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31,128 Article Results

Effects of Inter-Element Spacing and Number of Elements on Planar Array Antenna Characteristics

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp230-240
Noor Hidayah Muhamad Adnan , Islam Md. Rafiqul , AHM Zahirul Alam
Planar array antenna is seen as one of the innovative solutions of massive MIMO and 5G networks since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array antenna with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray was proposed. Then, array factor for the the planar array antenna with up to 64 antenna elements was calculated to analyze the effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on the antenna characteristics. Higher values of inter-element spacing contributed to higher number of side lobes, narrower main lobe, higher directivity and lower half power beamwidth (HPBW). Inter-element spacing equals to 0.5λ was found to be the most suitable value for planar array antenna design based on the analysis. Meanwhile, higher number of antenna elements increased the value of directivity of the planar array with narrower HPBW. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between directivity and HPBW in designing planar array antenna for massive MIMO application.        
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 230-240
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Face Recognition in the Scrambled Domain Using MK-RDA and ANN

10.11591/ijict.v7i1.pp16-23
Kavita Kadam , C.R Jadhav
Facial look identity is a vital mission by means of human-interacting structures that goal to be aware of versions within the human’s emotional state. the principle challenge or the crucial part in surveillance society is the privacy-shielding era. because the rapid improvement in the internet international it turns into very essential to scramble the pics in the video or files for the duration of transmission. in this the biometric identity of photographs or faces from scrambled pictures plays a completely tough mission. Numbers of various technology are carried out to provide privateness for the duration of surveillance or during transmission of video however they're lack of essential traits, like reversibility or visible fine maintenance. in lots of scrambling methods the faces are covered by a few animation which may additionally or may not cover all faces or it receives hard to recover pics from this technique. Many guide method also are us used by which we will unscramble an photo but they are no longer powerful that a good deal. to overcome all this matters we proposed a novel approach- Many-Kernel Random Discriminate analysis (MK-RDA) to find out discriminative patterns from chaotic indicators. structures get better accuracy bring about best photos. To PIE and ORL datasets has getting above ninety% accuracy.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 16-23
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Kalman Filter Estimation of Impedance Parameters for Medium Transmission Line

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.9026
Siti Nur Aishah; Universiti Malaysia Pahangs Mohd Amin , Hamzah; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Ahmad , Mohd Rusllim; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Mohamed , Mohd Mawardi; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Saari , Omar; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Aliman
Accurate knowledge of impedance parameters in transmission line helps to improve the system efficiency and performance. Nowadays, the estimation of impedance parameters in transmission line has become possible with the availability of computational method. This paper aims to develop Kalman filter model by using Matlab simulink to estimate accurate values of resistance (R), reactance (X), and susceptance (B) in medium transmission line. The accuracy of the parameters can be improved by reducing the unknown errors in the system. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the Kalman filter method, a case study of simulated medium transmission line is presented and comparison between Kalman Filter (KF) and Linear Least Square (LLS) method is also considered to evaluate their performances.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 900-908
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Miniaturization of Broadband Wilkinson Power Dividers

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp241-247
Nadera Najib , Kok Yeow You , Chia Yew Lee , Mohamad Ngasri Dimon , Nor Hisham Khamis
This paper proposed three modified Wilkinson power dividers in order to achieve a size reduction and a wide bandwidth. The first structure presented the power divider using compact folded step impedance transmission lines rather than the uniform microstrip line design for operating center frequency of 3 GHz. The second structure showed the power divider with delta-stub for 2.4 GHz. Finally, the third modified structure introduced the two-section Wilkinson power divider using series-delta stub for center frequency of 2.4 GHz as well. The study managed to get an overall dimension of 15 mm × 9.5 mm for the first proposed design achieving a reduction of 75.6 % and fractional bandwidth of 133 %. For the second proposed structure, the size was 15 mm × 15 mm with a reduction of 56 % and fractional bandwidth of 56 %.  While the third design size was 17 mm × 15 mm with a reduction of 63.6 % and the structure achieved a broadband bandwidth with fractional bandwidth of 220 %.  The proposed power dividers used RT/duroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.38 mm. Simulation and measurement results indicated that the modified power dividers showed equal power division, good phase balance, high isolation between output ports, and good return loss better than -12 dB covering the operating frequency range.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 241-247
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Efficient Encryption Technique for H.264/AVC Videos Based on CABAC and Logistic Map

10.11591/ijict.v7i1.pp39-48
Fatma K Tabash , M. Izharuddin
Nowadays, the demands of real-time video communication are increased rapidly. Search and rescue(SAR) applications like earthquake rescue, avalanche victims, wildfire monitoring in addition to highway surveillance are considered examples of real-time applications. In which, communication time is considered the most important metric to be optimized to ensure support for victims’ lives. Thus finding a simple and time efficient encryption technique for securing the transmitted data become mandatory. In this paper, we present an efficient encryption technique which has low computation complexity, low processing time and highly chaotic encrypted videos. The proposed technique is based on CABAC where the bin-string of Intra-Prediction Mode is encrypted with chaotic signals and the sign of MVD is toggled randomly. For residue coefficients the sign of the AC coefficients are flipped randomly and the first value of DC coefficients is encrypted by XORing the bin-string with random stream. All random streams are generated with chaotic systems using Logistic map. The experimental results shows that the proposed technique is highly effective for real-time application and robust against different types of attacks.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 39-48
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Design of Negative Resistance Oscillator with Rocord Low Phase Noise

