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29,758 Article Results

Impact of MRAI Timer on BGP Updates and Convergence Time

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i2.pp873-882
Rohit Nilkanth Devikar , Dipak V. Patil , V Chandra Prakash
BGP is a vital routing protocol for the communication amongst autonomous systems in the internet and has been broadly applied in all categories of large scale network. The inter-domain routing protocol (BGP) shows slow convergence, which effects on many internet applications due to its high convergence delay. The network operators broadly use different MRAI timers in BGP routers to deal with the issue of growing convergence time of the network. The variation in MRAI timer and its impact on network convergence and update messages has been broadly studied over the years. The increasing size of autonomous systems leads to rise in number of MRAI timers. Hence, the optimum use of MRAI timers can decrease the problem of slow convergence and necessity of huge number of MRAI timers. The proposed system uses the ckle minimum route advertisement interval timer (FMRAI) for fast update of routing table, which leads to reduce the convergence time of a network. In comparison with static MRAI timer of 30s the FMRAI timer leads to better result in terms of convergence time and number of update messages.
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Page: 873-882
Publish at: 2018-11-01

Automated Calibration Of Greenhouse Energy Model Using Hybrid Evolutionary Programming (EP)-Energy Plus

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i2.pp648-654
NY Dahlan , S. Z. Sakimin , M. Faizwan , N. Ajmain , A. A. Aris
This paper presents an optimization approach of calibrating a tomato greenhouse energy model using hybrid Evolutionary Programming (EP)-EnergyPlus. The proposed methodology applies automated simulation-based approach by coupling Matlab and EnergyPlus to perform building energy simulation and obtain the best variables configuration with minimal error between the simulated and measured energy of the greenhouse. The proposed method is tested using a tomato greenhouse system located in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The greenhouse envelope is built using 0.15mm thick Transparency Plastic Film. Meanwhile, the electrical loads in the greenhouse consists of 6 exhaust fans, 2 axial fans, 5 fluorescent lamps and 1 irrigation pump. An Evolutionary Programming (EP) algorithm is chosen and programmed in Matlab to find the best configurations for optimum calibration of the greenhouse energy model. Three variables were chosen to find the best configuration which are the operating hours of Exhaust Fan, Axial Fan and Water Pump. The EP optimization algorithm in Matlab is coupled with building energy simulator, EnergyPlus using BCVTB as the coupling tool. Result shows that the EnergyPlus-EP model can provide NMBE and CV(RMSE) within the range recommended by the IPMVP protocol. The proposed method is not only requiring less computation time but also effective in searching for the best variables configuration with minimal error.
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Page: 648-654
Publish at: 2018-11-01

Design and Implementation of a New Architecture of a Real-Time Reconfigurable Digital Modulator (DM) Into QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK on FPGA

10.11591/ijres.v7.i3.pp173-185
Walder Andre , Olivier Couillard
One of the prerequisites of Electronic Warfare (EW) is to have the means to provide secure point-to-point wireless data and voice communications with other ground stations. New technologies are giving rise to bigger information security threats. This situation illustrates the best the urgency of reducing the development and upgrade time of EW systems. Previous works suggest that digital systems are the best candidates for this purpose and therefore form the backbone of modern Electronic Warfare. Indeed, Digital Modulation (DM) techniques are widely used in modern wireless communication systems. This is largely due to their high resistance to noise and their high transmission capacity that can be achieved through data multiplexing. In this article, a new reconfigurable architecture of a Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation is described. The latter can be configured in real time to produce the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK without having to regenerate the FPGA configuration bits. This action can be done by software via programming or manually using a DIP switch. The proposed design is implemented on the Xilinx xc7k325tfbg900 FPGA using the Genesis 2 development board. The Vivado Physical Design Automation tool indicates a power consumption of 303 mW by the on-chip circuit. The experimental results are in agreement with the simulations.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 173-185
Publish at: 2018-11-01

Design and Implementation of LCG-Trivium Key Stream Generator into FPGA

10.11591/ijres.v7.i3.pp186-194
Tchahou Tchendjeu A. E , Tchitnga Robert , Fotsin Hilaire B
This paper presents the Design and implementation into Field ProgrammableGate Array (FPGA) of a combine stream cipher and a simple linear congruential generator circuit to produce key stream. The LCG circuit is used to produce initialization vector (IV) each 264 clock cycle to the cipher trivium in other to strengthen the complexity of the cipher to known attacks on trivium. The LCGTrivium is designed to generate 2144 bits of keystream from an 80-bits secret and a variable 80-bits initial value. To implement the LCG-Trivium on FPGA, we use VHDL to build a simple LCG and Trivium and a state machine to synchronize the functioning of the LCG and Trivium. The number of gates, memory and speed requirement on FPGA is giving after analysis. The design is simulated, synthesized and implemented in Quartus II 10.1, ModelSim-Altera 6.5 and Cyclone IV E EP4CE115F29C7N.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 186-194
Publish at: 2018-11-01

