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Interdisciplinary diagnostics and dental treatment: clinical case report of a 13-year-old female patient

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25253
Dobrinka Mitkova Damyanova , Sirma Todorova Angelova , Yoana Rumenova Ruseva
The study was conducted at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Medical-Dental Center, Varna, Bulgaria, in 2023, with permission and informed consent from the parents and the patient. Patient K. Vl. Ts., 13 years old from the city of Varna, comes without complaints. The reason for the visit is a desire to consult an orthodontist and start orthodontic treatment. The patient had a hospital stay at the age of 8 due to an operation - adenoidectomy. PLI - Plaque index by Silness and Löe with a value equal to 1.58, which defines oral hygiene as satisfactory to poor. Exogenous prophylaxis was performed. Treatment of plaque-associated gingival inflammation with professional oral hygiene and application of fluoride varnish every 3 months. Treatment of dental caries is operative: Teeth 27, 36, 37, 47 - with caries occlusalis D 2-3, lesions - after minimally invasive operative treatment with a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) placed, a definitive filling was made with photo-composite and sealant application of the healthy pits and fossae of the fissure. Patients and their parents should be trained to practice excellent oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment in order to reduce the risk of developing dental caries.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1276-1283
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Alcohol-based hand sanitizer use among university students in Bangladesh: knowledge, practices, and influencing factors

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25429
Md Ekhtekharul Islam , Monsur Chowdhury , Fahmida Hassin , Hafizur Rahman , Kulsum Ara
Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic in December 2019, it has become a significant threat to the health and lives of the global population. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) approved alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) as an alternative hand hygiene method to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection. As a result, during the COVID-19 epidemic, the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers expanded rapidly, particularly among students. In Bangladesh, there has been a substantial growth of ABHS producers since the outbreak of coronavirus. Greater emphasis was placed on the necessity to use ABHS for protection but but placed less emphasis on safe use. This research attempts to assess the knowledge, practices, and influencing factors related to ABHS usage among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 800 university students using a semi-structured questionnaire. More than half of the students buy alcohol-based hand sanitizer due to their effectiveness. The multiple regression analysis suggests that age, sex, and family income sources have affected students' knowledge and practice scores associated with alcohol-based hand sanitizers. This study highlights the need for proper ABHS usage, handling, and selection for maximum efficacy against targeted infections and safe ABHS use. Only adequate awareness and knowledge on hand hygiene practices can reduce the risks of pathogen transmission, either directly or indirectly.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1479-1488
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Improved knowledge, attitude, and practice during COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese in Mainland China compared to Malaysian

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25586
Shucheng Li , Bin Seng Low
COVID-19 is currently inconspicuous yet to be eradicated. Since knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) are important elements in containing the outbreak, it is worth ascertaining the KAP in preventing COVID-19. Present study compared the KAP of the respondents from the two countries China and Malaysia on COVID-19 outbreak. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test and one-way ANOVA on the data were performed. A total of 390 respondents from Malaysia and 395 respondents from China were participated in the study. Results showed gender, education level, and age were associated with overall better knowledge (p<0.05) in China. In Malaysia, positive attitudes towards COVID-19 were more prevalent among degree holders and within the age range of 18 to 30 years. However, differences by gender, education level, age and monthly income between Chinese and Malaysian respondents on attitude were found significant (p<0.05). During the pandemic, the preventive practices were associated with education and age (p<0.05) for both Chinese and Malaysian respondents. In conclusion, Chinese respondents demonstrated better knowledge and more positive attitudes compared to Malaysians, highlighting the need for comprehensive educational programs in Malaysia to enhance public KAP regarding COVID-19 prevention, particularly among less educated and older populations.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1179-1188
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Enhancing privacy in document-oriented databases using searchable encryption and fully homomorphic encryption

10.11591/ijeecs.v39.i3.pp1661-1672
Abdelilah Belhaj , Soumia Ziti , Souad Najoua Lagmiri , Karim El Bouchti
In cloud-based not only SQL (NoSQL) databases, maintaining data privacy and the integrity are critically challenged by the risks of unauthorized external access and potential threats from malicious insiders. This paper presents a proxy-based solution that provides privacy-preserving by combining searchable encryption and brakerski-fan-vercauteren (BFV) fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) to facilitate secure search and aggregate query execution on encrypted data. Through extensive performance evaluations and security analyses, we show that our approach offers a robust solution for privacy-preserving data operations, with performance overhead introduced by the use of FHE. This solution gives an opportunity for a robust framework for secure data management and querying in NoSQL databases, with promising implications for practical deployment and future research. This work represents a significant advancement in the secure handling of data in NoSQL oriented databases, supplying a practical solution for privacy-conscious organizations.
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Page: 1661-1672
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Exploring the role of swimming in enhancing diet-based weight loss programs for athletes

