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25,002 Article Results

An Algorithm for Predicting the Speed of Traffic Light Violators

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.645
Iswanjono; University of Sanata Dharma, University of Indonesia Iswanjono , Bagio; University of Indonesia Budiardjo , Kalamullah; University of Indonesia Ramli
The tracking of vehicles using RFID was developed consider three major problems, i.e. traffic signal timing, congestion on road and theft of vehicles. This paper describes an algorithm for predicting the speed of traffic light violators. The novel algorithm is implemented in the form of a simulation program. The traffic light system is equipped RFID reader as the main tool for identifying the vehicle’s RFID tags. In the simulation, the vehicle’s ID is generated using a random number generation. The distribution of the vehicle’s numbers is uniform and the expected number of vehicles violated the traffic light is not more than 3 % of the total number generated. The timing accuracy for speed traffic lights violator is 100 milli seconds. From the simulation conducted, the algorithm has performed as expected. It is able to predict the speed of traffic light violators ranging from 5 km/h up to 80 km/h in real-time.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 55-64
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Hybrid De-embedding Technique for Microwave Absorber Characterization

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.679
Achmad; Institut Teknologi Bandung Munir
In this paper, a data processing technique to obtain the true characteristic of microwave absorber material characterization is proposed. This technique addressed to overcome the limitations of port extension is known as hybrid de-embedding technique, which in principle is carried out by combining the structure model data of test fixture that is used with simulated data or experimental measurements. In this technique, the test fixture is simulated numerically to get S (scattering) parameter data. Then the S parameter is converted into the T parameter (transfer) to be used for de-embedding process by removing the characteristic of test fixture used so that the true characteristics of a microwave absorber material can be revealed. To verify the accuracy of technique proposed, the characteristics of a microwave absorber is simulated numerically and measured experimentally. The simulation and measurements results are then processed using the proposed technique to be compared with its ideal model. In general, the result of de-embedding process shows that the proposed technique has high accuracy.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 133-138
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Wireless Sensor Network for Landslide Monitoring in Nusa Tenggara Timur

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.640
Herry; Universitas Nusa Cendana Z. Kotta , Kalvein; Universitas Nusa Cendana Rantelobo , Silvester; Universitas Nusa Cendana Tena , Gregorius; Dinas Pertambangan dan Energi Tk. I NTT Klau
Landslides in many regions constitute serious hazards that cause substantial life and financial losses. To overcome and reduce the damages, efforts to monitor landslides are developed. One such technology utilizes a wireless sensor network (WSN). Results obtained from studies conducted in the Ikanfoti village, Kupang District, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) Province (S 10o16’ 21.9” and E 123o40’59.8”) as pilot project, give result that the application of WSN can be applied properly. We detect and measure vibrations caused by landslides by vibration sensor (accelerometer) on Micaz devices. The results of this study indicate that changes in accelerometer values ranging from 0.2 g (gravity) to 0.49 g of either the X or Y of accelerometer indicate that soil begins to move but not significantly. Value above 0.5 g is a value that indicating a significant change of ground motion. The value of 1 g and above of ground motion indicates a very strong activity and should be alarmed. It is expected that this research provides the foundation for the application of WSN in various areas in NTT Province and Indonesia in general, for establishing thorough and reliable early warning system (EWS).
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 9-18
Publish at: 2011-04-01

