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28,188 Article Results

The Application of the IMB Model as Primary Prevention on Adolescent’s Premarital Sexual Intention

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6533
Linda Suwarni , Selviana Selviana , Ufi Ruhama , Iskandar Arfan
Previous studies showed the information, motivation, and behavioral skills (IMB) model could be used to predict and prevent reducing sexual risk behaviors. This paper examines the effectiveness of IMB interventions in reducing adolescent’s premarital sexual intentions. A quasy experimental nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design was conducted among 250 students in 20 secondary schools in Pontianak with intervention IMB models and 100 students in the control group. There was a significant differences of information (delta mean = 3.008; 95% CI = 2.329 to 3.687; p value = 0.0001), motivation (delta mean = 1.532; 95% CI = 0.846 to 2.218; p value = 0, 0001), and skills to refuse or delay premarital sexual behavior (delta mean = 1.604; 95% CI = 0.629 to 2.579; p value = 0.001) on adolescents between before and after the application of the IMB model in secondary students in pontianak, Indonesia. In addition, there were significant differences intention adolescents in the control group and the experimental between before and after the IMB intervention (p value < 0.05). IMB model could be applied as primary prevention on adolescent’s premarital sexual intention through integration in school subjects. It is needed a support and debriefing skills in teachers.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 57-62
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Optimum Transmitter Receiver Ratio for Maximum Wireless Energy Transfer

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp599-605
Mohamad Harris Misran , Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim
Due to high demand of using cordless mobile device, the interest in wireless energy transfer (WET) has been growth intensively. This paper presented a method to obtained optimum transmitter receiver ratio for maximum performance of WET system using different initial antenna size at various distance. An optimized algorithm has been developed to determine the optimum ratios that yield the highest wireless transfer efficiency (WTE) at near field communication (NFC) frequency, 13.56MHz. 30mm x 30mm single square loop antenna is used as initial size of both transmitter and receiver using FR4 with operating distance = 50mm. Operating distance and initial size of the antenna will be varied and the effect to the WTE will be studied using Matlab, verified using Microsoft Studio CST. At distance = 50mm and initial size of the antenna = 30mm x 30mm, optimum transmitter to receiver ratio equal to 1:3 is obtained. The pattern of optimum transmitter receiver ratio between Matlab and CST has met an agreement. This research limited to integer transmitter receiver ratio used only and no decimal number being involved in magnify the transmitter size.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 599-605
Publish at: 2017-03-01

The Impact of Physical Education on Childhood Obesity in Ohio School Children: A Hierarchical Analysis

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6534
Nicholas V. Cascarelli Jr. , Karen H. Larwin
Obesity that starts in childhood or adolescence creates greater risk for adult health problems such as heart disease, arthritis, stroke, and cancer. The literature shows that childhood obesity increases most rapidly during the early elementary school years. The current investigation examines the issue of obesity using a systematic stratified random sample of Ohio schools that reported their 3rd grader’s BMI scores for the 2009-2010 school year to the Ohio Department of Health. The sample included 25 schools and 1,006 students. Those schools selected were contacted via phone to ask how many minutes per week schools allocated for physical education in grades K-3, and how many minutes per day was allotted for recess in grades K-3. The analysis also examined potential moderators including the percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunch and the school building academic performance designations as indicated on the Ohio Department of Education webpage. The results suggest that the model run at the student level accounts for approximately 1% of the variation in BMI; the model run at the school level was not a significant predictor of the variance.While the model included for Ohio students did not indicate a strong predictor for childhood obesity, schools can play a significant role in addressing the childhood obesity issue.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 63-71
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Physical Activity and Obesity Indicators: National Cross Sectional Study on Lebanese Adults

