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30,411 Article Results

Team assisted individualization: enhancing students’ conjecturing skills in statistics and probability

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.30882
Kheigy Axl Ross Galapon Francisco , Danica Mae Esguerra Brillo , Liezl Joy Lazaro Quilang
Many students struggle to understand mathematical concepts, leading to inadequate conjecturing skills. This study investigates the effectiveness of team assisted individualization (TAI), a cooperative learning approach, in improving these skills in mathematics. Utilizing a pre-test-post-test control group design, the research involved matched groups from two senior high school sections. Data were collected through tests and interviews conducted before and after the intervention, and analyzed using means, standard deviations, paired samples t-tests, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and content analysis. The findings indicate a significant enhancement in students’ conjecturing abilities following the implementation of TAI, even when controlling for their numerical reasoning skills. These results demonstrate that TAI is more effective than traditional lecture-discussion methods (LDM) in promoting conjecturing skills. Consequently, this study encourages educators to explore and adopt TAI strategies to better facilitate the development of students’ mathematical reasoning and conjecturing capabilities.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3983-3993
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Fourth industrial revolution model in the context of basic education in the Davao Region, Philippines

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33483
Tomas Jr A. Diquito , Jr., Silverio V. Magallon
The Philippines is among the developing countries in the world which significantly affected by the technological advancement brought about by the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). Advancing the country’s manpower in the modern world requires preparedness for technological advancements. Thus, this study proposes a model in the context of basic education to better equip learners with modern approaches to education. The use of quantitative research design and factor analyses (both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)) was carried out. A total of 550 teachers participated in the study, with 250 in EFA and 300 in CFA. The used of data reduction technique in EFA and model fit indices measures in CFA were used in the analyses. The results revealed three crucial dimensions in advancing education in the 4IR, these are: i) protection using cybersecurity; ii) use of simulation in teaching; and iii) school data management and analytics. Based on these findings, a model in basic education was developed to boost the Davao Region, Philippines’ preparedness to embrace technological advancement in the modern world. Moreover, the findings of this study can also serve as baseline data for other countries with similar profiles to the Philippines on how to approach education in 4IR.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3436-3447
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Overcoming challenges in managing public schools of novice principals

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33538
Jayson Ryan T. De Leon , Rich Paulo S. Lim , Justin Vianey M. Embalsado , Jed V. Madlambayan , Chillet G. Credo , Ricardo C. Salunga
A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized in this study to explore the challenges experienced by novice school principals and how they overcome these challenges in managing their schools in the Division of Mabalacat City during school year 2023-2024. Guided by in-depth one-on-one semi-structured interviews, data was gathered from nine public elementary school principals. With the transcribed data, coding was employed using thematic analysis. Results showed that novice principals’ challenges are categorized into two: i) interpersonal challenges, including keeping the school safe and conducive and engaging with stakeholders, and ii) intrapersonal challenges, which include transitioning to higher roles and responsibilities and catching up with the new knowledge and skills needed to acquire. Moreover, novice principals experienced in overcoming these challenges were also examined. Findings revealed that growing interpersonal skills by establishing a good relationship with stakeholders and building rapport with teachers and growing intrapersonal skills by never stopping learning and having the right attitude would help them cope with their difficulties in managing the school. Finally, a proposed novice principals’ challenges model framework was developed and recommended for use in the Division of Mabalacat City to improve the knowledge, skills, and qualities of beginning and aspiring principals with their new roles in managing their schools.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3686-3701
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Well-being and engagement: its implications for university policy on administrative employee’s wellness program

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.34387
John Michael D. Aquino , Jayson L. de Vera
The well-being and engagement of administrative employees are critical to creating a productive and sustainable work environment. This study investigates causes of university administrative staff well-being and professional involvement. This study examines: i) employee engagement and well-being; ii) administrative employees’ biggest workplace challenges; and iii) how wellness programs promote personal and professional progress. This study used a concurrent triangulation mixed-method research approach. Gallup’s employee engagement survey found that 124 employees have overall favorable attitudes, with a composite mean score of 4.36 demonstrating moderate to high levels of engagement across key workplace indicators. The inconsistent recognition may have an impact on involvement, with the lowest mean of 3.80 and the biggest variability of 1.09. Meanwhile, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 administrative employees from a university in region 4A. The findings highlight factors influencing well-being, such as effective communication, work-life balance, positive office environments, and opportunities for promotion. Stress, heavy workloads, and insufficient recognition were seen to be significant challenges, whereas coping strategies including task prioritization, emotional regulation, and peer support were regarded as critical. The results show that well-being boosts commitment and productivity, whereas engagement improves mental health and job happiness. Universities must offer stress management, professional development, and recognition to improve results and staff engagement.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3515-3525
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Determinants of undergraduate recycling behavior: an extended model of the theory of planned behavior

