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31,291 Article Results

The Effects of Segmentation Techniques in Digital Image Based Identification of Ethiopian Paper Currency

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1106-1110
Solomon Wondaya Guangul
Paper and coin are the two most common currencies in all over the world. In Ethiopia also paper and coin currency are used for medium of exchange. This paper presents the comparative study of segmentation techniques towards Ethiopian paper currency classification. Otsu, FCM and K-means segmentation techniques are considered for this study and BPNN is used for classification of currencies. For the classification, images are collected from commercial bank of Ethiopia and Dashen Bank; for our data set, a total of 500 images samples were collected. From these images, 91.2% accuracy is achieved when Otsu segmentation is used on BPNN with TANH learning function.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Page: 1106-1110
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Comparison of Shielding Effectiveness in Complex Curved Structure with Different Numerical Methods, FDTD, MOM and Equivalent Circuit

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1010-1019
Amir hossein Poursoltan mohammadi , M. chehel Amirani , Faghihi Faghihi
The study of the effect of shielding on high frequency equipment is very important in the electromagnetic compatibility of control and communication equipment. In this paper, while presenting a curved complex structure for the shielding enclosure, the different number of apertures with different dimensions has been investigated. A rectangular structure with two curved parts behind of the enclosure simulated based on numerical methods, FDTD, MOM and equivalent circuit for better analysis of electromagnetic interference. After introducing the proposed structure and presenting the curvature theory, simulation results are displayed and compared in the selected frequency range for three numerical methods. It has been shown that increasing the number of apertures by reducing the size, increases the effectiveness of the protective shield. However, increasing the number of resonances by increasing the apertures indicates the importance of studying the equipment more precisely before choosing the structure of enclosure. We present a complex structure for the enclosure and the different number and dimensions of apertures with different materials were investigated for analyzing the effect of shielding on electromagnetic interference. The necessity of choosing a more effective enclosure according to the frequency of the equipment is specified. Finally, three methods of numerical solution, FDTD, MOM and circuit equal comparition were performed with measured value. Changes in the Shielding effectiveness and the number of resonant in the frequency range were determined. The exact examination of equipment requires shielding and their frequency and the type of inside-to-outside communication device before choosing shieldin is important. We used a comparison of three numerical solution methods for examining the field distribution in a complex structure enclosure with different apertures and different materials. In the majority of cases, the proximity of the measured values in this frequency range with the MOM curves shows the performance of this method in complex structures.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Page: 1010-1019
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Prevention of Cervical Cancer among Mother in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

10.11591/ijphs.v7i4.15765
Nanik Setiyawati , Niken Meilani
Cervical cancer was one of the global commitments in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Cervical cancer represents 7.5% of all deaths caused by cancer in women. The method to screening cervical cancer is pap smear test and Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (VIA) test.  Indonesia is the second country in the world has the most cervical cancer cases. This study aims to determine the behavior of cervical cancer prevention on housewives. This is kuantitatif research with cross sectional design. The subjects of this study were housewives in the Kota Yogyakarta and Sleman regency amounting to 350 people. The analysis used is univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results showed that there were 45.1% of mothers' have did the implementation of VIA. There is a relationship of education (p = 0.024), level of knowledge (p = 0.036), and maternal attitudes with cervical cancer prevention behavior. There were no correlation between age (p = 0), parity (p = 0.816), and family income (p = 0.174) with the mother's behavior in the implementation of theVIA’s test. Multivariate analysis showed maternal attitude (CI = 0.335-0.788) that affect the behavior of the VIA.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 254-259
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Flexible Configuration of Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring of Rainfall-Induced Landslide

