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31,456 Article Results

Effect of DC link capacitor short-circuit on an inverter fed induction motor performance

10.11591/ijape.v14.i3.pp631-639
Cheikh Oudaa , Ethmane Isselem Arbih Mahmoud , Mohamed Amine Khelif , Ahmed Mohamed Yahya , Bendiabdellah Azeddine , Abdel Kader Mahmoud
Induction motors are widely used in industrial power plants because of their durability, reliability and high performance under different operating conditions of the electrical system. It is also important to note that most of these motors are controlled by variable frequency drives. By adjusting the drive parameters, the motor can be managed according to design. The reliability of motor control systems based on variable speed drives is therefore crucial for industrial applications. Unlike induction motors, the power supply components of these electrical machines are delicate and susceptible to faults. To enhance the performance of the control-motor system, it is essential for researchers to understand how faults affect the drive system as a whole. In this context, this paper addresses short-circuit faults in the intermediate circuit capacitor of an induction motor driven by an inverter. The simulation results of these capacitors faults are presented, and their impact on the behavior of the rectifier, the inverter, and the induction motor is analyzed and interpreted.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 631-639
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Incidence rate and spatial clustering of measles cases in Malaysia, 2018–2022

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25223
Mohd Rujhan Hadfi Mat Daud , Nor Azwany Yaacob , Wan Nor Arifin , Jamiatul Aida Md Sani , Wan Abdul Hannan Wan Ibadullah
The distribution of measles varies worldwide. Malaysia has seen fluctuating incidence rates of measles across its districts, highlighting the persistent challenge of measles control despite national vaccination efforts. This study aimed to map the incidence rates of measles and identify hotspots areas of measles in Malaysia between 2018 and 2022. The study utilized secondary data from the Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, and was analyzed through spatial autocorrelation techniques. Choropleth map applied to the incidence rate of measles and Global Moran’s I statistics quantified spatial autocorrelation, supplemented by local indicators of spatial association (LISA) for localized analysis. The measles incidence rate exceeded 500 per million population in Bintulu, Marudi, and Miri, Sarawak in 2018 and in Gua Musang, Kelantan in 2019. There is a downward trend in the incidence rate across the districts in Malaysia. The Global Moran’s I statistic revealed significant positive spatial autocorrelation of measles cases in Malaysia from 2018 to 2022. Districts, specifically in Klang Valley, have been identified as persistent hotspot areas. There is a need for continuous surveillance, adequate vaccination coverage, and supplementary public health measures, especially in identified hotspot areas, in order to achieve measles elimination goals in Malaysia.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1119-1128
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Thai E-sarn dance on balance and muscle strength in elderly women with falls risk

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25067
Warangkana Chompoopan , Worawut Chompoopan , Saowaluk Seedaket , Duangruedee Chotklang , Siratorn Pongjan , Tivapron Kombusadee
The risk of falls, which is a significant contributor to mortality among the elderly population, is increasing due to declining balance and muscle strength. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study to examine the effects of traditional Thai E-sarn on balance and muscle strength in older women living in the community. The experimental or control group consisted of 35 people. The experimental group participated in a 12-week fitness regimen utilizing Thai E-sarn. The control group avoided participating in any type of physical activity. The experimental group exhibited notable enhancements in their balance, muscle strength, and health parameters as compared to the control group. In the experimental group, the timed up and go test (TUG) score was reduced by 1.91 seconds (95%CI: 0.67 to 3.16), p=0.003, while the 30-second chair stand test (30CST) increased by 3.15 (95%CI: 1.24 to 5.04), p<0.002. Systolic blood pressure dropped by 6.58 mmHg, diastolic by 5.57, and heart rate by 5.29 beats per minute. These findings suggest regular Thai E-sarn dance may improve balance, muscle strength, and all other parameters. Additional investigation is required to elucidate the impact of exercise on enhancing the general health of older adults.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1267-1275
Publish at: 2025-09-01

The role of community-based organizations in improving rural female adolescents’ knowledge, attitude, and haemoglobin level

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.24321
Apriningsih Apriningsih , Rita Ismail , Ratri Ciptaningtyas , Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi , Dudung Angkasa , Fathimath Ana Nadheem
Addressing the prevalence of anemia in female adolescents requires the active engagement of multiple sectors. The COVID-19 pandemic has hampered the school-based weekly iron folate supplementation (WIFAS) program which may lead to an increased anemia prevalence in female adolescents. The role of community-based organizations in assisting preexisting programs is supposed to alleviate the prevalence effectively. This study aimed to analyze the role of a community-based organization (CBO) consisting of youth organizations and integrated services post cadres in a program to improve hemoglobin level in Sirnagalih Village, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. This pre-experimental study involved 89 female adolescents. After the intervention conducted by the CBO, significant differences were identified in the level of knowledge, attitudes, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels of female adolescents (p<0.05). The linear regression test obtained a statistical model equation related to female adolescents' Hb levels after being assisted by the CBO (R = 0.821, p = 0.000). The variable role of CBO, understanding media information, initial Hb level, adherence to consuming WIFAS, and habits to consume iron enhancer food of female adolescents can explain the Hb levels as much as 82%.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1419-1427
Publish at: 2025-09-01

