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28,451 Article Results

A Custom RISC-V Based Architecture for Real-Time ECG Feature Extraction

10.11591/ijres.v14.i2.pp%p
Vinayak Vikram Shinde , Sheetal Umesh Bhandari , Deepti Snehal Khurge , Satyashil Dasharath Nagarale , Ujwal Ramesh Shirode
The need for small, energy-efficient biomedical signal processing systems has grown along with the popularity of wearable health tracking systems. In order to facilitate real-time processing in wearable health-monitoring devices, this paper presents Register Transfer Level (RTL) design and simulation of a custom architecture for real-time Electrocardiogram (ECG) feature extraction. The architecture includes a Reduced Instruction Set Computer-V (RISC-V) based control core and dedicated hardware blocks such as Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU), Memory, Control Unit for processing ECG signals to extract ECG features such as R-peaks and heart rate. The design flow includes RTL design, synthesis, and validation. It uses ECG datasets and EDA tools. The purpose of this paper is to come up with a small, power-efficient solution for wearable tech to process biomedical data.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page:
Publish at: 2025-06-10

Practical application of lithium-ion battery management systems: heating system

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1389-1398
Brahim Zraibi , Mohamed Mansouri , Abdelghani Ezzahi
This paper presents a lithium-ion battery management system (BMS) aimed at improving battery longevity through hardware and software optimization. The system targets enhancing energy efficiency in heating devices like burners, commonly used in industrial and domestic applications. A key innovation is the modification of the Arduino Pro Mini 8 MHz 3.3 V microcontroller to reduce power consumption during sleep mode. The study evaluates two iterations of the system: an initial manually soldered prototype using the Arduino board and a second iteration with a robust printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). The transition to the PCBA improved system efficiency and eliminated connection issues. The development integrates conventional circuitry and modern software strategies for efficient battery charge/discharge management. Results from both prototypes demonstrate significant improvements in battery life, offering a sustainable solution for energy-efficient applications.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1389-1398
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Optimizing distribution system performance: A comprehensive review of power loss minimization techniques

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp710-718
Ismail Moufid , Zineb En-nay , Soukaina Naciri , Hassane El Markhi
This article presents a thorough examination of contemporary techniques aimed at minimizing losses in distribution networks by strategically allocating capacitors, distributed generators (DG), and distribution static synchronous compensators (DSTATCOM). Through an extensive review of background literature and the analysis of current methodologies, the study distills insights from research articles spanning four decades. The survey encompasses diverse single and multi-objective methods, considering various constraints in addressing the distribution system loss minimization problem. Key findings emphasize the effectiveness of capacitor allocation in high voltage distribution networks, the efficiency of DG allocation in integrating small-scale generation, and the growing interest in DSTATCOM allocation for its advantages over traditional capacitor allocation. Particular attention is given to simultaneous techniques, identified as the most efficient approach for enhancing overall system performance.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 710-718
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Development and validation of the principals’ digital leadership instrument using Rasch measurement model

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32214
Peng Yuanyuan , Bity Salwana Alias , Azlin Norhaini Mansor , Mohd Rashid Ab Hamid
This study addresses the critical need for robust measurement tools in digital leadership (DL) within educational settings—a topic of increasing relevance but limited research. Using the Rasch model measurement analysis, the study aims to develop and validate an instrument tailored to assess principals’ digital leadership (PDL) in China. The questionnaire, based on the five dimensions of the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) for education leaders—equity and citizenship advocate (ECA), visionary planner (VP), empowering leader (EL), systems designer (SD), and connected learner (CL)—was adapted to reflect Chinese cultural contexts. Following expert validation, the 33-item instrument was piloted with 188 teachers from higher vocational and technical colleges in Sichuan Province. The Rasch analysis, performed using Winsteps 3.72.3, assessed item fit, unidimensionality, local independence, reliability, separation index, and item-person mapping. The findings revealed that 26 items met all assumptions, demonstrating the strong reliability, validity, and psychometric robustness of the instrument. In conclusion, the validated PDL instrument is a reliable tool for assessing the DL of principals within the Chinese educational context, offering insights into professional development, and sets the stage for future research and policy development in the field of educational leadership.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1577-1589
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Set up of a secondary on-board charger fed by PV DC station with grid injection for fast charging the recent city cars