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.32391
Tan Owee Kowang , Lim Kim Yew , Ong Choon Hee , Goh Chin Fei
Promoting positive recycling behavior should be part of the higher educational objectives. The main purpose of this research is to identify the determinants of recycling behavior among undergraduates, to assess the differences in undergraduates’ recycling behavior based on their demographic, and to explore the relationship between the determinants and behavior of recycling. The research extended the theory of planned behaviors (TPB) by adding environmental awareness as a determinant of recycling behavior in addition to attitude toward recycling, subjective norm of recycling, and perceived behavioral control over recycling. The research population comprises management programs undergraduates from a public university in Malaysia. A total of 259 responses were collected via structured questionnaire. Descriptive and Pearson correlation analysis results suggested that respondents strongly agreed that undergraduates’ attitudes and environmental awareness are the most important determinants of recycling behavior, and both determinants are strongly correlated with recycle behavior. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis result also reveals that there is significant difference on recycle behaviors among undergraduates based on year of study, with year 4 undergraduates exhibiting the highest recycling behavior. This finding suggests that the green campus initiatives taken by the university are effective. Additionally, extending the TPB model by adding awareness implies a theoretical contribution of this research.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3727-3734
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Maintenance management of physical infrastructure in educational institutions: a systematic review

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33130
Julisa del Rosario Quispe Vilca , Dennys Geovanni Calderón Paniagua , Grisely Rosalie Quispe Vilca , Isabel Evelyna Choque Siguairo , Alexander Nicolás Vilcanqui Alarcón
The physical infrastructure of education in Latin America (LATAM) requires actions to ensure its conservation and maintenance in the different systems and levels. This is due to the absence of a maintenance programmed proposed by the State and the lack of trained personnel to implement it. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of maintenance management of physical infrastructure in educational institutions. A systematic review was conducted following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology. The search process was carried out in the Scopus, ERIC, and Web of Science (WoS) databases, and eligibility criteria were established. The review covered the time interval between 2015 and 2023, and 16 English-language papers were selected. The results indicate that the lack of adequate and sustained investment, together with the lack of scheduled maintenance of educational infrastructure and the absence of structured maintenance plans, have a negative impact on student achievement. It is necessary for national and local governments to develop public policies focused on the conservation and improvement of educational infrastructure, incorporating modern management tools to facilitate this process.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3490-3501
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Acceptance of mobile English learning among college students in Henan

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.32876
Qiong Xiao , Soo Ruey Shing , Yu Lv
The portability of smartphones offers tremendous potential for language learning. However, the willingness to accept and the practical adoption of mobile learning in English study among college students from Henan, China requires deeper exploration, due to the lower digital competency and limited usage of digital tools of English teachers in Henan, China. Targeted at the college students from Henan, this research intends to investigate factors influencing their intention to adopt mobile apps in learning English by conducting a quantitative study within the framework of modified technology acceptance model (TAM) model. Purposive sampling method was used and online questionnaire was administered among 511 college students with mobile English learning experiences from one comprehensive university in Henan and data were analyzed via SPSS and structural equation modelling (SEM). The key findings include: i) social influences (SI), perceived usefulness (UF), and perceived enjoyment (PEEN) significantly impact students’ intention to adopt mobile English learning; ii) SI affect students’ intention via the mediator of UF; and iii) perceived ease of use (EOU) does not significantly impact students’ intention. This research highlights the role of teachers’ influences in students’ adoption of mobile English learning and emphasizes the need for further improvement in mobile apps design to facilitate the learning experiences.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3546-3556
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Understanding emotion regulation strategies in female adolescents with depressive symptoms: a qualitative study

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.31924
Siti Rashidah Yusoff , Khairul Farhah Khairuddin , Suzana Mohd Hoesni , Nur Afrina Rosharudin , Tuti Iryani Mohd Daud , Noor Azimah Muhammad , Manisah Mohd Ali , Mohamad Omar Ihsan Razman , Dharatun Nissa Puad Mohd Kari , Mohd Pilus Abdullah
In Malaysia, adolescents are at a high risk for depression, with the prevalence rising from 18.3% in 2017 to 26.9% in 2022. Additionally, the proportion of female adolescents affected is significantly higher than male adolescents, with 36.1% of females experiencing depression compared to 17.7% of males. Thus, a qualitative study was conducted to explore the emotion regulation strategies used by female adolescents experiencing depressive symptoms. Semi-structured interviews were performed with 15 female adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years, who had severe depression scores as assessed by the DASS-21. Using purposive sampling, all 15 female adolescents were selected from six public secondary schools in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The Klang Valley, which includes the two main states of Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, was chosen due to its ranking among the top three states in 2022 with the highest rates of depression symptoms. All responses were recorded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings revealed that female adolescents employed five emotion regulation strategies: suppressing expression, pampering themselves, seeking support, reorganizing their thoughts, and engaging in negative actions. This study explores the emotional experiences of female adolescents to design feasible and flexible interventions that address a wide range of individual needs.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3946-3959
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Six-Sigma approach to improve industry engagement strategies in Malaysian apprenticeship program