The correlation between family empowerment and the role of family health tasks in preventing anemia during pregnancy

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25974
Mira Triharini , Sylvia Dwi Wahyuni , Ni Ketut Alit Armini , Elida Ulfiana , Zurinda Dwi Nur Lailiyaturrohmah , Ananda Amalia Ramadhani
Anemia in pregnancy can harm the mother and baby. Prevention of anemia in pregnant women cannot be separated from the role of the family. Increasing the role of the family requires family empowerment, especially from the husband. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between family empowerment and family role in preventing anemia during pregnancy. This study used a descriptive correlational approach. Sample was 150 of pregnant women who received antenatal care at the Klampis Ngasem and Pacar Keling Health Center, East Java, Indonesia, and were selected using a consecutive sampling method. A statistical test to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables is conducted using Spearman's Rho. and Chi-square. This study indicates a significant correlation between family empowerment and family role in prevention anemia during pregnancy (p = 0.000; r = 0.578). There is a relationship between the components of family empowerment and family function. Motivation (p = 0.000; r = 0.643), cognitive (p = 0.000; r = 0.552), and personal traits (p = 0.000; r = 0.565) correlated with family role in preventing anemia during pregnancy. Health workers need to provide education to increase family empowerment to increase the role of the family in the five family tasks in preventing anemia during pregnancy.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1375-1386
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Global stability of SEIM tuberculosis model with two infection phases and medication effects

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25899
Jovian Dian Pratama , Anindita Henindya Permatasari
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a significant global health issue, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates despite being a preventable and curable disease. The dynamics of TB transmission and the effects of treatment are critical to improving disease management. This study aims to analyze the global stability of a susceptible, exposed, infected, medicated (SEIM) model for TB transmission, incorporating the effects of medication and infection phases on disease progression. A deterministic SEIM model is proposed, dividing the population into four compartments: susceptible, exposed, infected, and medicated. The model accounts for treatment effects, including non-permanent immunity and the potential dormancy of MTB. Stability analysis was conducted using Lyapunov functions to evaluate equilibrium points, and the basic reproduction number (ℜ0) was derived to determine disease dynamics. The analysis reveals that when ℜ0 < 1, the system is globally asymptotically stable at the non-endemic equilibrium, indicating disease eradication. Conversely, when ℜ0 >1, the system converges to the endemic equilibrium, signifying sustained transmission within the population. These findings highlight the critical role of treatment and infection dynamics in controlling TB spread. The SEIM model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding TB transmission dynamics and emphasizes the importance of reducing (ℜ0) through effective public health interventions. Further research is recommended to validate the model with empirical data and explore its applicability in different epidemiological settings.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1137-1150
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Attitude as a mediator between socio-ecological factors and non-communicable disease management: a study protocol

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25308
Azrin Shah Abu Bakar , Haliza Abdul Rahman , Ahmad Iqmer Nashriq Mohd Nazan
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen in Malaysia, and people with low socioeconomic status are more vulnerable to NCDs. Previous studies on the management of non-communicable disease have focused on aspects of socioeconomic factors, individual factors, and psychosocial factors. However, there is limited information on socio-ecological factors (e.g. intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal factors) and their direct and indirect effect of socio-ecological factors on non-communicable disease management mediated by attitude has not been investigated. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of attitude as a mediator between socio-ecological factors and non-communicable disease management among support staff in Putrajaya, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling will be conducted at selected Ministries, in Putrajaya Malaysia. The questionnaire will assess respondents’ background information, knowledge of non-communicable disease, attitude towards preventing non-communicable disease and chronic illness resources survey (CIRS) to measure socio-ecological factors. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used in data analysis using SPSS and SEM with AMOS software. The findings will provide a theoretical model for understanding the various factors that determine towards non-communicable disease management through mediation of attitude.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1387-1393
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses caring for surgical cerebral aneurysm patients in a Thai Tertiary Hospital