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.6999
Ayoub; University Complex Malki , Jamal; University Complex Zbitou , Larbi; University Complex El Abdellaoui , Mohamed; Microwave group ESEO Angers Latrach , Abdelali; University Complex Tajmouati , Ahmed; University Complex Errkik
The aim of this paper is to use a new design of a negative resistance microwave oscillator in order to fabricate oscillator with very good performance in terms of output power, efficiency, stability and phase noise. In this study the new concept of oscillator using distributed resonator and micro-strip circuit elements improve performances of our structure. A micro-strip microwave oscillator with low phase noise based on an NPN silicon planar epitaxial transistor has been designed, fabricated, and characterized. In this design, each step has been conducted by using Advanced Design System (ADS) and following a theoretical study which enable to optimize the different performances of the whole circuit. The oscillator produce a sinusoidal signal with spectrum power of 12.25 dBm at 2.45 GHz into 50 Ω load when polarized at Vcc=15V with DC to RF efficiency of 16. The obtained phase noise of -120 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz offset is the result of the use of high Q factor resonator and the depth study of the parameters of the oscillator. Simulation and measurement results are in good agreement.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 586-593
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Power Efficient Clock Distribuition for Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converters

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp27-36
A. S. R. Murthy , Sridhar T.
In various VLSI based digital systems, on-chip interconnects have become the system bottleneck in state-of-the-art chips, limiting the performance of high-speed clock distributions and data communication devices in terms of propagation delay and power consumption. Increasing power requirements and power distribution to multi-core architectures is also posing a challenge to power distribution networks in the integrated circuits. Clock distribution networks for the switched capacitor converters becomes a non-trivial task and the increased interconnect lengths cause clock degradation and power dissipation. Therefore, this paper introduce low swing signaling schemes to decrease delay and power consumption. A comparative study presented of low voltage signaling schemes in terms of delay, power consumption and power delay product. Here, we have presented a power efficient signaling topology for driving the clocks to higher interconnect lengths.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 27-36
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Implementation of Controlled Robot for Fire Detection and Extinguish to Closed Areas Based on Arduino

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.8197
Ihsan A.; Al-Esra'a University Taha , Hamzah M.; Al-Esra'a University Marhoon
The wireless control systems are taking a special importance in the recent years, where the wireless control system provide several advantages; including the disposal of the using wire and periodic maintenance of data transmission wires, in the science of robot wireless control unit is the main part of the fire treatment and extinguish robot system. The lives of firefighters exposed to the risk of death and Rima, therefore the use of remote control systems more secure is necessary. In this, paper a fire-extinguish robot used for extinguishing the fire in general and in treatment fires in the closed areas for protecting employees in the field of fire suppression from combustion, exposure or inhalation to the toxic gases. The basic idea of fire detection and treatment robot based on detect the fire by the wireless camera and flame sensor then suppression the fire by send command from mobile phone through Bluetooth connection to make water pump turn "ON", and the fire then extinguished.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 654-664
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Modified 128-EEA2 Algorithm by Using HISEC Lightweight Block Cipher Algorithm with Improving the Security and Cost Factors

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp337-342
Alyaa Ghanim Sulaiman , Sufyan Salim Mahmood AlDabbagh
128-EEA2 (Evolved Packet System Encryption Algorithm 2) is a confidentiality algorithm which is used to encrypt and decrypt block of data based on confidentiality key. This confidentiality algorithm 128-EEA2 is based on the AES-128 which is the block cipher algorithm of 128 bit in CTR mode. In this paper, we are going to replace the AES-128 block cipher algorithm by HISEC block cipher algorithm for two reasons such as reducing cost and ameliorate security factor.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 337-342
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Task Scheduling in Heterogeneous Multiprocessor Environments – An Efficient ACO-Based Approach

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp320-329
Nekiesha Edward , Jeffrey Elcock
In heterogeneous computing environments, finding optimized solutions continues to be one of the most important and yet, very challenging problems. Task scheduling in such environments is NP-hard, so efficient mapping of tasks to the processors remains one of the most critical issues to be tackled. For several types of applications, the task scheduling problem is crucial, and across the literature, a number of algorithms with several different approaches have been proposed. One such effective approach is known as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). This popular optimization technique is inspired by the capabilities of ant colonies to find the shortest paths between their nests and food sources. Consequently, we propose an ACO-based algorithm, called rACS, as a solution to the task scheduling problem. Our algorithm utilizes pheromone and a priority-based heuristic, known as the upward rank value, as well as an insertion-based policy and a pheromone aging mechanism to guide the ants to high quality solutions. To evaluate the performance of our algorithm, we compared our algorithm with the ACS algorithm and the ACO-TMS algorithm using randomly generated directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The simulation results indicated that our algorithm experienced comparable or even better performance, than the selected algorithms.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 320-329
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Improved Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Fuzzy Logic

