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25,002 Article Results

Lip Motion Pattern Recognition for Indonesian Syllable Pronunciation Utilizing Hidden Markov Model Method

10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.1302
Balza; Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Achmad , Faridah; Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Faridah , Laras; Department of Engiineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Fadillah
A speech therapeutic tool had been developed to help Indonesian deaf kids learn how to pronounce words correctly. The applied technique utilized lip movement frames captured by a camera and inputted them in to a pattern recognition module which can differentiate between different vowel phonemes pronunciation in Indonesian language. In this paper, we used one dimensional Hidden Markov Model (HMM) method for pattern recognition module. The feature used for the training and test data were composed of six key-points of 20 sequential frames representing certain phonemes. Seventeen Indonesian phonemes were chosen from the words usually used by deaf kid special school teachers for speech therapy. The results showed that the recognition rates varied on different phonemes articulation, ie. 78% for bilabial/palatal phonemes and 63% for palatal only phonemes. The condition of the lips also had effect on the result, where female with red lips has 0.77 correlation coefficient, compare to 0.68 for pale lips and 0.38 for male with mustaches.
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Page: 173-180
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Knowledge Work Process: Software Developer’s in Small Medium Enterprise

https://ijeecs.iaescore.com/index.php/IJEECS/article/view/4237
Mohd Zairol Yusoff , Massudi Mahmuddin , Mazida Ahmad
Managing knowledge work in the workplace is inherently important and accessible to the organizations for the long terms growth and performance. Software developer is a key successor for the organization success and knowledge work is viewed as the highest complexity of work characteristics. The intentions of software developers to improve the knowledge work process are remain unconsciousness.The paper will address the issue of knowledge work process and try to proposed a method how to improve knowledge work process based on distinct methods and approaches. A literature review was used in order to distinguish the methods and will used data collected 300 respondents from Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs) in Malaysia and also validate the methods by using structural equation modelling. Our results provide evidence on the importance of certain method to improve knowledge work on the software developers and business success, and have implications for both research and practice in the field of SMEs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v13i3.7134 
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 555-560
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Computer program in sign language for controlling mobile objects and communicating with people

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24544
Khuralay Moldamurat , Aigul Tulembayeva , Askhat Ryspaev , Niyaz Belgibekov , Lyudmila Peryakina , Makhabbat Bakyt
This article emphasizes the need for effective communication methods for people with disabilities, focusing on gestures and finger movements. The study aims to address the communication support gap for this group by creating a specialized Kazakh IT dictionary. It explores practical ways to facilitate communication for people with disabilities through gestures, utilizing computer software for the IT dictionary. The article presents key variables, study design, and data analysis procedures. Results show computer programs effectively enable communication for individuals with disabilities. The study's novelty lies in the IT vocabulary covering gestures, benefiting pedagogy, education, and related fields. Computational linguistics, like automatic language processing and machine translation, enhances communication facilitation for the disabled. Practical recommendations are offered for implementing research findings, improving communication and overall quality of life for people with disabilities. In conclusion, the article stresses the importance of effective communication methods, especially gestures, for the disabled. The IT vocabulary creation through computational linguistics offers innovative ways to enhance communication accessibility, prompting further research.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 502-518
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Raptor Code for Energy-Efficient Wireless Body Area Network Data Transmission

10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.924
Lydia; Atma Jaya Catholic University Sari , Antonius; Atma Jaya Catholic University Aditya
Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a device developed mainly for the purpose of monitoring the medical condition of a human. WBAN is worn on the surface or in the human body, and it contains a wireless communication device.  A WBAN device is required to be small-sized, with limited power and high data reliability. The data reliability can be obtained by using a carefully designed channel coding scheme so that the energy consumed can be maintained at a low level.  In this paper, data transmission in Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami-m fading channels using Raptor and BCH codes is simulated.  Simulation results show that Raptor-coded data transmission consumes lower energy compared to BCH-coded transmission for various fading channels if the transmission distance exceeds 10 meters.  Therefore, Raptor code is a good candidate for the channel coding scheme for WBAN.
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Page: 277-283
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Topology Architecture and Routing Algorithms of Octagon-Connected Torus Interconnection Network