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1030-1036
Quoc-Anh Gian , Duc-Tan Tran , Dinh-Chinh Nguyen , Tien Dieu Bui
Establishment of wireless sensor network for Monitoring and Early Warning System (MEWS) of rainfall-induced landslide is still a challenging task due to problems of energy consumption. This research aim is to propose a new flexible system for the configuration of MEWS for rainfall-induced landslides. The proposed system is an integration a star topology and a tree topology, in which, the star topology is automatically used for the sensor nodes around the gateway node, whereas the tree topology is adopted for the other nodes. Consequently, the proposed configuration method is flexible and capable to save the energy consumption in the MEWS. Experiment result showed that the performance of the MEWS with the proposed method Wireless Sensor Network is better than those from the systems only use the tree topology or the star topology. The result of this study is useful for designing WSN for MEWS of rainfall-induced landslides.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Page: 1030-1036
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Risk Factors of Drug Abuse among Adolescence

10.11591/ijphs.v7i4.14261
Liena Sofiana , Suci Musvita Ayu , Marsiana Wibowo , Erni Gustina , Satriawan Jaohandhy Muhtori
Yogyakarta City, which is known as the center of education is a potential place for drug abuser to distribute illegal substance to the youth. It is evident in the great number of drug users in Yogyakarta City, in which 50% of them are adolescents and university students. The research aimed to know the relationships predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors and the drug abuse among adolescents in Yogyakarta City. The research employed cross sectional design. The samples were taken using multistage random cluster sampling. The data were taken through questionnaire given to 481 youth, at the age of 15-19 years in 18 senior high school and the equals in Yogyakarta City. The data were then analyzed using Chi Square test. Attitude, self-confidence, family role, and peer’s role are related to drug abuse. Knowledge, information sources, and teacher’s role are not related to drug abuse. 
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 260-267
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Intelligent Sensing Using Metal Oxide Semiconductor Based-on Support Vector Machine for Odor Classification

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4133-4147
Nyayu Latifah Husni , Siti Nurmaini , Irsyadi Yani , Ade Silvia
Classifying odor in real experiment presents some challenges, especially the uncertainty of the odor concentration and dispersion that can lead to a difficulty in obtaining an accurate datasets. In this study, to enhance the accuracy, datasets arrangement based on MOS sensors parameters using SVM approach for odor classification is proposed. The sensors are tested to determine the sensors' time response, sensors' peak duration, sensors' sensitivity, and sensors' stability when applied to the various sources at different range. Three sources were used in experimental test, namely: ethanol, methanol, and acetone. The gas sensors characteristics are analyzed in open sampling method to see the sensors' performance in real situation. These performances are considered as the base of choosing the position in collecting the datasets. The sensors in dynamic experiment have average of precision of 93.8-97.0%, the accuracy 93.3-96.7%, and the recall 93.3-96.7%. This values indicates that the collected datasets can support the SVM in improving the intelligent sensing when conducting odor classification work.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 4133-4147
Publish at: 2018-12-01

FSDA: Framework for Secure Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network for Enhancing Key Management

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4684-4692
Jyoti Metan , K. N. Narashinha Murthy
An effective key management plays a crucial role in imposing a resilient security technique in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). After reviewing the existing approaches of key management, it is confirmed that existing approachs does not offer good coverage on all potential security breaches in WSN. With WSN being essential part of Internet-of-Things (IoT), the existing approaches of key management can definitely not address such security breaches. Therefore, this paper introduces a Framework for Secure Data Aggregation (FSDA) that hybridizes the public key encryption mechanism in order to obtain a novel key management system. The proposed system does not target any specific attacks but is widely applicable for both internal and external attacks in WSN owing to its design principle. The study outcome exhibits that proposed FSDA offers highly reduced computational burden, minimal delay, less energy consumption, and higher data transmission perforance in contrast to frequency used encryption schemes in WSN.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 4684-4692
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Cross Layer Solution for Energy and Delay Optimization in MANETs