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6525
Soha Hourani , Nagham Hamadeh , Mohamad Al-Iskandarani , Sarine El Daouk , Maha Hoteit
Association between higher levels of physical activity and lower rates of obesity has been shown. The aim is to assess the relation between the prevalence of physical activity and the Physical Activity Index (PAI) of 300 Lebanese healthy adults, with age, gender, occupation, body mass indices and waist circumferences (WC). The cutoff points of WC for both genders were determined using the values of Body Mass Index (BMI). A cross-sectional study using self-reported valid questionnaire was conducted randomly on 150 men and 150 women, between 18 and 74 years, from Beirut region. Association between variables was performed using chi2, T-Test and ANOVA. Linear regression determined the WC cutoffs based on BMI. 22% of the population was obese with WC mean level of 92.47±14.4cm (87.71±14.4 cm for women and 97.24±12.96 cm for men). The prevalence of physical activity was 34% in overall population (27% in women and 40% in men).There was no significant association between BMI values and PAI (p< 0.085 for men and p< 0.300 for women). However there was an inverse association between WC values and PAI in both genders (p<0.043 in men and p< 0.036 in women). Linear regression showed WC cut-off point in Lebanese women with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and ≥30 kg/m2 of 86 cm and 100 cm respectively, whereas for men it was 92.12 cm and 105 cm respectively. The prevalence of physical activity in Beirut is low with differences among genders. The highest physical activity index is associated with the decreased values of waist circumference.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 1-6
Publish at: 2017-03-01

The Level of Malondialdehyde in People Exposed to Air Pollution

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6539
Aguscik Aguscik , Ridwan Ikob , Sumitro Adi Putra
Air pollution cannot be avoided by people especially those living in big cities.  Rubber factories and landfill sites are two examples of activities that can trigger air pollution. H2S gas produced from rubber factories and landfill sites can create unpleasant smells and air contamination and increase free radicals in environment. This study was to assess the level of oxidative stress in people living near rubber factories and landfill sites. This was cross-sectional study involving 60 people as the study sample. The level of H2S gas was measured to determine the presence of air pollution. Blood collected from vena mediana cubiti was drawn to determine the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress. Data obtained from this study were analyzed using independent t-test. The levels of H2S gas from landfill site were higher than those from rubber factory (0.482 ppm vs. 0.332 ppm). On the other hand, the average level of MDA in people living near the rubber factory was higher than that living near the landfill site (0.847 ± 0.269 nmol/mL vs 0.748 ± 0.253 nmol/mL). It was found no significant difference (p <0.05) in the average levels of MDA between people living near the rubber factory and those living near the landfill site.  There was no significant difference in the average levels of oxidative stress between people living near rubber factory and those living near landfill site.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 96-100
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Spatial Patterns Associating Low Birth Weight with Environmental and Behavioral Factors

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6530
Donal Donal , Hartono Hartono , Mohammad Hakimi , Ova Emilia
Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant public health problem in the world. It was estimated globally by the World Health Organization (WHO) that prevalence of LBW was 15% of all births. In Murung Raya district LBW cases remain high. This paper aimed to identify and discuss the relationship between environmental risk factors with LBW in Murung Raya.A spatial analysis was conducted with 150 women as the total participantswho were recruited through the incidence data in 2013-2014. The questionnaires, medical records, and geographic data were measured by Stata software, ArcGis, SatScan, and Geoda. The study results indicated there was significant correlation between health behavior and environmental variables with the strength of external neighborhood effect across LBW risk factors. More intense clustering of high values (hot spots) was found through the spatial analysis showing that most of the cases were located near the defined buffer zone. This research demonstrates that the spatial pattern analysis provided greater statistical power to detect an effect that was not apparent in the previous epidemiology studies.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 33-44
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Needs Assesment of Adolescent Health Services

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6535
Khoiriyah Isni , Lina Handayani
Health problems surround the adolescent rises everytime, yet it does unexcelled with their awareness or knowledge about that problems. The adolescent health service that are poorly accesced by the adolescent become the indicator that proves that the adolescent health services are not fully known and utilized yet. The assesment of adolesccent health services need has to be done so that it can be fully understand by the helper, target and stakeholder. This study aimed to analyse the adolescent health service need in Karang Bendo, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study was conducted in 2016 using cross-sectional approach. The results revealed that the level of adolsecent’s knowledge are still relatively poor: reproductive health knowledge (44.1%), HIV/AIDS (41.2%), smoke (50%), drugs (58.8%), and healthy lifestyle () (47.1%). The majority of respondents said that they need health services about reproduction health (94.1%), HIV/AIDS (91.2%), smoke (91.2%), drugs (88.2%) and healthy lifestyle (91.2%).
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 72-77
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Client Satisfaction towards Quality of Health Services: An Assessment at Primary Healthcare of District Gujranwala