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25330
Cherkaoui Sidi Hassan , Mouane Nezha
This study explores the synergistic effects of customized dietary strategies and aerobic exercise, specifically swimming, on achieving weight loss while preserving muscle mass in athletes. The research highlights the importance of a holistic approach to weight management, integrating personalized diet plans with tailored exercise regimens. The study segmented participants into two groups, one following a standard diet for weight maintenance and another adhering to a similar diet augmented by regular swimming sessions aimed at weight loss. Results indicate that the diet-plus-swimming group exhibited significantly greater reductions in weight and body mass index (BMI) compared to the diet-only group, suggesting that incorporating swimming enhances the effectiveness of dietary interventions. These findings emphasize the potential of combining physical activities such as swimming with dietary modifications to achieve optimal weight management outcomes, providing a comprehensive approach to athlete health management. The study also underscores the need for personalized strategies that consider individual characteristics and preferences to support sustainable weight loss and improved health outcomes.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1452-1458
Publish at: 2025-09-01

The application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card in early detection of the risk of preeclampsia

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25375
Syaiful Syaiful , Nurwahidah Nurwahidah , Sulaiman Lalu
Preeclampsia pregnancy complications can negatively impact the fetal in the womb, potentially leading to delayed or non-developmental growth. This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card on the early detection of preeclampsia risk. The study employed a quasi-experimental design, with an intervention group receiving the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card and a control group receiving counselling on preeclampsia. The study utilized purposive sampling with 100 cadres divided into two groups, focusing on four health centers in Bima, Indonesia, and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Knowledge in the intervention group increased significantly in both knowledge and ability categories. However, in the control group, knowledge and ability did not differ significantly. The application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card in the intervention group was better than counselling conducted by the health center for the early detection of preeclampsia. There was a significant difference between the levels of knowledge and ability in the intervention group (p<0.005). In conclusion, the application of the Dhiana Setyorini Score Card is more effective in increasing knowledge and the ability to detect preeclampsia early than the counselling method conducted by a health center.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1330-1337
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Nutritional status and anxiety levels of adolescent during COVID-19 pandemic

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.22550
Ratna Indriawati , Bambang Edi Susyanto , Farah Dita Amany , Tunjung Wibowo
The COVID-19 pandemic has had various health impacts, experienced by all age groups. However, many health problems are experienced by adolescents. The nutritional and psychological issues of teenagers during the COVID-19 pandemic require additional investigation. This study seeks to investigate the nutritional status and anxiety levels of teenagers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The cross-sectional research. Boys and girls aged 14-18 years became the research subject, who was chosen by using incidental sampling. The independent variable is nutritional status. The variable is anxiety. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire, the assessment of nutritional status using body mass index, and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS/SRAS) for psychological status. It reported that there is no influence between nutritional status and anxiety in adolescents (p>0.05). There is no influence between nutritional status and anxiety in adolescents.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1436-1440
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Effectiveness of school-based nutrition education on obesity and nutritional status of adolescent girls: a scoping review

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26131
Sehar Iqbal , Saira Zafar , Syed Hassan Bin Usman Shah , Abdul Momin Rizwan Ahmad
School based nutrition education is an effective way to improve nutritional status of adolescent girls through changing their dietary behaviors. This scoping review therefore aimed to summarize the available literature evaluating the effectiveness of school-based nutrition education interventions on anthropometric measures and nutritional status of adolescent girls. A systematic approach following the PRISMA guidelines was adopted to investigate the effects of nutrition education in schools. A search term and an eligibility criterion were applied and 2 databases, i.e., Scopus and PubMed were selected to retrieve the existing literature. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 11 studies and data from 3957 participants were included in this review. School-education intervention was taken as an independent variable to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs. Most of the studies found the beneficial effects of school-based nutrition programs to reduce obesity among adolescent girls. However, a few studies (n = 4) did not show any significant impact of nutrition education programs to improve nutritional status of this age-group girls. Our review reported the beneficial effect of school health-education programs to reduce obesity in adolescent girls. A holistic approach with more professional training for teachers based on health promotion strategies, inclusion of nutrition education into the curriculum, operative follow-up and evaluations are needed to implement more effective school-based nutrition education programs.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1243-1255
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Prevalence and health literacy on high blood pressure among late adulthood individuals in Northeast Thailand: a cross sectional study