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25981
Palama Sobut , Boonyada Wongpimoln , Supattra Pleaynongkhae , Kitiyarat Hanlue , Sattawas Udonsat
Ruptured cerebral aneurysm after surgery is a critical condition that necessitates vigilant monitoring and early detection of complications by staff nurses. Therefore, an appropriate level of skill and knowledge related to the management of patients undergoing surgery is crucial for nurses to support these patients. The current research aimed to examine KAP indicators (knowledge, attitude, and practice) among nurses in this context, making use of a cross-sectional study design involving the participation of 111 staff nurses selected randomly from one tertiary hospital located in the northeast of Thailand. The study was carried out during February – June 2024, making use of a survey to acquire demographic data along with a questionnaire to measure the KAP indicators. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient. The finding revealed that the overall KAP score on caring patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm undergoing surgery was high. However, the correlation observed between knowledge/attitude/age/duration of experience for caring patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm undergoing surgery and practice was shown to be both positive and significant (p<0.05). Therefore, nurse administrators should implement a comprehensive knowledge training system, enhance specialized training, and improve nursing practices for these patients. This will help to ensure that staff nurses achieve a high level of KAP in providing optimal care for these patients.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1561-1568
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Interdisciplinary diagnostics and dental treatment: clinical case report of a 13-year-old female patient

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25253
Dobrinka Mitkova Damyanova , Sirma Todorova Angelova , Yoana Rumenova Ruseva
The study was conducted at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Medical-Dental Center, Varna, Bulgaria, in 2023, with permission and informed consent from the parents and the patient. Patient K. Vl. Ts., 13 years old from the city of Varna, comes without complaints. The reason for the visit is a desire to consult an orthodontist and start orthodontic treatment. The patient had a hospital stay at the age of 8 due to an operation - adenoidectomy. PLI - Plaque index by Silness and Löe with a value equal to 1.58, which defines oral hygiene as satisfactory to poor. Exogenous prophylaxis was performed. Treatment of plaque-associated gingival inflammation with professional oral hygiene and application of fluoride varnish every 3 months. Treatment of dental caries is operative: Teeth 27, 36, 37, 47 - with caries occlusalis D 2-3, lesions - after minimally invasive operative treatment with a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) placed, a definitive filling was made with photo-composite and sealant application of the healthy pits and fossae of the fissure. Patients and their parents should be trained to practice excellent oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment in order to reduce the risk of developing dental caries.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1276-1283
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Exploring spatial variations and risk factors associated with cesarean section delivery in Bangladesh

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.24700
Md. Saiful Islam , Md. Junayeth Bhuiyan , Md. Sharif Miah , Md. Mamunur Rashid
This study was to explore the spatial variations and risk factors of cesarean delivery in Bangladesh. We used the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-18 data. The Getis-Ord Gi* statistic was applied to assess the hot spots and cold spots of cesarean delivery, and a multilevel logistic regression model was utilized to determine the risk factors related to cesarean delivery in Bangladesh. This study found that one-third of all births (33%; 95% CI = 30.68-34.66) delivered through cesarean section. The hot spots of cesarean delivery were in Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi and Rangpur divisions. The cold spots were in Barisal, Rangpur, and Sylhet divisions. Women with higher education (OR =2 .24, 95% CI = 1.49-3.36), overweight/obese women (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.63–2.63) and women from Khulna division (OR = 1.87, 95% CI= 1.32–2.64) were significantly associated with cesarean section. Therefore, concentrating on factors including women’s education, partner's education, partner’s occupation, age at first birth, wealth index, women’s body mass index (BMI) status, media exposure, and divisions might play a crucial role in reducing the unnecessary cesarean section in Bangladesh.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1367-1374
Publish at: 2025-09-01

The application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card in early detection of the risk of preeclampsia

