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31,377 Article Results

Equity-Based free channels assignment for secondary users in a cognitive radio network

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2057-2063
Said Lakhal , Zouhair Guennoun
The present paper addresses the equity issue among the secondary users in a cognitive radio network. After using a multi scheduler algorithm and a fairness metric namely Jain’s Equity Index; we enhance the equity between the secondary users’ transfer rates by 0.64 in average, relative to a previous work.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 2057-2063
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Energy optimization of 6T SRAM cell using low-voltage and high-performance inverter structures

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1606-1619
M. Madhusudhan Reddy , M. Sailaja , K. Babulu
The performance of the cell deteriorates, when static random access memory (SRAM) cell is operated below 1V supply voltage with continuous scale down of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The conventional 6T, 8T-SRAM cells suffer writeability and read static noise margins (SNM) at low-voltages leads to degradation of cell stability. To improve the cell stability and reduce the dynamic power dissipation at low- voltages of the SRAM cell, we proposed four SRAM cells based on inverter structures with less energy consumption using voltage divider bias current sink/source inverter and NOR/NAND gate using a pseudo-nMOS inverter. The design and implementation of SRAM cell using proposed inverter structures are compared with standard 6T, 8T and ST-11T SRAM cells for different supply voltages at 22-nm CMOS technology exhibit better performance of the cell. The read/write static noise margin of the cell significantly increases due to voltage divider bias network built with larger cell-ratio during read path. The load capacitance of the cell is reduced with minimized switching transitions of the devices during high-to-low and low- to-high of the pull-up and pull-down networks from VDD to ground leads to on an average 54% of dynamic power consumption. When compared with the existing ones, the read/write power of the proposed cells is reduced to 30%. The static power gets reduced by 24% due to stacking of transistors takes place in the proposed SRAM cells as compare to existing ones. The layout of the proposed cells is drawn at a 45-nm technology, and occupies an area of 1.5 times greater and 1.8 times greater as compared with 6T-SRAM cell.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1606-1619
Publish at: 2019-06-01

The effect of load modelling on phase balancing in distribution networks using search harmony algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1461-1471
Saeid Eftekhari , Mahmoud Oukati Sadegh
Due to the unequal loads in phases and different customer consumption, the distribution network is unbalanced. Unbalancing in the distribution network, in addition to increasing power losses, causes unbalancing in voltages and increases operating costs. To reduce this unbalancing, various methods and algorithms have been presented. In most studies and even practical projects due to lack of information about the network loads, load models such as constant power model, constant current or constant impedance are used to model the loads. Due to the changing and nonlinear behaviours of today's loads, these models cannot show results in accordance with reality. This paper while introducing an optimal phase-balancing method, discusses the effect of load modelling on phase balancing studies. In this process the re-phasing method for balancing the network and the harmony search algorithm for optimizing the phase displacement process have been used. The simulation was carried out on an unbalanced distribution network of 25 buses. The results show well the effect of this comprehensive modelling on phase balancing studies. It also shows that in the re-phasing method for balancing the network and in the absence of a real load model, the use of which model offers the closest answer to optimal solutions.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1461-1471
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Development of a portable community video surveillance system

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1814-1821
S. Fakhar A. G , A. Fauzan K , M. Saad H , R. Affendi H , K. H. Fen
In 2016, a crime rate has been evidently increasing particularly in Kuala Lumpur areas, including reports on house break-ins, car thefts, motorcycle thefts and robbery. One way of deterring such cases is by installing CCTV monitoring system in premises such as houses or shops, but this usually requires expensive equipment and installation fees. In this paper a cheaper alternative of a portable community video surveillance system running on Raspberry Pi 3 utilizing OpenCV is presented. The system will detect motion based on image subtraction algorithm and immediately inform users when intruders are detected by sending a live video feed to a Telegram group chat, as well as sound the buzzer alarm on the Raspberry Pi. Additionally, any Telegram group members can request images and recorded videos from the system at any time by sending a get request in Telegram which will be handled by Telegram Bot. This system uses the Pi NoIR camera module as the image acquisition device equipped with a 36 LED infrared illuminator for night vision capability. In addition to the Python language, OpenCV, a computer vision simulation from Intel is also used for image processing tasks. The performance analysis of the completed system is also presented computational complexity while offering improved flexibility. The performance time is also presented, where the whole process is run with a noticeable 3 seconds delay in getting the final output.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1814-1821
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Badminton player detection using faster region convolutional neural network

