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27,544 Article Results

Multiplexer Based Multiplications for Signal Processing Applications

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp583-586
Pankaj Kumar Sinha , Preetha Sharan
In signal processing, Filter is a device that removes the unwanted signals. In any electronic circuits, Filters are widely used in the fundamental hands on tool. The basic function of the filter is to selectively allow the desired signal to pass through and /or control the undesired signal based on the frequency. A signal processing filter satisfies a set of requirements which are realization and improvement of the filter. A filter system consists of an analog to digital converter is used to sample the input signal, traced by a microprocessor and some components such as memory to store the data and filter coefficients.  Filters can easily be designed to be “linear phase” and it is easy to implement. In this paper, the birecoder multiplier (BM) is designed in terms of VLSI design environment. The proposed multiplier is implemented by using VHDL language and Xilinx ISE for synthesis. The multiplier is mainly used for image processing applications as well as signal processing applications.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 583-586
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Perception Factors, Intentions and Attitudes with Market Community Participation to Prevent Occupational Diseases

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.9175
Hariza Adnani , AA Subiyanto , Diffah Hanim , Endang Sutisna Sulaeman
An Occupational Disease was a disease caused by work or work environment. One of the efficient and effective strategies for controlling Occupational Disease was the empowerment and participation of the community called Occupational Health Unit (Pos UKK) in the workplace. Based on the data of market health inspection in Pos UKK Imogiri market  in March 2017, there were only 67 participants (19.17%) from 365 invited people.: The purpose of this research was to know the internal factors with the community participation in Pos UKK Imogiri market Bantul. This research was a quantitative analytic research with cross sectional design. The population was 365 people and the sample was 150 respondents. The sampling used purposive sampling technique. Kendall Tau test showed that there was a relation between perception and community participation (p value <0.05, r  = 0.677); Intentions related to community participation (p value <0.05 r = 0.486); Attitudes related to community participation (p value <0.05 , r= 0.802). F test result showed that the variables of Perception, Intentions and Attitudes related simultaneously to community participation (F value = 387.41> F table = 2.67). The dominant independent variable was Attitudes with the highest Standard Beta Coefficient value was 0.776.  Perceptions, Intentions and Attitudes related both partially and simultaneously to community participation; the independent variable that had dominant influence was Attitudes. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 39-45
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Protection Of Sequence and Communication Technology Equipment Using Smart Grid Application

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp616-618
Archenaa J , E. A. Mary Anitha
This paper investigates the merger of energy utility circuits with that of the data and correspondence innovation (ICT) gear under the keen matrix and the security suggestions that this postures, and figures out what is the most extreme voltage that ICT hardware, composed as per IEC 62368-1 can specifically get to control framework circuits. The coming of the keen lattice, the modernization of the power framework utilizing current data and correspondence innovation methods, alongside the expansion of electric vehicle frameworks to the matrix, guarantees to change the business in uncommon manners. In this paper will be utilized as a part of this paper for deciding the level of security of ICT gear must be built to keeping in mind the end goal to be conveyed in higher-voltage application.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 616-618
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Determinant Factors of Work-Related Complaints

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.9124
Qoni Mulia Sagita , Yuliani Setyaningsih , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Home-based workers of Footwear industries in Semarang Regency are all womans. The employment status of home-based workers usually unrecognized or unregulated by the employer or their itermediaries so that they did not paid close attention about HWBs’s working condition. They often work on inadequate working environment such as poor ventilation system, bad lighting, humid working space (damp wall and floor), and also poor layout of furnitures and work equipments. That condition exaberated by lack of HWBs’s knowledge and awareness regarding their health and safety at work. In addition HBWs often with little to none education, work on long extended working hours and working under intensive labor.This research was aimed to determine the relationship between respondent characteristics, medical history, and use of PPE with work-related complaints on home workers of shoe industry in Semarang regency. This was an observational analytic study using cross sectional approach. Population in this study was 80 home workers of shoe industry in Semarang regency. The samples are 66 home workers were taken using stratified random sampling method. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution and Chi-Square test. The results of this study showed that there were some variables that have significant association with work-related complaints (p≤ 0.05) including, length of work, duration of work, personal protective equipment (PPE). While the variables of age, body mass index (BMI), and medical history did not show significant association with work-related complaints (p> 0.05). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed the duration of work had the most powerful influence to the work-related complaints. The conclusion of this study was important for home workers to maintain health condition by doing exercise to avoid work-related complaints. Home workers that have long duration of work should increase the use of PPE such as masks and gloves.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 46-50
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Spatial Patterns of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Analysing Rainfall Patterns in Visual Formation

