75,341 network instances. Multiclass classification task was also undertaken wherein attack types like generic, exploits, shellcode and worms were classified with a recall percentage of 99%, 94.49%, 91.79% and 90.9% respectively by the multiclass decision forest model that also leapfrogged others in terms of training and execution time.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 978-986
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A test architecture design for SoCs using ATAM method

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp719-727
D. R. V. A. Sharath Kumar , Ch. Srinivas Kumar , Ragamayi S. , P. Sampath Kumar , K. Saikumar , Sk. Hasane Ahammad
Test arranging is a basic issue in structure on-a-chip (S.O.C) experiment mechanization. Capable investigation designs constrain the general organization check request time, keep away from analysis reserve conflicts, in addition to purpose of restriction control disseminating in the midst of examination manner. In this broadsheet, we absent a fused method to manage a couple of test arranging issues. We first present a system to choose perfect timetables for sensibly evaluated SOC’s among need associations, i.e., plans that spare alluring orderings among tests. This furthermore acquaints a capable heuristic estimation with plan examinations designed for enormous S.O.Cs through need necessities in polynomial occasion. We portray a narrative figuring with the purpose of uses pre-emption of tests to secure capable date-books in favour of SOCs. Exploratory marks on behalf of an educational S-O-C plus a cutting edge SOC exhibit with the aim of capable investigation timetables be able to subsist gained in sensible CPU occasion.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 719-727
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Rain attenuation distribution for satellite microwave links application in Tanzania

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp982-987
Promota Haule Linga , Hashim Uledi Iddi , Mussa Kissaka
Rain rate and Rain Attenuation predictions are important in radio system operating at Ku and Ka bands as they affect telecommunication systems performance. To adequately estimate rain-induced attenuation and fading, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommends use of rainfall data collected using 1-minute integration time. For Tanzania, no rainfall data with 1-minute integration time is available either through measurements or conversion from rainfall data with longer integration time. In this paper the rain attenuation is predicted for seven locations in the coastal area of Tanzania. The 1- minute rainfall rate is determined by Chebil’s model using long-term measurements from Tanzania Metrological Agency (TMA) collected for a period of forty years, results obtained are used to estimate rain attenuations. By using the International Telecommunication Union-Recommendation (ITU-R) model, rain attenuation is predicted at horizontal polarization at Ku and Ka band. The results show that Unguja has the highest average annual rainfall accumulation with rain attenuation as high as ~53.22dB for Ka band and ~15.14dB for Ku band making the difference of about 38.08 between the two frequency bands. On the other hand, Kibaha which has the lowest average annual rainfall accumulation along the coast has rain attenuation of ~47.27dB for Ka and ~13.41dB for Ku bands, making the difference of 33.86dB between the frequency bands. Results obtained from this study can be useful in designing earth-satellite microwave links in the coastal area of Tanzania.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 982-987
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Random forest age estimation model based on length of left hand bone for Asian population

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp549-558
Mohd Faaizie Darmawan , Ahmad Firdaus Zainal Abidin , Shahreen Kasim , Tole Sutikno , Rahmat Budiarto
In forensic anthropology, age estimation is used to ease the process of identifying the age of a living being or the body of a deceased person. Nonetheless, the specialty of the estimation models is solely suitable to a specific people. Commonly, the models are inter and intra-observer variability as the qualitative set of data is being used which results the estimation of age to rely on forensic experts. This study proposes an age estimation model by using length of bone in left hand of Asian subjects range from newborn up to 18-year-old. One soft computing model, which is Random Forest (RF) is used to develop the estimation model and the results are compared with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), developed in the previous case studies. The performance measurement used in this study and the previous case study are R-square and Mean Square Error (MSE) value. Based on the results produced, the RF model shows comparable results with the ANN and SVM model. For male subjects, the performance of the RF model is better than ANN, however less ideal than SVM model. As for female subjects, the RF model overperfoms both ANN and SVM model. Overall, the RF model is the most suitable model in estimating age for female subjects compared to ANN and SVM model, however for male subjects, RF model is the second best model compared to the both models. Yet, the application of this model is restricted only to experimental purpose or forensic practice.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 549-558
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Fast photovoltaic IncCond-MPPT and backstepping control, using DC-DC boost converter

