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30,411 Article Results

Creating a smart bedroom for children by connecting PIR and LDR sensors to a microcontroller Arduino UNO ATmega328P

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp540-554
Ragmi M. Mustafa , Kujtim R. Mustafa , Refik Ramadani
Intelligent electronic systems are increasingly prevalent in modern society. The development of smart bedrooms for young children, especially those with developmental disabilities, it is based on the responses of passive infrared (PIR) and light dependent resistor (LDR) sensors. The PIR sensor detects children’s movement during the night, triggering the microcontroller to send a bit of 1 to the microcontroller pin connected to an electromagnetic relay, which then switches on a 220 VAC light to illuminate the bedroom. This only occurs if the LDR sensor has high resistance, indicating that the environment is completely dark. The functionality of this intelligent system mainly depends on the program code (sketch) uploaded to the Arduino UNO microcontroller module. The microcontroller is programmed to perform specific functions based on the sensors data. It is based on the responses of PIR and LDR sensors. The PIR sensor detects children’s movement during the night, triggering the microcontroller to send a bit of 1 to the microcontroller pin connected to an electromagnetic relay, which then switches on a 220 VAC light to illuminate the bedroom. This only occurs if the LDR sensor has high resistance, indicating that the environment is completely dark.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 540-554
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Learning disabilities teachers’ perceptions of employing artificial intelligence applications in teaching their students

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.32888
Mariam Alnaim , Ghada Al-Otaibi
This study explores the learning disabilities teachers’ perceptions of employing artificial intelligence (AI) applications in teaching their students in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative approach was utilized, distributing a questionnaire to 108 teachers of students with learning disabilities. Findings indicate a moderate level of AI application use, with tools like virtual reality (VR) and speech recognition being more commonly recognized and valued. However, other applications, such as Thinkster Math, remain underutilized, revealing gaps in effective AI integration. The study recommends targeted strategies to overcome barriers such as insufficient teacher training, lack of digital infrastructure, and the need for culturally responsive AI tools. Key solutions include developing professional development programs, improving access to technology, and providing financial incentives to encourage wider adoption. By addressing these challenges and implementing these recommendations, Saudi Arabia can enhance its special education landscape, enabling teachers to leverage AI as a transformative tool and fostering a more inclusive and adaptive learning environment for students with learning disabilities. This study underscores the need for continuous research and feedback to refine AI tools, ensuring they meet educational goals and improve student outcomes.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2732-2741
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Exploring ICT competency and communication preferences in higher education: insights from Croatia

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.33513
Hrvoje Budić , Marko Šostar , Arnaldo Ryngelblum
The digital transformation of education underscores the need for effective integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in higher education. This study examines differences in ICT usage between teaching staff and students across various types of higher education institutions in Croatia, focusing on the impact of institution type and academic programs on ICT usage levels, digital competencies, and communication preferences. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected via a survey distributed to 70 teaching staff and 472 students using random sampling from public universities, public polytechnics, and private higher education institutions. The results reveal significant disparities in digital competencies, with students in private institutions demonstrating higher ICT usage compared to public institutions. Additionally, both groups favor synchronous communication (SC), although students display a stronger preference. These findings highlight a digital divide within academia and the need for targeted ICT training, particularly in public institutions. The study proposes measures to enhance ICT infrastructure and develop digital competencies through systematic workshops and training sessions. This research emphasizes the importance of addressing digital inequalities and improving the quality of education by integrating advanced technological solutions in higher education.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2931-2944
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Driving school program to strengthening anti-corruption education within the integrity zone policy

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.28773
Suyadi Suyadi , Zalik Nuryana , Anom Wahyu Asmorojati , Anton Yudhana
For an extended period, education institutions have functioned independently, resulting in a notable disparity in educational quality. The Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) promotes collaboration between educational institutions and schools, with the aim of serving as mentors for joint program development. This groundbreaking research delves deeply into the pivotal roles played by both lecturers and students within the MBKM program. They emerge as mentors in the crusade for implementing anti-corruption education within the dynamic context of Sekolah Penggerak, also known as the driving school program (DSP). Conducted as a qualitative descriptive study, this research draws its data from the collaborative efforts between higher education institutions and schools in developing anti-corruption education, leading to recognition from the Indonesian Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK-RI). The data collection process unfolds through a meticulously orchestrated combination of observations, in-depth interviews, and thorough documentation. The findings of this study are nothing short of transformative, as they underscore how the active involvement of MBKM’s lecturers and students in anti-corruption education serves as a potent catalyst, reinforcing the integrity zone policy within the DSP program. This seamless integration of anti-corruption education with Islamic education, encompassing profound concepts like riswah (bribery), ghulul (betrayal), and mukabarah-ghasab (seizing), represents a paradigm shift in pedagogical strategies.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2722-2731
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Study on parental involvement in Vietnamese primary students’ learning: insights from the era of educational reform