A Web-based Geographic Information System for Aceh Natural Hazards

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.673
Nasaruddin; Syiah Kuala University Nasaruddin , Khairul; Syiah Kuala University Munadi , M. Dirhamsyah; Syiah Kuala University M. Dirhamsyah , Dedi; Syiah Kuala University Yuliansyah
 Aceh province is the most affected area by the tsunami of 26 December 2004. Aceh also has experiencing a number of natural hazards; flood, earthquakes, and volcano’s eruptions. Until now, Aceh has no natural hazards information system which can be used to increase public awareness in order to reduce the impact of the hazards. Natural hazards information system provides hazard maps as the guideline for disaster risk mitigation planning. Therefore, the development of a Web GIS based information system for Aceh natural hazards, referred as Aceh Natural Hazards Information System (ANHIS), is a very strategic decision to increase public awareness of the risks of natural disaster hazard in Aceh. This paper proposes conceptual design and the development of prototype for ANHIS. The main purpose of ANHIS is to visualize many natural hazards maps and disseminate information of the hazardous areas for disaster agencies, researchers and communities in order to help them act on warning issue. In order to develop the prototype, the system requirements, configuration, system design and implementation are presented in this paper. Furthermore, the results of prototype for ANHIS are demonstrated in terms of individual hazard map and multi-hazard map of many natural hazards in Aceh. Finally, the conclusions give the perspectives for future implementation of ANHIS.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 89-98
Publish at: 2011-04-01

The Damage of ZnO Arrester Block Due To Multiple Impulse Currents

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.685
Tarcicius; Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Haryono , K. Tunggul; Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Sirait , Tumiran; Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Tumiran , Hamzah; Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Berahim
 A lightning arrester installed in an electrical power system is designed to protect some electrical equipment against damage due to lightning impulse strike. However, if  there is  a multiple impulse  current striking a lightning arrester, it may damage  the lightning arrester itself and then, as a result,  it cannot provide lightning protection to  the electrical equipment anymore. In this research, three peak values of lightning impulse current,which were  600, 1300, and 2500A, each of which had 5 repetitive impulse current, was  applied to a 5000A (1p.u.) ZnO block of a 24kV nominal voltage lightning arrester having seven ZnO block units. The results of research showed that by applying impulse current  of the order of 600(0.12), 1300(0.26), dan 2500(0.5) A(p.u.), making the ZnO block damage as much as 26.58, 50, and 100% concecutively. In addition, the damage of the ZnO block appeared as permanen low value of residual voltage as low as more than 5% of the new ZnO block residual voltage. If the ZnO block is still being used in a lightning arrester in electrical power system, it may result in the opening of a circuit breaker and possibly making electrical power outages from a number of electrical power customers.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 171-182
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Appearance Global and Local Structure Fusion for Face Image Recognition

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.678
Arif; Universitas Trunojoyo Muntasa , Indah Agustien; Universitas Trunojoyo Sirajudin , Mauridhi Hery; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Purnomo
Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear descriminant analysis (LDA) are an extraction method based on appearance with the global structure features. The global structure features have a weakness; that is the local structure features can not be characterized. Whereas locality preserving projection (LPP) and orthogonal laplacianfaces (OLF) methods are an appearance extraction with the local structure features, but the global structure features are ignored. For both the global and the local structure features are very important. Feature extraction by using the global or the local structures is not enough. In this research, it is proposed to fuse the global and the local structure features based on appearance. The extraction results of PCA and LDA methods are fused to the extraction results of LPP. Modelling results were tested on the Olivetty Research Laboratory database face images. The experimental results show that our proposed method has achieved higher recognation rate than PCA, LDA, LPP and OLF Methods.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 125-132
Publish at: 2011-04-01

