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30,907 Article Results

Classification of neovascularization using convolutional neural network model

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i1.11604
Wahyudi; University of Airlangga Setiawan , Moh. Imam; University of Airlangga Utoyo , Riries; University of Airlangga Rulaningtyas
Neovascularization is a new vessel in the retina beside the artery-venous. Neovascularization can appear on the optic disk and the entire surface of the retina. The retina categorized in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) if it has neovascularization. PDR is a severe Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). An image classification system between normal and neovascularization is here presented. The classification using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model and classification method such as Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes classifier, Discriminant Analysis, and Decision Tree. By far, there are no data patches of neovascularization for the process of classification. Data consist of normal, New Vessel on the Disc (NVD) and New Vessel Elsewhere (NVE). Images are taken from 2 databases, MESSIDOR and Retina Image Bank. The patches are made from a manual crop on the image that has been marked by experts as neovascularization. The dataset consists of 100 data patches. The test results using three scenarios obtained a classification accuracy of 90%-100% with linear loss cross validation 0%-26.67%. The test performs using a single Graphical Processing Unit (GPU).
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 463-472
Publish at: 2019-02-01

A wideband reflectarray antenna based on organic substrate materials

10.12928/telkomnika.v17i1.9593
H. I.; University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Malik , M. Y.; University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Ismail , Sharmiza; Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) Adnan , S. R.; University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Masrol , N.; University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Nafarizal
Significant improvements in terms of bandwidth of reflectarray antennas have been achieved by introduction of innovative paper substrate dielectric materials. Three differently custom composed organic dielectric substrates have been characterized for dielectric properties using a broadband technique based on open ended coax cable method. The substrates show low dielectric permittivities of 1.81, 1.63 and 1.84 along with a loss tangent of 0.053, 0.047 and 0.057. Validation of using the proposed substrates for reflectarray antenna was done by modelling and fabricating reflectarray unit elements on the three substrates. Scattering parameter analysis of unit reflectarray elements show encouraging results with a broadband frequency response of 340 MHz at a phase gradient of 0.14 º/MHz. Thus the proposed substrate could serve exceptionally to address the narrow bandwidth problem in reflectarray antennas.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 8-14
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Shape analysis for classification of breast nodules on digital ultrasound images

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp837-844
Hanung Adi Nugroho , Hesti Khuzaimah Nurul Yusufiyah , Teguh Bharata Adji , Widhia K.Z Oktoeberza
One of the imaging modalities for early detection of breast cancer malignancy is ultrasonography (USG).  The malignancy can be analysed from the characteristic of nodule shape.  This study aims to develop a method for classifying the shape of breast nodule into two classes, namely regular and irregular classes.  The input image is pre-processed by using the combination of adaptive median filter and speckle reduction bilateral filtering (SRBF) to reduce speckle noises and to eliminate the image label.  Afterwards, the filtered image is segmented based on active contour followed by feature extraction process.  Nine extracted features, i.e. roundness, slimness and seven features of invariant moments, are used to classify nodule shape using multi-layer perceptron (MLP).  The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using 105 breast nodule images which comprise of 57 regular and 48 irregular nodule images.  The results of classification process achieve the level of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity at 96.20%, 97.90% and 94.70%, respectively.  These results indicate that the proposed method successfully classifies the breast nodule images based on shape analysis.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 837-844
Publish at: 2019-02-01

An angle speed and thrust relationship of the rotor system in the quadcopter aircraft

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp469-474
Al Al , Arfita Yuana Dewi , Antonov Bachtiar , Dwi Harinita
Utilizing Quadcopter were still many obstacles such as; plane easy to fall; the battery is not durable; vulnerable to weather conditions and others. The research and development has grown to improve aircraft facilities and capabilities. Many parameters related to aircraft lift capability factors; fly long; flying high; type of motor; the type of propeller: including the sensors and control systems used. This study was to find the relationship between changes in the BLDC motor voltage source to the rotor angle velocity (ω); rotor speed to rotor lift (Ft);  wind speed to rotor lift; push the following rotor (Ct). Empirical testing was conducted in the laboratory to find the relationship of these parameters. The results data show that; the lift power generated with rotational speed was not proportional, non linearity occurs when the rotor was released from the self and starts pulling the strain gauge when the rotation speed reaches around 65 rps. Once the rotation speed of the rotor is able to reach up to 1.5 Newton lift then the thrust rising trend sharply increasing toincreasing of the rotor speed. A motor hade 1200 KV and blade with a radius of 0.12 m, then obtained thrust (Ct) of 1.732.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 469-474
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Performance analysis of spectral/spatial of OCDMA system using 2D hybrid ZCC/MD code

