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28,451 Article Results

Hybrid Encryption Algorithm Based on Spatial and Gray Level Information

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp569-575
Suolan Liu , Chen Chen , Yue Chen , Hongyuan Wang
Based on the analysis of the defect of traditional image scrambling methods, a new hybrid scrambling algorithm is proposed. It uses image’s spatial and gray level information. Comparative experiments show it has the advantages of easy implementation, large key space, and good scrambling effect by only one time scrambling instead of many times processing.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 569-575
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Contribution Factors on Early Initiation of Breastfeeding

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4732
Dwi Fitria Ariyani , Lina Handayani
One of the causes of high Infant Mortality Rate is the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. One of the supporting factors to exclusive breastfeeding is implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB). Mother’s knowledge and understanding about the EIB, as well as the role of birth attendants, especially midwives can be strongly support it’s the EIB. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge, mother’s attitudes and midwife role with the implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB). The research was an observational analytic research employed cross sectional design. The subjects were maternity mothers who inpatient at Pulang Pisau Hospital in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The results showed that there were significant relationships between mother's knowledge, attitudes and midwife role with the Implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB). Attitude was the most influenced variable to the EIB.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 192-196
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Benefit of Brown Rice Feeding on Elderly Insomnia

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4737
Titiek Hidayati , Nevi Seftaviani , Hastin Munifah T.F.F.S. , Ardhitapramesti A.H.P. , Nurisa Fikriyani L.
Difficulty falling asleep or insomnia is one of health problems in elderly. Age is one of the risk factor of insomnia. Tryptophan in brown rice can stimulate the formation of serotonin. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that causes someone sleeps easily. This research used quasi-experimental design with pretest posttest without control group. Population in this research is 20 elderly persons in Budi Luhur Nursing House unit of Kasihan, Bantul. Result experiment shows that 7 elderly persons have improvement in difficulty falling asleep or insomnia. Improvement of insomnia degree in elderly may be caused by the tryptophan in brown rice. Elderly persons can consume brown rice as alternative food for improving insomnia.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 220-224
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Obesity and Hypertension in Students of Jahangirnagar University: Alarming Issues

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4728
Sudip Paul , Md. Solayman , Puja Biswas , Moumoni Saha , Md. Sabir Hossain
The prevalence of obesity and hypertension (HTN) in university students of Bangladesh has not reported yet. Considering the proper health maintenance of this population in mind, the study was aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and HTN as well as relationship among them in the students of a residential university of Bangladesh, Jahangirnagar University. This descriptive cross sectional study included 500 randomly selected students (250 males and 250 females). Participants completed a questionnaire on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, smoking and family history of obesity, HTN, and coronary artery disease. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, waist and hip circumferences were measured following standard procedure. The Statistical analyses were performed using the software SPSS.The prevalence of overweight was 25% (31.1% males, 15.6% females) and obesity 7.2% (9.4% males, 4% females). Pre-HTN was found at 27.1% (38% males, 11.2% females) and HTN at 2.2% (3.3% males, 0.4% females). A high rate of smoking, sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, excessive consumption of unhealthy food, and caffeine-rich drinks was also observed. Significant correlation was found between parameters of obesity and HTN. High prevalence of pre-HTN in males and central obesity in females were found which is immediately needed to control for better health maintenance of this population.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 164-171
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Quality of Root Canal Obturation Performed by Senior Undergraduate Dental Students

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4733
Sundahnath Nagaraja
The aim of the present study was to assess the quality of canal obturation performed by undergraduate denal students at Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai. Records of 200 endodontically treated teeth from patients who were visited by undergraduate students between month of November 2014 to May 2015. Periapical radiographs of all treated teeth were assessed in terms of canal obturation quality (adequate density and length). Forty-five percent of teeth fulfilled the criteria of an acceptable root canal obturation. Adequate length and density of root filling was found in 89% and 34% of teeth, respectively. There was a significant difference between maxillary and mandibular teeth regarding the length of root canal obturation. A significant difference was observed between molars and other tooth types. The frequency of root canals with an acceptable filling was significantly greater in the anterior teeth compared to premolars or molars. The technical quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students was found to be less than ideal.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 197-200
Publish at: 2015-09-01

The Comparison of Gabapentin and Amitriptilin Effectivity as Pain Therapy in Herniated Nucleus Pulposus

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4738
Indriastuti Cahyaningsih , Rina Handayani , Setyaningsih Setyaningsih
Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) is one of peripheral neuropathic pain. Although concensus guidelines for the treatment of neuropathic pain are based on the results of the RCT studies, there are still gaps in the literatures. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and quality of life of gabapentin and amitriptyline for the treatment of pain in HNP. The method used a quasi experimental with consequtive sampling. This study included 30 patients in the gabapentin group and 26 patients in the amitriptyline group, and each group was evaluated for 1 month. Effectiveness was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) every 2 weeks then analized by independent and paired sample t test. The results showed that the use of gabapentin and amitriptilin in 4 weeks showed the decrease of pain score measured by visual analog scale 3.70 ± 0.349 and 3.500 ± 0.34 although there was no statistical difference (p value = 0.704). To sum up, effectiveness of gabapentin and amitriptyline in the treatment of neuropathic pain did not have statistical difference.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 225-231
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Incidence of Opportunistic Infections among Adult HIV Positive People Receiving Co-trimoxazole Prophylaxis

