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31,377 Article Results

Parallelising reception and transmission in queues of secondary users

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp3221-3227
Lak Sad
In a cognitive radio network, the secondary users place the packets to be transmitted on a queue to control the order of arrival and to adapt to the network state. Previous conceptionsassigned to each secondary user a single queue that contains both received and forwarded packets. Our present article divides the main queue into two sub queues: one to receive the arrived packets and the other to transmit the available packets. This approach reduces the transmission delay due on the one hand; to the shifting of data placed on the single queue, and on the other hand; to the sequential processing of reception and transmission, in theprevious designs. All without increasing the memory capacity of the queue, in the new approach.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 3221-3227
Publish at: 2019-08-01

The analysis of facial feature deformation using optical flow algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp769-777
Dayang Nur Zulhijah Awang Jesemi , Hamimah Ujir , Irwandi Hipiny , Sarah Flora Samson Juan
Facial features deformed according to the intended facial expression. Specific facial features are associated with specific facial expression, i.e. happy means the deformation of mouth. This paper presents the study of facial feature deformation for each facial expression by using an optical flow algorithm and segmented into three different regions of interest. The deformation of facial features shows the relation between facial the and facial expression. Based on the experiments, the deformations of eye and mouth are significant in all expressions except happy. For happy expression, cheeks and mouths are the significant regions. This work also suggests that different facial features' intensity varies in the way that they contribute to the recognition of the different facial expression intensity. The maximum magnitude across all expressions is shown by the mouth for surprise expression which is 9x10-4. While the minimum magnitude is shown by the mouth for angry expression which is 0.4x10-4.
Volume: 15
Issue: 2
Page: 769-777
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Novel framework of retaining maximum data quality and energy efficiency in reconfigurable wireless sensor network

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2893-2901
B. Prathiba , K. Jaya Sankar , V. Sumalatha
There are various unseen and unpredictable networking states in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that adversely affect the aggregated data quality. After reviewing the existing approaches of data quality in WSN, it was found that the solutions are quite symptomatic and they are applicable only in a static environment; however their successful applicability on dynamic and upcoming reconfigurable network is still a big question. Moreover, data quality directly affects energy conservation among the nodes. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a simple and novel framework that jointly addresses the data quality and energy efficiency using probability-based design approach. Using a simplified analytical methodology, the proposed system offers solution in the form of selection transmission of an aggergated data on the basis of message priority in order to offer higher data utilization factor. The study outcome shows proposed system offers a good balance between data quality and energy efficiency in contrast to existing system.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2893-2901
Publish at: 2019-08-01

MG-leach: an enhanced leach protocol for wireless sensor network

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp3139-3145
Hicham Ouldzira , Hajar Lagraini , Ahmed Mouhsen , Mostafa Chhiba , Abdelmoumen Tabyaoui
A wireless sensor network is made up of a large number of small sensor nodes with limited energy resources, which is a real problem for this network. In this article, we will study the ingestion of node energy in these networks at the routing level. In addition, we are modifying one of the most popular routing algorithms for data communication in the WSN: LEACH (Adaptive Hierarchy with Low Power Consumption). The modified version of the LEACH base version "MG_LEACH" uses an intermediate cluster header to transmit data, extend the network lifetime and send more data than the original protocol. Our proposed algorithm is simulated using MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of improving the lifetime of this network. The results of the simulation confirmed that the system was working better than the LEACH basic system and that the network life had been improved.  
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 3139-3145
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Impact of Crack Length into Pipe Conveying Fluid Utilizing Fast Fourier transform Computer Algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2541-2547
Radhwan Hussein Abdulzhraa AL-Sagheer , K. I. Mohammed , Alaa Abdul Hussein Mezher , Karrar Abdullah Mohammed Habeeban
One of the most prominent problems experienced by the oil facilities is leakage of oil from the pipes. This problem caused 55% of oil refineries to be shut off. Oil leakage is a common problem that often results in oil waste, damage, and hazard to public health. Therefore, it is necessary to use Modern technologies to reduce this phenomenon and avoid them in advance. Pipes that convey fluids have many uses in various industries and living facilities. Risk increases when the fluid inside the pipe is flammable. In this work, main case that cause damage to the pipe, longitudinal crack is investigate.This work presents a new experimental model based on computer applications with a Fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm for testing the effect of longitudinal crack length by frequency and ultrasonic measurements to measure fluid velocity. The method is used for plastic pipe with 2 cm internal diameter, 3 cm external diameter, and 1 m length. The modulus of elasticity of the material is 800 N/mm2 according to the ISO 178 test method. The pipe conveys oil with simply supported ends. The results show that FFT model shows better features compared with other ways that depends on visual inspection or localized measurements which gave an external perception of pipeline damage. FFT model offers a reliable and cheap style for ensuring pipeline integrity and warning the risks before its occurrence. From the observations made the fundamental natural frequency (FNF) decreases by increasing of crack length in the pipe that conveys fluid
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2541-2547
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Integrated Modelling Approach for Enhancing Brain MRI with Flexible Pre-Processing Capability

