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28,296 Article Results

Trust-Based Privacy for Internet of Things

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2396-2402
Vera Suryani , Selo Sulistyo , Widyawan Widyawan
Internet of Things or widely known as IOT makes smart objects become active participants in the communication process between objects and their environment. IoT services that utilize Internet connection require solutions to a new problem: security and privacy. Smart objects and machine-to-machine communications in IOT now become interesting research, including that related to security. Privacy, which is a safe condition in which object is free from interference from other objects, is one of the important aspects in IOT. Privacy can be implemented using various ways for examples by applying encryption algorithms, restrictions on access to data or users, as well as implementing rules or specific policy. Trustable object selection is one technique to improve privacy. The process of selecting a trustable object can be done based on past activities or trust history of the object, also by applying a threshold value to determine whether an object is "trusted" or not. Some researchers have studied this approach. In this study, the selection processes of trustable objects are calculated using Modified Ant Colony algorithm. The simulation was performed and resulted in declining graphic trend but stabilized in certain trust value.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2396-2402
Publish at: 2016-10-01

EETA: An Energy Efficient Transmission Alignment for Wireless Sensor Network Applications

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2345-2351
Sangsoon Lim , Hayoung Oh
Energy conserving MAC protocols performing adaptive duty-cycling mechanism have been widely studied to improve the energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In particular, several asynchronous Low Power Listening (LPL) MAC protocols such as B-MAC, X-MAC and ContikiMAC transmit a long preamble or consecutive data packets for an efficient rendezvous between senders and receivers. However, the rendezvous results in the challenging problem of unnecessary channel utilization since the senders occupy a large portion of the medium. Furthermore, when a traffic generation time overlaps with other neighbouring nodes, they frequently encounter spatially-correlated contention incurring excessive channel contention. In this paper, we propose a novel traffic distribution scheme called an Energy Efficient Transmission Alignment (EETA), that shifts a traffic generation time of the application layer. By using a MAC layer feedback including contention information, the cross-layer framework determines whether the node delays its transmission or not. EETA is robust from the heavy contending environment due to its traffic distribution feature. We evaluate the performance of EETA through diverse experiments on the TelosB platform. The results show that EETA improves the overall energy efficiency by up to 35%, and reduces the latency by up to 48% compared to the existing scheme.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2345-2351
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Emotional Facial Expression Based On Action Units and Facial Muscle

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2478-2487
Ahmad Hoirul Basori , Hani Moaiteq Abdullah AlJahdali
The virtual human play vital roles in virtual reality and game. The process of Enriching the virtual human through their expression is one of the aspect that most researcher studied and improved. This study aims to demonstrate the combination of facial action units (FACS) and facial muscle to produce a realistic facial expression. The result of experiment succeed on producing particular expression such as anger, happy, sad which are able to convey the emotional state of the virtual human. This achievement is believed to bring full mental immersion towards virtual human and audience. The future works will able to generate a complex virtual human expression that combine physical factos such as wrinkle, fluid dynamics for tears or sweating.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2478-2487
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Power-Flow Development Based on the Modified Backward-Forward for Voltage Profile Improvement of Distribution System

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2005-2014
Suyanto Suyanto , Citra Rahmadhani , Ontoseno Penangsang , Adi Soeprijanto
Unbalanced three-phase radial distribution system has a complex problem in power system. It has many branches and it is sometimes voltage profile’s not stable at every end branches. For improvement of voltage profile, it can be performed by penetrating of a distributed generation models. Information of voltage profile can be gained by study of power flow.  The Modified Backward-Forward is one of the most widely used methods of development of power flow and has been extensively used for voltage profile analysis. In this paper, a study of power flow based on the Modified Backward-Forward method was used to capture the complexities of unbalanced three phase radial distribution system in the 20 kV distribution network in North Surabaya city, East Java, Indonesia within considering distributed generation models. In summary, for the informants in this study, the Modified Backward-Forward method has had quickly convergence and it’s just needed 3 to 5 iteration of power flow simulation which’s compared to other power flow development methods. Distributed Generation models in the modified the modified 34 BUS IEEE system and 20 kV distribution network has gained voltage profile value on limited range. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this development is that the Modified Backward-Forward method has average of error voltage about 0.0017 % to 0.1749%.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2005-2014
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Adaptive Speech Compression Based on Discrete Wave Atoms Transform

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2150-2157
Bousselmi Souha , Aloui Nouredine , Cherif Adnane
This paper proposes a new adaptive speech compression system based on discrete wave atoms transform. First, the signal is decomposed on wave atoms, then wave atom coefficients are truncated using a new adaptive thresholding which depends on the SNR estimation. The thresholded coefficients are quantized using Max Lloyd scalar quantizer. Besides, they are encoded using zero run length encoding followed by Huffman coding. Numerous simulations are performed to prove the robustness of our approach. The results of current work are compared with wavelet based compression by using objective criteria, namely CR, SNR, PSNR and NRMSE. This study shows that the wave atoms transform is more appropriate than wavelets transform since it offers a higher compression ratio and a better speech quality.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2150-2157
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Single Perceptron Model for Smart Beam forming in Array Antennas

