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28,451 Article Results

Implementation of Monitoring System for Air Quality using Raspberry PI: Experimental Study

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp43-49
Abdulrahman Abdullah Alkandari , Samer Moein
Because of rising dependency on fossil fuels, and rising amounts of toxic gases in the environment, it found that people are in need of a way to ensure the safety specifically those that live in cities. An approach is suggested in this paper, that is economical yet affords good detection, and can give accurate readings that can be analyzed and manipulated, and can even provide warnings through sending emails. These requirements are found in the Raspberry Pi when it hooked up to the sensors. This paper was focused on few dangerous gases such as Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and other gases. The results in this paper showed that some gases, specifically CO, may be a problem in Kuwait as it is always slightly below the warning level. The success with the Raspberry Pi and the results were encouraging to open the way for much improvement in the future.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 43-49
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Random, PSO & MDBPSO based Sensor Deployment in WSN

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp286-294
Aparna Pradeep Laturkar , Sridharan Bhavani , DeepaliParag Adhyapak
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is emergingtechnology and has wide range of applications, such as environment monitoring, industrial automation and numerous military applications. Hence, WSN is popular among researchers. WSN has several constraints such as restricted sensing range, communication range and limited battery capacity. These limitations bring issues such as coverage, connectivity, network lifetime and scheduling and data aggregation. There are mainly three strategies for solving coverage problems namely; force, grid and computational geometry based. This paper discusses sensor deployment using Random; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and grid based MDBPSO (Modified Discrete Binary Particle Swarm Optimization) methods. This paper analyzes the performance of Random, PSO based and MDBPSO based sensor deployment methods by varying different grid sizes and the region of interest (ROI). PSO and MDBPSO based sensor deployment methods are analyzed based on number of iterations. From the simulation results; it can be concluded that MDBPSO performs better than other two methods.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 286-294
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Electrostatic Field Calculations for Liquid Nitrogen Gaps Assuming a Decisive Field Factor

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp65-72
Stefan Fink
Volume effect on breakdown voltage is well known in high voltage engineering. The breakdown voltage behavior of liquid nitrogen depending on a high field volume had been quantitatively described for gap lengths up to 20 mm. Breakdown curves for longer gap lengths up to 96 mm derived from measurements with a facility “Fatelini 2” show oscillations and partly low withstand voltages. Electrostatic field calculation for such long gaps shows remarkable high field volume differences between a model for ideal sphere and models including fixation rods. Calculation for the used setup does not show monotonically increasing high field volume depending on gap length but a maximum around 60 mm which can explain the special breakdown behavior in a “mid range” gap length. Further high field calculations were done for not yet used setups in order to make considerations, e.g. for the influence of cryostat material or diameter.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 65-72
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Analysis of Various Carriers Overlapping PWM Strategies for a Single Phase Ternary Multilevel Inverter

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp27-39
C. R. Balamurugan , R. Bensraj
Multilevel inverters are used in power conversion system due to improved voltage and current waveforms. This paper presents the comparison of various Carrier Overlapping Pulse Width Modulation (COPWM) Strategies for the three phase Cascaded Multi Level Inverter (CMLI). Various new schemes adopting the constant switching frequency and also variable switching frequency multicarrier control freedom degree combination concepts are developed and simulated for the chosen three phase CMLI. A single phase CMLI is controlled in this paper with Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) reference along with Carrier Overlapping (CO) techniques and simulation is performed using MATLAB-SIMULINK. The variation of fundamental RMS output voltage and total harmonic distortion is observed for various carrier overlapping techniques. Among the various equal amplitude and unequal amplitude carriers carrier overlapping techniques such as COPWM-A, COPWM-B and COPWM-C, It is observed from Table 4 that all PWM method provides output with relative low distortion for equal amplitude carriers. If equal voltage sources are chosen then the THD will be less in the case of unequal amplitude carriers. But for the unequal voltage sources the THD is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers.  It is observed from simulation results that (Table-5) almost in all the strategies unequal amplitude carriers gives more fundamental RMS values compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is seen from table 6 that peak voltage is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is observed from the table 7 that dc components are less in both equal and unequal amplitude carriers.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 27-39
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Hybrid System Power Generation'wind-photovoltaic' Connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp10-17
Mida Dris , Benattous Djilani
Renewable energy have the potential to generate electricity cleanly without pollution and a lesser dependence of resources for this production of electric power by these systems sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass instead anti-environmental conventional systems such as gas, coal and oil is a remarkable idea but not frequent in Algeria. Our research focuses on the study of a hybrid energy system (Photovoltaic-Wind), connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV and this by tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) for two energy sources. For this, methods based on optimization algorithms were used side PV array and Wind turbine. With regard to the wind turbine, optimization was based on an analytical approach method. The Matlab/Simulink  is used for simulated power output from Hybrid System, power delivered to or from grid and phase voltage of the inverter leg
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 10-17
Publish at: 2018-04-01

A Fault Detection Technique for Series-compensated Lines by TCSC during Power Swing