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp683-694
Mohamed Arrach , Fatima Ezzahra Tahiri , Abdesslam Lokriti , Khalid Chikh
In this article, we propose a secondary high-power charger provided by a photovoltaic source with grid connection. The high-power charger is composed of a phase shift full bridge (PSFB) DC-DC converter controlled by a constant voltage constant current algorithm based on PI control. The first stage is composed of a PV panel source, controlled by a fuzzy logic using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, associated with a synchronous boost converter to set up the voltage at the standard common 400 V bus level. While the charger is a second stage composed of a phase shift converter for step down and adapting the voltage and the charging current for the battery of the urban electric car. We have also proposed the grid connection with a simple optimization to inject the generated power into the electrical grid when no car is connected to the power station. To achieve this goal, simulation results of the proposed configuration control techniques by using the MATLAB/Simulink environment are presented and discussed at the end of this paper.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 683-694
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Economic and ecological constraints of hybrid systems with Bayesian networks

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1314-1324
Amadou Fousseyni Toure , Abdoulaye Sissoko , Fadaba Danioko , David Tchoffa , Abderrahman El Mhamedi
To confront climate change and the shortage of fossil fuels, countries are turning to renewable energies, particularly solar energy, which is an abundant, inexhaustible energy with a low environmental impact. In Mali, hydraulic and thermal energy sources are insufficient, and the country has been facing a huge energy crisis in recent years. For this reason, the production of solar energy is a major solution. This work proposes a photovoltaic system coupled to the national distribution network to reduce this energy crisis or even resolve it definitively. A preliminary analysis was carried out to define the technical, economic, and ecological conditions for the construction of a 30 MW solar power plant at three interconnection points of the national distribution network of Mali. The objective of this analysis is to determine the economic and ecological constraints of the proposed hybrid system. For modeling, we used the Bayesian network, and for simulation, the BayesienLab simulation tool was used. The simulation results showed a considerable contribution of these three solar power plants in terms of energy deficits, economic deficits, and climate change.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1314-1324
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Transforming university education: a systematic review of mathematical modeling in learning

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32523
Ines Miryam Acero Apaza , Hugo Walter Zamata Choque , Anibal Javier Cutipa Laqui
This article is focused on analyzing the impact of mathematical modeling on the learning of university students. The starting point is the complexity of the learning process in technological careers, since cognitive, emotional, social and pedagogical elements are involved in this process, therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is required to allow a holistic understanding of educational phenomena. For this purpose, a systematic review was applied following the PRISMA guidelines and 30 research studies available in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were selected. These studies highlight the importance of mathematical modeling in improving education. The results highlight a higher frequency of use for models with structural equations, models related to adaptive profiles and virtual mathematical models. It is concluded that mathematical modeling represents a valuable resource in higher education, which enriches the learning experience and prepares students to face academic and professional challenges. It is impact is manifested in the improvement of conceptual understanding, the strengthening of problem-solving skills and the close linkage between theory and practice.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 2118-2131
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Gamification with self-determination theory to foster intercultural communicative competence and intrinsic motivation

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.29858
Su Min , Noor Azean Atan , Akhmad Habibi
In globalization, possessing intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is essential for individuals’ success. However, students face motivational barriers in online intercultural learning. Thus, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of integrating gamification with self-determination theory (SDT) to enhance the intrinsic motivation, ultimately aiding in the development of intercultural communication competence among Chinese vocational college students enrolled in online English intercultural learning. Employing a mixed-methods approach involving pre-post questionnaires and interviews, the study engaged 38 vocational college students from the automobile and rail transit faculty in a four-week online English intercultural learning module enriched with gamified elements such as points, badges, leaderboards, levels, and quests. The findings indicate that gamified learning effectively fulfills students’ needs for competence and autonomy, partially addressing their needs for relatedness and consequently fostering an upsurge in intrinsic motivation. Additionally, improvements were observed in knowledge, attitude, and skill, with marginal changes noted in awareness. It is concluded that gamified learning approaches based on SDT can positively contribute to the development of intrinsic motivation and intercultural communication competence. These findings hold practical implications for educational institutions and researchers to cultivate intrinsic motivation and ICC through online gamified learning.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1985-1994
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Development and validation of a cooperating teacher mentoring scale for student teachers