10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.1262
Youyao; Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications Liu , Lidong; Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xing , Xin; Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications Zhou
Two important issues in the design of interconnection networks for massively parallel computers are scalability and small diameter. A new interconnection network topology, called octagon-connected torus (OCT), is proposed. The OCT network combines the small diameter of octagon topology and the scalability of torus topology. The OCT network has better properties, such as small diameter, regular, symmetry and the scalability. The nodes of the OCT network adopt the Johnson coding scheme which can make routing algorithms simple and efficient. Both unicasting and broadcasting routing algorithms are designed for the OCT network, and it is based on the Johnson coding scheme. A detailed analysis shows that the OCT network is a better interconnection network in the properties of topology and the performance of communication.
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Page: 305-313
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Informing compliance factors regarding hospitals waste management procedures in Indonesia: a scoping review

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24500
Markus Kaban , Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati , Suhartono Suhartono , Purwanto Adi Pireno , Alberta Widya Kristanti , Perigrinus Hermin Sebong
The hospital staff's non-compliance in managing hazardous waste can hurt the environment and public health. There are various practicals to mitigate the harmful effects of hazardous medical waste on the environment and public health. However, there needs to be evidence to provide accurate data regarding compliance with hazardous waste management at hospitals in Indonesia. This study aims to assess and map the determinants affecting hospital liquid medical waste management. This study examined electronic databases from 2017-2023. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was grounded in the scoping review to inform compliance factors regarding waste management in Hospitals. One article describes compliance with the regulation, and the other concerns supervising hospital waste management. Those articles are not detailed enough in describing supervision, so we suggest further research about supervision support to foster the management process and the result of hospital waste management. Regulation is essential for all processes and products that affect the environment. Compliance with guidelines needs to become a habit and improve over time.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 219-226
Publish at: 2015-03-01

The effectiveness of using ID broth in identifying the outer membrane protein of Salmonella typhi

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.23912
Pestariati Pestariati , Suhariyadi Suhariyadi
Typhoid fever is an infection that affects the digestive system. It spreads through contaminated food and drinks due to the Salmonella bacteria. One way to develop immunity against Salmonella typhi is by using outer membrane protein (OMP), which activates the cellular immune system. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of using ID Broth to identify OMP Salmonella typhi. The study was conducted experimentally at the Institute of Tropical Disease from April 2023 to May 2023. For the study, we obtained three samples of Salmonella typhi isolated from East Java, and each sample was replicated three times. We isolated the bacteria and extracted the OMP to measure its levels and perform electrophoresis with SDS-PAGE. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a standard protein analysis method. To address sample loading challenges due to stacking gel transparency, an acidic dye was added to improve visibility without affecting gel performance. In this study nutrient agar from MacConkey medium and ID broth were used as variables. We cultured Salmonella typhi and extracted OMP using the sonication technique. We measured protein levels through the nanodrop method. Salmonella typhi from ID broth produced higher protein levels than Salmonella typhi cultured from MacConkey Medium. It affected the identification of OMP using SDS-PAGE. Lower protein levels lead to fewer protein molecules in the same band zone, causing reduced visibility and readability of the protein bands. The ID broth stabilizes the bacteria's condition before being grown on nutrient agar media.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 48-55
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Exploring omentin-1 gene expression and insulin-resistance modulation in diabetic and obese male albino rats