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp40-51
Saeed Rezaei , Mojtaba Khederzadeh , Majid Gandomkar
The performance of a distance relay is very susceptible to power swing. In order to avoid generating unwanted trip in such condition, a power swing block function (PSB) is used in distance relays. However, if a fault occurs in power swing condition, the relay should distinguish the fault from power swing and generate trip rapidly. Detection a fault in a series-compensated line by Series Capacitor (SC) during the power swing is more complicated than in an uncompensated line due to complex transients generated by series capacitor and the Metal–Oxide Varistor (MOV) operation. In a series-compensated line by TCSC, it is further complicated due to nonlinear variation of compensation level during power swing and fault, moreover, non-unique application mode of TCSC for different faults which is dependent on fault current. This paper examines a method based on negative sequence current to detecting all types of fault during power swing in a series-compensated line by TCSC. The method is tested for different TCSC-compensated power systems include SMIB and 9-bus 3-machine systems. Different types of faults, i.e., symmetrical, asymmetrical and high resistance faults occurring during a power swing are simulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK to examine the algorithm.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 40-51
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Localized Transient Stability (LTS) Method for Real-time Localized Control

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp73-86
Abdul Malek Miah
Very recently, a new methodology was introduced solely for the purpose of real-time localized control of transient stability. The proposed new method is based on the localized transient stability of a power system. This is completely a new idea in transient stability. In this method, the post-fault power system is represented by a two-generator localized power system at the site of each individual generator. If each of these localized power systems reaches its respective stable equilibrium, then the full power system also reaches its stable equilibrium. Therefore, in terms of real-time localized control of transient stability, if each of the localized power systems is driven to its respective stable equilibrium by local control actions with local computations using the locally measured data, then the full power system is driven to its stable equilibrium. Thus the method can be easily implemented for real-time localized control of transient stability. In this paper, the details of the mathematical formulations are presented. Some interesting test results on the well-known New England 39-bus 10-generator system are also presented in this paper to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for use in real-time localized control of transient stability. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 73-86
Publish at: 2018-04-01

A Novel on Stability and Fault Ride through Analysis of Type-4 Wind Generation System Integrated to VSC-HVDC Link

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp52-58
Ch. S. V. S. Phani Kumar , T. Vinay Kumar
Now-a-days pollution is increasing due to “Non Renewable Energy Sources”. In order to enhance the efficiency of conventional grid and to generate the electrical power in eco-friendly way, the renewable energy sources are employed. In this paper a type 4 wind generation system is implemented to analyse the system under fault conditions and to analyse the grid stability. In the proposed system type-4 wind generation system integrated to grid through VSC-HVDC link analysis is done by considering a fault on the grid side by the system gets isolated and wind generation system transfers voltage to local load and remote load. When a DC fault is occurred on the VSC-HVDC link then the grid side breaker and wind side breaker gets open, then system gets isolated. This is implemented by considering “Low Voltage Ride Through” (LVRT) conditions, According to the Indian grid code of contact wind generation maintain constant even the voltage collapse is occurred on the grid side. The proposed VSC-HVDC based Type-4 Wind Generation System give more reliable to operate in LVRT condition and can meet the Load demand when the system is under fault condition to some extent; The proposed method is Type –4 Wind generator is of 4.4MW/2.2kV each with a total plant capacity of 110MW operated with VSC based HVDC transmission system with 110kV DC bus voltage connected to 220kV grid. The results obtained shows the Grid is operates under fault ride through conditions stability.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 52-58
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Multi-Level of Feature Extraction and Classification for X-Ray Medical Image

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp154-167
Mohammed Muayad Abdulrazzaq , Imad FT Yaseen , SA Noah , Moayad A. Fadhil
There has been a rise in demand for digitized medical images over the last two decades. Medical images' pivotal role in surgical planning is also an essential source of information for diseases and as medical reference as well as for the purpose of research and training. Therefore, effective techniques for medical image retrieval and classification are required to provide accurate search through substantial amount of images in a timely manner. Given the amount of images that are required to deal with, it is a non-viable practice to manually annotate these medical images. Additionally, retrieving and indexing them with image visual feature cannot capture high level of semantic concepts, which are necessary for accurate retrieval and effective classification of medical images. Therefore, an automatic mechanism is required to address these limitations. Addressing this, this study formulated an effective classification for X-ray medical images using different feature extractions and classification techniques. Specifically, this study proposed pertinent feature extraction algorithm for X-ray medical images and determined machine learning methods for automatic X-ray medical image classification. This study also evaluated different image features (chiefly global, local, and combined) and classifiers. Consequently, the obtained results from this study improved results obtained from previous related studies.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 154-167
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Netload-constrained Unit Commitment Considering Increasing Renewable Energy Penetration Levels: Impact of Generation Schedules and Operational Cost

