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29,905 Article Results

A Preliminary Performance Evaluation of K-means, KNN and EM Unsupervised Machine Learning Methods for Network Flow Classification

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp778-784
Alhamza Alalousi , Rozmie Razif , Mosleh AbuAlhaj , Mohammed Anbar , Shahrul Nizam
Unsupervised leaning is a popular method for classify unlabeled dataset i.e. without prior knowledge about data class. Many of unsupervised learning are used to inspect and classify network flow. This paper presents in-deep study for three unsupervised classifiers, namely: K-means, K-nearest neighbor and Expectation maximization. The methodologies and how it’s employed to classify network flow are elaborated in details. The three classifiers are evaluated using three significant metrics, which are classification accuracy, classification speed and memory consuming. The K-nearest neighbor introduce better results for accuracy and memory; while K-means announce lowest processing time.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 778-784
Publish at: 2016-04-01

New Classifier Design for Static Security Evaluation Using Artificial In-telligence Techniques

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp870-876
Ibrahim Saeh , Wazir Mustafa , Nasir Al-geelani
This paper proposes evaluation and classification classifier for static security evaluation (SSE) and classifica-tion. Data are generated on (30, 57, 118 and 300) bus IEEE test systems used to design the classifiers. The implementation decision tree methods on several IEEE test systems involved appropriateness SSE and classi-fication by using four algorithms of DT’s. Empirically, with the present of FSA, the implementation results indicate that these classifiers have the capability for system security evaluation and classification. Lastly, FSA is efficient and effective approach for real-time evaluation and classification classifier design.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 870-876
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Comparative Assessment on Linearity Test based V2π and Vπ/2 Voltage Variations of Closed Loop IFOG

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp583-595
T. Sireesha , K. Krishna Murthy
Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscope (IFOG) has to operate in closed loop condition to achieve inertial grade performance. The closed loop system is mainly depends upon the amplitude of the ramp signal (V2π of IOC) and bias (square wave) signal frequency (fbias). The digital phase ramp function is given as feedback to the optical system and makes gyro to null condition. The peak-to-peak amplitude (Vπ/2) of biasing signal is one-fourth of the ramp amplitude (V2π). If there are any variations in the amplitude of the ramp and biasing signals, then it introduces variations in the gyro performance. In this paper, a comparative discussion made in the gyro parameters for three cases: (i) V2π (vary) & Vπ/2 (constant), (ii) Vπ/2 (vary) & V2π (constant) and (iii) both V2π and Vπ/2 are varying simultaneously. The effects on gyroscope are described with the derived values in terms of linearity. From the experimental results, it was observed that the gyro output is very sensitive with respect to V2π variations and obtained the percentage error of 10% in gyro output, but very less effect due to Vπ/2 variations. So, the proper resetting of ramp voltage (V2π) is required to avoid nonlinearities and instabilities in gyro output.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 583-595
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Sufficient Authentication for Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp735-742
Hema Gopinath Sukavasi , Lokesh Kanagala , Riaz Shaik
Given the understanding of the prospective WSN programs and because of source restrictions, key management emerges as a complicated problem for WSNs. One of the main issues when developing a key management scheme is the system scalability. Indeed, the method should assistance a huge number of nodes to allow a large range implementation of the system. In this paper we implemented a performance trade-off research of power intake vs. Quality of Solutions obtain in stability, suitability, and security for redundancy control of clustered heterogeneous wireless indicator systems using multipath routing to response customer concerns. We urbanized a novel probability style to evaluate the best redundancy stage in terms of direction redundancy (mp ) and resource redundancy (ms), as well as the best attack identification configurations with regards to the number of voters (m) and the attack incantation interval under which the life-time of a heterogeneous wireless sensor network is optimized while fulfilling the stability, timeliness and protection specifications of question processing applications in the existence of untrustworthy wireless communication and harmful nodes. Lastly, we used our analysis outcomes to the style of powerful redundancy management criteria to recognize and implement the best design parameter configurations at playback in reaction to environment changes to extend the program life-time
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 735-742
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Identification of Acoustic Signals of Internal Electric Discharges on Glass Insulator under Variable Applied Voltage