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4745-4754
Bhagyashri R. Hanji , Rajashree Shettar
A novel method for packet forwarding in MANETs has been proposed in this paper. A node in the network acts as both host and router. Energy utilization of the node increases as all nodes in MANET operate as source, destination, and router to forward packets to the next hop ultimately to reach destination. Routers execute a variety of functions from simple packet classification for forwarding to complex payload revision. As the number of tasks and complexity increases, processing time required also increases resulting in significant processing delay in routers. The proposed work optimizes packet header at transport and network layer by calculating Unique Identifier using pairing function for the fields which do not change for a source–destination pair. This technique optimizes the processing cost of each packet header thereby conserving energy and reducing delay. It also simplifies the task of system administration. This paper elucidates an extension to basic AODV protocol, allowing routing of most packets without an explicit header, reducing the overhead of the protocol while still conserving its basic properties. The proposed method improves the network performance significantly compared to AODV, MTPR, and S-AODV protocol.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 4745-4754
Publish at: 2018-12-01

A Design Consideration for Planar Inverted Fractal Antenna to Minimize Length-Dependent Specific Absorption Rate

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1171-1178
Akramul Haque , Sheikh Alimur Razi , Nur Mohammad , Md. Shamsul Arifin , Quazi Delwar Hossain
This paper presents a numerical solution to minimize electromagnetic radiation from a Planar Inverted Fractal Antenna (PIFA) used in cellular phone. The PIFA is simulated using a semiconductor substrate having a dielectric constant of 3.38. The height of the dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm. The designed antenna is simulated at a broad range of microwave frequency spectrum used in cellular communication. A 50-ohm probe of 0.5 mm radius perpendicular to the ground substrate plate is used as a feeding medium. The antenna performance is evaluated for three different lengths keeping all other parameters constant. Simulation results show that the intended PIFA having a length of 20 mm can be used effectively to reduce the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of radiation. Moreover, the reflection coefficient was found to be minimal 0.1569 at 20 mm antenna length which is determined by characteristic impedance relation. Therefore, this investigation of minimizing the radiation absorption can be considered during the implementation phase of various cellular antennas to avoid radiation-related health hazards.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Page: 1171-1178
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Comparison Analysis of Gait Classification For Human Motion Identification Using Embedded Computer

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp5014-5020
Agung Nugroho Jati , Astri Novianty , Nanda Septiana , Leni Widia Nasution
In this paper, it will be discussed about comparison between two kinds of classification methods in order to improve security system based of human gait. Gait is one of biometric methods which can be used to identify person. K-Nearest Neighbour has parallelly implemented with Support Vector Machine for classifying human gait in same basic system. Generally, system has been built using Histogram and Principal Component Analysis for gait detection and its feature extraction. Then, the result of the simulation showed that K-Nearest Neighbour is slower in processing and less accurate than Support Vector Machine in gait classification.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 5014-5020
Publish at: 2018-12-01

UDP Pervasive Protocol Integration with IoT for Smart Home Environment using LabVIEW

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp5342-5350
Mochammad Hannats Hanafi Ichsan , Wijaya Kurniawan , Sabriansyah Rizqika Akbar
Pervasive computing is an environment which is used and integrated into every object and activities to meet human needs and its existence isn’t perceived as something specific. The concept of Smart Home is to assist human needs in an everyday object that performs controls or being controlled. Based on previous research the used communication protocol is UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and the programming language is LabVIEW. UDP is used because it does not require handshaking in the broadcast process, as well as on the use of memory more efficient than other protocols. Devices which perform controls called Host and which is controlled called Client. Both of them (Things) have an ability to send data to the Internet without any human interaction. So this research wants to conduct pervasive protocol between Host and Client which each device is integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT). Data are posted at dweet.io that is a cloud server website that contains a simple online data submission which has free services. This research is conducted to measure the communication performance between host to client, host to cloud server and client to cloud server that represents household equipment.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 5342-5350
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Automation of DMPS Manufacturing by using LabView & PLC

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp5484-5494
Fareeza F , Chunchu Rambabu , S. Krishnaveni , Abel Chernet Kabiso
This Paper is to enable the Siemens (Programmable Logic Control) CPU 313-5A to communicate with the Lab VIEW and to control the process accuracy by image processing. The communication between CPU 313-5A and Lab VIEW is via OPC (OLE for Process Control).Process Accuracy is achieved with the use of Labview Image Processing and Gray Scale matching Pattern. Accuracy in the gray scale matching will purely depend on the calibration of the camera with respect to the corresponding image. The digital output from the labview is communicated to PLC via Ethernet Protocol for the industrial process control. With the use of Labview the dead time while using the normal image vision module in PLC can be minimized. Labview uses the gray scale matching technique which is more accurate than the normal image vision module used in PLC.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 5484-5494
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Average Channel Capacity of Amplify-and-forward MIMO/FSO Systems Over Atmospheric Turbulence Channels