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.11376
Hendra Rohman
Management sustainability related tuberculosis patient treatment was limited. Tuberculosis analysis was still in the form of data aggregation. This is cross sectional survey using geographical information system, analyzed by descriptive methods, the sample included 162 pulmonary tuberrculosis patient in 2014. The variables were pulmonary tuberrculosis patients and isohyet data. Mycrobacterium tuberculosis will be survive and multiply during rainy season. Rainfall data was an increasing pattern from first quarter to fourth quarter in 2014, however data in 2011, 2012 and 2013, which each quarter was largely experiencing sustained increase and decline. Pulmonary tuberrculosis patients were most prevalent in 2014. It was increase in the rainy season. The most high rainfall intensity (> 2400 mm) in east of Lendah and western of Kokap areas, while the lowest intensity (< 1500 mm) in east of Nanggulan, in the south of Panjatan and Galur areas. It was mostly located in areas with high rainfall intensity (2200 - 2400 mm) which spreads and stretches in Sentolo, Wates, and Panjatan areas. Pulmonary tuberrculosis occurred over the rainy season. Spatial pattern distribution of pulmonary tuberrculosis patients in high rainfall intensity spreads and stretches from east to west areas. Active case monitoring program should be performed by tuberculosis program that concerned in areas of high rainfall intensity.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 13-21
Publish at: 2018-03-01

An Efficent Distributed Medium Access Control for V2I VANET

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp742-751
Neelambike S , Chandrika J
Provisioning smart intelligent transport for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) depends on dissemination of safety-related messages. The performance of VANET are highly affected due vehicle density, mobility and environmental condition. Recently several research has been under development, the design of a rapid, flexible, efficient and reliable medium access control (MAC) which address the precise constraint of smart intelligent transport system in the highly dynamic VANET environment. Extensive survey carried out in this work shows TDMA (Time division medium access) based MAC approach outperform carrier sense medium access/ collision avoidance CSMA\CA based approach. However, TDMA based approach incurs bandwidth wastages. To utilize bandwidth more efficiently cognitive radio (CR) technique is adopted for designing efficient MAC. However, the existing CR model incurs computation overhead and is not evaluated under different environmental condition such as rural, highway and urban (RHU). To overcome research challenges, this work present efficient decentralized distributed MAC (DMAC) that minimize collision and maximize throughput. Experiment are conducted to evaluate the performance of DMAC over state-of-art model in terms of throughput, success transmission and collision achieved. The outcome shows significant performance over state-of-model.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 742-751
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Morbidity Pattern among Out-Patients Attending Urban Health Training Centre in Srinagar

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.8398
Santosh Kumar , Haroon Ali , Amit Kumar Singh , Abhishek Raj
The current study was designed to identify the morbidity pattern of out-patients attending Urban Health Training Centre in an urban area of a medical college in Srinagar, Pauri Garhwal district, Uttarakhand, North India. The present study record-based retrospective study was conducted among the out-patients attending the regular clinic at the Urban Health Training Centre, of a medical college in Srinagar city of Uttarakhand State of North India during the study period of one year in 2014. Data was retrieved from the OPD registers maintained at the clinic. Data was collected pertaining to socio-demographic profile, morbidity details and treatment pattern. Diseases were identified using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) code. Descriptive analysis was done.  During the study period, a total of 9343 subjects attended the OPD. Among them, majority of them (60%) were females. More than half (56 %) belonged to the age group of 35-65 year age-group. The association of disease classification was found to be statistically significant with respect to gender. The leading morbidity of communicable disease was found to be certain infectious and parasitic diseases especially Typhoid whereas musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disorders were the most common cause among morbidity due to NCDs. Out of all, typhoid was found to cause maximum of morbidity among the subjects. The present study highlights the morbidity pattern of communicable and NCDs among the population of hilly areas of Garhwal, Uttarakhand India. Priority should be preferred for the regular tracking of diseases in terms of preventive and promotive aspects. Morbidity in the out- door clinics reflects the emerging trend of mixed disease spectrum burden comprising communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 1-7
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Determinant Factors of Pneumonia among Toddlers