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.24980
Kittipong Sornlorm , Arunrat Puncha Glingasorn
High blood pressure (HBP) is a leading risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality. This study aimed to identify health literacy and other characteristics associated with HBP among late adults in Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,345 adults aged 35-59 years from Health Centers 7, 8, 9, and 10 in Northeast Thailand. Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) were used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (Adj. OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results showed a prevalence of HBP at 24.76% (95% CI: 22.52-27.13). Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between HBP and health literacy in finding health information (Adj. OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.28-1.96, p-value<0.001), as well as judging health information (Adj. OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1.73, p-value=0.024). Additionally, history of smoking (Adj. OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.29-3.24, p-value = 0.002), comorbidity (Adj. OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.76-2.74, p-value <0.001), physical activity (Adj. OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.28-2.16, p-value <0.001), and body mass index (Adj. OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.14-4.26, p-value=0.018) were found to be associated with HBP. Poor health literacy increases the risk of HBP. Relevant authorities must evaluate the group context and develop a suitable health literacy model.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1576-1584
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Impact of leadership approaches and appraisal practices on hospital workforce and environment

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26182
Subodh S. Satheesh , Anila Cholleti
Hospital appraisal practices can directly impact workforce-based outcomes, including work performance, retention rate, and physical and emotional well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of performance appraisals and leadership approaches on the overall job satisfaction of the workforce in healthcare settings. A descriptive cross-sectional method was employed to collect data from 258 randomly selected health workforce from different private hospitals in Bangalore, India. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the appraisal process, leadership approaches, and sentiments. SPSS version 26 and Python 3.13 were used for statistical analysis. Most of the participants (62.2%) had a good understanding of the performance appraisal process, viewing it as essential for professional growth (95%) and work quality (96.5%). However, 53.8% felt that appraisal requirements were poorly communicated, with 58.9% reporting common unfair practices. Over half of them (56.3%) acknowledged their manager's influence, but only 43.6% expressed moderate satisfaction. This study found that despite the good understanding of the performance appraisal among the study participants, the lack of communication and the unethical work environment contributed to dissatisfaction. Thus, organizations should develop a more transparent, fair, and employee-centric appraisal system to enhance job satisfaction, workforce stability, and overall patient care quality.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1412-1418
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Maternal behavior in provider of reproductive health education to early childhood

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.24153
Melisa Yenti , Inda Mustika Permata , Mivtahurrahimah Mivtahurrahimah
Society often views sex education for early childhood as taboo, believing it is inappropriate for young children. However, early health education plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of sexual violence. In 2022, the Indonesian government recorded a high incidence of sexual violence, with 11.016 reported cases. This study examines the factors that influence maternal behavior in providing reproductive health education to early childhood in West Sumatra during 2021. This study uses a quantitative cross-sectional study method, the research conducted in May to October 2021 in West Sumatra. The study involved 257 mothers with children aged 3-6 years, selected through cluster sampling. We analyzed the data using univariate and bivariate analysis, employing the Chi-square method. The result shows that factors such as attitudes (0.029), exposure to information (<0.001), and family support (<0.001) significantly influence maternal behavior in providing reproductive health education. However, knowledge levels do not show a significant influence on maternal behavior. In addressing these findings, we recommend strengthening family support through family counseling training programs and increasing the availability and accessibility of information on reproductive health education.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1323-1329
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Enhancing cancer patient care via nursing apps: a systematic review

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26000
Dwi Retnaningsih , Niken Sukesi , Rozaq Isnaini Nugraha , Reanita Anggis Deraya , Maulida Izzatin Ni’mah , Iva Anissya Putri , Sinta Selviana
Digital health interventions have been shown to be effective in improving the quality of life for cancer patients through education, symptom management, and psychosocial support. This research aims to identify application content that can enhance the quality of life for cancer patients. The method used is a systematic review based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design (PICOS) criteria. From the search, 941 articles were found in the JSTOR database (n = 11), Science Direct (n = 54), ProQuest (n = 609), and Springer Link (n = 267), with a publication period from 2019 to 2024. The keywords used include: nursing applications, cancer, application content, quality of life, and randomized clinical trials (RCT). The inclusion criteria encompass RCT published in peer-reviewed journals, written in English, and utilizing digital applications as interventions to improve the quality of life for cancer patients. This research includes patients aged 16-80 from various countries, including China, Turkey, Ireland, Taiwan, and Australia. The results show that digital interventions such as digital storytelling, education through applications, nurse support programs, and virtual reality significantly improve patients' quality of life. The intervention content includes six main themes: medical education, symptom management, psychosocial support, multidisciplinary interventions, physical activity, and relaxation, as well as interactive digital platforms.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1232-1242
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Assessment of depression, malnutrition and co-morbidities of geriatric individuals in rural areas of Bangladesh