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp569-574
Rima. Matem , S. A. Aljunid , M. N. Junita , C.B.M Rashidi , Israa Shihab Aqrab
This paper proposes a new spectral/spatial code for Spectral Amplitude Coding in Optical Coding Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) called two-Dimensional hybrid ZCC/MD code. The new code combines two of the one –dimensional codes which are Zero Cross Correlation (1D ZCC) and Multi-Diagonal code (1D MD). Moreover, it produces a zero cross correlation property for each code. The main goal of this proposed code is to mitigate Phase Induced Intensity Noise and eliminate Multiple Access Interference (MAI). This proposed code can provide a better performance comparing to other codes as 2D FCC/MDW and 2D DPDC according to the obtained numerical analysis.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 569-574
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Analysis theorem of unique common fixed point for four maps based on partial –b– metric spaces

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp657-664
Ban Hasan , Hayder Abdulameer Abbas
In this paper, An important definitions are to be used to prove the existence of a common fixed point theorem for four mappings incomplete,  partial – b – metric spaces, as well as prove a unique common fixed point by assuming another point and getting that, these points are finally equal. We presented an example thus enhancing us the outcome.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 657-664
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Defense behavior of real time strategy games: comparison between HFSM and FSM

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp634-642
Rahmat Fauzi , Mochamad Hariadi , Muharman Lubis , Supeno Mardi Susiki Nugroho
RTS Game is one of the popular genre in PC gaming, which has been played by various type of players frequently. In RTS game, NPC Defense Building (Tower) has attacking behavior to the closest enemy without considering certain enemy parameters. This causes the NPC Tower to be more predictable by the opponent and easily defeated if NPC attacked by enemies in the group. Thus, this research simulates NPC Tower using Hierarchical Finite State Machine (HFSM) method compared with Finite State Machine (FSM). In this study, NPC Tower detects enemies by seeing at four parameters namely NPC Tower Health, Enemy's Health, Enemy Type, and Tower Distance to enemies. NPC Tower will attack the most dangerous enemy according to the ‘Degree of Danger’ parameter. Then use the decision-making logic of the rule-based system. The output of NPC Tower are three type of behaviors namely Aggressive Attacking, Regular Attacking, and Attack with Special Skill. From the test results of 3 NPC Tower, Kamandaka NPC Tower with HFSM method is winning 8.92% compare to Kamandaka Tower with FSM method. For Gayatri Tower NPC obtained equal results using both HFSM and FSM. Meanwhile, Adikara NPC with HFSM method is 4.62% superior to Adikara Tower with FSM method.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 634-642
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Allocation of distributed generation and capacitor banks in distribution system

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp437-446
Olatunde Oladepo , Hasimah Abdul Rahman
Voltage profile and power losses on the distribution system is a function of real and imaginary power loading condition. This can be effectively managed through the controlled real and reactive power flow by optimal placement of capacitor banks (CB) and distributed generators (DG). This paper presents adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) to efficiently tackle the problem of simultaneous allocation of DG and CB in radial distribution system to revamp voltage magnitude and reduce power losses. The modification to the conventional PSO was achieved by replacing the inertial weight equation (W) in the velocity update equation base on the particle best experience in the previous iteration. The inertial weight equation is designed to vary with respect to the iteration value in the algorithm. The proposed method was investigated on IEEE 30-bus, 33-bus and 69-bus test distribution systems. The results shows a significant improvement in the rate of convergence of APSO, improved voltage profile and loss reduction.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 437-446
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Content-aware resource allocation model for IPTV delivery networks

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp369-385
Suliman M. Fati , Putra Sumari , Choo Wou Onn
Nowadays, with the evolution of digital video broadcasting, as well as, the advent of high speed broadband networks, a new era of TV services has emerged known as IPTV. IPTV is a system that employs the high speed broadband networks to deliver TV services to the subscribers. From the service provider viewpoint, the challenge in IPTV systems is how to build delivery networks that exploits the resources efficiently and reduces the service cost, as well. However, designing such delivery networks affected by many factors including choosing the suitable network architecture, load balancing, resources waste, and cost reduction. Furthermore, IPTV contents characteristics, particularly; size, popularity, and interactivity play an important role in balancing the load and avoiding the resources waste for delivery networks. In this paper, we investigate the problem of resource allocation for IPTV delivery networks over the recent architecture, peer-service area architecture. The Genetic Algorithm as an optimization tool has been used to find the optimal provisioning parameters including storage, bandwidth, and CPU consumption. The experiments have been conducted on two data sets with different popularity distributions. The experiments have been conducted on two popularity distributions. The experimental results showed the impact of content status on the resource allocation process.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 369-385
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Augmented reality objects design in augmented story book mobile application for better engagement