10.11591/ijphs.v4i3.4729
Yihun Tariku G , Yaliso Yaya , Degu Jerene , Alemu Tamiso
In Ethiopia, Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (CPT) used to prevent opportunistic infections among people living with HIV is the standard of practice; however incidence of opportunistic infection and their predictors are rarely documented in the country.  This was a retrospective follow up study to describe the incidence and predictors of opportunistic infections among 244 adults receiving CPT. Participants were followed for a median time of 72 weeks. During a study period a total of 53opportunistic infections were recorded; making the overall incidence rate 23.9/100 person-years. High incidence of opportunistic infections is likely to occur if: the clients were married (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.965;(95% CI: 1.109, 3.451), had history of tuberculosis treatment (AHR: 2.34(95% CI:1.05, 5.24)), patients who are indicated for CPT because of both clinical and WHO clinical staging criteria(AHR 2.418 (95% CI:1.02, 5.72 ),and had poor adherence to CPT (AHR, 2.11 (95% CI: 1.19-3.72)). Eventhough adherence is non-substitutable strategy to prevent opportunistic infection, the cohort of HIV patients failed to adhere to CPT, which in turn resulthigh incidence of opportunistic infections among them, therefore improving adherence as guideline should be a priority to prevent OIs among people living with HIV in the study region.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Page: 172-179
Publish at: 2015-09-01

PSO_PI Controller of Robotic Grinding Force Servo System

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp515-525
Adnan Jabbar Attiya , Yang Wenyu , Salam Waley Shneen
When an industrial robot is used to grind a curved surface ,as marine propeller surface, contact force and feed movement must controlled together at the similar time in order that the grinding tool would machine the work-piece, with  required  force, at  the  right  position  in  right  posture. A passive wrist system  is advanced, in  this  paper, to conform the shape of the machining propeller by altering its posture along with the surface. Grinding force is controlled under a simple new PSO-PI controller at a steady value in the normal direction of the mentioned machining point by multi-point machining, while the grinding tool moving along the curved surface of the propeller. It means that the model of the passive wrist system and the surroundings could be used in force controlling when robots grind marine propeller surface by a grinding tool with multi-point machining. PSO_PI controller  policy is being assembled and compared with a PI controller to obtain a controller that provides grinding with higher quality. The compared controllers have been optimized together with the parameters of the Two-Phase Hybrid Stepping Motor. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) method was selected from several methods to optimize of Proportional-Integral controller parameters in order to give better performance with improved step response for robotic grinding force servo system and overshoot are reduced. This control method was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Page: 515-525
Publish at: 2015-09-01

A Novel Rotor Resistance Estimation Technique for Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive Using TS Fuzzy

10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i3.pp538-553
Saji Chacko , Chandrashekhar N.Bhende , Shailendra Jain , R.K. Nema
Induction motor with indirect field oriented control is well suited for high performance applications due to its excellent dynamic behavior. But, the indirect field oriented controller is sensitive to variations in rotor time constant, especially variation in rotor resistance. In this study a scheme based on the Rotor flux Model Reference Adaptive Controller is used for on line identification of the rotor resistance and thus improving the steady state performance of the drive.  The overriding feature of this estimation technique is the accurate identification of rotor resistance especially during transient and steady state conditions when the drive is operating at full load and at zero motor speed condition. Moroever, the effectiveness of the TS fuzzy controller utilizing rotor flux for online estimation of rotor resistance for four quadrant operation of motor drive is investigated and compared with the conventional PI and Mamdani fuzzy controller Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink environment.have been presented  to confirm the effectiviness of the technique.
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Page: 538-553
Publish at: 2015-09-01

A Novel Method for IRFOC of Three-Phase Induction Motor under Open-Phase Fault

10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i3.pp439-448
Mohammad Jannati , Tole Sutikno , Nik Rumzi Nik Idris , Mohd Junaidi Abdul Aziz
This paper investigates the vector control of a star-connected three-phase Induction Motor (IM) under stator winding open-phase fault. The used vector control method is based upon indirect rotor field-orientation concepts that have been adapted for this type of machine. Beside the implementation of this method in critical industrial applications, the proposed method in this paper can be used for vector control of unbalanced 2-phase or single-phase IM with two main and auxiliary windings. Simulation results are provided to show the operation of the proposed drive system.
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Page: 439-448
Publish at: 2015-09-01

Performance Evaluation of Broad Band CDMA Signal Using Beam Forming Antenna Technology for Next Generation Communications