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24253
Noorah Saleh Al-Sowayan , Aiesha Mohammed Almutawa
Omentin-1, a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue, plays a role in metabolic regulation and insulin sensitivity. However, there is a lack of understanding about the specific effects of high-intensity training (HIT) in diabetic and obese individuals. The present study investigates the effect of a 5-week HIT program on the omentin-1 gene expression and insulin resistance in diabetic and obese male albino rats. Thirty-two rats weighing between 100-120 grams, were procured and divided into groups: the control group (receiving a normal diet), the high-fat diet group (non-diabetic obese rats), the HIT diabetic group (induced diabetes through streptozotocin administration and subjected to HIT), and the diabetic control group (induced diabetes but not subjected to HIT). The HIT diabetic and HIT obese groups underwent a 5-week HIT protocol, involving treadmill running for 60 minutes at 34 m/min speed, five sessions per week. At the end of the experiment, various parameters including glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, LDL, HDL, TC, TG levels, and omentin-1 gene expression assessed using samples obtained from visceral tissue. SPSS version 25 was used to perform statistical analysis, results as mean±SE. One-way ANOVA identified group differences, with significance level (p-value) of less than 0.05. The findings revealed that omentin-1 gene expression significantly increased in the HIT diabetic group following five weeks of training. Both training groups exhibited reductions in insulin, glucose, and insulin resistance levels. It is concluded that a 5-week HIT program can lead to enhanced omentin-1 gene expression and improved insulin resistance in diabetic and obese male albino rats.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 351-360
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Unscented Particle Filtering Algorithm for Optical-fiber Sensing Intrusion Localization Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.1272
Hua; South-Central University for Nationalities Zhang , Xiaoping; South-Central University for Nationalities Jiang , Chenghua; South-Central University for Nationalities Li
To improve the convergence and precision of intrusion localization in optical-fiber sensing perimeter protection applications, we present an algorithm based on an unscented particle filter (UPF). The algorithm employs particle swarm optimization (PSO) to mitigate the sample degeneracy and impoverishment problem of the particle filter. By comparing the present fitness value of particles with the optimum fitness value of the objective function, PSO moves particles with insignificant UPF weights towards the higher likelihood region and determines the optimal positions for particles with larger weights. The particles with larger weights results in a new sample set with a more balanced distribution between the priors and the likelihood. Simulations demonstrate that the algorithm speeds up convergence and improves the precision of intrusion localization.
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Page: 349-356
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Home fever management in children: a systematic review

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24554
Faiza Yuniati , Erwin Erwin , Sherli Shobur , Septi Ardianty , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Fever is a prevalent illness among children. Physical cooling interventions worsen the child’s condition as a result of parents’ anxiety and misconceptions about fever. This study aims to identify parental physical cooling intervention as fever management for feverish children in the scientific literature. The study adhered to the guidelines in the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The investigations were conducted within scientific electronic databases: ProQuest, Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, published in English, from January 2013 to August 2023. Authors screened articles for inclusion. After exclusion, there were ten studies included in the analysis with 15,488 participants. The literature review demonstrated that the physical cooling methods employed for home fever management were taking off excess clothes, providing extra fluid, warm compresses, sponging, showering and environmental measures. Sponging techniques and cold compresses are popular among parents. However, the methods have negative effects and are not recommended. Effective fever management optimizes the body's physiological response by ensuring adequate hydration, nutrition, and a conducive environment. When the fever worsens, parents should consider seeking medical treatment.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 529-538
Publish at: 2015-03-01

A scoping review of economic evaluations of post-traumatic stress disorder patients’ intervention

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.23725
Veronica Dwarika , Amos Nnaemeka Amedu
Intervention programmes for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been extensively evaluated economically, and the related implementation costs are presumably high. This study reviewed the cost-effectiveness of PTSD intervention programmes and associated health benefits. The literature search was carried out between June and July 2023. The PRISMA guidelines for scoping review protocols were strictly followed. A literature search was conducted on the National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, PubMed, PsycInfo, and EconLit, this search yielded 16 studies. This review revealed that trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (+selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor) (TF+CBT+SSRIs); prolonged exposure therapy; MDMA-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT); stepped care, screen and treatment; and the transmural trauma care model were cost-effective for PTSD treatment. The cost-effectiveness of intervention programmes that lasted 10 to 31 years was greater. In general, long-term intervention programmes have been associated with health benefits. It is also important to note that telemedicine, cognitive-behavioural therapy, biopsychosocial therapy, and individual therapeutic interventions are capital-intensive and inefficient. When disbursing funding for PTSD treatment around the world, the world health organisation (WHO) should keep in mind these identified interventions and the countries where they have been found to be cost-effective.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 333-342
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Particulate matter 2.5 pollution, perception, and mental stress

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24587
Raabkwan Khanthavit , Anya Khanthavit
Multivariate mediation analyses were used to relate perceptions of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) pollution level directly and indirectly to mental stress of residents in Bangkok, Thailand. PM2.5 induced concerns about respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, health, and unemployment served as mediators of the indirect effects. This study decomposed full perception into correct perception (actual PM2.5 level) and misperception so that the effects of perception and its components can be examined separately. The data were daily time series, beginning July 30, 2016, and ending September 30, 2023. Unobserved perception, PM2.5 induced concerns, and mental stress were proxied by Google’s relative search volume indexes. Correct perception was the actual PM2.5, whereas misperception was the regression residual of the full perception on the actual PM2.5. In the full sample, full perception and misperception had significant indirect effects, whereas correct perception had a significant direct effect. Respiratory disease was the main contributor to the significant indirect effect, although concern itself was not significant. For the COVID-19 subsample, full perceptions showed significant total, direct, and indirect effects. The significant indirect effect was explained by concerns regarding respiratory diseases and health. Correct perception had a significant direct effect; its indirect effect was small and nonsignificant. The results for misperceptions were similar to those for perceptions.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 292-301
Publish at: 2015-03-01