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2416-2424
Harish S , G.F Ali Ahammed
The assurance of an information quality of the input medical image is a critical step to offer highly precise and reliable diagnosis of clinical condition in human. The importance of such assurance becomes more while dealing with important organ like brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most trusted mediums to investigate brain. Looking into the existing trends of investigating brain MRI, it was observed that researchers are more prone to investigate advanced problems e.g. segmentation, localization, classification, etc considering image dataset. There is less work carried out towards image preprocessing that potential affects the later stage of diagnosing. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel model of integrated image enhancement algorithm that is capable of solving different and discrete problems of performing image pre-processing for offering highly improved and enhanced brain MRI. The comparative outcomes exhibit the advantage of its simplistic implemetation strategy.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2416-2424
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Characterization of concurrent ku band tropospheric scintillation and rain attenuation in Malaysia

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp956-961
Ibtihal Fawzi Elshami , Jafri Din , Lam Hong Yin , Ali I Elgayar
Tropospheric scintillation in satellite communication systems operating at frequencies over 10 GHz is a significant impairment, especially in tropical regions, as attenuation affects scintillation dramatically. This work concentrates on tropospheric scintillation in equatorial Johor Bahru, Malaysia, based on a one-year Ku-band propagation measurement study utilising a direct broadcast receiver and an automatic weather station. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between wet scintillation and rain attenuation using experimental measurements. The power spectral analysis has been carried out to determine required cut-off frequency of filtering to separate out rain attenuation and scintillation effects. The results can provide significant information on the fluctuations of wet scintillation at Ku-band earth space link in tropical regions.
Volume: 15
Issue: 2
Page: 956-961
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Modeling of micro-grid with the consideration of total harmonic distortion analysis

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp581-592
Ibrahim Alhamrouni , Wira Wahab , M. Salem , Nadia H. A. Rahman , Lili Awalin
With the rapid expansion of electricity grid, there yet still places to be covered considering their remote location. Micro-grid (MG) is a solution in this scenario, in fact, there is actually many cases where MG is used in case of emergency and act as a backup to the main electrical grid. By disconnecting itself from the larger grid, a grid that can have many problems, the micro-grid becomes much more flexible in its operations and by continuing to power households and communities alike. Besides grid-connected mode, it is necessary for the MG to operate in autonomous mode. By operating in islanded mode, micro-grids must be able to supply critical load without interruption, run at specific values for voltage and power and extract the maximum power from the distributed generations (DG). Therefore, the modeling of microgrid network considering solar photovoltaic(PV) and wind turbine generation (WTG) system as the distributed generation have been modeled using Matlab/Simulink in this research. Apart from that, the observation of total harmonic distortion(THD) between two operation modes of grid-connected and the islanded-mode is presented in order to analyze the power quality stability towards two operations MG network with same loads size and network parameters.
Volume: 15
Issue: 2
Page: 581-592
Publish at: 2019-08-01