An Optimal Design of CMOS Two Stage Comparator Circuit using Swarm Intelligence Technique

10.11591/ijres.v7.i3.pp131-137
Sasikumar Sasikumar , Muthaiah Muthaiah
A swarm intelligent based optimization technique named as Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is applied for the design of the CMOS two stage comparator circuit. The basic idea of FPA mimics the flower pollination process of flowering plants. The input control parameters of FPA improve the exploration and exploitation capabilities of optimization problem. This paper presents the design of a CMOS two-stage comparator circuit using simulation based model called swarm intelligence technique. Simulation results shows that the proposed method is capable to determine the transistor sizes and bias current values of the CMOS comparator. The results obtained from the FPA improved the design performance of comparator in terms of power consumption, MOS transistor area and gain. To investigate the efficiency of proposed approach, comparisons have been carried out with differential evolution (DE) and harmony search (HS) algorithm based circuit design. The performances of FPA based comparator design are better than the previously reported works
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 131-137
Publish at: 2018-11-01

Radio Access Technology (RAT) Selection Mechanism using TOPSIS Method in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (HWN)

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i2.pp852-864
Farhat Anwar , Mosharrof Masud , Burhan Ul Islam , Rashidah Funke Olanrewaju
In next-generation wireless networks, a Multi-Mode Device (MMD) can be connected with available Radio Access Technology (RAT) in a Heterogeneous Wireless Network (HWN). The appropriate RAT selection is essential to achieve expected Quality of Service (QoS) in HWN. There are many factors to select an appropriate RAT in HWN including Data rate, Power consumption, Security, Network delay, Service price, etc. Nowadays, the MMDs are capable to handle with multiple types of services like voice, file downloading, video streaming. Considering numerous factors and multiple types of services, it is a great challenge for MMDs to select the appropriate RAT. A Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method to deal with numerous attributes to achieve the expected goal is Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This research utilized TOPSIS method to evaluate its proposed algorithm to choose the proper RAT for single and dual call services. The algorithm applies users' preference of a specific RAT that varies for diverse categories of calls. It also aggregates the assigned call weight and call priority to choose the RAT for group call admission for different scenarios. The highest closeness coefficient has been considered the appropriate networks among other networks. 100 call admission into three networks has been simulated and has been observed.
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Page: 852-864
Publish at: 2018-11-01

Modeling Under MATLAB by ANFIS of Three-Phase Tetrahedral Transformer Using in Microwave Generator for Three Magnetrons Per Phase

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10003
Mouhcine; Ibn Zohr University Lahame , Mohammed; Ibn Zohr University Chraygene , Hamid; Ibn Zohr University Outzguinrimt , Redouane; Ibn Zohr University Batit , Rajae; Ibn Zohr University Oumghar , Mohamed; Mohamed University Ferfra
This work deals with the modeling of a new three-phase tetrahedral transformer of HV power supply, which feeds three magnetrons per phase. The design of this new power supply is composed of three single-phase with magnetic shunt transformers coupling in star; each one is size to feed voltage-doubling cells, thereby feeds a magnetron. In order to validate the functionality of this power supply, we simulate it under Matlab-Simulink environment. Thus, we modeled nonlinear inductance using a new approach of neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS); this method based on the interpolation of the curve B(H) of ferromagnetic material, the results obtained gives forms of both voltages and currents, which shows that they are in accordance with those of experimental tests, respecting the conditions recommended by the magnetron manufacturer
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2406-2414
Publish at: 2018-10-10

Advances on Microwave Ceramic Filters for Wireless Communications (Review Paper)

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2762-2772
Stelios Tsitsos
A review of the technological developments on ceramic monoblock filters and duplexers over the years is presented in this work. Early designs based on simulated and measured data are presented along with later designs based on accurate equivalent circuits as well as the use of evolution algorithms for optimal design. 
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2762-2772
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Initial Optimal Parameters of Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Regression

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3341-3348
Edy Fradinata , Sakesun Suthummanon , Wannarat Suntiamorntut
This paper presents architecture of backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models in supervised learning process for cement demand dataset. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of each parameter of mean square error (MSE) indicators for time series dataset. The study varies different random sample in each demand parameter in the network of ANN and support vector function as well. The variations of percent datasets from activation function, learning rate of sigmoid and purelin, hidden layer, neurons, and training function should be applied for ANN. Furthermore, SVR is varied in kernel function, lost function and insensitivity to obtain the best result from its simulation. The best results of this study for ANN activation function is Sigmoid. The amount of data input is 100% or 96 of data, 150 learning rates, one hidden layer, trinlm training function, 15 neurons and 3 total layers. The best results for SVR are six variables that run in optimal condition, kernel function is linear, loss function is ౬-insensitive, and insensitivity was 1. The better results for both methods are six variables. The contribution of this study is to obtain the optimal parameters for specific variables of ANN and SVR.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3341-3348
Publish at: 2018-10-01