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp827-834
Nasir A. Al-geelani , M. Afendi M. Piah , Ibrahim Saeh , Nordiana Azlin Othman , Fatin Liyana Muhamedin , N. F. Kasri
A Partial Discharge (PD) is an unwanted phenomenon in electrical equipment. Therefore it is of great importance to identify different types of PD and assess their severity. This paper investigates the acoustic emissions associated with Internal Discharge (ID) from different types of sources in the time-domain. An experimental setup was arranged in the high voltage laboratory, a chamber with an electrode configuration attached to it was connected to a high voltage transformer for generating various types of PD. A laboratory experiment was done by making the models of these discharges. The test equipment including antennas as a means of detection and digital processing techniques for signal analysis were used. Wavelet signal processing was used to recover the internal discharge acoustic signal by eliminating the noises of many natures.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 827-834
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Frequency and Time Response of Power Plant Grounding System Exposed to Lightning Strike

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp512-525
Srete N Nikolovski , Zoran Baus , Goran Knežević
This paper examines the frequency response of power plant grounding system exposed to the lightning current. Large amount of current generated by the stroke flow in the grounding system of power plant and dissipate in the soil.  The electric and magnetic field generated by such high voltages and currents may cause damage of equipment and may be dangerous for the personnel in power plant.  For the every given frequency obtained using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) of lightning current impulse, electromagnetic field theory approach is used to solve Maxell’s equation and compute scalar potential, electric and magnetic field. Also, the influence of the point in which lightning current is diffused in the grounding system is presented. Three dimensional plots of spatial distribution of scalar potential, electric and magnetic field are presented. The time domain response of scalar potential, electric and magnetic field on one profile is also presented.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 512-525
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Components and Analysis Method of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Requirements in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp682-689
Yousef Khaleel , Anmar Abuhamdah , Mutaz Abu Sara , Bassam Al-Tamimi
With the fast development of information technologies and enterprise software, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are increasingly adopted by more small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Based on this trend, it is necessary to develop ERP systems in a manner that meets and fits the SMEs requirements and needs. This paper proposes conceptual components of ERP requirements that are required for generating ERP system functions. In addition, it proposes an ERP requirements analysis method for ERP system developments in order to produce the proper ERP system functions for SMEs. The advantage of this analysis method is that it is easy to analyze and integrate the special requirements of the ERP development for distinguishing a sub-sector of SMEs. In this paper, by analyzing the components of requirements and the relationship of the business process modelling, several basic concepts are given and the method of the process analysis and modelling is also expressed.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 682-689
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Visual and Surface Properties of CdTe Thin Films on CdS/FTO Glass Substrates

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp468-473
Ramya K , Yuvaraja T
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film material was deposited ontop of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) substrate using vacuum evaporation technique. The sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. XRD studies revealed that the sample was polycrystalline in nature. The SEM image showed that the sample is columnar in structure and the grains are uniform. Optical band gap of the CdTe thin film was estimated from transmittance and reflectance data and it was found 1.53eV.The structural, optical and surface properties of the film showed that the CdTe thin film materials can be used for fabrication of CdTe thin film solar cell.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 468-473
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Effect of Contaminant Flow-rate and Applied Voltage on the Current Density and Electric Field of Polymer Tracking Test