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.31565
Leemarc C. Alia , Ehlrich Ray J. Magday , Daisy R. Palompon
Teaching internship is a crucial component of teacher education to prepare student teachers for their future careers in education. This study developed and validated an instrument to measure and evaluate the performance of cooperating teachers in mentoring student teachers. Items capturing the concept of teacher mentoring were developed through literature review, interviews, and focus group discussions. The 110-item 5-point Likert scale was given to 265 randomly selected student teachers from higher education institutions in the Philippines. Validity and reliability of the cooperating teacher mentoring scale (CTMS) were tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability analyses. Moreover, EFA showed three-factor structure of the instrument regarding the CTMS. The study reported the average variance extracted (AVE), composite reliability, and Cronbach alpha coefficients. These findings confirmed that the extracted constructs possess convergent validity and meet the necessary requirements. The item remained in the factor loadings of less than 0.50 (instructional support and professional development: 20 items; supportive teaching and mentorship: 15 items; and effective mentoring and coaching: 15 items). This study has confirmed three-factor structure of the CTMS. Researchers, educators, administrators, and student teachers can use the CTMS to evaluate cooperating teachers’ mentoring skills and provide feedback on areas that need improvement.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 2381-2388
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A Delphi study on factors influencing school students’ adoption of social media as a learning platform in Malaysia

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32939
Imelda Hermilinda Abas , Nawanantiny Krishnamurthi , Amran Rasli , Meria Ultra Gusteti
The increasing use of social media platforms among students offers potential for both academic and personal information exchange. However, the factors influencing its adoption for learning by school students remain underexplored. This study aims to identify and rank the key factors that affect the use of social media for learning among primary school students. Utilizing the Delphi method, data were collected in two rounds from 30 expert participants, who were primary school teachers, using purposive sampling. In the first round, thematic analysis identified six key factors influencing social media adoption. In the second round, these factors were ranked in order of importance, with Kendall’s W of 0.364 and a p-value of 0.000 confirming consensus. In addition, an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value of 0.923 indicated reliability. The top three factors identified were learning transformation, technology reform, and long-term prospects for students. The findings suggest that schools should prioritize these factors in strategic planning. Future research could expand this study to include private and international educators, and qualitative studies like tracer research could further enrich the understanding of social media’s role in learning.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1743-1751
Publish at: 2025-06-01

General trends on the impacts of evidence-based university accreditation on quality assurance enhancement

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.31271
Nurali Kairanbayev , David Arulraj David
Traditional accreditation process although has relevant impacts on quality assurance in higher education. Research and practices have shown the value of emerging evidence-based university accreditation. The study therefore aims to understand the impacts of evidence-based university accreditation on quality assurance enhancement. The research relied on literature review and document analysis as suitable methods. The study’s results demonstrated that the final decision for academic accreditation should be based on evidence that all stakeholders took part in quality assurance, namely staff and students. This study also explores the university accreditation practices in the United Kingdom (UK), United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Kazakhstan. The analysis presented here allows us to compare and discuss the practices of three different quality assurance practices. The three cases Quality Assurance Agency for higher education (QAA), Commission for Academic Accreditation (CAA), and Independent Kazakh Agency for Quality Assurance in Education (IQAA) indicate relevant use of evidence-based approaches to university accreditations that support quality assurance enhancement, given the explicit approaches grounded in data and evidence. The future of evidence-based approach will be furthered with the support of technology and sophisticated tools that will support explicit policies and practices. This research is expected to benefit researchers, policy makers and practitioners in quality assurance.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1939-1948
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Single-neuron adaptive double-power super-twisting sliding mode control for induction motor

