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29,734 Article Results

A Neural Network Approach to Identify Hyperspectral Image Content

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2115-2125
Puttaswamy Malali Rajegowda , Balamurugan P.
A Hyperspectral is the imaging technique that contains very large dimension data with the hundreds of channels. Meanwhile, the Hyperspectral Images (HISs) delivers the complete knowledge of imaging; therefore applying a classification algorithm is very important tool for practical uses. The HSIs are always having a large number of correlated and redundant feature, which causes the decrement in the classification accuracy; moreover, the features redundancy come up with some extra burden of computation that without adding any beneficial information to the classification accuracy. In this study, an unsupervised based Band Selection Algorithm (BSA) is considered with the Linear Projection (LP) that depends upon the metric-band similarities. Afterwards Monogenetic Binary Feature (MBF) has consider to perform the ‘texture analysis’ of the HSI, where three operational component represents the monogenetic signal such as; phase, amplitude and orientation. In post processing classification stage, feature-mapping function can provide important information, which help to adopt the Kernel based Neural Network (KNN) to optimize the generalization ability. However, an alternative method of multiclass application can be adopt through KNN, if we consider the multi-output nodes instead of taking single-output node.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2115-2125
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Microcontroller-based Vertical Farming Automation System

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2046-2053
Shomefun Tobi Emmanuel , Awosope Claudius O. A. , Ebenezer O. Diagi
Food is a basic necessity of life. It is the means by which man is nourished and strengthened to carry out his daily activities. The need for food for the upkeep of man has placed agriculture at the helm of man’s affairs on earth. With a rapidly increasing population on earth, man has invented newer and innovative ways to cultivate crops. This cultivation is mainly concentrated in rural areas of countries around the world; but with the massive urbanization happening in the world today; it is becoming increasingly difficult to have enough agricultural produce that will cater for the massive population. Taking Nigeria as a case study, the increased urbanization has placed a massive demand on land, energy and water resources within urban areas of the country. Majority of the food consumed in the urban areas is cultivated in the rural areas. This system however requires longer transportation times from rural areas to urban areas which lead to contamination and spoilage in many instances. This research paper provides a solution in which food crops can be cultivated easily in urban areas by planting in vertically stacked layers in order to save space and use minimal energy and water for irrigation.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2046-2053
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Controlling a DC Motor through Lypaunov-like Functions and SAB Technique

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2180-2198
Alejandro Rincón , Fabiola Angulo , Fredy Hoyos
In this paper, state adaptive backstepping and Lyapunov-like function methods are used to design a robust adaptive controller for a DC motor. The output to be controlled is the motor speed. It is assumed that the load torque and inertia moment exhibit unknown but bounded time-varying behavior, and that the measurement of the motor speed and motor current are corrupted by noise. The controller is implemented in a Rapid Control Prototyping system based on Digital Signal Processing for dSPACE platform and experimental results agree with theory.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2180-2198
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Impact of Packet Inter-arrival Time Features for Online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Classification

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2521-2530
Bushra Mohammed Ali Abdalla , Mosab Hamdan , Mohammed Sultan Mohammed , Joseph Stephen Bassi , Ismahani Ismail , Muhammad Nadzir Marsono
Identification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to throttle high-bandwidth application traffic. Flow features based classification have been previously proposed as promising method to identify Internet traffic based on packet statistical features. The selection of statistical features plays an important role for accurate and timely classification. In this work, we investigate the impact of packet inter-arrival time feature for online P2P classification in terms of accuracy, Kappa statistic and time. Simulations were conducted using available traces from University of Brescia, University of Aalborg and University of Cambridge. Experimental results show that the inclusion of inter-arrival time (IAT) as an online feature increases simulation time and decreases classification accuracy and Kappa statistic.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2521-2530
Publish at: 2018-08-01

A Comparative Review on Data Hiding Schemes

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp768-774
Roshidi Din , Raihan Sabirah Sabri , Aida Mustapha , Sunariya Utama
Data hiding is a technique used to protect confidential information. The aim of a particular data hiding scheme is to make a more secure and robust method of information exchange so that confidential and private data can be protected against attacks and illegal access. The aim of this paper is to review on different data hiding schemes, covering the decoding, decrypting and extracting schemes. This paper also highlighted three major schemes that are widely used in research and real practice. The discussion include findings on the most recent work on decryption schemes.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 768-774
Publish at: 2018-08-01

A Compact Inverted Y Slot Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Bluetooth Applications