The influence of caring-based character learning interventions on the practical competencies among nursing students

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24687
Bhakti Permana , Ah Yusuf , Abu Bakar , Dwi Indah Iswanti , I Made Moh. Yanuar Saifudin
This study aimed to assess the impact of an educational intervention centered on fostering a caring-based character on the practical nursing competency related to ethics, law, and cultural sensitivity. The research employed a quasi-experimental approach with a pre-post design, incorporating a control group. Purposive sampling was used to select 33 respondents for both the intervention and control groups (n=66). The competency measurement instrument was validated and deemed reliable. The intervention, carried out over 12 weeks, utilized a module. Data analysis involved the Wilcoxon match pairs test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The intervention group exhibited a significant improvement in practical nursing competency concerning ethics, law, and cultural sensitivity before and after the caring-based character learning intervention (p<0.001), whereas the control group showed no notable difference (p=0.065). Significant competency differences were observed between the intervention and control groups (p=0.023). The implementation of a caring-based character learning module has the potential to enhance nursing students' competency, particularly in practical aspects related to ethics, law, and cultural sensitivity. It is suggested that nursing education incorporates character learning modules into the curriculum, training programs, or extracurricular activities.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 391-399
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Analysis and Identification the Complexity of Data Heterogeneity on Learning Environment Using Ontology

10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.1321
Arda; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Yunianta , Mohd Shahizan; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Othman , Norazah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Yusof , Lizawati; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Mi Yusuf , Juwairiah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Juwairiah , Nurul Syazana; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Selamat
Distributed and various systems on learning environment are the current issues to produce big data and heterogeneity data problem. Heterogeneity on learning environment is about numerous learning applications and various learning information to support a learning process in educational institutions. There are a lot of relationships are formed between elements on learning environment. The elements on learning environment consist of learning data, learning applications, data sources, learning concept, and data heterogeneity aspect on learning environment. These elements are interrelated and produce complex relationship between each other. A complex relationship problem between elements on learning environment makes a process of analysis and identification difficult to be done. Existing method to drawing this heterogeneity problem make confuse and misunderstanding readers. To solved this problem, researcher using ontology knowledge to describe and draw a semantic relationship that represent the complexity of data relationship on learning environment. The result of this analysis is to develop ontology knowledge to solve heterogeneity data problem specific in complexity relationship on learning environment. This result can give better understanding to the readers about complex relationship between elements on learning environment.
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Page: 341-348
Publish at: 2015-03-01

Modeling determinants of stunting among children under five years in Urban Areas

10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24721
Fibrianti Fibrianti , Fitria Hayu Palupi , Witri Dewi Mentari , Agung Setiyadi , Agung Sutriyawan
Child stunting remains a global public health problem. Compared to other middle-income countries, Indonesia is one of the countries with a high prevalence of stunting. This study aims to identify predictive indices and analyse the determinants of stunting in children under five in urban areas. Case control design was conducted on 420 (210 cases and 210 controls). Simple random sampling and side proportional techniques were used for sampling. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data through interviews and anthropometric measurements. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis and statistical significance expressed at 95% CI, as well as receiver operating characteristic analysis were used. Mothers with low education (OR=1.6, 95% CI=1.0-2.6), fathers with no permanent job (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.0-2.4), pregnancy interval less than 24 months (OR=1.6, 95% CI=1.0- 2.6), family size of five or more (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.3-3.3), income below minimum household income (OR=1. 7, 95% CI=1.0-2.8), not exclusively breastfed (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.1-3.7), not fully immunised (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.0-4.4), low birth weight (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.2-4.5), and a history of disease (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.0-3.8) were determinants of stunting. The most dominant determinant of stunting in children under five years old is low birth weight. Therefore, strategies and programmes are aimed at early prevention efforts, by increasing awareness to change community behaviour regarding improving maternal nutrition since pregnancy.
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page: 27-36
Publish at: 2015-03-01
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