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28,593 Article Results

Performance Analysis of (Bi2Te3-PbTe) Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i2.pp917-925
Anitha Angeline A , Jayakumar J , Lazarus Godson Asirvatham
A theoretical analysis on the performance of (Bi2Te3-PbTe) hybrid thermoelectric generator (TEG) is presented in this paper. The effect  of different performance parameters such as output voltage, output current, output power, maximum power output, open circuit voltage, Seebeck  co-efficient, electrical resistance, thermal conductance, figure of merit, efficiency, heat absorbed and heat removed based on maximum conversion and power efficiency have been analyzed by varying the hot side temperature up to 350oC and by varying the cold side temperature from 30oC to 150oC. The results showed that a maximum power output of 21.7 W has been obtained with the use of one hybrid thermoelectric module for a temperature difference of 320oC between the hot and cold side of the thermoelectric generator at matched load resistance. The figure of merit was found to be around 1.28 which makes its usage possible in the intermediate temperature (250oC to 350oC) applications such as heating of Biomass waste, heat from Biomass cook stoves or waste heat recovery etc. It is also observed that the hybrid thermoelectric generator offers superior performance over 250oC  of the hot side temperature, compared to standard Bi2Te3 modules
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 917-925
Publish at: 2017-06-01

A Comparative study on Handoff Algorithms for GSM and CDMA Cellular Networks

10.11591/ijece.v7i3.pp1219-1227
S. Neeraja , G. Sasibhushana Rao
The GSM, CDMA cellular systems are most trendy 2G and 3G digital cellular telecommunications systems, which is widely used throughout the world. These systems have many advantages such as high security, higher quality of call transmission over the long distances, low transmitted power, and enhanced capacity with more efficient utilization of the frequency spectrum. With these advantages these cellular systems have attracted more subscribers with more attention in the field of mobile communications. One of the most attractive features of cellular system is handoff which is a continuation of an active call when the mobile is moving from one cell to another without disconnecting the call. Usually, continuous service is achieved by efficiently designed handoff algorithms. So, efficient handoff algorithms are necessary for enhancing the capacity and QoS of cellular system. In this paper, the handoff analysis for GSM, CDMA cellular networks are done under various propagation models. Various handoff algorithms of GSM are described and also a novel received signal strength (RSS) based GSM handoff algorithm with adaptive hysteresis is analyzed. CDMA Soft handoff algorithm is analyzed and effective soft handoff parameters are estimated for better performance. The Comparison of handoff algorithms is studied based on results.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 1219-1227
Publish at: 2017-06-01

Leakage Current Based Thermal Modeling of Glass Disc Insulator Surface

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i3.pp504-512
Mohammed Imran Mousa , Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek , Zainab Imran Mousa
The stability of transmission lines relies on the health of the insulators, such as glass string insulators, which may occasionally flashover during an overvoltage. The likelihood of flashover increases notably when the glass insulator is wrapped by a wet contaminant layer. In this paper a study of the surface thermal profile of glass disc insulators insulation had been carried out for both clean and polluted surfaces. A finite-element simulation with time dependent model was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The variation of the insulator surface temperature with applied voltage as well as with pollution layer thickness is explained. The results illustrate the significant effect of pollution conductivity on heat propagate along the surface of the glass insulators with the increase higher voltages' magnitudes. Study of the aging level impact on a steady state thermal for glass insulation surface is also carried out.
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Page: 504-512
Publish at: 2017-06-01

Impact of Distributed Generation on the Fault Current in Power Distribution System

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp357-367
Zuhaila Mat Yasin , Izni Nadhirah Sam’ón , Norziana Aminudin , Nur Ashida Salim , Hasmaini Mohamad
Monitoring fault current is very important in power system protection. Therefore, the impact of installing Distributed Generation (DG) on the fault current is investigated in this paper. Three types of fault currents which are single line-to-ground, double line-to-ground and three phase fault are analyzed at various fault locations. The optimal location of DG was identified heuristically using power system simulation program for planning, design and analysis of distribution system (PSS/Adept). The simulation was conducted by observing the power losses of the test system by installing DG at each load buses. Bus with minimum power loss was chosen as the optimal location of DG. In order to study the impact of DG to the fault current, various locations and sizes of DG were also selected. The simulations were conducted on IEEE 33-bus distribution test system and IEEE 69-bus distribution test system. The results showed that the impact of DG to the fault current is significant especially when fault occurs at busses near to DG location.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 357-367
Publish at: 2017-05-01