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.10156
Muchsin Maulana , Dwi Rahmatun Handari , Septian Emma Dwi Jatmika , Hermin Sunarti
Pneumonia still becomes a public health problems that causing pain and death on toddlers. There are many factors which may influence the increase of pneumonia incidence on toddlers, from the aspect of kid individuals and house anvironment such as ventilation, residential density and the presence of smokers. In 2016 found 760 cases of pneumonia that took place in Yogyakarta Country. One area of this district with high influence of pneumonia is Public Health Center of  Gondomanan, this area increased the number of pneumonia incidence in 2014-2016. This research used Cross Sectional research design with Chi Square analysis. The sample of this research is 54 respondents were obtained by Purposive Sampling technique. Instrument is used questionnaired to measure ventilation, residential density and the presence of smokers observation. Showed that there was a correlation between ventilation (p=0.000; RP=2.786), residential density (p=0.007; RP=2.043), the presence of smokers (p=0.002; RP=2.2) with pneumonia incidence on toddlers, in the Area of Puskesmas Gondomanan, Yogyakarta. Ventilation, residential density, and the presence of smokers is Correlation with pneumonia incidence on toddlers in one area of Yogyakarta. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 51-58
Publish at: 2018-03-01

A Simplified PWM Technique for Reduced Switch Count Multilevel Inverter

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp711-721
Adireddy Ramesh, , O. Chandra Sekhar , M. Siva Kumar
Penetration of multilevel inverters (MLI) in to high power and medium voltage application has been increasing because of its advantages. The conventional two levels inverter has high harmonic distortion which gives poor power quality. Lot of topologies has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of a two level inverter. These topologies include more number of switching devices which increases the design complexity and cost. The optimum design of inverter requires less number of switches with better quality in waveform. In this paper, a symmetrical five level and seven levels inverter configuration with simplified pulse width modulation technique is proposed. This proposed inverter requires less switches, less protection circuits along with low cost and size. The analysis of the inverter circuits is done by using Matlab/Simulink software. The synthesized staircase wave form is shown and total harmonic distortion (THD) is also measured.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 711-721
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Premarital Sex among Adolescent Street Children in Pekanbaru

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.11405
Yessi Harnani , Agus Alamsyah , Al Hidayati
Premarital sex is any behavior that is driven by sexual desire with the opposite sex before marriage. Some premarital sex activities include feeling, kissing, necking, petting, and intercourse. Premarital sex in adolescents has a negative impact such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, resulting in increased maternal, neonatal deaths and perinatal, increasing the incidence of HIV / AIDS, dropping out of school. To Know Relations factors knowledge, girlfriend status, exposure to pornography, family harmony, the negative influence of peers and parental supervision with premarital sex on street adolescent girls. Quantitative analytical observational method with cross sectional design. Samples of 100 teenage children street children in Pekanbaru City. Snow ball sampling technique, Instrument is a questionnaire. Univariate data analysis, multivariate bivariate with logistic regression test. showed 65% (65 people) prenup sex, 78% dating, 74% pornography exposure, peer influence 70%, lack of knowledge of youth 61%, family not harmonious 80%, and low parental supervision 57 %. The related variables (p value <0.05) with premarital sex behavior are boyfriend status, pornographic exposure and peer influence. Status girlfriend most risky 39 times premarital sex. There is relationship and influence of 3 factors to premarital sex on adolescent child of Street of Pekanbaru Town. Suggestions for the formation of containers such as peer counselor and BKR (Youth Family Development) as a precautionary measure to increase the number of premarital sex incidents in the juveniles Street Children Pekanbaru.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 22-26
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Integration of Reversing Voltage Multilevel Inverter Topology with High Voltage Gain boost Converter for Distributed Generation

10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i1.pp210-219
S. Nagaraja Rao , D. V. Ashok Kumar , Ch. Sai Babu
The conventional energy sources available to us are on the verge of depletion. This depletion of conventional energy source leads to concentrate more on alternative energy sources. In this research, the focus is on the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in electrical power generation. Even though, the RES based plants produce power, we cannot directly connect it to the grid or loads. Because, the voltage ratings and nature supply of RES plants would not match with the load. Hence, this is a major issue for connecting RES plants to load or other utility. The power electronic converters are extensively being used as a link between load and supply. As most of the renewable energy power generation is DC in nature, the DC-DC converter is used to increase the voltage level and this DC must be converted to AC for grid connection. Therefore, inverters are used for DC to AC conversion. In this paper, the DC supply of renewable energy is connected to load by using cascade DC-DC converters along with a proposed reversing voltage (RV) multilevel inverter (MLI). The first DC-DC converter is used to enhance the voltage level with high gain and second converter is used to split the DC supply for inverter convenience. In this paper, proposed RV symmetrical and asymmetrical MLI generates 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 levels with only ten power switches. In-phase level-shifted triangular carrier type sine pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is employed to trigger the commutating switches of proposed RV MLI. Switches of H-Bridge for reverse voltage appearance across the load are triggered by simple pulse generator. The circuits are modeled and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Results are presented and discussed.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 210-219
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Sources of Cardiovascular Health Information and Channels of Health Communication among Urban Population in Nigeria