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6526
Kauser Aftab Khan , Shahzad Ali Khan , Zubia Qureshi , Moazzam Ali Khan , Fouzia Nadeem Gill , Mudassar Mushtaq Jawad Abbasi
This survey designed to evaluate the satisfaction level and the factors that affect the patient satisfaction regarding health care delivery services with the aim to improve the services in the primary health care settings of Gujranwala. A Cross Sectional Study done on randomly selected patients attending the basic health units of Gujranwala, with more than18 years of age. Pretested structured "Liker scale questionnaire" was used for data collection. Out of total respondents, 62 (41.3%) clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units of Gujranwala. The factors identified to determine patient satisfaction were accessibility of services, behavior of staff, health education, level of cleanliness, drug availability and miscellaneous services. Not a single ranked area of satisfaction noticed. Client’s occupation and income had significant relationship with the patient satisfaction level. Gender, age, and education of clients were not contributing factors; they not affect the client satisfaction level.Less than half clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units. Management of health facilities needs to improve the services.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 7-12
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Using Neuro-Fuzzy Technique to Classify and Predict Electrical Engineering Students’ Achievement Upon Graduation Based on Mathematics Competency

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp684-690
Usamah bin Mat , Norlida Buniyamin
This paper discusses the findings of a case study that uses neuro-fuzzy tool to classify and predict Electrical engineering students graduation achievement based on mathematics competency. In this study, achievement upon graduation and mathematics grades were classified as the key performance index. It's based on longitudinal progress and cross validation model on two mathematics subjects, semesters’ performance, and graduation achievement of electrical students. The outcomes indicated that there is a correlation between mathematics competency with electrical engineering performance, and it’s interesting to note that weak and satisfactory students in mathematics are not able to achieve first class upon graduation, and yet there is small percentage of excellent and good students in mathematics couldn’t graduate with high achievement. The findings conclude that the combination of statistical analysis and machine learning can help us to extract knowledge and enable university management to help low achievers at early stage. It’s hoped that the findings can help faculty management to review mathematics curriculum with respect to increasing range of engineering field.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 684-690
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Evaluation of Lactation Promotion as Part of Baby Friendly Hospital

10.11591/ijphs.v6i1.6531
Arsani Lailatul Inayah , Lina Handayani , Azidanti Saufi
Decrease of maternal and infant mortality as well as increasing of the exclusive breastfeeding are major public health priorities in Indonesia. In decreasing the maternal and infant mortality, the government developed a program for the community as Baby Friendly Hospital (BFH) to prevent the effects, to support, and to promote breastfeeding. PKU Muhammadiyah hospital in Yogyakarta was one of the BFH program managers. The purpose of this study was to determine the breastfeeding promotion activities as part of BFH at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Yogyakarta.This was a qualitative descriptive study. The findings of this study were inputs consisting of 1) the knowledge and skills to better convey information indicates the quality of human resources. 2) promotion of the  policies for all workers to reach the goal. 3) financial promotion is supported by the operating system in the hospital. 4) supporting facility to promote lactation leaflets, posters, ANC class, a breastfeeding counselor and nursing areas. Implementation of lactation promotion was conducted in accordance with program planning of BFH. 
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 45-50
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Comparison of Deposition Methods of ZnO Thin Film on Flexible Substrate

