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31,456 Article Results

Assessment of heavy metals concentration of Mapanuepe Lake, Zambales, Philippines

10.11591/ijaas.v13.i4.pp850-859
Ma. Shiela G. Mendoza , Danilo V. Rogayan Jr.
Despite the absence of recent research, Mapanuepe Lake in the Philippines has been a significant environmental concern due to potential heavy metal contamination. Hence, the study assessed the heavy metal concentration of water and surface sediments and identified the other physicochemical properties of Mapanuepe Lake in San Marcelino, Zambales, Philippines. This descriptive research employed physical profiling and physicochemical characterization of water and surface sediments of the lake. Six sampling stations in the lake were selected based on their current land use and nearness to the point source of heavy metal pollution. The study found that the Mapanuepe Lake is a thriving place for algae and zooplankton. The heavy metal concentration of the lake water and sediment sample is within the standard limit. The water conductivity is considered to be within the standards. In terms of pH level, the sampling sites obtained a pH level within the acceptable limit. The concentration of heavy metals in the lake water and sediments is generally within the standard limit. Other physicochemical properties are also in the acceptable range. The community people and local government must collaborate to implement the crafted strategic environmental sustainability plan, which includes biodiversity conservation and ecotourism promotion. Likewise, the study provides updated and comprehensive data on the status of the lake's heavy metal concentration for policy formulation and further research.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 850-859
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Solar cell based power-bank prototype as a media to increase students' scientific literacy

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp989-1004
Afrizal Mayub , Ega Marita Delima , Euis Nursa’adah , Fahmizal Fahmizal , Lazfihma Lazfihma
This research aims to i) implement the solar cell based power-bank prototype for learning media; ii) describe the feasibility of the solar cell-based power-bank prototype for learning; and iii) describe students' scientific literacy. This research method uses the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) research and development model. The subjects of this research are class IX students and science teachers at SMPN 4 Central Bengkulu. Data collection techniques include questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The data analysis technique uses N-gain analysis, percentages, and the Aiken's V formula. The research results show that the media developed is valid with an Aiken index value of 0.98 > the minimum standard Aiken' V of 0.92 and can increase students' scientific literacy based on an N-gain of 0.92. 0.71, this can be seen in the dimensions of context and content based on N-gain of 0.73 and 0.69, while the dimensions of attitude, curiosity, respect, and willingness, reflect the respective percentages of 79.62%, 78.86%, 78.89%, 75.60%. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, the sig value is obtained. (2 tailed) 0.000 < 0.05 which means Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, which means the solar cell-based renewable energy media used in science learning influences the increase in students' scientific literacy.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 989-1004
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Preliminary diagnosis of respiratory diseases: an innovative approach using a web expert system

10.11591/ijece.v14i6.pp6600-6611
Laberiano Andrade-Arenas , Pedro Molina-Velarde , Cesar Yactayo-Arias
This study addressed the challenge of accurate and timely diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as influenza, asthma, and pneumonia by developing and evaluating a web-based expert system. The objective was to develop and assess both the usability and diagnostic efficiency of a web- based expert system adaptable to mobile devices. A combined methodological approach was used, using the rapid application development (RAD) model to build the system and the user usability system (SUS) to evaluate the usability with the participation of 15 users and 21 simulated cases with a confusion matrix to determine the precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the system in diagnosing respiratory diseases. The results showed that the expert system has a considerable capacity to identify and differentiate these diseases, with a precision of 86%, an accuracy of 76%, a sensitivity of 80%, and a specificity of 67%. Furthermore, the usability evaluation using the SUS method yielded an average of 82, indicating a positive perception and good usability by the users. In conclusion, although the results suggest a promising potential to improve the diagnostic process in clinical and community settings, the need for future studies to validate its performance in real clinical settings is recognized.
Volume: 14
Issue: 6
Page: 6600-6611
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Grid-connected double-stage PV system with space vector PWM inverter and MPPT