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.32897
Thi Hong Hanh Van , Xuan Quang Tran , Thi Phuong Vy Nguyen , Thai Hung Le
In light of Vietnam’s recent educational reforms emphasizing competency-based learning, this research explores how Vietnamese parents engage in their children’s education and the relationship between this involvement and students’ academic performance. Employing both quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (interviews) methods, the study focuses on three critical aspects of parenting and the family environment, based on Epstein’s theory: communication between parents and teachers, volunteering, and collaboration with the community. Quantitative data, analyzed using SPSS software, revealed the frequency of parental involvement activities, providing a comprehensive picture of both common and less frequent activities. Pearson correlation results confirmed a positive relationship between active parental involvement and student performance. The qualitative findings further highlight the challenges parents face when engaging in their children’s education and offer suggestions for improving parental participation. Overall, the paper provides valuable insights into the dynamics of parental involvement in Vietnamese schools and proposes practical, contextually appropriate solutions to enhance educational quality by strengthening cooperation between schools and parents.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2487-2499
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Performance analysis of LDPC codes in MIMO-OFDM for next generation wireless systems

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp636-644
P. Aruna Kumari , Srinu Pyla , U. N. V. P. Rajendranath , Nirujogi Venkata Maheswara Rao
Fifth Generation communication systems overcome the limitations of the fourth-generation systems and ensure improved data rates, lower latency, and higher connection density. 5G technology has the potential to unlock new internet of things (IoT) applications by utilizing the technologies such as multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM), and Li-Fi. Low density parity check (LDPC) and polar codes are being preferred for data and control channels respectively in 5G systems as these coding techniques offer good error-detection and correction along with reduced latency. Morever, LDPC codes are power efficient. This paper aims to analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of LDPC codes in MIMO-OFDM System for different modulation schemes. LDPC codes improve the BER performance of OFDM and MIMO-OFDM systems. MIMO-OFDM systems deliver better BER performance over OFDM system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 636-644
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Hope and grit: the driving forces behind student-athletes’ motivation in sports and academics

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.32916
Jet C. Longakit , Joseph Lobo , Teejay Panganiban , Jay Mark D. Sinag , Elvie F. Celestial , Janice D. Ballera
While the challenges student-athletes face in balancing academics and sports have garnered increasing attention, few studies have explored how factors like hope and grit contribute to this balance and enhance motivation. This study investigated the relationship between hope, grit, and motivation of academic and sports of student-athletes. A total of 247 student-athletes of Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) answered a set of questionnaires assessing grit, dispositional hope, and student-athletes motivation towards sports and academics with the age range of 18-24 years old. Ethical approval was gained from the participants. The results showed that factors of hope (agency and pathways) and grit (consistency of interest or COI and perseverance of effort or POE) were significant predictors of motivation in sports and academics. This suggests that student-athletes with higher levels of hope and grit demonstrate increased motivation in both domains. These results could offer a more valuable insights for coaches, educators, and sports psychologist striving to support the long-term success and wellbeing of student-athletes.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2574-2583
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Machine learning in detecting and interpreting business incubator success data and datasets

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp446-456
Mochammad Haldi Widianto , Puji Prabowo
This research contributes to creating a proposed architectural model by utilizing several machine learning (ML) algorithms, heatmap correlation, and ML interpretation. Several algorithms are used, such as K-nearest neighbors (KNN) to the adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm, and heatmap correlation is used to see the relationship between variables. Finally, select K-best is used in the results, showing that several proposed model ML algorithms such as AdaBoost, CatBoost, and XGBoost have accuracy, precision, and recall of 94% and an F1-score of 93%. However, the computing time the best ML is AdaBoost with 0.081s. Then, finally, the proposed model results of the interpretation of AdaBoost using select K-best are the best features “last revenue” and “first revenue” with k feature values of 0.58 and 0.196, these features influence the success of the business. The results show that the proposed model successfully utilized model classification, correlation, and interpretation. The proposed model still has weaknesses, such as the ML model being outdated and not having too many interpretation features. The future research might maximize with ML models and the latest interpretations. These improvements could be in the form of ML algorithms that are more immune to data uncertainty, and interpretation of results with wider data.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 446-456
Publish at: 2025-08-01