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4334-4342
Duong Huu Ai
In amplify-and-forward (AF) relay channel, when the direct link between source and destination terminals is deeply faded, the signal from the source terminal to the destination terminal propagates through the relay terminals, each of which relays a signal received from the previous terminal to the next terminal in series. This paper, we theoretically analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) AF free-space optical (FSO) systems. The AF-MIMO/FSO average channel capacity (ACC), which is expressed in terms of average spectral efficiency (ASE) is derived taking into account the atmospheric turbulence effects on the MIMO/FSO channel. They are modeled by log-normal and the gamma-gamma distributions for the cases of weak-to-strong turbulence conditions. We extract closed form mathematical expression for the evaluation of the ACC and we quantitatively discuss the influence of turbulence strength, link distance, different number of relay stations and different MIMO configurations on it.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 4334-4342
Publish at: 2018-12-01

An Energy-Aware and Load-balancing Routing scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1312-1319
Omar Adil Mahdi , Yusor Rafid Bahar Al-Mayouf , Ahmed Basil Ghazi , Mazin Abed Mohammed , Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab , Mohd Yamani Idna Bin Idris Idna Bin Idris
Energy and memory limitations are considerable constraints of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The limited energy supplied to network nodes causes WSNs to face crucial functional limitations. Therefore, the problem of limited energy resource on sensor nodes can only be addressed by using them efficiently. In this research work, an energy-balancing routing scheme for in-network data aggregation is presented. This scheme is referred to as Energy-aware and load-Balancing Routing scheme for Data Aggregation (hereinafter referred to as EBR-DA). The EBRDA aims to provide an energy efficient multiple-hop routing to the destination on the basis of the quality of the links between the source and destination. In view of this goal, a link cost function is introduced to assess the quality of the links by considering the new multi-criteria node weight metric, in which energy and load balancing are considered. The node weight is considered in constructing and updating the routing tree to achieve dynamic behavior for event-driven WSNs. The proposed EBR-DA was evaluated and validated by simulation, and the results were compared with those of InFRA and DRINA by using performance metrics for dense static networks.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Page: 1312-1319
Publish at: 2018-12-01

Convolutional Neural Network and Feature Transformation for Distant Speech Recognition

10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp5381-5388
Hilman F. Pardede , Asri R. Yuliani , Rika Sustika
In many applications, speech recognition must operate in conditions where there are some distances between speakers and the microphones. This is called distant speech recognition (DSR). In this condition, speech recognition must deal with reverberation. Nowadays, deep learning technologies are becoming the the main technologies for speech recognition. Deep Neural Network (DNN) in hybrid with Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is the commonly used architecture. However, this system is still not robust against reverberation. Previous studies use Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is a variation of neural network, to improve the robustness of speech recognition against noise. CNN has the properties of pooling which is used to find local correlation between neighboring dimensions in the features. With this property, CNN could be used as feature learning emphasizing the information on neighboring frames. In this study we use CNN to deal with reverberation. We also propose to use feature transformation techniques: linear discriminat analysis (LDA) and maximum likelihood linear transformation (MLLT), on mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) before feeding them to CNN. We argue that transforming features could produce more discriminative features for CNN, and hence improve the robustness of speech recognition against reverberation. Our evaluations on Meeting Recorder Digits (MRD) subset of Aurora-5 database confirm that the use of LDA and MLLT transformations improve the robustness of speech recognition. It is better by 20% relative error reduction on compared to a standard DNN based speech recognition using the same number of hidden layers.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page: 5381-5388
Publish at: 2018-12-01
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