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Long Reach and High Capacity Hybrid Passive Optical Network

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp891-897
Subhashini N , Brintha Therese A
A number of applications are growing day by day and so the traffic. The need for bandwidth is also increasing at a rapid rate. The bandwidth and speed with which data can be transferred was very less when compared to core networks. The access network which was once a bottleneck is no longer so because of use of optic fiber (FTTH networks). A number of variants of Passive Optical Network (PON) have been proposed like the WDM PON and the Hybrid PON. Hybrid PON is a combination of TDM PON and WDM PON and is advantageous over WDMPON. This paper focuses on high capacity networks that can provide high data rate and long reach in the access part of the network. NRZ modulation format is normally used for transmission.  We consider the advantages provided by the advanced modulation formats like DPSK. This modulation format is used to here and its benefits are evaluated in Hybrid PON network to increase the capacity and the reach of the network. Parameters like the BER and the Q factors are analysed using Optisystem Software. Distortion and the phenomena of dispersion can limit the performance of such a system. Hence Dispersion compensation mechanisms like the Dispersion Compensation Fiber (DCF) are used in the system to transmit data over large distance.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 891-897
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Knowledge-Attitudes-Practices about Malaria among Communities in Southern Benin

10.11591/ijphs.v7i3.14395
Germain Gil Padonou , Judith G. Gbenoudon , Razaki Osse , Albert Salako , Casimir Kpanou , Herman Sagbohan , Virgile Gnanguenon , Frederick Oke Agbo , Olivier Oussou , Martin Codjo Akogbeto
Malaria still remains the main public health problem in Benin. We explored the determinants that influenced malaria treatment as well as protective behaviors, to generate a framework of useful ideas as alternative strategies against malaria. A cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) was conducted at Hozin, Vakon and Agblangandan districts in southern region of Benin. Descriptive statistics were computed and mixed logistic regression helped evaluating the relationship between frequency of each category of severity of malaria and sex group, educational level, treatment, means of self-protection against mosquitoes and identification of the cause of malaria. A significant proportion 750 (81.3%) (p<0.001) of participants stated that malaria was caused by mosquitoes. The respondents who mentioned sun as the cause of malaria, have trivialized more malaria in a proportion of about 59.30% (OR=2.67 [95% CI 1.61-4.44]) followed by those who have reported the cause of body weakness (43.68%) (OR=2.97 [95% CI 1.68-5.28]). Poor knowledge justifies the trivialization of the disease and poor management of malaria control means. National Malaria Control Programs should improve access to education, especially for women and could help improving prevention and control behaviours against malaria in communities.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 186-193
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Forecasting Drought Using Modified Empirical Wavelet Transform-ARIMA with Fuzzy C-Means Clustering

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1152-1161
Muhammad Akram Shaari , Ruhaidah Samsudin , Ani Shabri Ilman
Drought forecasting is important in preparing for drought and its mitigation plan. This study focuses on the investigating the performance of Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT)-ARIMA based on clustering analysis in forecasting drought using Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Daily rainfall data from Arau, Perlis from 1956 to 2008 was used in this study. SPI data of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months were then calculated using the rainfall data. EWT is employed to decompose the time series into several finite modes. The EWT is used to create Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF) which are used to create ARIMA models. Fuzzy c-means clustering is used on the instantaneous frequency given by Hilbert Transform of the IMF to create several clusters. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the methods in accurately forecasting drought in Arau, Malaysia. It was found that the proposed model performed better compared to ARIMA and EWT-ARIMA.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 1152-1161
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Novel Zeta Converter With Multi Level Inverter Connected To Grid

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp814-820
Suresh P
The usage of multilevel inverter has increased in a drastic manner for the past years. These novel  inverters are useful in various mega power applications. As they are have the ability to change the output waveforms, they are having good harmonic distortions and better output results. This work proposes a novel five level asymmetrical  inverter which is incorporated with the zeta converter. Comparison is made with the existing multilevel inverter with the proposed system. The simulation results give the proposed system has less THD[1] when compared to the existing inverters. The main objective is that the number of switches and capacitors are reduced which in turn reduces the loss and the cost. From the output results is has been proved that the proposed topology gives reduced loss and high quality output when compared with the conventional methods.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 814-820
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Quality of Care Received by Children from 1 to 23 Months: Realities in The City of Antananarivo