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1101-1112
Mohamed Moutchou , Atman Jbari
In this paper, we present our contribution in photovoltaic energy optimization subject. In this research work, the goal is to determinate fastly the optimal PV Module working point, allowing maximum power extraction. In this work we use DC-DC Boost converter to control the working point, by adjusting PV voltage trough duty cycle. In order to achieve our goal, we use the combination of incremental conductance MPPT technique and DC-DC Boost converter backstepping control. The validation of this control is made by Matlab simulation; the obtained results prove its effectiveness and its good maximum power tracking dynamics for different irradiance and temperature profiles.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1101-1112
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Optimal packet routing for wireless body area network using software defined network to handle medical emergency

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp427-437
B. Manickavasagam , B. Amutha , S. Priyanka
The packet forwarding node selection is one of the main constraints in the Software Defined Network (SDN). To improve the network performance, the SDN controller has to choose the shortest and optimised path between source and destination in routine and emergency packet transmission. In e-health service, information of the emergency patient has to be transferred immediately to remote hospitals or doctors by using efficient packet routing approach in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). In WBAN, to improve the packet transmission, the optimal packet routing policy developed based on packets priority with the support of a greedy algorithm for SDN. The SDN Controller selects the forwarding node based on node propagation delay and available bandwidth between two forwarding nodes. The mesh network topology network created for implementation, implementation results are compared with existing research works. Finally, this algorithm implemented in our institution, Software defined communication testbed laboratory (SDCTestbed Lab) with the support of 13 Zodiac-Fx (Forwarding device), 2 Raspberry-Pi3 B+ Model (host) and Arduino kit (sensor node).
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 427-437
Publish at: 2020-02-01

The upsurge of deep learning for computer vision applications

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp538-548
Priyanka Patel , Amit Thakkar
Artificial intelligence (AI) is additionally serving to a brand new breed of corporations disrupt industries from restorative examination to horticulture. Computers can’t nevertheless replace humans, however, they will work superbly taking care of the everyday tangle of our lives. The era is reconstructing big business and has been on the rise in recent years which has grounded with the success of deep learning (DL). Cyber-security, Auto and health industry are three industries innovating with AI and DL technologies and also Banking, retail, finance, robotics, manufacturing. The healthcare industry is one of the earliest adopters of AI and DL. DL accomplishing exceptional dimensions levels of accurateness to the point where DL algorithms can outperform humans at classifying videos & images. The major drivers that caused the breakthrough of deep neural networks are the provision of giant amounts of coaching information, powerful machine infrastructure, and advances in academia. DL is heavily employed in each academe to review intelligence and within the trade-in building intelligent systems to help humans in varied tasks. Thereby DL systems begin to crush not solely classical ways, but additionally, human benchmarks in numerous tasks like image classification, action detection, natural language processing, signal process, and linguistic communication process.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 538-548
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A response time reduction for DC motor controller using SISO technique