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33288
Roziyati Abdullah , Zulkiflle Leman , B.T Hang Tuah Baharudin , Siti Azfanizam Ahmad
This empirical study develops an industry engagement model (IEM) by using the Six-Sigma define, measure, analyze, improve, and control (DMAIC) methodology to investigate the key strategies to enhance industry participation (IP) in the Malaysian apprenticeship program known as the National Dual Training System (NDTS). The relationship between five strategies, namely financial incentives (FI), digital administration (DA), productive collaboration (PC), flexible implementation (FT), and efficient promotion (EP) on IP, was examined. The 204 returned questionnaires were analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that FT, EP, and DA strongly influence IP in the NDTS program. In contrast, improvement in FI and PC has little impact on industry involvement. The development of IEM by demonstrating the DMAIC concept is novel and new to the research. It offers enormous potential and value in improving policymakers’ decision-making in apprenticeship programs. It may also be extended to other areas of education in the future.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3565-3573
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Leadership and management in early childhood: navigating contradictions and pedagogical practices to foster inclusivity

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33061
Manoharan Nalliah , Shorouk Aboudahr , Lim Wei Huan , Esayas Teshome Taddese
Early years’ education is an important foundation for a child’s life-long learning, and leaders and managers in early childhood work settings have an important role in creating a nurturing environment that supports and enables children to learn regardless of their needs. This study investigates the challenges and contradictions leaders and managers face in early childhood education (ECE) settings. It examines how pedagogical praxis can be leveraged to foster inclusivity focusing on the tension between the intrinsic value of play and the pressure of child performativity meeting performance benchmarks. This qualitative study offers a constructive discussion on leadership practices in ECE and inclusion in Malaysia. The thematic analysis of nine interviews analyzed by N-VIVO software and showed the important considerations for enhancing leadership and management approaches, creating more inclusive spaces, and supporting the holistic development of early childhood curricula. The result offers a rich description of how leading practices are increasingly influenced by dominant trends in educational policies and society, including neoliberal agendas and narrowly conceived accountability systems that focus on measurable outcomes. It underlines the centrality of supporting the ongoing professional development of educators.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3765-3773
Publish at: 2025-10-01

The educational accomplishments scale: development and validation in the context of education institutions

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.34224
Anil DCosta , Joseph Chacko Chennattuserry , Kennedy Andrew Thomas
Educational institutions play a significant role in fostering academic growth and personal development. However, there is a lack of standardized tools to assess the impact of educational accomplishments (EA), particularly integrating dimensions such as quality, value-based, integrated, and culture-enhanced education. This paper aims to create and validate a measurement tool that assesses how EA impacts students and institutions to foster academic growth, personal development, and institutional effectiveness, contributing to the overall quality of education. The data was collected from 120 participants, including religious heads, directors, principals, and coordinators of ten schools run by a specific religious congregation. The study implemented a three-stage systematic procedure in the development of the scale. Stage one consisted of item generation, literature review, and expert judgment. The second stage validated the scale and was followed by an item analysis, principal component with varimax rotation (exploratory factor analysis) using Kaiser normalization on IBM SPSS 26. The third step resulted in the final reliability and validity of the scale. A final 19-item educational accomplishments scale (EAS) is psychometrically reliable and of potential use to policymakers globally, comparing student and teacher perceptions, especially with religious congregational affiliations. This scale can particularly be used by each institution to evaluate the EA and can also be used by other researchers for further research.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3882-3890
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Development of a counselling-based self-wellbeing model for informal caregivers of childhood cancer patients in Malaysia