10.11591/ijphs.v7i3.14066
Fidiniaina Mamy Randriatsarafara , Domoina Zafindrasoa Rakotovao-Ravahatra , Lantonirina Ravaoarisoa , Ando Faramalalatiana Rafanomezantsoa , Jean De Dieu Marie Rakotomanga , Vahiniarison Dieudonné Randrianarimanana
Children's health depends on the proper care they receive from their mothers. This study aims to describe the quality of care received by children from 1 to 23 months in the city of Antananarivo. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study for a period from December 2016 to April 2017 in the city of Antananarivo which is the capital of Madagascar. The study population was made up of 420 mother-child dyads living in the city of Antananarivo. Regarding the care received by children, 47.6%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [42.8–52.4] benefit from quality nutrition care, 92.3%, 95% CI [89.8-94.8], have a social care and 45.5%, 95% CI [40.9–50.5] receive health care. The hygiene of life 66.4%, 95% CI [61.6–70.6] and the body hygiene 35.3%, 95% CI [30.6–39.8] improve as the child grows up. The care received by children was complete for the five types in 7.6%, 95% CI [5.1–10.1].  With regard to the profile of the mother, mothers under the age of 18 (OR=3.25, 95% CI [1.07-9.46]) and those who are single (OR=3.47, 95% CI [1.24-9.35]) offer more acceptable care to their infants. Infant care depends on the socio-economic and demographic profile of the mother. Thus, it is important to strengthen the communication strategy on infant first aid gestures and mothers' education on childcare.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 157-161
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Survey On The Role Of IoT In Intelligent Transportation System

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp936-941
Varun Chand H , Karthikeyan J
Precise and appropriate traffic related data allows travellers to choose suitable travelling modes, travelling paths, and departure time, which is crucial for the success of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). With the growth of vehicles, the rate of pollution and consumption of fuel has increased, it also creates traffic congestions. For the recent years there has been a rapid growth in technology, which can be explored to solve traffic issues. However, depending upon the available technologies each countries ITS research area may be different. The objective of this literature review is to integrate ITS with internet of things and it also discusses the prospect of clustering, controller system, location identification and resource privacy in ITS.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 936-941
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Comparative Analysis of SRAAA, SDSR, SAODV Routing Protocol for Video Streaming in MANET

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1075-1082
V.J. Chakravarthy
The most challenging concern in MANET is video streaming and it essentially exaggerated by these important factors such as fading, node mobility, interference, topology on change in dynamic, collusion, shadowing in multi-path etc. One of the very attractive and considered for many applications is Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET).Routing Protocol is most significant element which is considered as the MANET. Though, the quite demanding task is video streaming over MANET. This paper have been investigated the analysis of routing protocols over MANET for video streaming. The comparison of the three routing protocols are Secure Dynamic Source Routing (SDSR), Secure Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (SAODV) and secured Right angled and Ant search routing Protocol (SRAAA) on the basis of various performance metrics such as Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Delay, Packet Delivery Fraction (PDF), Energy Consumption, Link Failure and Packet Drop has been obtainable in this paper for supporting video streaming applications. Based on the compared stimulated results concluded that SRAAA routing protocol is comparatively better in performance of all metrics than the SAODV and SDSR routing protocols.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 1075-1082
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Performance Improvement of MIMO-OSTBC System with BCH-TURBO Code In Rayleigh Fading Channel

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp898-907
SOFI Naima , FATIMA Debbat , Fethi Tarik Bendimerad
Recently, OSTBCs has become a widespread technique for signal transmission over wireless channels because of their diversity gain, but there are not designed to achieve an additional coding gain. Hence, OSTBCs must be concatenated with an external code which allows a significant coding gain.FEC (forward error correction) is a technique used for detecting and possibly correcting errors that can occur when messages are transmitted through a digital communication system, also for rendering the information more reliable. Thus, with staffing these coding techniques that are able to reach Shannon limits, in  MIMO systems, better performances can be achieved by taking advantages of  diversity and coding gains. The objective of this paper is to compare different FEC codes in Rayleigh fading channel and propose an appropriate code for MIMO-OSTBC systems. The simulation results reveal the performance of the proposed model
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 898-907
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Cube Arithmetic: Improving Euler Method for Ordinary Differential Equation using Cube Mean

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1109-1113
Nooraida Samsudin , Nurhafizah Moziyana Mohd Yusop , Syahrul Fahmy , Anis Shahida Niza binti Mokhtar
The Euler method is a first-order numerical procedure for solving Ordinary Differential Equation (ODEs) problems. It is an effective and easy method to solve initial value problems. Although Euler provides simple procedure for solving ODEs, there have been issues such as complexity, time of processing and accuracy that compelled the use of other, more complex, methods. Improvements to the Euler method have attracted much attention resulting in numerous modified Euler methods. This paper proposes Cube Arithmetic, a modified Euler method with improved accuracy. The efficiency of Cube Arithmetic was compared with Euler Arithmetic and tested using SCILAB against exact solutions. Results indicate that not only Cube Arithmetic provided solutions that are similar to exact solutions at small step size, but also at higher step size, hence producing more accurate results.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 1109-1113
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Design Process to Reduce Production Cycle Time in Product Development