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp570-576
Sherina Izzaty , Herman Tolle , Rizdania Dermawi , Frihandhika Permana
The folktale is a kind of story that has some good points, such as developing a sense of story and shaping up positive attitudes towards children. However, people seem to abandon those good points and often give the children smartphones instead of folktale through the conventional book. Recently, smartphones’ capabilities have rapidly improved, so that augmented reality (AR) story books which combine conventional book and smartphone can be developed. This research is conducted to examine which one from three provided models that work best for engagement in a folktale augmented book. Those designs will be discussed in both subjective and objective approach, correspondingly. The result from subjective approach is the animated video AR design becomes the most pleasing design. The picture and narrator’s voice AR design, by contrast, becomes the most efficient design based on objective approach.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 570-576
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Priority based round robin (PBRR) CPU scheduling algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp190-202
Sonia Zouaoui , lotfi boussaid , abdellatif mtibaa
This paper introduce a new approach for scheduling algorithms which aim to improve real time operating system CPU performance. This new approach of CPU Scheduling algorithm is based on the combination of round-robin (RR) and Priority based (PB) scheduling algorithms. This solution maintains the advantage of simple round robin scheduling algorithm, which is reducing starvation and integrates the advantage of priority scheduling. The proposed algorithm implements the concept of time quantum and assigning as well priority index to the processes. Existing round robin CPU scheduling algorithm cannot be dedicated to real time operating system due to their large waiting time, large response time, large turnaround time and less throughput. This new algorithm improves all the drawbacks of round robin CPU scheduling algorithm. In addition, this paper presents analysis comparing proposed algorithm with existing round robin scheduling algorithm focusing on average waiting time and average turnaround time.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 190-202
Publish at: 2019-02-01

The use of Markov Chain method to determine spare transformer number and location

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp1-13
Musa Partahi Marbun , Ngapuli Irmea Sinisuka , Nanang Hariyanto
The purpose of this study is to develop a method to determine spare transformer number and location. Using Markov Chain method, state transition model and steady state probability was used on each 500-kV substation in order to analyze the effect of spare number and location variation with the reliability changes.  To give an actual result of the case study, calculation of spare transformer number and location on 500/150 kV transformers in Java Bali System was analyzed. The steady state probability results will vary depending on the number of spare transformer, these results can then be used to assess the spare transformer needed. The variation of spare transformer location can be used to analyze the best possible location of the spare in order to satisfy the reliability required. The methodology presented shows an integrated calculation for determining the spare transformer number and location.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 1-13
Publish at: 2019-02-01

An investigative design of optimum stochastic language model for bangla autocomplete

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp671-676
Md.Iftakher Alam Eyamin , Md. Tarek Habib , Muhammad Ifte Khairul Islam , Md. Sadekur Rahman , Md. Abbas Ali Khan
Word completion and word prediction are two important phenomena in typing that have extreme effect on aiding disable people and students while using keyboard or other similar devices. Such autocomplete technique also helps students significantly during learning process through constructing proper keywords during web searching. A lot of works are conducted for English language, but for Bangla, it is still very inadequate as well as the metrics used for performance computation is not rigorous yet. Bangla is one of the mostly spoken languages (3.05% of world population) and ranked as seventh among all the languages in the world. In this paper, word prediction on Bangla sentence by using stochastic, i.e. N-gram based language models are proposed for autocomplete a sentence by predicting a set of words rather than a single word, which was done in previous work. A novel approach is proposed in order to find the optimum language model based on performance metric. In addition, for finding out better performance, a large Bangla corpus of different word types is used.
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Page: 671-676
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Spam image email filtering using K-NN and SVM

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp245-254
Yasmine Khalid Zamil , Suhad A. Ali , Mohammed Abdullah Naser
The developing utilization of web has advanced a simple and quick method for e-correspondence. The outstanding case for this is e-mail. Presently days sending and accepting email as a method for correspondence is prominently utilized. Be that as it may, at that point there stand up an issue in particular, Spam mails. Spam sends are the messages send by some obscure sender just to hamper the improvement of Internet e.g. Advertisement and many more.  Spammers introduced the new technique of embedding the spam mails in the attached image in the mail. In this paper, we proposed a method based on combination of SVM and KNN. SVM tend to set aside a long opportunity to prepare with an expansive information set. On the off chance that "excess" examples are recognized and erased in pre-handling, the preparation time could be diminished fundamentally. We propose a k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) based example determination strategy. The strategy tries to select the examples that are close to the choice limit and that are effectively named. The fundamental thought is to discover close neighbors to a question test and prepare a nearby SVM that jelly the separation work on the gathering of neighbors. Our experimental studies based on a public available dataset (Dredze) show that results are improved to approximately 98%.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 245-254
Publish at: 2019-02-01

Obtrusiveness of smartphone applications for sleep health

10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp676-682
M. Vazquez-Briseno , A. Laflor-Hernandez , Fernanda Murillo-Muñoz , Doreen Mendez-Verdugo
Unobtrusiveness is one of the main issues concerning health-related systems. Many developers affirm that their systems do not burden users; however, this is not always achieved. This article evaluates the obtrusiveness of various systems developed to improve sleep quality. The systems analyzed are related to sleep hygiene, since it has become an interesting topic for researchers, physicians and people in general, mainly because it has become part of the methods used to estimate a persons’ health status A set of design elements are presented as keys to achieving unobtrusiveness. We propose a scale to measure the level of unobtrusiveness and use it to evaluate several systems, with a focus on smartphone applications. 
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Page: 676-682
Publish at: 2019-02-01
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