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp900-908
Ankathi Manjula , A. Ramesh Babu
Because of the increasing demand for non-conventional energy sources, photovoltaic system integration into the electrical grid is becoming more crucial. It is advised to employ a double-stage grid-connected PV system. This can be employed with the main parts boost converter, which helps to boost the DC output from the PV channels. And next one is the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) inverter which can provide better harmonic performance and higher efficiency compared to traditional PWM methods. The SVPWM technique is employed to modulate the inverter output, generating a sinusoidal AC waveform that matches the grid frequency and voltage. By adjusting the pulse width to achieve effective and trustworthy grid integration. To maximize power extraction takes place by using maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The SVPWM inverter is crucial in converting DC power to AC power and enabling grid connection. Utilizing SVPWM allows exact control of voltage magnitude, frequency, and phase angle to provide high-quality sinusoidal AC output voltage. The power quality of the electricity pumped into the grid is improved by this precise management, which also ensures adherence to grid standards and reduces harmonic interference.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 900-908
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Reduction of torque ripples using the DTC-SVM method in PMSM with extended Kalman filter

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp944-951
Ambarapu Sudhakar , Popuri Rajani Kumari , Cheepurupalli Krishna Chaitanya Sai , Munuswamy Siva Kumar , Nelaturi Nanda Prakash , Mukku Bhavana , Bodapati Venkata Rajanna , Yeluripati Lalitha Kameswari
A detailed analysis has been conducted on two motor control algorithms: direct torque control (DTC) and field-oriented control (FOC). There are two ways that a voltage source inverter (VSI) can regulate a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). When using the PMSM and voltage source inverter (VSI), dead time is employed to turn off both the upper and lower switches to prevent short circuits. However, by supplying the PMSM with unexpected polarity voltages at the VSI output voltage, this switching technique reduces distortion. It is challenging to utilize the sensor to directly detect the fault voltage that results in an open circuit. This work examines the nonlinearity of the electric power controller during dead time during PMSM operation using the DTC algorithm to increase control stability. The stress distribution is estimated using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). Ultimately, the model presented in this study verified the increase in stator current and torque output through simulations and testing.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 944-951
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Deep learning approach for forensic facial reconstruction depends on unidentified skull

10.11591/ijai.v13.i4.pp3858-3868
Doaa M. Mohammed , Mostafa Elgendy , Mohamed Taha
Facial reconstruction, or facial approximation, is an essential problem in a criminal investigation involving reconstructing a victim's face from his skull to determine the victim's identification at a crime scene. Facial approximation plays a crucial part when there is a lack of clues with investigators. Investigators utilize facial approximation to guess the victims' identities. This research attempted to use computer-aided face reconstruction rather than traditional approaches. Traditional methods of face reconstruction include the use of clay or gypsum. Traditional procedures necessitate forensic professionals to rebuild the victim's face. This research uses the convolution neural network skull part with sift (CNNSPS) model is employed to reconstruct facial features from a skull image utilizing public datasets CelebAMask-HQ and MUG500+. The proposed algorithm was tested on unidentified skull databases, and celebrity faces were used. The genuine datasets are not available, which is the key issue in this research.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 3858-3868
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Power losses analysis for reduced switch 9-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp808-814
Mohammad Haziq Ismail , Zainuddin Mat Isa , Mohd Hafiz Arshad , Ernie Che Mid , Baharuddin Ismail , Md Hairul Nizam Talib
This study provides a thorough examination of power losses and total harmonic distortion (THD) in single-phase 9-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters (CHB MLI) at low switching frequencies. The aim is to analyze the efficiency of a single-phase 9-level cascaded CHB MLI using three distinct switch configurations: 16-switch, 11-switch, and proposed 8-switch. The calculated switching angles are optimized using the feed-forward methodology. Two types of load conditions—R load and R-L load—are being examined. The results suggest that the proposed 8-switch design exhibits superior efficiency by limiting power losses compared to other topologies. Regarding THD, the conventional topology yields a somewhat lower value, however, the disparity is less than 1% when compared to both reduced switch topologies.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 808-814
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Performance analysis of solar electric scooters with different charger controllers