10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1330-1335
Nur Azmina Rahmad , Nur Anis Jasmin Sufri , Nurul Hamizah Muzamil , Muhammad Amir As'ari
Nowadays, coaches and sport analyst are concerning about sport performance analysis through sport video match. However, they still used conventional method which is through manual observation of the full video that is very troublesome because they might miss some meaningful information presence in the video. Several previous studies have discussed about tracking ball movements, identification of player based on jersey color and number as well as player movement detection in various type of sport such as soccer and volleyball but not in badminton. Therefore, this study focused on developing an automated system using Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) to track the position of the badminton player from the sport broadcast video. In preparing the dataset for training and testing, several broadcast videos were converted into image frames before labelling the region which indicate the players. After that, several different trained Faster R-CNN detectors were produced from the dataset before tested with different set of videos to evaluate the detector performance. In evaluating the performance of each detector model, the average precision was obtained from precision recall graph. As a result, this study revealed that the detector successfully detects the player when the detector is being fed with more generalized dataset.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1330-1335
Publish at: 2019-06-01

A cellular base station antenna configuration for variable coverage

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1887-1893
Abdul-Rahman Shakeeb , K. H. Sayidmarie
The field coverage offered by the base station antenna in GSM systems influences the reception and interference performances. The coverage can be varied by scanning the mainbeam direction or varying the shape of the radiation pattern. In cellular system applications, a simple technique is desirable to achieve this goal. A simple technique to vary the coverage of cellular base station is investigated. The technique uses two conventional antennas tilted by a certain angle and fed by the same signal but at variable amplitudes. It is demonstrated that the field across one half of the covered sector can be gradually increased while that at the other half is reduced by varying the excitations of the two antenna elements. This can be deployed in a simple electronic means in response to the changing scenario rather readjusting the direction of the base station antenna.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1887-1893
Publish at: 2019-06-01

A new 5-input majority gate without adjacent inputs crosstalk effect in QCA technology

10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1159-1164
Ali Majeed , Esam Alkaldy , Mohd Shamian Zainal , Danial Md Nor
Transistor-based CMOS technology has many drawbacks such as power consumption and cannot continue in following the scaling of Moore's law and system-on-a-chip in near future. These drawbacks lead the researchers to think about an alternative technology. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new nanoscale technology can implement the logical functionality by controlling the position of the electron. The basic building blocks for QCA circuit are majority gate and inverter. where AND and OR gate can be implemented using Majority gate by setting one of the inputs to "0" and "1" respectively. A lot of papers was introduced to propose a new gates construction such as XOR and 5- input majority gate in last few years. The complexity of the gate leads to the complexity of the whole circuit so whenever the proposed gate has a lower number of cells, that's mean it’s better. In this paper, we introduce a new construction of a novel 5- input majority gate. QCADesigner tool will be used to show the simulation result of the proposed gate. Then we will compare the proposed gate with the most important previous counterpart gates.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1159-1164
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Crops diseases detection and solution system

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2112-2120
Mohammad Jahangir Alam , Md. Abdul Awal , Md. Nurul Mustafa
The technology based modern agriculture industries are today’s requirement in every part of agriculture in Bangladesh. In this technology, the disease of plants is precisely controlled. Due to the variable atmospheric circumstances these conditions sometimes the farmer doesn’t know what type of disease on the plant and which type of medicine provide them to avoid diseases. This research developed for crops diseases detection and to provide solutions by using image processing techniques. We have used Android Studio to develop the system. The crops diseases detection and solution system is compared the image of affected crops with database of CDDASS (Crops Diseases Detection and Solution system). If CDDASS detect any disease symptom, then provide suggestion so that farmers can take proper decision to provide medicine to the affected crops. The application has developed with user friendly features so that farmers can use it easily.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 2112-2120
Publish at: 2019-06-01

On the performance of coded copper wire systems for G-fast communications

10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1272-1280
Ali Jaber Al-Askery , Ali Mhidi Hammadi
This paper aims to investigate the performance of different channel coding techniques over copper wire channels. First, Chen model is used to simulate the copper wire channel model, then the performance of LDPC coded system with DVB-S2 standard is compared to the performance of turbo coded, and convolutional coded systems over wired channels. In addition, the performance of the systems under consideration is further investigated in the presence of impulsive noise (IN) with IN cancellation technique. Matlab simulations are utilized to simulate these systems for different quadrature amplitude modulations (QAM). The results have shown that LDPC coded system with large block length have outperforms the performance of the considered coding techniques.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1272-1280
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Demand-driven Gaussian window optimization for executing preferred population of jobs in cloud clusters

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1637-1644
Vaidehi M , T. R. Gopalakrishnan
Scheduling is one of the essential enabling technique for Cloud computing which facilitates efficient resource utilization among the jobs scheduled for processing. However, it experiences performance overheads due to the inappropriate provisioning of resources to requesting jobs. It is very much essential that the performance of Cloud is accomplished through intelligent scheduling and allocation of resources. In this paper, we propose the application of Gaussian window where jobs of heterogeneous in nature are scheduled in the round-robin fashion on different Cloud clusters. The clusters are heterogeneous in nature having datacenters with varying sever capacity. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm has enhanced the QoS of the computing model. Allocation of Jobs to specific Clusters has improved the system throughput and has reduced the latency.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1637-1644
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Improve performance of the digital sinusoidal generator in FPGA by memory usage optimization