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp87-98
Saleh Y. Abujarad , M. W. Mustafa , J. J. Jamian , Abdirahman M. Abdilahi , N. Zareen
In the context of low carbon power systems, the penetration levels of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are expected to increase dramatically. In this regard, this paper investigates the maximum RES penetration level constrained by net load while considering an inflexible Unit Commitment (UC) model. To solve the UC problem, an enhanced priority list (EPL) based method is developed. In the proposed method, the plants were activated sequentially based on the operational price. The system constraint violations were repeatedly corrected until all system constraints (such as net load and spinning reserves) were satisfied. The proposed EPL method was efficient to achieve a near optimal solution under high shares of RES. Furthermore, the research work investigates three different scenarios representing penetration levels of 10% solar-only, 14.5% wind-only and 27.5% mixture of both solar and wind. The impact of each penetration level on the system scheduling and operational cost were analyzed in detail. The analysis presented shows that a potential operational cost savings of 21.6 $/MW, 20 $/MW and 11.1 $/MW is feasible under each of the represented scenarios, respectively.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 87-98
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Ecological and Economical Friendly Analysis of A Hybrid Solar-Grid-Diesel Connected Power Generation System

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp1-9
Rafat Qonain , Malik Rafi , Imran Khan , Shivley Sageer
This paper presents Importance of hybrid power system. This paper depicts model and simulation of a renewable energy based hybrid power system for improving power quality because optimal utilization of primary energy sources will increase the level of supply reliability. The combination of Grid, Photo Voltaic (PV) Array System, and Diesel generator systems are used for power generation. Due to variation in output power of solar panel, Diesel engine is also coupled to ensure reliable supply under all conditions. The results shows that the proposed hybrid power system can effectively manage the optimal utilization of primary energy sources and improves the power quality in an islanding as well as grid connected mode.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 1-9
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Vector Control of VSC HVDC System under Single Line to Ground Fault Condition

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp59-64
Prabodha Kumar Rath , Kanhu Charan Bhuyan
This paper proposes a model of a VSC (voltage source converter) based Back to Back HVDC system and its control technique under fault condition. From the mathematical model of the system relationship between the controlling and the controlled variables is determined to control the system parameters. An appropriate vector control technique is used to control active and reactive power and to maintain DC link voltage. The proposed controlling unit consists of outer control loop and inner control loop which effectively damped out the system oscillation and maintains the system stability. The validity of the model and the feasibility of the control method have been proved by the simulation results. In this paper the system performance is studied under fault condition is studied.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 59-64
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Three Area Power System Load Frequency Control Using Fuzzy Logic Controller

10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp18-26
C. R. Balamurugan
System frequency is one of the most important parameters of a power system. Du to generation-load mismatches, the system frequency can vary over a small range. When the power consumed by loads and overall losses is greater than the generated power, the operating frequency of the system will decrease, resulting in a situation known as the under frequency condition. In some other case, if some of the loads in a system are disconnected from the system suddenly, or lost, it leads to a condition called as the over frequency condition. This condition is char acterized by greater input power than the consumed power by the loads. The rest of the loads in the system will absorb the extra power and the generator inertia, leading to an increase in the system frequency. In both the cases, the system frequency fluctuates from the power system’s limited frequency range, further leading to tripping off of the substation and further collapsing of the entire system. The paper describes a new method employing a smart meter to monitor and control the power system frequency which changes according to the loading conditions in the system, whether under load condition or overload condition. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 18-26
Publish at: 2018-04-01

The Effects of Segmentation Techniques in Digital Image Based Identification of Ethiopian Coffee Variety

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.8419
Abrham Debasu; Bahir Dar University Mengistu
This paper presents the effects of segmentation techniques in the identification of Ethiopian coffee variety. In Ethiopia, coffee varieties are classified based on their growing region. The most widely coffee growing regions in Ethiopia are Bale, Harar, Jimma, Limu, Sidamo and Welega. Coffee beans of these regions very in color shape and texture. We investigated various segmentation techniques for efficient coffee beans variety identification system. Images of six different coffee beans varieties in Oromia and Southern Ethiopia were acquired and analyzed. For this study Otsu, Fuzzy-C-Means (FCM) and Kmeans segmentation techniques are considered. For classification of the varieties of Ethiopian coffee beans back propagation neural network (BPNN) is used. From the experiment 94.54% accuracy is achieved when BPNN is used on FCM segmentation technique.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 713-717
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Research on 4-dimensional Systems without Equilibria with Application

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.8507
Ruibin; University of Science and Technology Beijing Hao , Lequan; University of Science and Technology Beijing Min , Hongyan; University of Science and Technology Beijing Zang
Recently chaos-based encryption has been obtained more and more attention. Chaotic systems without equilibria may be suitable to be used to design pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) because there does not exist corresponding chaos criterion theorem on such systems. This paper proposes two propositions on 4-dimensional systems without equilibria. Using one of the propositions introduces a chaotic system without equilibria. Using this system and the generalized chaos synchronization (GCS) theorem constructs an 8-dimensional discrete generalized chaos synchronization (8DBDGCS) system. Using the 8DBDGCS system designs a 216-word chaotic PRNG. Simulation results show that there are no significant correlations between the key stream and the perturbed key streams generated via the 216-word chaotic PRNG. The key space of the chaotic PRNG is larger than 21275. As an application, the chaotic PRNG is used with an avalanche-encryption scheme to encrypt an RGB image. The results demonstrate that the chaotic PRNG is able to generate the avalanche effects which are similar to those generated via ideal chaotic PRNGs.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 811-826
Publish at: 2018-04-01
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