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp413-418
Ramesh Kumar Verma , D K Srivastava
In this paper a compact and slotted rectangular microstrip antenna is designed at 3.00GHz frequency and it is loaded by inverted Y slot so that the bandwidth of microstrip antenna is improved upto 36.30%. The area of radiating patch for 3.00GHz frequency is 711.36mm2.The proposed antenna design has frequency band in the frequency range 2.097GHz to 3.030GHz. The proposed antenna is resonating at 2.45GHz and area of radiating patch at this frequency is 1077.97mm2. Hence the size of antenna is reduced by 34% corresponding to resonance frequency 2.45GHz. This frequency band is suitable for Bluetooth and other wireless communication applications. The proposed slotted microstrip antenna is directly feed by 50Ω microstrip line feed. The proposed antenna is simulated by IE3D simulation software based on method of moments.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 413-418
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Fuzzy Gain Scheduling PID Control for Position of the AR.Drone

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp1939-1946
Agung Prayitno , Veronica Indrawati , Ivan Immanuel Trusulaw
This paper describes the design and implementation of fuzzy gain scheduling PID control for position of the AR.Drone. This control scheme uses 3 PID controllers as the main controller of the AR.Drone, in this case to control pitch, roll and throttle. The process of tuning parameters for each PID is done automatically by scheduling determined by Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy logic model. This paper uses five function sets of PID parameters that will be evaluated by fuzzy logic in order to tune PID controllers. Error position (x,y,z), as inputs of controller, enters the PID Signal block yielding the ouputs in term of error, integral error and differential error. These signal become the inputs of the fuzzy scheduler to yield outputs pitch, roll and throttle to the AR.drone. The control scheme is implemented on the AR.Drone to make it fly to forming a square in the room. The experimental results show that the control scheme can follow the desired points, and process scheduling PID parameters can be shown.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 1939-1946
Publish at: 2018-08-01

K-Means Clustering and Genetic Algorithm to Solve Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows Problem

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp462-468
Adyan Nur Alfiyatin , Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy , Yusuf Priyo Anggodo
Distribution is an important aspect of industrial activity to serve customers on time with minimal operational cost. Therefore, it is necessary to design a quick and accurate distribution route. One of them can be design travel distribution route using the k-means method and genetic algorithms. This research will combine k-means method and genetic algorithm to solve VRPTW problem. K-means can do clustering properly and genetic algorithms can optimize the route. The proposed genetic algorithm employs initialize chromosome from the result of k-means and using replacement method of selection. Based on the comparison between genetic algorithm and hybrid k-means genetic algorithm proves that k-means genetic algorithm is a suitable combination method with relative low computation time, are the comparison between 2700 and 3900 seconds.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 462-468
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Comparing ICH-Leach and Leach descendents on Image Transfer using DCT

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2098-2105
Bennani Taj , Mhamed Ait Kbir
The development and miniaturization of CMOS (microphones and cameras) in the last years have allowed the creation of WMSN (Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network). Therefore, transferring multimedia content through the network has become an important field of research. It transmits the recorded multimedia data wirelessly from a node to another  to reach the Sink (base station). Thus, routing protocols make a big contribution in this process, because they participate in optimizing the node's resource usage. Since Leach protocol was designed only to minimize energy consumption of the network .The goal of this paper is to compare our protocol in tnansfering images with other Leach protocol descendants .By using the application layer, we applied the jpeg compression using the frequency domain on images before sending them to the network.In this paper ,readers will find statistics concerning the lifetime of the network , the energy consumption and most importantly statistics about received images .Also, we used Castalia framework to simulate real conditions of transmission .simulation results proved the efficiency of our protocol by prolonging the lifetime of the network and transmitting more images with better quality compared to other protocols.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2098-2105
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Application of Multiple Kernel Support Vector Regression for Weld Bead Geometry Prediction in Robotic GMAWProcess

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2310-2318
Nader Mollayi , Mohammad Javad Eidi
Modelling and prediction of weld bead geometry is an important issue in robotic GMAW process. This process is highly non-linear and coupled multivariable system and the relationship between process parameters and weld bead geometry cannot be defined by an explicit mathematical expression. Therefore, application of supervised learning algorithms can be useful for this purpose. Support vector machine is a very successful approach to supervised learning. In this approach, a higher degree of accuracy and generalization capability can be obtained by using the multiple kernel learning framework, which is considered as a great advantage in prediction of weld bead geometry due to the high degree of prediction accuracy required. In this paper, a novel approach for modelling and prediction of the weld bead geometry, based on multiple kernel support vector regression analysis has been proposed, which benefits from a high degree of accuracy and generalization capability. This model can be used for proper selection of welding parameters in order to obtain a desired weld bead geometry in robotic GMAW process.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2310-2318
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Reduction of Four-Wave Mixing in DWDM System using Electro-Optic Phase Modulator