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp895-906
Falih S. M. Alkhafaji , W. Z. Wan Hasan , M. M. Isa , N. Sulaiman
In an industrial controller, over five decades there are many attempts had been proposed to improve a method of tuning proportional gains of PID controller. Where in the review there is a very little attention have been paid to use satisfactory tuning to get maximum performance. This paper proposes an alternative solution to maximize optimization for a controller-based DC motor. The novel methodology relies on merge proper tuning with optimization using SISO-Optimization technique-based tune ). The comparative study has been done by utilizing classical tuning methods Z N, SIMC, CHR, and AMIGO, to obtain suitable tuning to be joined with . The proposed PID controller was examined in term of response time characteristics. This strategy provides a superior reduction in peak overshoot Pos, dead time td, rise time tr, settling time ts, and peak time tp, that could be utilized to improve the responses of a DC motor controller. Based on comparison results, it was founded that a CHR based SISO_optimization  playing a superior role over others in term of Pos 0%, td 0.1811µsec., tr 17.2 µsec, ts30.7 µsec, tp 80 µsec, and the number of iterations iter No 9.Ultimatly,this work overcome the majority of previouse work that related with this approach.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 895-906
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Design and implementation a prototype system for fusion image by using SWT-PCA algorithm with FPGA technique

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp757-766
Muthna Jasim Fadhil , Rashid Ali Fayadh , Mousa K. Wali
The technology of fusion image is dominance strongly over domain research for recent years, the techniques of fusion have various applications in real time used and proposed such as purpose of military and remote sensing etc.,the fusion image is very efficient in processing of digital image. Single image produced from two images or more information of relevant combining process results from multi sensor fusion image. FPGA is the best implementation types of most technology enabling wide spread.This device works with modern versions for different critical characteristics same huge number of elements logic in order to permit complex algorithm implemented. In this paper,filters are designed and implemented in FPGA utilized for disease specified detection from images CT/MRI scanned where the samples are taken for human's brain with various medical images and the processing of fusion employed by using technique Stationary Wavelet Transform and Principal Component Analysis (SWT-PCA). Accuracy image output increases when implemented this technique and that was done by sampling down eliminating where effects blurring and artifacts doesn't influenced. The algorithm of SWT-PCA parameters quality measurements like NCC,MSE ,PSNR, coefficients and Eigen values.The advantages significant of this system that provide real time, time rapid to market and portability beside the change parametric continuing in the DWT transform. The designed and simulation of module proposed system has been done by using MATLAB simulink and blocks generator system, Xilinx synthesized with synthesis tool (XST) and implemented in XilinxSpartan 6-SP605 device.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 757-766
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Automated fundus image quality assessment and segmentation of optic disc using convolutional neural networks

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp816-827
Bhargav Bhatkalkar , Abhishek Joshi , Srikanth Prabhu , Sulatha Bhandary
An automated fundus image analysis is used as a tool for the diagnosis of common retinal diseases. A good quality fundus image results in better diagnosis and hence discarding the degraded fundus images at the time of screening itself provides an opportunity to retake the adequate fundus photographs, which save both time and resources. In this paper, we propose a novel fundus image quality assessment (IQA) model using the convolutional neural network (CNN) based on the quality of optic disc (OD) visibility. We localize the OD by transfer learning with Inception v-3 model. Precise segmentation of OD is done using the GrabCut algorithm. Contour operations are applied to the segmented OD to approximate it to the nearest circle for finding its center and diameter. For training the model, we are using the publicly available fundus databases and a private hospital database. We have attained excellent classification accuracy for fundus IQA on DRIVE, CHASE-DB, and HRF databases. For the OD segmentation, we have experimented our method on DRINS-DB, DRISHTI-GS, and RIM-ONE v.3 databases and compared the results with existing state-of-the-art methods. Our proposed method outperforms existing methods for OD segmentation on Jaccard index and F-score metrics.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 816-827
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Design and simulation of high frequency colpitts oscillator based on BJT amplifier

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp160-170
Khalid A. Humood , Omar A. Imran , Adnan M. Taha
Frequency oscillator is one of the basic devices that can be used in most electrical, electronics and communications circuits and systems. There are many types of oscillators depending on frequency range used in an application such as audio, radio and microwave. The needed was appeared to use high and very high frequencies to make the rapid development of advanced technology Colpitts oscillator is one of the most common types of oscillator, it can be used for radio frequency (RF), that its output signal is often utilized at the basic of a wireless communication system in most application. In this research, a Colpitts oscillator is comprised from a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) amplifier with LC tank. This design is carrying out with a known Barkhausen criterion for oscillation. Firstly, is carried out using theoretical calculation. The secondary is carried out using simulation (Multisim 13). All the obtained result from the above two approaches are 10 MHz and 9.745 MHz respectively. This result is seen to be very encouraging.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 160-170
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Estimation of tertiary dentin thickness on pulp capping treatment with digital image processing technology