A Comparison Study of Learning Algorithms for Estimating Fault Location

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp464-472
Mimi Nurzilah Hashim , Muhammad Khusairi Osman , Mohammad Nizam Ibrahim , Ahmad Farid Abidin , Ahmad Asri Abd Samat
Fault location is one of the important scheme in power system protection to locate the exact location of disturbance. Nowadays, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are being used significantly to identify exact fault location on transmission lines. Selection of suitable training algorithm is important in analysis of ANN performance. This paper presents a comparative study of various ANN training algorithm to perform fault location scheme in transmission lines. The features selected into ANN is the time of first peak changes in discrete wavelet transform (DWT) signal by using faulted current signal acted as traveling wave fault location technique. Six types commonly used backpropagation training algorithm were selected including the Levenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian Regulation, Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Powell-Beale restarts, BFGS quasi-Newton, Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Polak-Ribiere updates and Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Fletcher-Reeves updates. The proposed fault location method is tested with varying fault location, fault types, fault resistance and inception angle. The performance of each training algorithm is evaluated by goodness-of-fit (R2), mean square error (MSE) and Percentage prediction error (PPE). Simulation results show that the best of training algorithm for estimating fault location is Bayesian Regulation (R2 = 1.0, MSE = 0.034557 and PPE = 0.014%).
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 464-472
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Distributed Fast Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique for Mismatched Module Application

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp225-232
M.I.M. Zakki , M.N.M. Hussain , I.R. Ibrahim , N.A. Ismail , M.N. Ibrahim
This paper propose distributed fast maximum power point tracking (DFMPPT) technique to achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This paper implements the algorithm in distributed MPPT (DMPPT) architecture for mismatched condition with single module, and string connection. The MPPT method uses indirect and direct MPPT method by fractional open-circuit voltage (FOCV) with incremental conductance (INC) for high-speed maximum energy harvesting. This method is proven to be fast for tracking maximum power point (MPP) which achieves the peak power less in 1.7ms via for a single module with efficiency of 99.7% compared to the recent MPPT technique to reach MPP in 1.75ms with 95.8% efficiency. While for string configuration, the efficiency of the whole system is rated by 85.583% by taking 8.675ms to reach global MPP.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 225-232
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Experimental Measurement of Arc Motion and Light Flicker Frequencies in the HID Lamps

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp396-401
Amer Lakhdar , Hamouda Messaoud , Benachiba Chellali , Marcus Wolff
In order to reduce the electric consumption for high intensity discharge lamps, the use of high frequencies electronic ballasts represents both a solution and many advantages such as the decrease in the congestion and low costs. However, high frequency operation is not regarded as perfectly reliable due to the appearance of acoustic resonances inside the arc tube, which can result in low frequency light flicker and even lamp destruction. Here we experimentally determined light flicker frequencies using a photodiode which detects the light intensity fluctuation for a high intensity discharge lamp of 50W. Additionally, the arc motion frequencies are determined with the aid of a camera. The results obtained are compared with those of a lamp of the same type but with different power (35W).
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 396-401
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Modelling and Simulation of Field Oriented Control Based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp387-395
Faisal Amin , Erwan Bin Sulaiman , Wahyu Mulyo Utomo , Hassan Ali Soomro , Mahyuzie Jenal , Rajesh Kumar
On the basis of analysis of dq model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and principle of field oriented control (FOC), detail modelling of PMSM drive system and simulation results presented in this paper. The PMSM model is based on electronic components rather than mathematical blocks, this enabled us to achieve simulation results more realistic. Moreover all the modules of this simulation, such as inverter and pwm generator are made from scratch instead of using premade Simulink blocks. Simulation was carried on the basis of step change in speed and torque then made performance comparison of several parameters such as abc current, dq current, speed and torque.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 387-395
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Power System State Estimation by Novel Approach of Kalman Filter

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp241-253
Arpit Khandelwal , Ankush Tandon , Akash Saxena
The electrical network measurements by measuring device Phasor Measurement Device (PMU) are usually sent to the control centers using data acquisition system and other communication protocols available. However, these measurements contain uncertainties due to the measurements and communication noise (errors), incomplete metering or unavailability of some of measurements. The overall aim of state estimation is to calculate the state variables of the power system by minimizing errors available at the control center. Due to generate desired quantities by optimal estimate which is given the set of measurements, Kalman filters are widely used. This paper discusses the application of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm, the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) algorithm, and New EKF+M and UKF+M estimator algorithm, those are modification of EKF and UKF for enhance accuracy and elapse time is less. The effectiveness and performance of EKF+M and UKF+M Estimator over another Filtration algorithm is shown. These state estimation techniques applied on IEEE-30 bus, 14 bus and 9 bus test system.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 241-253
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Harmonic Load Mitigation Using the Optimal Double Tuned Passive Filter Technique