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.10767
Ejiofor Augustine Ezika , Beth Cross , Moira Lewitt
This study employed mixed methods to investigate the preferred sources of health information and later explored the views of community healthcare workers on the enablers, barriers and ways of overcoming barriers to health communication. The study found that majority of the participants preferred their source of CV (cardiovascular) health information from the healthcare workers including the medical doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. On the other hand, the least preferred source of health information was from friends, family members, and community leaders. Some of the identified enablers to community health communication include awareness programme via Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), community-based organisations such as faith-based organisations and healthcare facilities. Others are traditional media and social media. The identified barriers to community-based health communication include lack of knowledge and poverty, language barriers, and other miscellaneous issues including misuse of internet, lack of basic amenities and religious beliefs. The community-based healthcare providers articulated ways to overcome the identified barriers, including enlightenment programmes, using the language of the target audience, funding health awareness programmes, and monitoring of health education interventions. This study concludes that dissemination of health information using numerous channels is essential in ensuring population-wide primary prevention of diseases.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 72-80
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Affective Disorders in The Elderly: The Risk of Sleep Disorders

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.9960
Eni Folendra Rosa , Nelly Rustiaty
The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship of sleep disorders to the incidence of affective disorders. In addition, assess whether the relationship remains significant after controlled variable bullies that also affect the occurrence of sleep disorders and or affective disorders in elderly. Observational study with unmatched case control study design. Individual population age 60 years or older, sampling probability proportional to size, consist of case group that is experiencing sleep disturbance (n=165) and control group (n=330). Respondent sleep disturbance affective disorder 23.6%. There is a significant relationship of sleep disorders to affective disorders. Sleep disorders at risk 2.47 times affective disorder. Sleep disorders can be insomnia, awakening at night or waking up too early which can lead to psychological disorders such as psychological disorders such as anger, unstable emotions, sadness, distress, anxiety is also a physical disorder such as pain in the body. If not immediately addressed can continue to occur depression and even threaten psychiatric disorders. Further research needs to be done to overcome sleep disorders in the elderly. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 33-38
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Identification of Potential Drug Interaction with Complementary and Alternative Medicines among Chronic Disease Outpatients

10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.11438
Nurul Maziyyah , Apri Nurdianto , Arsitania Kun Fajria
Chronic diseases such as congestive heart failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are related with multiple drug prescription which can lead to drug interaction. The high usage of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in Indonesians can also increase the risk for drug interaction. The objective of this study is to describe CAMs use and identify potential drug interaction with CAMs in CHF and CKD outpatients. The study is a cross sectional study. Data of prescribed drugs and CAMs consumed by the patients was collected by using medication reconciliation process. Data of routine CAMs and prescribed medicines were compared to identify potential drug interactions which were then classified based on their mechanism and significance. The result showed that 6,90 % of CHF patients and 25 % of CKD patients consumed CAMs. Potential drug interaction between the CAMs and the prescribed drugs was identified in 2.74% of patients consuming CAMs. Based on the mechanism, interaction was dominated by pharmacodynamics interaction (69.2%) while interaction significancy was various. It can be concluded that CAMs usage was more familiar in CKD patients compared to CHF patients. Potential drug interaction with CAMs was able to be identified through medication reconciliation process and should be taken into awareness by the healthcare team.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 59-64
Publish at: 2018-03-01

Train Obstacle Detection System Using Avr Microcontroller and SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp650-654
A.A. Aziz , W.R.W. Ahmad
In Malaysia, railway is considered as the backbone of transport, connecting people from all across the country. With the current state of economy, more people prefer to choose train as main transportation especially in big city area such as Kuala Lumpur. With lower cost and relatively the safest form of transports compared to the other transports, like cars, motorcycles or busses, it is a wise choice to use train as daily commute transport. Nowadays, the rail traffic network in Malaysia are getting busier with trains traveling at higher speeds and carrying more passengers with heavier axle loads than before. With the increase of passenger, the risk involved in daily train operation will significantly increase. An improved safety system is required to keep up with the ever growing train loads. The proposed safety system is applied to alert the train operators. The whole system is comprised of an ultrasonic sensor connected to a database and an Atmega328P microcontroller mounted on a custom PCB board. It is found that the train in this country requires a distance of 77 meter in order to completely stop the train with regards to a few assumptions on the average mass and the speed of the train.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 650-654
Publish at: 2018-03-01
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