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp521-529
Slamet Riyadi , Laila Ma’rifatul Azizah , Fauri Hakim , Cahya Damarjati , Sartika Puspita , Erma Sofiani
Dentists usually observe the tertiary dentin formation after pulp capping treatment by comparing periapical radiograph before and after treatment visually. However many dentists find difficulties to observe tertiary dentin and also they can’t measure exactly the thickness of the tertiary dentin. The aims of this study is to assist the dentists to measure the area of tertiary dentin and calculate the dentin formation using b-spline image processing. The dental radiograph of 38 patients of pulp capping in the Dental Hospital Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Each of patient visited dental hospital 3 times. First, the patient got an application of pulp capping material. Second, after one-week treatment and temporary restoration and the third, after more than one month with the composite as the final restoration. Every visited the patient take a radiograph. Dentist placed the dot from the patient's radiograph. The dots were combined and processed with digital image processing. The b-spline method changed the dot to one area. After the calculation, the dentist can see whether there was dentin formation which means it is one of the treatment success indicators. Dentist has the better view to measure the dentin formation by providing area value of its tertiary dentin thickness calculation. We compare the result to the program calculation using the b-spline method and visual observation from the dentist. This study indicated the thickness of tertiary dentin can be measured by this program with an accuracy of 94.2%. Therefore, dentist can make tertiary dentin thickness prediction from patient’s radiograph.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 521-529
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Inter-trip links incorporated optimal protection coordination

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp72-79
Ali Abbasi , Hossein Kazemi Karegar , Tohid Soleymani Aghdam
Due to advances in smart grid, different communication links as delay, inter-trip and activation are used between relays to enhance the protection system performance. In this paper, the effect of inter-trip links on optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is analytically investigated and modelled. Moreover, an index is proposed to find the optimum locations for inter-trip link installation to reach the minimal fault clearance times under the selectivity constraint. Then a method is proposed to determine the candidate locations of inter-trip links and the associated reduced operating times. An Exhaustive search approach is also used to validate the efficiency of the proposed method. The method is simulated and tested on distribution network of IEEE 33 bus using the Power Factory software and MATLAB optimization toolbox. Genetic algorithm is used as an optimization tool to find optimal settings of relays. The results indicate the capability of proposed method in optimal protection coordination with optimum inter-trips.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 72-79
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Modular multilevel inverter for renewable energy applications

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1-14
Arikesh A. , A. K. Parvathy
This paper proposes a Multilevel Inverter (MLI) which focuses on two objective , minimal voltage sources and lesser switching component. The proposed Asymmetrical Cascaded Multilevel Inverter (ACMLI) is able to achieve the objective by selectively opting the voltage level of DC sources chosen and implementing the mathematical operation of addition and subtraction on the DC sources. This system also utilizes multiple carrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique (MCS-PWM) for operating the switches. It is found that the number of switches required for proposed modular bridge ACMLI and modified H bridge ACMLI was lesser than the traditional Cascaded H bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHB-MLI). It is also evident that the number of DC voltage sources and filter required for smoothing the output waveform is reduced compared to the traditional MLI. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for the proposed circuit was simulated and analyzed in MATLAB Simulink environment and the results are found to be very less and satisfactory. The proposed circuit can find its application in integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to the utility grid, Electrical Vehicle (EV) , harmonic reduction and so on. The simulation results of the proposed circuits are tabulated and compared with the traditional cascaded MLI.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1-14
Publish at: 2020-02-01
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