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2384-2389
Naif Alsowaidi , Tawfig Eltaif , Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar , Belal A. Hamida
In this paper, electro-optic phase modulator (EOPM) is used to reduce the effect of four-wave mixing (FWM), which is placed after 64 DWDM-channels multiplexer. It was found that the FWM is very sensitive to the phase deviation of the EOPM, and it can be reduced by introducing a phase shift between pulses. The simulation results confirmed the ability of the EOPM in improving the system performanceas indicated by the bit error rates. In term of comparison, the system of 64 channels based intensity modulated/ direct detection (IM/DD) transmission achieved bit error rate of 10-26 over 30 km and 70km without and with EOPM, respectively.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2384-2389
Publish at: 2018-08-01

A New Hybrid Robust Fault Detection of Switching Systems by Combination of Observer and Bond Graph Method

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2157-2171
Mohammad Ghasem Kazemi , Mohsen Montazeri
In this paper, the problem of robust Fault Detection (FD) for continuous time switched system is tackled using a hybrid approach by combination of a switching observer and Bond Graph (BG) method. The main criteria of an FD system including the fault sensitivity and disturbance attenuation level in the presence of parametric uncertainties are considered in the proposed FD system. In the first stage, an optimal switching observer based on state space representation of the BG model is designed in which simultaneous fault sensitivity and disturbance attenuation level are satisfied using H􀀀=H1 index. In the second stage, the Global Analytical Redundancy Relations (GARRs) of the switching system are derived based on the output estimation error of the observer, which is called Error-based Global Analytical Redundancy Relations (EGARRs). The parametric uncertainties are included in the EGARRs, which define the adaptive thresholds on the residuals. A constant term due to the effect of disturbance is also considered in the thresholds. In fact, a two-stage FD system is proposed wherein some criteria may be considered in each stage. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown for a two-tank system.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2157-2171
Publish at: 2018-08-01

The Improvement of first Iteration Log Periodic Fractal Koch Antenna with Slot Implementation

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2564-2570
N. S. M. Yaziz , M. K. A. Rahim , F. Zubir , N. S. Nadzir , R. Dewan , H. A. Majid
In this paper, a slotted is introduced at each of the radiating elements on the 1st iteration log periodic fractal Koch antenna (LPFKA). The antenna is designed to testify the appropriate performance at UHF Digital television which operates from 4.0 GHz to 1.0 GHz. The dimension of the conventional 0th iteration LPKFA is successfully reduced by 17% with the implementation of slotted. The results show a good agreement with a stable radiation pattern across the operating bandwidth, stable gain more than 5 dBi and reflection coefficient of below -10 dB over the desired frequency range.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2564-2570
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Performance Analysis of Antenna Selection Techniques in MIMO-OFDM System with Hardware Impairments: Energy Efficiency perspective

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2272-2279
Anuj Singal , Deepak Kedia
In this paper we propose a new MIMO-OFDM model in which we consider various antenna selection techniques like Bulk selection and Per-subcarrier selection etc. with hardware impairments such as non-linearties of amplifiers, quantization noise, phase noise and I-Q imbalance etc. As we know that the transceiver hardware impairments limit the channel capacity and the energy efficiency of MIMO-OFDM system, so we can not neglect the fundamental impacts of these hardware impairments {Kappa  (0.05 0.1)} on the energy efficiency in the high SNR domain. Therefore we analyze the Energy Efficiency of Bulk and Per-subcarrier antenna selection techniques with or without hardware impairments. It has been observed that the energy efficiency decreases as the value of these hardware impairments increases. As we compared the Bulk antenna selection with the Per-subcarrier antenna selection scheme, the Per-subcarrier antenna selection requires more number of RF (radio frequency) chains and transmits power in comparison to the Bulk selection. Due to this, the Bulk antenna selection technique is more energy efficient than Per-subcarrier antenna selection.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2272-2279
Publish at: 2018-08-01

Band-pass Filter with Harmonics Suppression Capability

10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2512-2520
Izni Husna Idris , Mohamad Rijal Hamid , Kamilia Kamardin , Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim , Farid Zubir , Huda A. Majid
This paper presents a Band-pass Filter (BPF) with a very wide suppressions band. The filter design is based on a modified U-shaped slot. Two pair of U-shaped slots is used to ensure that the filter can suppress the unwanted frequencies up to 4th harmonics. In order to achieve sharp skirt, two transmission zeroes are created near the passband area. Additional transmission zeroes are introduced to deepen the stopband area. Therefore, the passband range starts from 1.3 to 3.3 GHz and the stopband range from 3.3 GHz up to 9 GHz are achieved. The filter performances are verified through simulated and measured results.
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Page: 2512-2520
Publish at: 2018-08-01
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