10.11591/ijaas.v13.i4.pp1028-1038
Asrori Asrori , Sugeng Hadi Susilo , Satworo Adiwidodo , Elka Faizal , Mira Esculenta Martawati , Moh. Hartono
This study investigates the impact of solar charge controller (SCC) type on battery charging in solar-powered electric scooters (e-scooters). The research compared maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers by monitoring average output power, current, and voltage every 10 minutes. Results showed that under stationary conditions, MPPT controllers delivered higher efficiency, generating 5.87 W of power compared to PWM's 5.05 W. This advantage persisted even during scooter operation, with MPPT controllers producing 4.91 W versus PWM's 4.31 W. Overall, the findings demonstrate that MPPT SCCs offer a more efficient solution for charging e-scooter batteries.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 1028-1038
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Performance analysis of fifteen level reduced device count asymmetrical multilevel inverter

10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i4.pp2243-2252
Murugesan Manivel , Lakshmanan Palani , Sivaranjani Subramani , Bharani Prakash Thiagarajan , Divya Kannusamy , Jebakumar Immanuel Devasahayam , V. J. Vijayalakshmi
In this article, a fifteen-level reduced device count asymmetrical multilevel inverter is introduced for electric vehicle applications. This novel multilevel inverter topology minimizes the power switches required. Control of the proposed inverter is accomplished via the nearest-level control method. In a typical multilevel inverter, ten to twelve switches are used to create the fifteen levels. A high number of switches are used in traditional multilevel inverters, which increases the distortion from all harmonics, switching losses, cost, and cost per switch. Only nine switches are needed for the suggested architecture. It significantly minimizes the total harmonic distortion by 5% and lowers the switching losses, low-order harmonics, and complexity. The efficiency of the suggested multilevel inverter (MLI) is 98.35%.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 2243-2252
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Lead-acid battery desulfation using a high-frequency pulse desulfator in standalone PV systems

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp853-861
Anas El Filali , El Mehdi Laadissi , Jaouad Khalfi , Malika Zazi
The work presented in this article contributes to the study of a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system with battery storage by creating an electronic board that allows for the recovery of the battery's capacity using pulse technology that uses high-energy pulses from the PV panel to break down and remove the sulfation buildup, which is a contributing factor in the failure of most lead-acid batteries. Different methods or treatments can be used to lessen the impact of sulfation or even get rid of it and achieve battery rejuvenation. Battery sulfation is a process in which sulfate crystals form on the plates of a lead-acid battery, impeding its ability to retain a charge, and decreasing the battery’s overall effectiveness. This process can happen due to various reasons, such as charging for a shorter time than required, charging for a longer period of time than required, or even not charging it for quite some time. Sulfation affects a battery’s lifespan and comes with adverse effects on its performance, though it can be prevented.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 853-861
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Empowering industry through energy auditing: a case study of savings and sustainability

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp952-962
Kamal Anoune , Mohamed Ghazi , Mokhtar Ghazouani , Badr Nasiri , Otmane Zebraoui
Conducting energy audits is pivotal in assessing industrial plant efficiency and formulating effective energy management plans. It identifies opportunities for efficient energy use, reducing costs and environmental impact. This study employs a techno-economic approach to analyze electricity cost reduction in an industrial facility. Through energy auditing, it explores economic benefits and improved energy quality, yielding favorable outcomes. Focused on a plastic derivative manufacturing plant, the study reveals critical audit findings. The main aim is to identify avenues for electric energy savings, cutting production costs, and enhancing product competitiveness. The audit involves a detailed analysis of consumption patterns, signal quality, and potential energy management strategies, culminating in a cost-cutting plan. The results of an economic assessment of the suggested energy-saving strategies, provide a comprehensive evaluation of their financial implications. It reveals significant cost reduction opportunities, estimating annual energy savings of $45,824.56, which represents a 23.68% decrease in expenses. These initiatives not only boost the plant's financial performance but also strengthen its competitive edge.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 952-962
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Integration of techno-pedagogical approach in English as a second language classroom: a systematic review