A Variable Switching Frequency with Boost Power Factor Correction Converter

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.644
Mallisetti Rajesh; RGMCET Nandyal Kumar , Duraisamy; RGMCET Nandyal Lenine , Ch Sai; JNT University Babu
This paper presents single phase Power Factor Correction (PFC) with proposed variable switching frequency (VSF) control technique. The increasing of non linear loads such as thyristor rectifiers, switching-mode power supplies, adjustable speed drives, and generate harmonic currents causing various problems to the other equipment connected to the point of common coupling. There are several disadvantages in the existing PFC control implementation based on conventional PWM control. This system considered uses a unified  overcomes such a drawback by converting a voltage source into a fast-acting current source, which is reduce the harmonics in the line current, increases the efficiency and capacity of power system.  The capacitor and inductor with voltage and current ripple with minimum ripple values was designed to absorb sinusoidal input current and to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) in the input current with output voltage regulation. The principal of operation, theoretical analysis, simulation results on a single phase boost converter are presented. 
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 47-54
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Generator Contribution Based Congestion Management using Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.635
Sawan; Techno India Sen , Priyanka; Techno India Roy , Abhijit; Bengal Engineering and Science University Chakrabarti , Samarjit; Applied Physics Sengupta
 Congestion management is one of the key functions of system operator in the restructured power industry during unexpected contingency. This paper proposes a method for generator contribution based congestion management using multiobjective genetic algorithm. In the algorithm, both real and reactive losses have been optimised using optimal power flow model and the contributions of the generators with those optimised losses are calculated. On second level, the congested lines are identified by the proposed overloading index (OI) during contingency and those lines are relieved with the new contribution of generators, which is the outcome of the developed algorithm. The planned method depicts the information related to congestion management to minimize the investment cost, without installing any external devices and to maximise the consumer welfare by avoiding any load curtailment without affecting the voltage profile of the system as well as the optimised total system loss. IEEE 30 bus system is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 1-8
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Formal Specification for Spatial Information Databases Integration Framework (SIDIF)

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.672
Mustafa; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Man , Julaily Aida; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Jusuh , Mohd Shafry; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Mohd Rahim , Mohammad Zaidi; Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Zakaria
This paper discusses the formal validation for spatial information databases integration framework (SIDIF). A SIDIF database is a large, organized body of persistent data, usually associated with computerized software designed to update, query, and retrieve components of the data stored within the system. One of the common difficulties faced by the developer is in designing a robust database system. Even so, in order to solve this matter, developers have to focus their efforts on the formal specifications. The formal specification is supposed to reduce the overall development time. Formal specifications can be used to provide an unambiguous and precise supplement to natural language descriptions. Besides, it can be rigorously validated and verified leading to the early detection of specification errors. Consequently, to validate this problem formally, we specify the SIDIF database framework using Z language and prove by using Z/EVES theorem proven tool. By using this kind of tools, it may help to reduce time, energy and mistake compared to manual theorem proving which can be error task and tedious.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 81-88
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Augmented Reality Prototype for Visualising Large Sensors’ Datasets

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.684
Folorunso; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Olufemi A. , Mohd Shahrizal S.; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Mohd Shahrizal S. , Ikotun; Yaba College of Technology Abiodun M.
This paper addressed the development of an augmented reality (AR) based scientific visualization system prototype that supports identification, localisation, and 3D visualisation of oil leakages sensors datasets. Sensors generates significant amount of multivariate datasets during normal and leak situations which made data exploration and visualisation daunting tasks. Therefore a model to manage such data and enhance computational support needed for effective explorations are developed in this paper. A challenge of this approach is to reduce the data inefficiency. This paper presented a model for computing information gain for each data attributes and determine a lead attribute.The computed lead attribute is then used for the development of an AR-based scientific visualization interface which automatically identifies, localises and visualizes all necessary data relevant to a particularly selected region of interest (ROI) on the network. Necessary architectural system supports and the interface requirements for such visualizations are also presented.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 161-170
Publish at: 2011-04-01

A Fuzzy Topsis Multiple-Attribute Decision Making for Scholarship Selection

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.643
Shofwatul; University of Sunan Kalijaga ‘Uyun , Imam; University of Ahmad Dahlan Riadi
As the education fees are becoming more expensive, more students apply for scholarships. Consequently, hundreds and even thousands of applications need to be handled by the sponsor. To solve the problems, some alternatives based on several attributes (criteria) need to be selected. In order to make a decision on such fuzzy problems, Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making (FMDAM) can be applied. In this study, Unified Modeling Language (UML) in FMADM with TOPSIS and Weighted Product (WP) methods is applied to select the candidates for academic and non-academic scholarships at Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga. Data used were a crisp and fuzzy data. The results show that TOPSIS and  Weighted Product FMADM methods can be used to select the most suitable candidates to receive the scholarships since the preference values applied in this method can show applicants with the highest eligibility.        
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 37-46
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Intelligent Avatar on E-Learning using Facial Expression and Haptic