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1742-1749
Aiman Zakwan Jidin , Irna Nadira Mahzan , A. Shamsul Rahimi A. Subki , Wan Haszerila Wan Hassan
This paper presented the improvement in the performance of the digital sinusoidal signal generator, which was implemented in FPGA, by optimizing the usage of the available memory onboard. The sine wave was generated by using a Lookup Table method, where its pre-calculated values were stored in the onboard memory, and its frequency can be adjustable by changing the incremental step value of the memory address. In this proposed research, the memory stores only 25000 samples of the first quarter from a period of a sine wave and thus, the output signal accuracy was increased and the output frequency range was expanded, compared to the previous research. The proposed design was successfully developed and implemented in ALTERA Cyclone III DE0 FPGA Development Board, and its functionality was validated via functional simulation in Modelsim and also hardware experimental results observation in SignalTap II.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1742-1749
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Solving economic dispatch and unit commitment problem in smart grid system using eagle strategy based crow search algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1087-1096
Rachid HABACHI , Achraf Touil , Abdellah Boulal , Abdelkabir Charkaoui , Abdelwahed Echchatbi
The economic dispatch problem of power plays a very important role in the exploitation of electro-energy systems to judiciously distribute power generated by all plants. The Unit commitment problem (UCP) is mainly finding the minimum cost schedule to a set of generators by turning each one either on or off over a given time horizon to meet the demand load and satisfy different operational constraints. This research article integrates the crow search algorithm as a local optimizer of Eagle strategy to solve economic dispatch and unit commitment problem in smart grid system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1087-1096
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Data collection algorithm for wireless sensor networks using collaborative mobile elements

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2131-2140
Alhasanat Abdullah , Alhasanat Khaled , Ahmed Maamoun
The simplest approach to reduce network latency for data gathering in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is to use multiple mobile elements rather than a single mobile sink. However, the most challneging issues faced this approach are firstly the high network cost as a result of using large number of mobile elements. Secondly, it suffers from the difficulty of network partitioning to achieve an efficient load balancing among these mobile elements. In this study, a collaborative data collection algorithm (CDCA) is developed. Simulation results presented in this paper demonstrated that with this algorithm the latency is significantly reduced at small number of mobile elements. Furthermore, the performance of CDCA algorithm is compared with the Area Splitting Algorithm (ASA). Consequently, the CDCA showed superior performance in terms of network latency, load balancing, and the required number of mobile elements.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 2131-2140
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Information system to enhance medical services quality in Indonesia

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2049-2056
Susana Limanto , Andre Andre
The consequence of disproportionate distribution and placement of Doctor in Indonesia is affecting people who live in rural area. Patient have to travel to city to receive medical treatment and must encounter another different problem such as: patients often have to wait a long time in the doctor's office even sometimes do not get the service because of holiday or rejected because the queue is full. Medical record in some cases may lost due in Indonesia mostly medical record recorded manually (paper based). Therefore doctor treatment is not optimal because doctor can no longer inspect patient illness history and any treatment that have been conducted before. This research proposes a new concept to help people who live in rural area to get better medical treatment. People could register and monitor doctor service queue via smart phone. System expanded with medical record management facilities to improve service quality of patient. Research object was doctor service in Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research indicates system could increase time efficiency, energy, and cost efficiency for patient and also the doctor. Additionally current system will be optimal if supported with stable internet network.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 2049-2056
Publish at: 2019-06-01

Driving cycle development for Kuala Terengganu city using k-means method

10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1780-1787
I. N. Anida , A. R. Salisa
Driving cycle plays a vital role in the production and evaluating the performance of the vehicle. Driving cycle is a representative speed-time profile of driving behavior of specific region or city. Many countries has developed their own driving cycle such as United State of America, United Kingdom, India, China, Ireland, Slovenia, Singapore, and many more. The objectives of this paper are to characterize and develop driving cycle of Kuala Terengganu city at 8.00 a.m. along five different routes using k-means method, to analyze fuel rate and emissions using the driving cycle developed and to compare the fuel rate and emissions with conventional engine vehicles, parallel plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, series plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and single split-mode plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. The methodology involves three major steps which are route selection, data collection using on-road measurement method and driving cycle development using k-means method. Matrix Laboratory software (MATLAB) has been used as the computer program platform in order to produce the best driving cycle and Vehicle System Simulation Tool Development (AUTONOMIE) software has been used to analyze fuel rate and gas emission. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that, Route C and single spilt-mode PHEV powertrain used and emit least amount of fuel and emissions.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1780-1787
Publish at: 2019-06-01
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