An implementation of GAN analysis for criminal face identification system

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i2.pp963-972
Ayesha Sarosh , Govindu Komali , Vishnu Vardhan Battu , Laxmaiah Kocharla , Eswaree Devi Kopparavuri , Ooruchintala Obulesu , Praveen Mande , Amanulla Mohammad
In recent times, the criminal activities are growing at an exponential rate. For the prevention of crime, one of the main issues that are before the police are accurate identification of criminals and on the other hand the availability of police officers are not adequate. The most tedious task is tracking the suspect once a crime was committed. Over the years, several technical solutions have been presented to detect the criminals however most of them were not effective. One of the most significant characteristics for the identification of a person is face. Even identical twins have their own unique faces. Face identification is a challenging topic in computer vision because the human face is a dynamic entity with a high degree of visual variation. In this area, identification accuracy and speed are significant challenges. Hence to solve these issues, an implementation of generative adversarial network (GAN) analysis for criminal face identification system is presented. GAN is used for the identification of criminals. Recall, precision, accuracy, and F1-score are used to assess the performance of the presented technique. Compared to previous models, this model will achieve better performance for criminal face detection.
Volume: 39
Issue: 2
Page: 963-972
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Incremental prioritization using an iterative model for smallscale systems

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp565-574
Ameen Shaheen , Wael Alzyadat , Aysh Alhroob , A. Nasser Asfour
To improve customer satisfaction during the requirement engineering process and create higher consistency in the developed software, there is a growing trend toward the development and delivery of software in an incremental manner. This paper introduces a novel approach to prioritizing the initial development of core subsystems. This prioritization ensures that the most critical subsystems, which contribute significantly to the project’s overall success, are addressed first. Our method involves employing an incremental model with iterative modeling, where each subsystem is assigned a profitability score ranging from 1 to 10. The iterative model is then utilized to identify the most suitable subsystem for the next development stage. The results of our study indicate that utilizing the total profit weight in conjunction with the iterative model effectively identifies the central subsystem of the entire project. This approach proves to be the optimal starting point for development, helping streamline the process and contribute to a more efficient software delivery strategy.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 565-574
Publish at: 2025-08-01

The self-efficacy of education students in understanding materials and mathematical problem-solving

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.28223
Baiduri Baiduri , Usmiyatun Usmiyatun
The present study investigates the self-efficacy (SE) of education students concerning their understanding of educational materials and mathematical problem-solving skills. SE, a crucial motivational construct, plays a vital role in academic achievement and cognitive development. The research employed a quantitative approach, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from 155 mathematics education students and 67 biology education students. The questionnaire using a Likert-type scale comprised two main sections: one assessing SE beliefs related to understanding educational materials and the other focusing on SE beliefs associated with mathematical problem-solving. The data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including correlation analysis and independent t-tests by JASP 0.16.3.0. The findings provide valuable insights into the SE of education students in the context of different disciplines. The study reveals the overall SE levels of mathematics and biology education students in understanding educational materials and mathematical problem-solving are moderate level. There is no significant relationship between the SE of mathematics and biology education students in understanding materials and mathematical problem-solving. However, there are significant differences in SE for both understanding materials and mathematical problem-solving between the two groups. The implications of these findings for instructional practices are discussed.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2628-2639
Publish at: 2025-08-01

How digital platforms improve teaching: comparing teacher performance across Peru