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.6426
Seyed Amin; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Hosseini Seno , Ali Abdi; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Seyedkolaei
In mobile ad hoc networks, route selection is one of the most important issues that is studied in these networks as a field of research. Many articles trying to provide solutions to choose the best path in which the important parameters such as power consumption, bandwidth and mobility are used. In this article, in order to improve the solutions presented in recent papers parameters such as power remaining, mobility, degree node and available bandwidth are used by taking the factors for each parameter in proportion to its influence in choosing the best path. Finally, we compare the proposed solution with the three protocols IAOMDV-F, AODVFART and FLM-AODV with the help of OPNET simulation program based on network throughput, routing discovery time, the average number of hops per route, network delay.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 728-738
Publish at: 2018-04-01

A Hybrid Formulation between Differential Evolution and Simulated Annealing Algorithms for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.8434
Farida; University of August 20th Laouafi , Ahcene; University of August 20th Boukadoum , Salah; University of August 20th Leulmi
The aim of this paper is to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. Metaheuristic algorithms have been extensively used to solve optimization problems in a reasonable time without requiring in-depth knowledge of the treated problem. The performance of a metaheuristic requires a compromise between exploitation and exploration of the search space. However, it is rarely to have the two characteristics in the same search method, where the current emergence of hybrid methods. This paper presents a hybrid formulation between two different metaheuristics: differential evolution (based on a population of solution) and simulated annealing (based on a unique solution) to solve ORPD. The first one is characterized with the high capacity of exploration, while the second has a good exploitation of the search space. For the control variables, a mixed representation (continuous/discrete), is proposed. The robustness of the method is tested on the IEEE 30 bus test system.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 513-524
Publish at: 2018-04-01

A Novel Architecture of Radix-3 Singlepath Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT Using MCSLA

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp37-42
Periyarselvam K , Saravanakumar G , Anand M
Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is widely used in digital signal processing and telecommunications, particularly in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, to overcome the problems associated with orthogonal subcarriers. A new algorithm of radix-3 FFT has been introduced in this work. The DFT of length N can be realized from three DFT sequences; each of length N/3.Radix-3 algorithm reduces the number of multiplications required for realizing DFT.A novel design of Radix-3pipelined Single path Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT using MCSLA has been proposed in this paper. First, the pipelined radix-3 SDF FFT method has been designed. It has less area and large power consumption and delay. In order to overcome these problems, modified carry select adder structure is used to perform the adder operation for reducing the power consumption and delay. Finally, the MCSLA is integrated into radix-3 SDF FFT processor. The hardware complexity and execution time for implementing radix-3 FFT algorithm can be reduced than other FFTs.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 37-42
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Sizing and Cost Analysis of Self-Consumed Solar PV DC System Compared with AC System for Residential House

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp10-18
T. M. N. T. Mansur , N. H. Baharudin , R. Ali
The use of solar photovoltaic (PV) system has grown significantly in Malaysia after Renewable Energy Act has been gazetted in 2011.The objective of this paper is to highlight the technical and economic analysis of solar PV DC system to generate enough energy for residential customer group that consumed 200 kWh per month so that they are less dependent on energy from the utility grid. The results are then compared to the solar PV AC system with similar load setup. The methodology involves gathering solar energy resource, configuring daily load demand, sizing PV array, battery bank and inverter and lastly simulation of the design system by using Homer software.  Based on Homer simulation, the solar PV AC system required slightly larger PV array sizes than the solar PV DC system to compensate losses due to the inverter efficiency which is not counted in DC system.Moreover, the solar PV AC system is almost 8.0% more expensive with 6% higher COE than the solar PV DC system due to the present of inverter.Lastly, both systems will benefit from reduction of energy consumed up to 2,434 kWh annually and to the environmental aspect, will avoid 1.7 tons of CO2 releases into the atmosphere.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 10-18
Publish at: 2018-04-01

Control Synthesis for Marine Vessels in Case of Limited Disturbances

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.7180
Mikhail; St. Petersburg State University Smirnov , Maria A.; St. Petersburg State University Smirnova
In view of rapid development of computer technology digital systems of automatic control are installed on the modern marine vessels for performance of various manoeuvres at optimal trajectories taking into account features of the ship and active disturbances. In this connection, great number of problems that deal with construction of automatic control systems, such as minimizing the fulfillment time of the maneuver, searching for the optimal trajectory, the suppression of various types of exogenous disturbances like wind and rough sea, arises. In the work, the problem of suppression of exogenous disturbances acting on a marine vessel, about which we have no information except its boundedness, is considered. The problem of searching of the controller as a static state feedback is the basis of offered approach. The system MATLAB-Simulink is accepted as the basic tool of the computer support. An example of modeling control system for the carrier is presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 648-653
Publish at: 2018-04-01
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