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp536-541
A. A.M. Idris , R. Arsat , M. K. Ahmad , F. Sidek
This paper reports the effect of the different deposition methods towards the ZnO nanostructure crystal quality and film thickness on the polyimide substrate. The ZnO film has been deposited by using the spray pyrolysis technique, sol-gel and RF Sputtering. Different methods give a different nanostructure of the ZnO thin film. Sol gel methods, results of nanoflowers ZnO thin film with the thickness of thin film is 600nm. It also produces the best of the piezoelectric effect in term of electrical performance, which is 5.0 V and 12 MHz of frequency which is higher than other frequency obtained by spray pyrolysis and RF sputtering.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 536-541
Publish at: 2017-03-01

A Study on V-Shaped Microstrip Patch MIMO Antenna

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp606-611
Charles MacWright Thomas , Huda A. Majid , Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin , Samsul Haimi Dahlan , Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim , Raimi Dewan
A study on the V-shaped microstrip patch antenna for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system based on the antenna orientation is performed. First the microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is calculated and simulated. Next, multiple element of antennas for MIMO system is simulated and discussed. V-shaped with 45 degree slanted inward and outward is studied. The antenna properties is analyzed and compact antenna design is determined based on the simulation results. The results shows the gap between antennas can be optimized to 1 mm while maintaining low mutual coupling. The gain of the MIMO antenna is 8.42 dBi. The simulated return losses, together with the radiation patterns, are presented and discussed.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 606-611
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Mammography Image Segmentation: Chan-Vese Active Contour and Localised Active Contour Approach

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp577-583
Mahfuzah Mustafa , Hana Najwa Omar Rashid , Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah , Rosdiyana Samad , Dwi Pebrianti
Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases diagnosed among female cancer patients. Early detection of breast cancer is needed to reduce the risk of fatality of this disease as no cure has been found yet for this illness. This research is conducted to improve the Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) Snake Active Contour segmentation technique in mammography segmentation. Segmentation of the mammogram image is done to segment lesions existence using Chan-Vese Active Contour and Localized Active Contour. Besides that, the effectiveness of these both methods are then compared and chosen to be the best method. Digital Database of Screening Mammograms (DDSM) is used for the purpose of screening. First, the images undergo pre-processing process using the Gaussian Low Pass Filter to remove unwanted noise. After that, contrast enhancement applied to the images. Segmentation of mammograms is then conducted by using Chan-Vese Active Contour and Localized Active Contour method. The result shows that Chan-Vese technique outperforms Localized Active Contour with 90% accuracy.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 577-583
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Control Strategy for PWM Voltage Source Converter Using Fuzzy Logic for Adjustable Speed DC Motor

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp51-58
Saidah Baisa , Bambang Purwahyudi , Kuspijani Kuspijani
The speed of a DC motor can be controlled by varying the voltage applied to the terminal. It can be done by controlling a PWM-VSC (PWM-Voltage Source Converter). This paper analyzes an control strategy of PWM-VSC using fuzzy logic to obtain varying DC voltage and according to the DC motor speed as desired. The control strategy of PWM-VSC directly using the switch variable in dq rotating reference frame as input variables. The fuzzy logic controller proposes to get a DC voltage variation stable by adjusting amplitudo of the network current. The simulation Fuzzy Logic Controller results show that the design fuzzy logic produce a good dynamic of DC voltage and DC motor speed without overshoot. On the network, Total Harmonic Distortion less than 5 % and unity power factor.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 51-58
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Portable Pico Linear Generator Design with Different Magnet Shapes for Wave Energy Conversion System

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp360-366
Nursyamimi Shahabudin , Taib Ibrahim , Naily Akmal Mohd Zamri
There are abundant of wave energy converter technologies available to convert wave energy into useable energy. However, most of them are huge and suitable for large application. Thus, this paper aimed to propose portable pico generator designs for small scale application. Investigation on the performance of designs with varying halbach magnet shapes was mainly focused and discussed. Two designs of different magnet shape i.e. triangular and trapezoid were proposed. Open-circuit simulation and optimization results were obtained using Finite Element Method. From the results, it was found out that Trapezoid Magnet Design produced better performance and lower material cost compared to another proposed design, Triangular Magnet as well as conventional Rectangular Magnet shape.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 360-366
Publish at: 2017-03-01
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