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.32562
Yurfa Carolina Medina-Bedón , Liliana Asuncion Sumarriva-Bustinza , Mery Jesús Arias Huánuco , Hugo Augusto Carlos-Yangali , Gladys Margarita Espinoza-Herrera , Luis Donato Araujo-Reyes , Maura Natalia Alfaro-Saavedra , Yeni Yauri-Huiza , Zaida Olinda Pumacayo-Sanchez , Karina Eddmy Madrid-Gómez
This study addresses the challenge of enhancing pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) performance among primary education teachers in Peru, particularly in the context of increasing reliance on digital platforms. With significant regional and demographic disparities in access to digital resources, this research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital platforms in supporting teaching practices. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, the study analyzed data from the 2022 national unique test (PUN), which assesses cognitive and pedagogical skills among teachers, and a digital platform integration questionnaire (DPIQ) administered to 2,000 teachers. The findings revealed a positive correlation between digital platform usage and PCK performance, with younger and female teachers demonstrating higher scores. Urban teachers also outperformed their rural counterparts, highlighting regional disparities in digital access. The study concludes that integrating digital platforms into teaching practices can enhance PCK performance, but there is a need for targeted professional development and investment in digital infrastructure, particularly in underserved areas. Addressing these disparities is crucial to ensuring that all teachers can benefit from digital advancements, ultimately improving educational outcomes.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2966-2978
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Unveiling the role of critical thinking in education: regional analysis and predictive factors

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.33234
Muhammad Aizri Fadillah , Yul Ifda Tanjung , Usmeldi Usmeldi , Festiyed Festiyed
Despite its recognized importance, the role of critical thinking (CRIT) in promoting authentic problem-solving (APS), collaborative learning (COL), creative thinking (CRET), and knowledge creation efficacy (KCE) in different regional contexts still needs to be investigated. This study uses partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and partial least squares-multi group analysis (PLS-MGA) to evaluate the effect of CRIT on these skills and compare the effect between municipality and regency, using data from 431 high school students in Indonesia. The Ranger algorithm identified the main predictors of the impact of CRIT on the other skills. The findings revealed that CRIT significantly improved the impacts of these skills, with no significant differences between regions. The ability to provide sound reasoning and consider diverse perspectives were the main predictors. This study contributes to the relatively under-attended area of CRIT in Indonesian education by highlighting its important role in skills development.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 2640-2651
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Using Canva and Microsoft Teams to support students’ writing tasks

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.27985
Wan Zahidah Wan Sulaiman , zuraina ali , Zarina Mohd Ali , Shahid Hussain Shahid , Muhammad Ishtiaq , Norsuhaily Abu Bakar
Teachers and students face difficulties in remote learning. These difficulties can be greatly reduced by utilizing applications, such as Microsoft Teams (MS Teams) and Canva. This study investigates the effectiveness of using Canva and MS Teams as helpful resources for students assigned to write informative speech essays. Employing a sequential explanatory research design in a mixed-method approach, the study involved sixteen English majors from a private university located on Malaysia’s East Coast. Students used MS Teams to complete pre-and post-tests, and afterward, interviews were held to learn more about how they felt about using Canva. The pre and post-tests showed that students improved their writing abilities when using MS Teams since they had a chance to collaborate with their peers and teachers. Qualitative findings also revealed that online learning environments promoted interaction between students and teachers and between students and their peers. The results suggest that incorporating web tools like MS Teams and Canva could enhance students’ learning experience as they complete their writing projects. Overall, this study highlights the potential benefits of incorporating web technologies into the writing process and underscores the importance of seeking student feedback to improve the effectiveness of these tools.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 3295-3303
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Formation of key skills of the XXI century in the educational practice of a teacher

10.11591/ijere.v14i4.32968
Saltanat Beissembayeva , Zhanar Oshakbayeva , Gulfairuz Yerkibayeva , Karlygash Babayeva , Selime Chakanova
This study addresses the pressing need to develop key XXI century skills among teachers to effectively navigate the contemporary educational challenges that they are facing. Through interviews with 86 educators from Kazakh pedagogical universities, we identified several essential competencies, including digital literacy, critical thinking and collaboration, as being fundamental for successful teaching in modern contexts. The research proposes a multifaceted approach, employing innovative strategies such as active learning, project-based learning, and collaborative techniques, to seamlessly integrate these skills into the curriculum. The findings indicate that these methods not only enhance students’ practical experiences but also foster a supportive learning environment conducive to creativity and effective problem-solving. The study concludes by emphasizing the vital role of continuous professional development for teachers, ensuring they can adapt their pedagogical practices in response to the rapidly evolving demands of education today.
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page: 3125-3134
Publish at: 2025-08-01
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