10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp819-826
F. L. Muhamedin , M. A. M. Piah , N. A. Othman , Nasir Ahmed Algeelani
Electrical failure due to surface discharge on the insulation material will cause material degradation and eventually lead to system failure. The flow of leakage current (LC) on the insulator surface under wet contamination is used to determine the material degradation level. According to IEC 60587 standard, LC exceeding 60 mA for more than two seconds is considered as failure. In this study, the  electric field and current density distributions on the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and natural rubber blend material have been analyzed using finite element method (FEM) analysis. The physical parameters used in FEM simulation were applied with voltage and contaminant flow rate, in accordance to contaminant conductivity. Tracking test condition according to IEC 60587 standard has been applied as proposed by the reference work in simulation using QuickField FEM software. The results show that the electric field and current density would become critical in higher applied voltage and contaminant flow rate. The highest average and highest maximum current density and electric field are found in both applied voltage of 6 kV and contaminant flow rate of 0.90 mlmin-1.
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 819-826
Publish at: 2016-04-01

An Enhanced Symmetrical Fault Detection during Power Swing/Angular Instability using Park’s Transformation

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp23-31
Jeevitha A , Devi S
Power systems are subjected to a wide range of small or large disturbances during operating conditions. Power system disturbances such as line switching, generator disconnection and sudden removal of faults causes oscillations in an electrical machine rotor angles that can result in severe power swings. Depending on the protection controls, the system may remain stable or unstable and it may result in loss of synchronism. In recent years, distance relay finds difficulty between symmetrical fault and power swing which causes undesired tripping of the transmission line is the foremost reason for blackout. This paper proposes a new method Park’s Transformation and Fast Fourier Transform which are used to discriminate between the three phase fault and power swing and also to protect the backup zone of distance relay. This method is verified for normal and abnormal conditions with different load angles and different fault locations in IEEE 6-bus system are simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink. The Simulation results show the capability to avoid unwanted tripping decision of relay quickly and precisely.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 23-31
Publish at: 2016-04-01

The Influence of Moisture and Temperature on the Behavior of Soil Resistivity in Earthing Design Using Finite Element Method

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp11-22
Sajad Samadinasab , Farhad Namdari , Mohammad Bakhshipor
Protection of equipment, safety of persons and continuity of power supply are the main objectives of the grounding system. For its accurate design, it is essential to determine the potential distribution on the earth surface and the equivalent resistance of the system. The knowledge of such parameters allows checking the security offered by the grounding system when there is a failure in the power systems.A new method to design an earthing systems using Finite Element Method (FEM) is presented in this article.In this approach, the influence of the moisture and temperature on the behavior of soil resistivity are considered in EARTHING system DESIGN. The earthing system is considered to be a rod electrode and a plate type electrode buried vertically in the ground.The resistance of the system which is a very important factor in the design process is calculated using Finite Element Method. Finite Element Method is used to estimate the solution of the partial differential equation that governs the system behavior. COMSOL Multiphysics 4.4 which is one of the packages that work with the FEM is used as a tool in this design.Finally the values of the resistance obtained by COMSOL Multiphysics are compared with the proven analytical formula values for the ground resistance, in order to prove the work done with COMSOL Multiphysics.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 11-22
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Improved Performance of Four Switch Three Phase with SEPIC-Based Inverter

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp96-106
Prabu B , Murugan M
The proposed novel four-switch three-phase (FSTP) inverter is to design to reduce the rate, difficulty, mass, and switching losses of the DC-AC conversion system. Here the output line voltage cannot exceed half the input voltage in the out-dated FSTP inverter and it operates at half the DC input voltage. Single-Ended Primary-Inductance Converter (SEPIC) is a novel design for the FSTP inverter proposed in this paper. In this proposed topology the necessity of output filters is not necessary for the pure sinusoidal output voltage. Related to out-dated FSTP inverter, the proposed FSTP SEPIC inverter raises the voltage utilization aspect of the input DC supply, where the suggested topology delivers the higher output line voltage which can be extended up to the full value of the DC input voltage. In the proposed topology a control used called the integral sliding-mode (ISM) control and this control is used to enhance its dynamics and to ensure strength of the system during different operating conditions. Simulation model and results are used to authorise the proposed concept and simulations results show the effectiveness of the proposed inverter.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 96-106
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Finding Kicking Range of Sepak Takraw Game: Fuzzy Logic and Dempster-Shafer Theory Approach