10.12928/telkomnika.v9i1.676
Ahmad Hoirul; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Basori , Andi; Universitas Haluoleo Tenriawaru , Andi Besse Firdausiah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Mansur
 The process of introducing emotion can be improved through three-dimensional (3D) tutoring system. The problem that still not solved is how to provide realistic tutor (avatar) in virtual environment. This paper  propose an approach to teach children on understanding emotion sensation through facial expression and sense of touch (haptic).The algorithm is created by calculating constant factor (f) based on maximum value of RGB and magnitude force then magnitude force range will be associated into particular colour. The Integration process will be started from rendering the facial expression then followed by adjusting the vibration power to emotion value. The result that achieved on experiment, it show around 71% students agree with the classification of magnitude force into emotion representation. Respondents commented that high magnitude force create similar sensation when respondents feel anger, while low magnitude force is more relaxing to respondents. Respondents also said that haptic and facial expression is very interactive and realistic.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 115-124
Publish at: 2011-04-01

Design of Artificial Intelligent Controller for Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Hydrothermal System

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/5386
Coppisetty Srinivasa Rao
This paper presents the design of controller based on the principles of Neural networks. The concept of artificial intelligent techniques greatly helps in overcoming the disadvantages posed by the conventional controllers. A hierarchical architecture of three layer feed forward neural network (NN) is proposed for controller design based on back propagation algorithm (BPA). Area Control Error (ACE) is considered as input to the neural network controller and the output of the controller is provided to the governor in each area. The proposed controllers are tested for a two area hydrothermal system. Simulation results show that the limitations of conventional controller can be overcome by including Neural concept and thereby the dynamic response of the system with respect to peak time, overshoot and settling time can be improved drastically. Keywords: Automatic Generation Control, Hydrothermal system, Neural network, Back propagation algorithm, Area control errorDOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.111
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Page: 183-190
Publish at: 2011-03-29

Rural Electrification in the Changing paradigm of Power Sector Reforms in India

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/5381
Gopalkrishna D Kamalapur , Udaykumar R Y
Rural electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and rural growth of a nation. In India, electricity has not played effective role in the socio-economic growth of village. GDP is increasing with 8 percent where as contribution of agriculture sector is 1.9 percent. Government of India has ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology mission, State Electricity Boards, Reforms in Power Sector. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the features of rural electrification in India and the problems faced by State Electricity Boards. Challenges of rural electrification in the changing scenario of power sector reforms are identified.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.149
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Page: 147-154
Publish at: 2011-03-02

Bridging XML and Relational Databases: An Effective Mapping Scheme based on Persistent

https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/view/5394
Samini Subramaniam , Su-Cheng Haw , Poo Kuan Hoong
XML has emerged as the leading medium for data transfer over the World Wide Web. At the present days, relational database is still widely used as the back-end database in most organizations. Since there is mismatch in these two structures, an effective mapping scheme is definitely essential that provides seamless integration with relational databases. On the other hand, an immutable labeling scheme is certainly significant to dentify the XML nodes uniquely as well as supports dynamic update without having the existing labels to be re-labeled when there is an occurance of dynamic update. As such, in this paper, we propose s-XML by adopting the Persistent Labeling scheme as the annotation scheme to ensure seamless integration with relational database and able to support updates without the need to re-construct the existing labels. We conduct experiments to show that s-XML performs better in terms of mapping the XML nodes to relational databases, query retrieval and dynamic update compared to the existing approaches.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.215
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Page: 239-246
Publish at: 2011-03-02
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