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp840-850
Siham Mencou , Majid Ben Yakhlef , El Bachir Tazi
Direct torque control is a widely used control method for induction motors because it offers rapid dynamic response and relatively simple implementation. However, it presents high torque and flux ripples and variable switching frequencies. To overcome these constraints, the double-power super-twisting sliding mode (DPSTSM) control approach has been proposed, integrating the advantages of the super-twisting algorithm designed to reduce chattering with those of the double power convergence law aimed to improve system speed and dynamic quality. However, the optimal tuning of the sliding mode gains of the double-power super-twisting sliding mode controller represents a considerable challenge. To address this issue, we proposed an improvement to the DPSTSM algorithm through the integration of a single-neuron adaptive algorithm. The single-neuron adaptive double-power super-twisting sliding mode control approach aims to dynamically adjust the controller gains, while delivering superior performance in terms of chattering reduction, improved dynamic response, and enhanced robustness to load disturbances. A detailed investigation was carried out via MATLAB/Simulink simulations to determine the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 840-850
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Employability of Latin honor graduate in a state university in the Philippines

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.32164
Emelyn Rico-Villanueva , Kim Jemar F. Falo , Annabelle Fampo-Ida , Ma. Levi R. Punla , Rose L. Sumanting
This study examines the employability of Latin-honor graduates from Romblon State University (RSU) between 2015 and 2022, addressing the factors that influence their transition into the workforce. The research investigates how academic performance, board examination results, and advanced education impact employment outcomes. Using a mixed-method approach, including surveys and binary logistic regression analysis, the study identifies key predictors of employability. Results indicate that achieving academic honors, passing licensure exams, and pursuing further education significantly enhance graduates’ chances of securing permanent employment and advancing in their careers. These findings highlight the need for aligning RSU’s curriculum with labor market demands and underscore the importance of continuous professional development. The study offers practical recommendations to improve graduate employability and informs policy initiatives aimed at supporting career progression for Latin-honor graduates.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1882-1903
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Higher education instructors’ and students’ attitudes toward distance learning

10.11591/ijere.v14i3.29383
Yousef M. Arouri , Yousef M. Alshaboul , Diala A. Hamaidi , Asia Y. Alshaboul
This study aimed at exploring the attitudes of higher education instructors and university students regarding distant learning during the COVID-19 epidemic. It took place at a higher education institution of Jordan. Using a mixed method approach, the researchers developed a two-part questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The questionnaire was distributed questionnaire to 167 instructors and 349 students from the University of Jordan (UJ). The findings showed that the participants have a moderately favorable attitude toward distant learning. Additionally, the findings revealed no statistically significant differences (α=.05) in the attitudes of UJ instructors and students toward distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic attributedto the study variables. Furthermore, the interviews revealed several themes that the university instructors and students identified as influencing the general effectiveness of their distance learning experience, including access to online platforms and professional training, offering electronic equipment, and protecting the integrity of exams. The study recommends that higher education institutions reconsider the concept of distance learning, considering lessons acquired from the era of compulsory distance learning.
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page: 1949-1960
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Seventeen-level cascaded switched-capacitor multilevel inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic systems

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i2.pp1070-1082
Maytham Jasim Naser , Turki Kahawish Hassan
This paper proposes a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) multi-array single DC bus seventeen-level cascaded switched capacitor multi-level inverter (CSC-MLI). Two boost converters are employed to extract maximum power, one for each PV string, and the output of each boost converter is connected to a single DC bus collector. A new 17-level CSC-MLI topology has been proposed to produce seventeen output voltage levels with a boosting ability of 2 times and the capability of limiting the capacitors' inrush current during the capacitors' charging mode. The topology offers a lower total standing voltage (TSV) of 16.5 as well as utilizes a lower number of components compared to conventional inverters. A total harmonic distortion (THD) of only 8.12% is present in the output voltage waveform, which yields a high-quality injected grid current through a simple filter with a THD of 1.18%. This design utilizes the switched-capacitor technique and has a self-voltage balancing feature. A novel hybrid-PWM technique has been implemented on CSC-MLI with a switching frequency of 2.5 kHz. The topology of the 3 kW single-phase 17-level inverter demonstrated commendable steady-state and dynamic performance across a range of test conditions by using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Page: 1070-1082
Publish at: 2025-06-01
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