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25375
Syaiful Syaiful , Nurwahidah Nurwahidah , Sulaiman Lalu
Preeclampsia pregnancy complications can negatively impact the fetal in the womb, potentially leading to delayed or non-developmental growth. This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card on the early detection of preeclampsia risk. The study employed a quasi-experimental design, with an intervention group receiving the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card and a control group receiving counselling on preeclampsia. The study utilized purposive sampling with 100 cadres divided into two groups, focusing on four health centers in Bima, Indonesia, and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Knowledge in the intervention group increased significantly in both knowledge and ability categories. However, in the control group, knowledge and ability did not differ significantly. The application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card in the intervention group was better than counselling conducted by the health center for the early detection of preeclampsia. There was a significant difference between the levels of knowledge and ability in the intervention group (p<0.005). In conclusion, the application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card is more effective in increasing knowledge and the ability to detect preeclampsia early than the counselling method conducted by a health center.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1330-1337
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Relationship between employment changes and psychosocial discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25746
María Teresa Solís-Soto , María Soledad Burrone , Armando Basagoitia , Luna Rojas , Paulina Valenzuela , Catalina Barrientos , Fabiola Molina , Daniela Valdés , Silvina Arrosi , Silvina Ramos , Paulina Rincón , Loreto Villagran Valenzuela
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the containment and prevention measures established at the global and national level, daily life activities were affected, deepening inequities in Chile and impacting the population's mental health. The study's objective was to analyze the relationship between working conditions and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. For this, a cross-sectional study was implemented using an anonymous and self-administered online questionnaire, reaching a final sample size of 784 people ≥18 years. The questionnaire explored sociodemographics, work, income, and psychological distress information. We computed logistic regression models to assess risk factors associated with psychological discomfort. Data showed that higher percentage of women dedicate more hours per week to household chores, caring for other people, and accompanying schoolwork than men. More than half of the participants (55%) reported psychological discomfort, with household income reduction as the main risk factor. Our results reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile, with a severe decrease in household income, a risk factor for psychological discomfort. It is important to implement strategies to protect mental health during health emergencies, considering more vulnerable populations.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1201-1209
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Alcohol-based hand sanitizer use among university students in Bangladesh: knowledge, practices, and influencing factors

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25429
Md Ekhtekharul Islam , Monsur Chowdhury , Fahmida Hassin , Hafizur Rahman , Kulsum Ara
Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic in December 2019, it has become a significant threat to the health and lives of the global population. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) approved alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) as an alternative hand hygiene method to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection. As a result, during the COVID-19 epidemic, the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers expanded rapidly, particularly among students. In Bangladesh, there has been a substantial growth of ABHS producers since the outbreak of coronavirus. Greater emphasis was placed on the necessity to use ABHS for protection but but placed less emphasis on safe use. This research attempts to assess the knowledge, practices, and influencing factors related to ABHS usage among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 800 university students using a semi-structured questionnaire. More than half of the students buy alcohol-based hand sanitizer due to their effectiveness. The multiple regression analysis suggests that age, sex, and family income sources have affected students' knowledge and practice scores associated with alcohol-based hand sanitizers. This study highlights the need for proper ABHS usage, handling, and selection for maximum efficacy against targeted infections and safe ABHS use. Only adequate awareness and knowledge on hand hygiene practices can reduce the risks of pathogen transmission, either directly or indirectly.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1479-1488
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Exploring the role of swimming in enhancing diet-based weight loss programs for athletes

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25330
Cherkaoui Sidi Hassan , Mouane Nezha
This study explores the synergistic effects of customized dietary strategies and aerobic exercise, specifically swimming, on achieving weight loss while preserving muscle mass in athletes. The research highlights the importance of a holistic approach to weight management, integrating personalized diet plans with tailored exercise regimens. The study segmented participants into two groups, one following a standard diet for weight maintenance and another adhering to a similar diet augmented by regular swimming sessions aimed at weight loss. Results indicate that the diet-plus-swimming group exhibited significantly greater reductions in weight and body mass index (BMI) compared to the diet-only group, suggesting that incorporating swimming enhances the effectiveness of dietary interventions. These findings emphasize the potential of combining physical activities such as swimming with dietary modifications to achieve optimal weight management outcomes, providing a comprehensive approach to athlete health management. The study also underscores the need for personalized strategies that consider individual characteristics and preferences to support sustainable weight loss and improved health outcomes.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1452-1458
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Quality of life among peri menopausal and post-menopausal women from rural area of Western India

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26055
Sanjana Maniktalla , Jayashree Sachin Gothankar , Arvinder Pal Singh Narula
Menopause, remains a poorly investigated topic holding increased taboo. In addition to symptoms categorized under vasomotor, vaginal, energy, food and insomnia, it is linked to occurrence of various medical comorbidities. Understanding the status of menopause symptoms and awareness will help provide insight on how it influences women’s quality of life. Objective was to assess the association of menopause on attributes of sleep, energy, memory, work, leisure and everyday activities affecting quality of life. This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted over three months in randomly selected villages under rural field practice area of private medical college in Maharashtra. Data was collected during health camps along with house visits. Research tool containing socio-demographic, menopausal status and quality of life components was used targeting women aged 40-65 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to find odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio respectively for menopausal symptoms with associated attributes at 5% level of significance and 95% CI. Results showed the mean age of women was 48.16 years ±8.4 SD, by which 57% had fully attained menopause and it was associated with significant changes in sleep, memory and physical relations. This study lays emphasis on the fact that menopause period is associated with sleep and memory disturbances as well as physical relations in rural women. It also highlights on the poor knowledge and attitude pertaining to menopause in a rural setup.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1347-1356
Publish at: 2025-09-01
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