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2300-2309
K.S. Senthilkumar , K. Pirapaharan , P.R.P Hoole , R.R.H Hoole
In this paper, a single neuron neural network beamformer is proposed. A perceptron model is designed to optimize the complex weights of a dipole array antenna to steer the beam to desired directions. The objective is to reduce the complexity by using a single neuron neural network and utilize it for adaptive beamforming in array antennas. The selection of nonlinear activation function plays the pivotal role in optimization depends on whether the weights are real or complex. We have appropriately proposed two types of activation functions for respective real and complex weight values.   The optimized radiation patterns obtained from the single neuron neural network are compared with the respective optimized radiation patterns from the traditional Least Mean Square (LMS) method. Matlab is used to optimize the weights in neural network and LMS method as well as display the radiation patterns.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2300-2309
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Insight on Effectiveness of Frequently Exercised PQ Classification Techniques

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2437-2446
BDevi Vighneshwari , R. Neela
The growing demands of global consumer market in green energy system have opened the doors for many technologies as well as various sophisticated electrical devices for both commercial and domestic usage. However, with the increasing demands of energy and better quality of services, there is a significant increase in non-linearity in load distribution causing potential effect on the Power Quality (PQ). The harmful effects on PQ are various events e.g. sag, swell, harmonics etc that causes significant amount of system degradation. Therefore, this paper discusses various significant research techniques pertaining to the PQ disturbance classification system introduced by the authors in the past and analyzes its effectiveness scale in terms of research gap. The paper discusses some of the frequently exercised PQ classification techniques from the most relevant literatures in order to have more insights of the techniques.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2437-2446
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Optimization of Discrete Cosine Transform-Based Image Watermarking by Genetics Algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i1.pp91-103
Iwan Iwut , Gelar Budiman , Ledya Novamizanti
data in an image file is needed by its owner to set his ownership in a logo as a watermark embedded in the image file. Hiding the logo in the image was done in several methods. One of the method is domain transform using 2D-DCT in which data is embedded in  frequency domain of the image. First, the host RGB image is converted to certain color space. The available and chosen color spaces are RGB, YCbCr or NTSC. The layer in which the watermark is embedded also can be selected. The available choices are 1st layer, 2nd layer, 3rd layer, 1st & 2nd layer, 2nd & 3rd  layer, 1st & 3rd layer and all layers.  After the selected layer of image in certain color space is transformed in block based to frequency domain by DCT, one bit watermark is embedded on the AC coefficient of each block such a way that the bit is represented by specific value called delta in a zigzag and vary length of pixel. The vary parameters optimized by Genetics Algorithm are  selected color space, selected layer, block size, length of pixel to be embedded by one bit watermark, and delta. Bit “1” is represented by +delta, and bit “0” is represented by –delta in vary length of pixel after zigzag. The simulation result performs that GA is useful to search the value of parameter that produces controllable the combination between robustness, invisibility and capacity. Thus, GA improves the  method by determining the exact value of parameter achieving BER, PSNR and payload.  
Volume: 4
Issue: 1
Page: 91-103
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Investigation and Analysis of Space Vector Modulation with Matrix Converter Determined Based on Fuzzy C-Means Tuned Modulation Indexs

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp1939-1947
Ch. Amarendra , K. Harinadh Reddy
Matrix converter performs energy conversion by directly connecting input phases with output phases through bidirectional switches. Conventional power converters make use of bulky reactive elements which are subjected to ageing, reduce the system reliability. The matrix converter (MC) stands as an alternative to conventional power converter. Furthermore MC’s provide bidirectional power flow nearly sinusoidal input and sinusoidal output waveform and controllable input power factor. In this work, three modulation methods have been simulated using MATLAB and compared on the basis of input current harmonics, output voltage harmonics and number of switching per cycle.  The three techniques simulated are, Optimal Venturini method, Direct Space Vector Modulation (DSVM) and Indirect Space Vector Modulation (ISVM) on Conventional Matrix Converter (CMC) and obtained form Fuzzy c-Means (FCM).  DSVM with FCM is proposed for obtainting best results compared to other three techniques.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 1939-1947
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Sliding-Mode Controller Based on Fractional Order Calculus for a Class of Nonlinear Systems

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2239-2250
Noureddine Bouarroudj , Djamel Boukhetala , Fares Boudjema
This  paper  presents  a  new  approach  of  fractional  order  sliding  mode controllers  (FOSMC)  for  a  class  of  nonlinear  systems  which  have  a  single input and two outputs (SITO). Firstly, two fractional order sliding surfaces S1 and S2 were proposed with an intermediate variable z transferred from S2 to S1 in order to hierarchy the two sliding surfaces. Secondly, a control law was determined  in  order  to  control  the  two  outputs.  A  sliding  control  stability condition  was  obtained  by  using  the  properties  of  the  fractional  order calculus.  Finally,  the  effectiveness  and  robustness  of  the  proposed  approach  were demonstrated by comparing its performance with the one of the conventional sliding mode controller (SMC), which is based on integer order derivatives. Simulation results were provided for the cases of controlling a ball-beam and inverted pendulum systems.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2239-2250
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Investigation on the Services of Private Cloud Computing by Using ADAM Method