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp338-348
Muhammad Murtadha Othman , W Muhammad Faizol bin W Mustapha , Amirul Asyraf Mohd Kamaruzaman , Aainaa Mohd Arriffin , Ismail Musirin , Nur Ashida Salim , Zulkiffli Abdul Hamid , Nofri Yenita Dahlan
Harmonic is one of the power quality disturbances customarily imminent in an unbalanced electrical system. Harmonic represents as the multiple integral of fundamental frequency of voltage and current inflicting towards the shifting in system frequency causing to a disruptive operation of electrical devices. This paper investigates on the performance of passive filter intrinsically by utilizing the inductor and capacitor electrical components to mitigate harmonic problem emanating from an unbalanced electrical system. In particular, explication in this paper will focus on the optimal parameters specification for the double tuned passive filter that used to overcome the phenomenon of harmonic issue. The two case studies constituting with different number of harmonic orders injected in a system were introduced to distinguish effectiveness of double tuned passive filter in solving the aforesaid problems. The parameters configuration of the passive filter are automatically tuned by the MATLAB® software to reduce the total harmonic distortion incurred in a system designed under the Simulink® software.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 338-348
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Wireless Power for Mobile Battery Charger

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp278-285
M. Fitra , Elvy S
This Wireless Mobile Battery Charger project is using technique of inductive coupling. The basic concept of his technique was applied in transformer construction. With this technique, the power from AC or DC can be transfer through the medium of magnetic field or air space. In this project, the method is divided into two major activities which is to purpose circuit construction and to fabricate the prototype. The result is to evaluate the distance of power that can be transferred using technique of inductive coupling.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 278-285
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Security for Virtualization in Cloud Services using Duplication Method

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp482-488
N.L. Udaya Kumar , M. Siddappa
Cloud computing is the way of computing, where all the computing resources are available as a service over the internet based on requirements of the users. Virtualization is the concept which plays very important role in reducing the cost of investment and increases utilization and allows multi-tenancy. This concept helps to create virtual resources out of existing physical resources. When the virtual resources are created, they may face the problems due to various reasons and may not work properly. Providing the protection to these virtual resources and make them to work without any problem is the important. Here we introduce an approach called duplication method which allows the users to create more number of same virtual resources, so that if one of the resources fail due to some reason, users may have some more same resources to continue without disturbing their work and provide the security at different levels to make Virtual resources secure.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 482-488
Publish at: 2017-05-01

An Improved Boltzmann Machine for Strategic Investment Planning in Power System Environment

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp259-267
S. H. M. Tahar , S. B. Yaakob , A. Ahmed
The objective of this research is to propose an effective method to determine an optimal solution for strategic investment planning in power system environment. The proposed method will be formulated by using mean-variance analysis approach in the form of mixed-integer quadratic programming problem. Its target is to minimize the risk and maximize the expected return. The proposed method consists of two phase neural networks combining Hopfield network at the first phase and Boltzmann machine in the second phase resulting the fast computational time. The originality of the proposed model is it will delete the unit of the second phase, which is not selected in first phase in its execution. Then, the second phase is restructured using the selected units. Due to this feature, the proposed model will improve times and the accuracy of obtained solution. The significance of output from this project is the improvement of computational time and the accurate solution will be obtained. This model might help the decision makers to choose the optimal solution with variety options provided from this proposed method. Therefore, the performance of strategic investment planning in power system engineering certainly enhanced.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 259-267
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Comparison of Flying Capacitor Fifteen Level Inverter and Thirty Three Level Inverter PWM Control Strategies

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp368-378
Farouk Hadj Benali , Fouad Azzouz
In the paper two PWM control strategies of multilevel flying capacitor inverter is proposed. The study starts with a presentation of the Flying capacitor inverter and the two PWM control strategies (SPWM and Suboptimal PWM). Than a section which presents a brief recall of the triangular multicarrier PWM and the sinusoidal multicarrier PWM. A comparison between the two PWM control strategies based on the simulation results is made. The subjects of comparison are the root mean square rms of the output voltage and the total harmonic distortion THD. The obtained results have proved that the Suboptimal PWM is better than the SPWM. Simulations are carried out by PSIM program.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 368-378
Publish at: 2017-05-01

Generation of Electricity by Vibrating Piezoelectric Crystal in Staircases

10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp219-224
Pankaj Aswal , Suyash Kumar Singh , Gayatri Sharma , Pooja Bisht , Shatakshi Singh
A number of renewable or non-renewable sources of energy present these days are not able to meet our need of power. The need of power is increasing day by day as the population is increasing so we are finding different ways to generate power. In this paper we are generating power by walking on the stairs and the power which is generated can be stored for the further use. We can use this system in malls, homes, schools, companies, college, metro etc. When the group of people walk on these stairs, power is generated by the continuous movement of the persons. Here mechanical power is converted into electrical power. The power which is generated can be used to charge mobile.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 219-224
Publish at: 2017-05-01
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