10.11591/ijai.v7.i3.pp125-129
Mahesh Mallampati , Kolla Srivinivas , Tirumala Krishna. M
In today’s business climate, the old adage “time is money” has been expanded to mean that time is competitive weapon. Today customer’s demands are quick delivery and good quality at reasonable price. When entering the global market the companies encounter several difficulties, the most important one being excessive time for new product development. Thus to perform in a global market, short lead times are essential to provide customer satisfaction. Lead time in manufacturer point of view is the time elapse between placing of an order and the receipt of goods ordered. There are various components of lead time such as setup time, process time, move time and waiting time. This paper deals with review of various tools and techniques to reduce lead time. This problem can be solved by transition from sequential engineering to concurrent engineering, A survey of published works in the field of designing teams in big companies has revealed that in big companies a three-level team structure is recommended, as well as a workgroup, consisting of four basic teams. Method study techniques use to examine current way of work and develop effective method base on elimination, combining, changing and simplification of activities. Various lean tools such as Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED), 5S, Poka-yoke, Kanban, Just-in-time (JIT), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Jidoka, Cellular manufacturing etc. helps in reducing lead time. Also Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII), Theory of Constraints (TOC) classic approaches of Production Planning and Control (PPC) are use to reduce Work in Process (WIP) and flow time.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page: 125-129
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Comparative Performance of Machine Learning Algorithms for Cryptocurrency Forecasting

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1121-1128
Nor Azizah Hitam , Amelia Ritahani Ismail
Machine Learning is part of Artificial Intelligence that has the ability to make future forecastings based on the previous experience. Methods has been proposed to construct models including machine learning algorithms such as Neural Networks (NN), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Deep Learning. This paper presents a comparative performance of Machine Learning algorithms for cryptocurrency forecasting. Specifically, this paper concentrates on forecasting of time series data. SVM has several advantages over the other models in forecasting, and previous research revealed that SVM provides a result that is almost or close to actual result yet also improve the accuracy of the result itself. However, recent research has showed that due to small range of samples and data manipulation by inadequate evidence and professional analyzers, overall status and accuracy rate of the forecasting needs to be improved in further studies. Thus, advanced research on the accuracy rate of the forecasted price has to be done.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 1121-1128
Publish at: 2018-09-01

A New Adaptive Anti-windup Controller for Wind Energy Conversion System Based on PMSG

10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp1321-1329
Ed-dahmani Chafik , Mahmoudi Hassane , Bakouri Anass , El Azzaoui Marouane
In this paper, an adaptive anti-windup control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous generator dedicated for wind energy conversion systems. The proposed control has the advantage to suppress the performance deterioration caused by the overshooting phenomenon, and optimize the controller gains using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The scheme of the speed controller is implemented on field orientation control in the generator side converter. A simulation of the proposed scheme is carried out in SIMULINK-MATLAB in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the control against the saturation and the parameter optimization.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1321-1329
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Adaptive Controllers for Enhancement of Stand-Alone Hybrid System Performance

10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp979-986
Yew Weng Kean , Agileswari Ramasamy , Shivashankar Sukumar , Marayati Marsadek
This paper presents a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system (SHRES) consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) and battery energy storage (BES) in an effort reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. The renewable energy sources have individual inverters and the PV inverter of the SHRES is operated using active and reactive power control. The PV inverter have two main control structures which are active power control and reactive power control and each contain a proportional integral (PI) controller. Accurate control of the PV inverter’s active power is essential for PV curtailment applications. Thus, this paper aims to enhance the performance of the SHRES in this work by optimizing the performance of the PV inverter’s active power PI controller parameters through the design of adaptive controllers. Therefore, an adaptive controller and an optimized adaptive controller are proposed in this paper. The performances of the proposed controllers are evaluated by minimizing the objective function which is the integral of the time weighted absolute error (ITAE) criterion and this performance is then compared with a controller that is tuned by the traditional trial and error method. Simulation results showed that the optimized adaptive controller is better as it recorded an error improvement of 42.59%. The dynamic optimized adaptive controller is more adept at handling the fast changes of the SHRES operation.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 979-986
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Comparison between Fuzzy Logic and PI Control for The Speed Of BLDC Motor

10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp1116-1123
Akram H. Ahmed , Abd El Samie B. Kotb , Ayman M. Ali
In this paper the analytical comparison of brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive with proportional integral (PI) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based speed controllers is estimated. Proportional integral (PI) has disadvantages like it do not operate properly when the system has a high degree of load disturbances. In recent years, the application of fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for high dynamic performance of motor drives has become an important tool. FLC is a good for load disturbances and can be easily implemented. The modeling and simulation of both the speed controllers have been made by MATLAB/SIMULINK. The dynamic characteristics of the BLDC motor (speed and torque) response, obtained under PI and Fuzzy logic based speed controller, are compared for various operating condition.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 1116-1123
Publish at: 2018-09-01

Location of Eyes in Images of Human Faces through Analysis Variance Shine Intensity

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp949-953
Hussein Ali Alhamzawi
Extraction of facial features is an important step in automatic visual interpretation and recognition of human faces. Among the facial features, the eyes play a major role in the recognition process. In this article, we present an approach to detect and locate the eyes in frontal face images. Eye regions are identified using the technique of voucher detection based on mathematical morphology. After this identification is made a comparison between the variances of three different portions of each candidate region to eye (set of pixels belonging to the candidate region as a whole, set of pixels contained in a minimum rectangle circumscribed to the candidate region and set of pixels of the candidate region belonging to a horizontal band that crosses the center of mass of this region). The calculation of these variances also considers the R, G, and B channels, as well as the gray version of the input image.
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Page: 949-953
Publish at: 2018-09-01
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