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2387-2395
Nur Widiyasono , Imam Riadi , Ahmad Luthfie
Cloud services are offered by many cloud service providers, but in for large companies generally are build  by a private cloud computing. In cloud systems of abuse it can be done by internal users or due to misconfiguration or may also refer to weaknesses in the system. This study evaluated the ADAM method (Advanced Data Acquisition Model) and tested the case schemes which are being carried out in the laboratory simulation of the process in order to obtain forensic evidence of digital data on private cloud computing services. Referring to the results of the investigation process by using ADAM Method, it can be verified that there are several parameters of the success investigation including the structure of files, files, time stamp, mac-address, IP address, username password, and the data from a server both from the desktop PC or smartphone, therefore the investigation by using ADAM can be succesed properly and correctly. Another contribution of this study was to identify the weaknesses of the service system that used owncloud in users list of the the same group can change another’s user’s passwod.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2387-2395
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Decomposition-Coordinating Method for Parallel Solution of a Multi-area Combined Economic Emission Dispatch Problem

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2048-2063
Senthil Krishnamurthy , Raynitchka Tzoneva
Multi-area Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (MACEED) problem is an optimization task in power system operation for allocating the amount of generation to the committed units within the system areas. Its objective is to minimize the fuel cost and the quantity of emissions subject to the power balance, generator limits, transmission line and tie-line constraints. The solutions of the MACEED problem in the conditions of deregulation are difficult, due to the model size, nonlinearities, and the big number of interconnections, and require intensive computations in real-time. High-Performance Computing (HPC) gives possibilities for the reduction of the problem complexity and the time for calculation by the use of parallel processing techniques for running advanced application programs efficiently, reliably and quickly. These applications are considered as very new in the power system control centers because there are not available optimization methods and software based on them that can solve the MACEED problem in parallel, paying attention to the existence of the power system areas and the tie-lines between them. A decomposition-coordinating method based on Lagrange’s function is developed in this paper. Investigations of the performance of the method are done using IEEE benchmark power system models.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2048-2063
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) Based Denoising Method for Heart Sound Signal and Its Performance Analysis

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2197-2204
Amy Hamidah Salman , Nur Ahmadi , Richard Mengko , Armein Z. R. Langi , Tati L. R. Mengko
In this paper, a denoising method for heart sound signal based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is proposed. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, extensive simulations are performed using synthetic normal and abnormal heart sound data corrupted with white, colored, exponential and alpha-stable noise under different SNR input values. The performance is evaluated in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), root mean square error (RMSE), and percent root mean square difference (PRD), and compared with wavelet transform (WT) and total variation (TV) denoising methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms two other methods in removing three types of noises.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2197-2204
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Adaptive Adjustment of PSO Coefficients Taking the Notion from the Bee Behavior in Collecting Nectar

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp2470-2477
Abbas Fadavi , Karim Faez , Zeinab Famili
In particle swarm optimization, a set of particles move towards the global optimum point according to their experience and experience of other particles. Parameters such as particle rate, particle best experience, the best experience of all the particles and particle current position are used to determine the next position of each particle. Certain relationships received the input parameters and determined the next position of each particle. In this article, the relationships are accurately assessed and the amount of the effect of input parameters is horizontally set. To set coefficients adaptively, the notion is taken from bee behavior in collecting nectar. This method was implemented on software and examined in the standard search environments. The obtained results indicate the efficiency of this method in increasing the rate of convergence of particles towards the global optimum.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 2470-2477
Publish at: 2016-10-01

Five-Phase Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor Fed by Fault Tolerant Five Phase Voltage Source Inverter

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.pp1994-2004
Hichem Kesraoui , Hamdi Echeikh , Atif Iqbal , Med Faouzi Mimouni
Multiphase machines have gained attention in numerous fields of pplications such as Aircraft, ship propulsion, petrochemical and automobiles, where high reliability is required. The additional number of phases guarantees that the system continues to operate in faulty conditions compared to the traditional three-phase machine due to the high degree of freedom. Among faults able to affect multiphase system, break between a machine phase and the voltage source inverter (VSI) degrade the performance of the control. In this paper, a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is fed through a fault tolerant voltage source inverter with new structure to ensure drive continuity when open circuit occurs. The five phase PMSM is controlled with fuzzy logic regulator to minimize disturbance impact that can arise fault condition. Paper is accomplished with real time simulations using MATLAB-Simulink in order to validate the new topology and show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Volume: 6
Issue: 5
Page: 1994-2004
Publish at: 2016-10-01
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