10.11591/ijict.v4i2.pp45-55
Javaid A Sheikh
In order to accommodate various multimedia services, next generation wireless networks are characterized by very high transmission rates. Thus, in such systems and networks, the received signal is not only limited by noise like Additive White Gaussian noise (AWGN) but especially with increasing data transmission rate by the Intersymbol Symbol Interference (ISI) due to time dispersion of channel. A number of techniques such as rake receiver in CDMA systems and equalizers in GSM systems have been proposed to combat the effect of fading so as to improve the performance of wireless communication network.  In this paper we evolve the performance of uncoded uplink transmission in broadband CDMA using beam forming technique under multipath conditions. The beam-former has been implemented using Transport Delay Line (TDL) filters.  An expression for the optimal weights of a TDL based beam former has been derived.  A carrier frequency of 2 Ghz has been used in this work as they are useful for next generation wireless systems.  Simulation results show that TDL beamformer can reduce the multipath fading and Multiple Access Interferance (MAI). It has been shown that if SNR (related with Variance of the channel) is maintained at 10 db and if a 3 ray based beamformer having 3 antennas with 3 taps is used, the Error Rate of 0.1was found without using channel coding.
Volume: 4
Issue: 2
Page: 45-55
Publish at: 2015-08-01

Little Core Based System on Chip Platform for Internet of Thing

10.11591/ijece.v5i4.pp695-700
Sang Don Kim , Seung Eun Lee
Although the technology scaling has enabled designers to integrate a large number of hardware blocks onto a single chip realizing System on Chip (SoC), problems arising from leakage current have made power reduction an important issue. The IoT platform has restricted power consumption because of battery power. In this paper, we propose our little core based IoT platform focusing on the low power and expandability. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of our proposal to the IoT.
Volume: 5
Issue: 4
Page: 695-700
Publish at: 2015-08-01

Network Reconfiguration for Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Improvement of 110-Bus Radial Distribution System Using Exhaustive Search Techniques

10.11591/ijece.v5i4.pp788-797
Su Mon Myint , Soe Win Naing
Nowadays, the electricity demand is increasing day by day and hence it is very important not only to extract electrical energy from all possible new power resources but also to reduce power losses to an acceptable minimum level in the existing distribution networks where a large amount of power dissipation occurred. In Myanmar, a lot of power is remarkably dissipated in distribution system.  Among methods in reducing power losses, network reconfiguration method is employed for loss minimization and exhaustive technique is also applied to achieve the minimal loss switching scheme. Network reconfiguration in distribution systems is performed by opening sectionalizing switches and closing tie switches of the network for loss reduction and voltage profile improvement. The distribution network for existing and reconfiguration conditions are modelled and simulated by Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) 7.5 version software. The inputs are given based on the real time data collected from 33/11kV substations under Yangon Electricity Supply Board (YESB). The proposed method is tested on 110-Bus, overhead AC radial distribution network of Dagon Seikkan Township since it is long-length, overloaded lines and high level of power dissipation is occurred in this system. According to simulation results of load flow analysis, voltage profile enhancement and power loss reduction for proposed system are revealed in this paper.
Volume: 5
Issue: 4
Page: 788-797
Publish at: 2015-08-01

Three-Dimensional Application-Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks

10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp352-360
Mostafa Baghouri , Abderrahmane Hajraoui , Saad Chakkor
Many researchers assume that the distribution of the nodes is done in a two-dimensional environment in the reason that the height of this network is negligible compared to its width and length. However, in the reality, three-dimensional (3D) deployment of the wireless sensor networks is used. Therefore, many applications require 3D architecture such as underwater, space communications, atmospheric, forest or building. Unfortunately, the energy consumption and throughput in the 3D environment decreases considerably compared to 2D in which we can’t neglect them in some applications. In his paper we applied the 3D architecture in LEACH protocol and we prove by computer simulation how this 2D approximation is not reasonable since the lifetime of 3D WSN decrease by about 21% over than 2D WSN.
Volume: 15
Issue: 2
Page: 352-360
Publish at: 2015-08-01

Handling Low and High Demand Mode on Safety Instrumented Function

10.11591/ijece.v5i4.pp742-749
Totok R. Biyanto , Franky Kusuma , Hendra Cordova , Yerry Sutatio , Ridho Bayuaji
In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discused. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper. The  result of this paper is when hazardous event frequency 10E-06/year and PFD’s safeguard 0.00002, with test interval 1 year, the SILs of low and high demand start showing different level at demand 5.1/year. At that point, we shouldn’t use simplified formula for low demand, because it will make different SIL with the exponential formula and simplified high demand formula. The requared SIL targets are SIL 2 and SIL 1, for exponential formula and simplified high demand formula, respectifely. Hence, it should be taken more attention and consideration for various value of hazardous event frequency with various demand rate.
Volume: 5
Issue: 4
Page: 742-749
Publish at: 2015-08-01
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