DNA Pool Analysis-based Forgery-Detection of Dairy Products

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3913-3922
Francesco Rossi , Paola Modesto , Cristina Biolatti , Alfredo Benso , Stefano Di Carlo , Gianfranco Politano , Pierluigi Acutis
Food integrity and food safety have received much attention in recent years due to the dramatic increasing number of food frauds. In this article we focus on the problem of dairy products traceability. In particular, we propose an automatic forgery detection system able to detect frauds in milk and cheese. We investigate the use of Short Tandem Repeats analysis data, processed by a Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy algorithm in order to evaluate a traceability score between the products and their producer, and to highlight possible adulterations and inconsistencies. To demonstrate the usability of the proposed heuristic algorithm in a real setup, we also present the results collected from two real Italian farms.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3913-3922
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Comparison of AES and DES Algorithms Implemented on Virtex-6 FPGA and Microblaze Soft Core Processor

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3544-3549
G. Renuka , V. Usha Shree , P. Chandra Sekhar Reddy
Encryption algorithms play a dominant role in preventing unauthorized access to important data. This paper focus on the implementations of Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms on Microblaze soft core Processor and also their implementations on XC6VLX240t FPGA using Verilog Hardware Description language. This paper also gives a comparison of the issues related to the hardware and software implementations of the two cryptographic algorithms.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3544-3549
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Cognitive Architecture to Analyze the Effect of Intrinsic Motivation with Metacognition over Extrinsic Motivation on Swarm Agents

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3984-3990
Ashwini Kodipalli
This research work describes the setup of framework for testing the performance of intrinsically motivated swarm agents over extrinsic motivation. The performance is tested through the simulation. The result demonstrates that agents with intrinsic motivation for specific goal have high metacognitive ability. It also shows group performance of agents with metacognitive ability is better than the group of agents with extrinsic motivation exhibiting cognitive ability. Goal setting theory of motivation is applied to the group of agents in order to analyse the intelligent behaviour of the agents. This research is mainly focusing on why and how group performance by swarm agents is better than individuals. This approach requires design of ambient testbed where swarm agents demonstrate cognitive actions to metacognitive actions. This research is aiming to prove that group performance by swarm agents is higher due to type of agents chosen with intrinsic motivation and thus proves intrinsic motivation is better than extrinsic motivation. Agent behaviour in a group can be analysed using different metrics like resource collection, life expectancy, level of motivation and task assigned.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3984-3990
Publish at: 2018-10-01

HII: Histogram Inverted Index For Fast Images Retrieval

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3140-3148
Yuda Munarko , Agus Eko Minarno
This work aims to improve the speed of search by creating an indexing structure in CBIR system. We utilised an inverted index structure that usually used in text retrieval with a modification. The modified inverted index is built based on histogram data that generated using Multi Texton Histogram (MTH) and Multi Texton Co-Occurrence Descriptor (MTCD) from 10,000 images of Corel dataset. When building the inverted index, we normalised value of each feature into a real number and considered pairs of feature and value that owned by a particular number of images. Based on our investigation, on MTCD histogram of 5,000 data test, we found that by considering histogram variable values which owned by maximum 12% of images, the number of comparison for each query can be reduced by 67.47% in a rate, the precision is 82.2%, and the rate of access to disk is 32.83%. Furthermore, we named our approach as Histogram Inverted Index (HII). 
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3140-3148
Publish at: 2018-10-01

III-Nitride Semiconductors based Optical Power Splitter Device Design for underwater Application

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3866-3874
Retno Wigajatri Purnamaningsih , Nyi Raden Poespawati , Elhadj Dogheche
In this paper, we introduce III-nitrides based 1× 4 optical power splitter for underwater optical communication applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first study for the design of multimode interference (MMI) and four-branch taper waveguide based on GaN/sapphire. The microstructure of GaN semiconductor grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) on (0001) sapphire reported. The numerical experimental is conducted using the 3D FD-BPM method. The results showed that the optical power splitter has an excess loss of 0.013 dB and imbalance of 0.17 dB. The results open the opportunity for the future device using this technology for the underwater application.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3866-3874
Publish at: 2018-10-01

The Embedding Performance of StegSVM Model in Image Steganography

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp233-238
Hanizan Shaker Hussain , Roshidi Din , Mohd Hanif Ali , Nor Balqis
This paper focuses on one of the areas of information hiding which is image steganography. It proposes the StegSVM model as an embedding technique in steganography that has exploited human visual system through Shifted LSB that shows an expected performance. The performance of this technique evaluation is based on imperceptibility and robustness of the technique compared to the other previous models in image steganography doamin. Thus, the result shows that the proposed StegSVM model is promising. For further work, it is suggested that the other image domain through other intelligent methods should be investigated.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 233-238
Publish at: 2018-10-01
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