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.32468
Nurul Hasyimah Mat Rani , Nurul ‘Ain Mohd Daud , Hapsah Md Yusof , Syaza Hazwani Zaini , Pau Kee , Mazuki Mohd Yasim , Wan Faizatul Azirah Ismayatim , Nur Shuhana Mohd Sansuddin
Cancer is a chronic disease that causes patients and their caregivers to face various challenges throughout treatment and care. This study aimed to develop a counselling-based self-wellbeing model for informal caregivers of childhood cancer patients in Malaysia. This study employed the design and development research (DDR). The first phase involved needs analysis using a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews of nine caregivers of childhood cancer. The second phase involved two methods: nominal group technique (NGT) and interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The third phase involved evaluating the usability of the model through the Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) with the agreement of seven experts. This study successfully developed a counselling-based self-wellbeing model for informal caregivers of childhood cancer patients in Malaysia. This model has 12 components consisting of: i) financial; ii) career; iii) knowledge related to management and care of child cancer patients; iv) emotional management and care; v) spiritual; vi) cognitive and rationalization; vii) social relationships; viii) roles of counsellors in helping parents; ix) spouse and family relationships; x) physical; xi) communication; and xii) facilities. This model is proposed to be used by counsellors, especially who serve in health institutions to help parents who have children with cancer.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 4222-4230
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Requirements for managing differentiated classrooms among Jordanian science teachers

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.30268
Mohammed S. Al-Rsa’i , Zobaida Abushwemeh , Eman Krieshan
Differentiated instruction (DI) is characterized by the fact that it achieves most educational goals and it is role in deepening the values of justice, equity, and a democratic climate in the learning environment. However, this approach requires highly skilled and qualified teachers, especially science teachers, due to the complexity of science learning tasks and environments. The current study aimed to examine the degree to which science teachers in Jordan possess the requirements of differentiated classroom management, and the extent to which they are affected by variables (gender and professional experience). The study sample consisted of 379 science teachers. A differentiated classroom management scale (DCMS) was prepared to achieve the study’s objective, consisting of 38 items with three domains: instruction management, classroom environment management, and managing feelings and emotions in the differentiated classroom. The results of the study showed that the degree to which science teachers in Jordan possess the requirements for differentiated classroom management is moderate. At the same time, there are differences in this degree in favor of the female parameters. However, professional experience did not affect this degree of tenure. The study recommended holding training programs for science teachers in differentiated classroom management and reviewing teacher training programs in Jordan.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 4164-4172
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Climate science literacy evaluation of senior high school students: a platform for science curriculum enhancement

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.33760
Hazel R. Balan , Minie L. Bulay , Nelia S. Raganas
The national achievement test results for grade 12 in Gingoog City Division revealed low science proficiency in critical thinking, information literacy, and problem-solving. This study evaluated science literacy related to climate science among senior high school students, focusing on scientific knowledge, competence, and attitudes as a platform for science curriculum enhancement. A descriptive-comparative design was utilized, involving 339 students from randomly selected public secondary schools, determined through stratified sampling using Slovin’s formula with a .05 margin of error. Three instruments were modified for the study and validated by experts: a 30-item multiple-choice test for scientific knowledge, a 10-item Likert scale for scientific competence, and a 20-item for scientific attitudes. A pilot test with 30 non-participants yielded a Cronbach’s alpha of .76, indicating acceptable reliability. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that students in both academic and technical-vocational-livelihood (TVL) tracks generally exhibited low proficiency in scientific knowledge regarding climate change but high scientific competence and attitudes. Significant differences between academic and TVL students in scientific knowledge, competence, and affective engagement were noted. The study concluded that there is a need to improve educational strategies to address learning gaps. Curriculum enhancements should strengthen scientific understanding by integrating climate science topics and developing learning resources and activities.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 3650-3664
Publish at: 2025-10-01

Pilot study on the use of art therapy techniques to improve the psycho-emotional state of educational psychologists

10.11591/ijere.v14i5.30603
Tatigul Samuratova , Gulnar Khazhgaliyeva , Oksana Makarova , Nikolay Pronkin
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of art therapy on the psycho-emotional state of educational psychologists. The issue at hand is the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and emotional burnout among future educational psychologists, which can negatively affect their professional performance. To address this problem, the application of art therapy was proposed as a tool to improve the emotional health of students. The experiment involved 107 students aged 20-22 from the Yelabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University. The assessment of emotional state was conducted using the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger-Hanin Anxiety Scale, and the Schreiner, Rosenberg, and Boyko tests. The results indicated that after three months of art therapy, the average level of depression decreased by 15%, anxiety levels decreased by 20%, and emotional burnout was reduced by 15%. Additionally, students’ stress resistance increased by 20%. Thus, art therapy is an effective means for reducing the emotional burden on students. It is recommended to incorporate art therapy techniques into the curricula of universities, colleges, and secondary schools. Further research is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of art therapy among students of various specializations.
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Page: 4129-4139
Publish at: 2025-10-01
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