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp187-193
Andino Maseleno , Md. Mahmud Hasan , Muhammad Muslihudin , Tri Susilowati
Sepak takraw is played by two regus, each consisting of three players. One of the three players shall be at the back and he is called a Tekong. The other two players shall be in front, one on the left and the other on the right. Having volley kicked a throw from the net by a team mate, the ball must then travel over the net to begin play. During the service, as soon as the Tekong kicks the ball, all the players are allowed to move about freely in their respective courts. The novel approach is the integration within a Tsukamoto's Fuzzy reasoning and inferences for evidential reasoning based on Dempster-Shafer theory. Sepak takraw is a highly complex net-barrier kicking sport that involves dazzling displays of quick reflexes, acrobatic twists, turns and swerves of the agile human body movement. Because of the human’s involvement in the game, the Fuzzy Logic type reasoning are the most appropriate. The individual rule outputs of Tsukamoto's Fuzzy reasoning scheme are crisp numbers, and therefore, the functional relationship between the input vector and the system output can be relatively easily identified. The result reveals that if  Tekong is kick far and front player is kick near then another regu's player is kick far, if  Tekong is kick near and front player is kick far then another regu's player is kick near, moreover possibility of kicking range is another regu's player is kick far in kicking range.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 187-193
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Apply Optimarin Ballast System for Vietnam’s Fleet to Prevent Sea Pollution from Non-Indigenous Aquatic Species

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp145-150
Dinh-Chien Dang , Ming-Hung Shu , Bi-Min Hsu , Thanh-Lam Nguyen , Phung-Kim Truong , Viet-Thanh Nguyen
Marine species are usually transported from one area to another by the ballast water used to provide safe operation for vessels. After entering a new environment, they may cause damage to the local ecosystem, leading to the disruptions of the entire marine ecosystem, and seriously affecting not only biodiversity but also several industries such as fishing and aquaculture. Therefore, the United Nations (UN) considers the presence of non-indigenous oceanic species to be one of the top four serious threats to the global environment; and, how to effectively control the non-indigenous aquatic species has captivated the special attentions of several scientists worldwide. With the significant development in the maritime industry, strict requirements the control and management of ships’ ballast water and sediments set by The UN's International Maritime Organization (IMO) have well shaped the trend in installing ballast water treatment systems. Among them, Optimarin Ballast System is preferably used in practice. However, currently, Vietnam’s fleets use a different chemical method which is not utilized elsewhere in the world. Because it is not environmentally friendly and its effectiveness hasn’t been validated yet, this paper suggests the application of OBS in the Vietnam’s fleet in order to prevent sea pollution from non-indigenous aquatic species and minimize its associated negative impacts as well as make the Vietnam’s fleet comply with IMO requirements in protecting the global environment for sustainable development.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 145-150
Publish at: 2016-04-01

Single Phase Variable Sampling Phase Locked Loop using Composite Observer

10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp49-60
K Arun , K Selvajyothi
An observer based variable sampling period phase locked loop is introduced for grid connected systems. The composite observer acts as an efficient estimator of the fundamental components from a periodic input signal rich in DC and harmonics. The observer gains are designed using pole placement technique, which inherently ensures the stability of this estimator.  Even under drift frequency, a constant number of samples (512) per cycle are maintained with the help of the numerically controlled oscillator. This makes the oscillator gain elements in the observer a constant and eliminates the trigonometric computation. This phase locked loop is found to be working in a wide range of frequency 40 – 70Hz. The performance of the proposed scheme is studied with a synthetic harmonic rich signal as well as validated by implementing the PLL in Cyclone IV FPGA with a real time grid voltage.
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page: 49-60
Publish at: 2016-04-01
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