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.29976
Lee Vun Leong , Melor Md Yunus , Hanita Hanim Ismail
The integration of technology in English as a second language (ESL) education is embraced by the educational institution and yet becomes a growing trend in today’s 21st century ESL classroom. The integration of techno-pedagogical approach in ESL classroom was critically examined in this systematic literature review by addressing three main research topics, the factors that ensure the effective integration of techno-pedagogical approach, yet the potential benefits and challenges of the implementation of this approach in ESL classroom. To review current studies, preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) were adopted and two core journal databases, namely Scopus and Web of Science were utilized to review on 30 articles published in 2019-2023. A comprehensive overview that aids in understanding the intricate problems related to technology integration in ESL classrooms for educators and policymakers was provided and the delicate balance needed for integration to be effective, acknowledging the benefits and challenges of implementing techno-pedagogical approaches in ESL classroom was highlighted. Lastly, several recommendations that needed to be the subject of further investigation were made at the conclusion of this study.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 4394-4408
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Enhancing the scientific argumentation skills of prospective chemistry teacher using integrated chemical literacy strategy

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.26935
Oktavia Sulistina , Sri Rahayu , I Wayan Dasna , Yahmin Yahmin
This research aims to enhance prospective chemistry teachers’ scientific argumentation skills through integrated chemical literacy strategy (ICLS) learning and to examine the patterns of relationship between students’ scientific argumentation skills in terms of content and socio-scientific issues (SSI). The study used mixed methods: the embedded design with embedded experimental model. The research sample was 88 students, the control and the experimental groups each consisted of 44 students. The research instrument used scientific argumentation skills test: an open and closed essay test, and interviews with 10 students as selected respondents. Data analysis used descriptive analysis, N-gain, Mann-Whitney test, effect size test, and qualitative analysis. The results showed that ICLS significantly had a great influence on enhancing students’ scientific argumentation skills. The interview results show that: the level of scientific argumentation skills related to SSI is not consistently related to content-related scientific argumentation skill; students who have scientific argumentation skills related to SSI levels 4, 3, and 2 can provide the correct claim, data, warrant, backing, and rebuttal to scientific arguments related to content if guided by guiding questions; student that had higher level of scientific argumentation skills need fewer guiding questions.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 4346-4353
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Phase-locked loop based synchronization schemes for three-phase unbalanced and distorted grid: a review

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp934-943
Poonam Tripathy , Banishree Misra , Byamakesh Nayak
The rapidly growing dispersion of distributed generation systems into the utility grid needs appropriate control techniques to stay interconnected even under abnormal and distorted grid conditions to ensure the overall grid stability. To avoid the loss of renewable energy sources (RES) based power generation, the disintegration of RES with respect to synchronization issues must be prohibited for efficient operation. RES control highly relies on the synchronization technique as it is faster and accurate enough to detect the utility grid variables in terms of amplitude, phase, and frequency. Mostly, the phase-locked loop (PLL) synchronization schemes are utilized for control of RES and monitoring of grid voltage. The dynamics of the grid side converter (GSC) is directly influenced by the performance and design criteria of the PLLs. This paper proposes an overall review of the performances of three phase PLL based grid synchronization methods under diverse weak grid conditions.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 934-943
Publish at: 2024-12-01

A comprehensive review on power quality issues and disturbances mitigation through shunt active power filters

10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp844-852
Siddharthsingh K. Chauhan , Vineeta S. Chauhan
In contemporary power systems, power quality (PQ) has become a matter of paramount concern. The challenges associated with PQ extend beyond conventional three-phase systems, encompassing the integration of various distributed generation (DG) sources like renewable energy installations, storage systems, and diverse power generation technologies such as diesel generators and fuel cells. The prevalent adoption of rapid-switching devices within the utility infrastructure has resulted in a surge of harmonics and reactive power disturbances. The increased use of harmonics-producing loads has led to several power quality issues, particularly harmonics. The distortions caused by these power quality issues must adhere to the limits established by international standards. Mitigation of these concerns is critical, and active power filters are a realistic option. However, passive filters have problems such as bulkiness, and resonance with either/both load and utility impedance, and the source impedance affects filtering properties. As a result, active power filters (APF) are designed to address the shortcomings of passive filters. Active power filters (APF) offer several advantages over passive filters, including compact size, enhanced filtering characteristics, dynamic performance, and flexible operation. The control strategy of APF strongly influences the APF performance, efficiency, and reliability. This paper presents a detailed assessment of current active filter control systems, highlighting their key features. The characteristics, performance, applicability, and implementation of various control techniques are explored and investigated.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 844-852
Publish at: 2024-12-01
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