A VNF modeling approach for verification purposes

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2627-2636
Guido Marchetto , Riccardo Sisto , Matteo Virgilio , Jaloliddin Yusupov
Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures are emerging to increase networks flexibility. However, this renewed scenario poses new challenges, because virtualized networks, need to be carefully verified before being actually deployed in production environments in order to preserve network coherency (e.g., absence of forwarding loops, preservation of security on network traffic, etc.). Nowadays, model checking tools, SAT solvers, and Theorem Provers are available for formal verification of such properties in virtualized networks. Unfortunately, most of those verification tools accept input descriptions written in specification languages that are difficult to use for people not experienced in formal methods. Also, in order to enable the use of formal verification tools in real scenarios, vendors of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) should provide abstract mathematical models of their functions, coded in the specific input languages of the verification tools. This process is error-prone, time-consuming, and often outside the VNF developers’ expertise. This paper presents a framework that we designed for automatically extracting verification models starting from a Java-based representation of a given VNF. It comprises a Java library of classes to define VNFs in a more developer-friendly way, and a tool to translate VNF definitions into formal verification models of different verification tools.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2627-2636
Publish at: 2019-08-01

A secure deduplication scheme for encrypted data

10.11591/ijict.v8i2.pp77-86
Vishal Passricha , Ashish Chopra , Pooja Sharma , Shubhanshi Singhal
Cloud storage (CS) is gaining much popularity nowadays because it offers low-cost and convenient network storage services. In this big data era, the explosive growth in digital data moves the users towards CS to store their massive data. This explosive growth of data causes a lot of storage pressure on CS systems because a large volume of this data is redundant. Data deduplication is a most-effective data reduction technique that identifies and eliminates the redundant data. Dynamic nature of data makes security and ownership of data as a very important issue. Proof-of-ownership schemes are a robust way to check the ownership claimed by any owner. However to protect the privacy of data, many users encrypt it before storing in CS. This method affects the deduplication process because encryption methods have varying characteristics. Convergent encryption (CE) scheme is widely used for secure data deduplication, but it destroys the message equality. Although, DupLESS provides strong privacy by enhancing CE, but it is also found insufficient. The problem with the CE-based scheme is that the user can decrypt the cloud data while he has lost his ownership. This paper addresses the problem of ownership revocation by proposing a secure deduplication scheme for encrypted data. The proposed scheme enhances the security against unauthorized encryption and poison attack on the predicted set of data.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 77-86
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Power System Reliability Assessment in a Complex Restructured Power System

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2296-2302
N.Mahiban Lindsay , A.K. Parvathy
The basic purpose of an electric power system is to supply its consumers with electric energy as parsimoniously as possible and with a sensible degree of continuity and quality. It is expected that the solicitation of power system reliability assessment in bulk power systems will continue to increase in the future especially in the newly deregulated power diligence. This paper presents the research conducted on the three areas of incorporating multi-state generating unit models, evaluating system performance indices and identifying transmission paucities in complex system adequacy assessment. The incentives for electricity market participants to endow in new generation and transmission facilities are highly influenced by the market risk in a complex restructured environment. This paper also presents a procedure to identify transmission deficiencies and remedial modification in the composite generation and transmission system and  focused on the application of probabilistic techniques in composite system adequacy assessment
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2296-2302
Publish at: 2019-08-01

MHMIC Six-port Interferometer for W-band Transceivers: Design and Characterization