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26155
Mst. Umme Hafsa Begum , Md. Nazrul Islam , Afsana Akter , Lima Akter , Mst. Trisha Akter , Md. Abul Hasnat , Mst. Rokshana Rabeya
In rural Bangladesh, elderly populations face distinct health challenges, with depression, malnutrition, and co-morbidities significantly impacting their well-being. This cross-sectional study evaluated 384 older adults across four divisions of Bangladesh using the geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), mini nutritional assessment (MNA), and Katz Index of activities of daily living (ADL). Depression was found among 62.8% of respondents. About 13.0% of participants were malnourished, and 51.8% were at risk of malnutrition. Self reported hypertension (47.1%), arthritis (46.4%), dental problems (43.5%), and insomnia (37.0%) were profound among respondents. The risk of dementia, anorexia, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension was higher among males than females. Geriatric depression was significantly higher in the elderly who were residing in a nuclear family than their counterparts (AOR = 2.114; 95% CI = 1.328-3.365). Additionally, being unemployed was identified as an independent predictor of GD (AOR = 1.992, 95% CI: 1.070 3.709, p = .030). The higher prevalence of depression and risk of malnutrition highlight the pressing requirement for well-coordinated and comprehensive healthcare strategies. The development of multifaceted approaches, incorporating mental health services, nutritional interventions, and socioeconomic support, would enhance elders' well-being.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1620-1628
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Bacterial meningitis knowledge, attitude and practice study among parents: a cross-sectional study

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.25942
Siham Jbari , Karima El-Mouhdi , Hajar El Omari , Mounir Bourrous , Samia Boussaa
In Morocco, bacterial meningitis has consistently posed a significant public health challenge. Addressing this issue requires a deeper understanding of public perceptions to enhance awareness and prevention efforts. This quantitative cross-sectional study, conducted in health facilities in the Marrakech-Safi region from May 2022 to January 2023, employed Cronbach's Alpha with a reliability score of 72% to analyze the association between knowledge levels and various factors. The research revealed that the majority of participants were aged between 20 and 30 years (51.8%) and female (64.4%). The term most commonly used by Moroccans to describe purulent meningitis was “bad fever” (Skhana lkhayba), with 68.8% using this term. Additionally, 82% of participants had an average level of knowledge about the disease. Analysis indicated that families with four children demonstrated a higher level of knowledge compared to those with fewer or more children (p = 0.048). Participants residing in structured housing had a lower level of knowledge than those in unstructured housing (p = 0.017). Furthermore, educational attainment at the primary and secondary school levels was significantly associated with knowledge levels (p = 0.020 and p = 0.015, respectively). Understanding public perceptions and vulnerabilities related to bacterial meningitis can significantly improve disease control and prevention strategies.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1210-1220
Publish at: 2025-09-01

Genome mining of secondary metabolites from marine Streptomyces spp. as potent therapeutics for RET-specific non small-cell lung cancer

10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26208
Rhydhy Rasika Gurmuras , HemaNandini Rajendran Krishnamoorthy , Ramanathan Karuppasamy
The rearranged during transfection (RET) gene encodes a tyrosine kinase oncogene implicated in various cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Till now, multiple kinase inhibitors are commonly used to treat RET-positive NSCLC. However, these inhibitors often exhibit significant toxicity and demonstrate reduced efficacy and specificity toward RET. Recently, bioactive compounds derived from marine sources have shown promising anticancer properties. Therefore, this study aimed to identify effective bioactive compounds from marine Streptomyces species using a virtual screening approach to address these limitations. A literature search identified 20 marine Streptomyces species as potential sources of bioactive compounds. The antibiotics and secondary metabolite analysis shell (antiSMASH) online tool were used to analyze the gene clusters of these marine Streptomyces species, revealing 7,251 metabolites. A total of 661 distinct metabolites were analyzed through a comprehensive array of virtual screening methodologies. The molecular docking and pharmacokinetic analysis resulted in the identification of four metabolites with better binding scores and pharmacological properties than pralsetinib. Collectively, we hypothesize that the identified bioactive compounds could be considered as potent leads for further analysis.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1629-1634
Publish at: 2025-09-01
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