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2703-2714
Emilia Moldovan , Nazih Khaddaj Mallat , Serioja Ovidiu Tatu
The study has presented an extensive analysis of an integrated millimeter wave six-port interferometer, operating over a 10 GHz band, from 80 to 90 GHz. It has covered both semi-unlicensed point-to-point links (81-86 GHz), and imaging sensor system frequencies (above 85 GHz). An in-house process is used to fabricate miniaturized hybrid millimeter wave integrated circuits on a very thin ceramic substrate. Two-port S-parameter measurements are performed on a minimum number of circuits integrated on the same die, exploiting the circuit’s physical symmetry and chosen to collect enough data for full-port characterization. Based on these measurements on an integrated prototype, a six-port circuit computer model implemented and advanced system simulations performed for circuit analysis. Interferometer performances evaluated using several methods: analysis of harmonic balance, qi points’, homodyne quadrature demodulation, and error vector modulation (EVM). The analysis showed that this circuit can directly perform, without any calibration, the demodulation of various PSK and QAM signals over the 10 GHz band, with very good results.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2703-2714
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Geometric and process design of ultra-thin junctionless double gate vertical MOSFETs

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2863-2873
K. E. Kaharudin , F. Salehuddin , A. S. M. Zain , Ameer F. Roslan
The junctionless MOSFET architectures appear to be attractive in realizing the Moore’s law prediction. In this paper, a comprehensive 2-D simulation on junctionless vertical double-gate MOSFET (JLDGVM) under geometric and process consideration was introduced in order to obtain excellent electrical characteristics. Geometrical designs such as channel length (Lch) and pillar thickness (Tp) were considered and the impact on the electrical performance was analyzed. The influence of doping concentration and metal gate work function (WF) were further investigated for achieving better performance. The results show that the shorter Lch can boost the drain current (ID) of n-JLDGVM and p-JLDGVM by approximately 68% and 70% respectively. The ID of the n-JLVDGM and p-JLVDGM could possibly boost up to 42% and 78% respectively as the Tp is scaled down from 11nm to 8nm. The channel doping (Nch) is also a critical parameter, affecting the electrical performance of both n-JLDGVM and p-JLDGVM in which 15% and 39% improvements are observed in their respective ID as the concentration level is increased from 1E18 to 9E18 atom/cm3. In addition, the adjustment of threshold voltage can be realized by varying the metal WF.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 2863-2873
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Rapidly IPv6 multimedia management schemes based LTE-A wireless networks

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp3077-3089
Abeer Twakol Khalil , A. I. Abdel-Fatah , Hesham Ali Sakr
Ensuring the best quality of smart multimedia services becomes an essential goal for modern enterprises so there is always a need for effective IP mobility smart management schemes in order to fulfill the following two main functions: (I) interconnecting the moving terminals around the extended indoor smart services. In addition, (II) providing session continuity for instant data transfer in real-time and multimedia applications with negligible latency, efficient bandwidth utilization, and improved reliability. In this context, it found out that the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) over LTE-A network that offers many advanced services for large numbers of users with higher bandwidths, better spectrum efficiency, and lower latency. In GMPLS, there is an elimination of the routing searches and choice of routing protocols on every core LTE-A router also it provides the architecture simplicity and increases the scalability. A comparative assessment of three types of IPv6 mobility management schemes over the LTE-A provided by using various types of multimedia. By using OPNET Simulator 17.5, In accordance with these schemes, it was proven that the IPv6-GMPLS scheme is the best choice for the system's operation, in comparison to the IPv6-MPLS and Mobile IPv6 for all multimedia offerings and on the overall network performance.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 3077-3089
Publish at: 2019-08-01

Performance investigation of WOFDM for 5G wireless networks

10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp3153-3158
M. F. Ghanim
Nowadays, emerging wireless networks scenarios such as the proposed systems for 5G is discussed widely with diverse requirements. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a conservative proposal which is used to build 5G WOFDM system (Wavelet OFDM system). The simulation of the system is initialized with BPSK then with QAM and 64-QAM the system is improved by increasing the number of levels of Discrete Wavelet Transform to five levels and finally compared with original system to prove that the it is convenient for 5G Wireless networks.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 3153-3158
Publish at: 2019-08-01
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