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30,376 Article Results

Power Cable with Two Joints Experimental Analysis for Defect Assessments

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp399-405
Tze Mei Kuan , Azrul Mohd. Ariffin
Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is an easy technique that provides quick response which is ideal for power utility companies to conduct cable diagnostics on-site. Electricity disruption due to power cable failure is a major challenge for power utility companies due to the long length of cable installed with joints. The long time taken to diagnose the defect along the cable before electricity can be restored has not only jeopardized the reputation of power utility companies but also brings losses to the economy. Hence, this study conducts experimental analysis on cable with two joints with the application of TDR technique to reduce the electricity disruption time. This research is divided into two stages where stage 1 conducts experiments on cable with one degraded section while stage 2 looks into cable with two degraded sections. The TDR reflection characteristics are studied from stage 1 experiments and applied to stage 2 experiments to verify the consistency of the TDR reflection characteristics. The cable conditions of stage 2 experiments are predicted using the reflection characteristics from stage 1 observations and are then validated by comparing these predictions with the actual cable configuration. Results obtained from these experiments have proven that the TDR reflection characteristics are consistent and accurate which can be used to sectionalize the degraded cable section. Detail findings of all experiments conducted with the TDR application are discussed in part three of this paper.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 399-405
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Subjective-Objective Matching Evaluation Approach for Enhanced Dental Images

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp239-245
Siti Arpah Ahmad , Noor Elaiza Abd Khalid , Mohd Nasir Taib , Haslina Taib
Cases of misdiagnosis and variability evaluation among the dentists do happen. The complexity of anatomical structures and the low contrast of the original images are factors that contribute to the problems. Image enhancement is often used to enhance medical images. However, currently limited work has been done in enhancing the dental pathological features. Dentists come from different background in terms of experience, place of study, method of practices and emotional quotient. These are some of the factors that may cause differences in subjective evaluation among dentists. Therefore, this research focused on identifying objective measurements based on dentists’ subjective evaluation on abnormalities’ detection in jaw area. Objective measurement is based on contrast improvement index (CII) and subjective evaluation is derived from dentists’ questionnaire answering. This paper contributes to new knowledge in the initial phase of identifying dental disease characteristics by means of correlation between the subjective and objective evaluation.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 239-245
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Arrhythmia Classification Based on Combined Chaotic and Statistical Feature Extraction

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp127-136
Jayagopi G , Pushpa S
Obvious information content in Electro cardio graph has become mandatory to reveal the abnormalities in the heart functions. Arrhythmia is commonly seen heart disorder and results in fatal end, if not identified and treated properly within time limits. The straight forward scene in such diagnosis is to detect the salient features from the Electro cardio graph data using signal processing methods followed by proper classification methods.  16 classes of Arrhythmia had been classified in this work by adopting the traditional method of abnormality detection while introducing a novelty in the type of features to be extracted. Lyapunov Exponents, Kolmogorov Sinai Entropy Density, Kolmogorov Sinai Entropy Universality and R-R interval features based on Kurtosis and Skewness had been used to classify the heart beats from the benchmark MIT-Arrhythmia database. Since alternative features had been utilized, common Support Vector Machines based classification could produce an accuracy of 98.95% in the proposed work with just 13 features.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 127-136
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Modified Blowfish Algorithm

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp38-45
Theda Flare Ginoy Quilala , Ariel M Sison , Ruji P Medina
Cryptography guarantees security in communication through encryption. This paper proposed a modified Blowfish encryption that uses 128-bit block size and 128-bit key to comply with minimum requirements as an encryption standard. The modification retained the original structure for easy migration but utilized two S-boxes to save memory. A derivation was added to prevent symmetry.  The algorithm’s performance was evaluated using time, and avalanche. Upon testing, the modified blowfish is slower with key, encryption, and decryption average of 26.99ms, 1651.83ms, and 2765.04ms compared to blowfish with 21.65ms, 1297.76ms and 2176.59ms due to block size difference. Applying 128-bit block size increases security by decreasing the chances of having duplicate blocks that may leak information. The modified Blowfish is faster compared to Twofish with an encryption and decryption average time of 2418.08ms and 4002.70ms. The added derivation improved the avalanche of the modified blowfish.  Blowfish achieved 47.14% while modified Blowfish attained 52.86%.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 38-45
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Optimization of Dempster-Shafer’s Believe Value Using Genetic Algorithm for Identification of Plant Diseases Jatropha Curcas

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp61-68
Triando Hamonangan Saragih , Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy , Yusuf Priyo Anggodo
Jatropha curcas is a plant that can be used as a substitute for diesel fuel. Lack of knowledge of farmers and the limited number of experts and extension agents into the problem of dealing with the disease Jatropha curcas plant which resulted in lower quality of Jatropha curcas. Dempster-Shafer method can be a solution for decision making based on previous research. The difference in beliefs of every expert in seeing Jatropha diseases are important because Dempster-Shafer can not solve this problem. Optimization using genetic algorithms can solve this problem. Optimization of belief values using genetic algorithms can improve the accuracy of the results of this system are using Dempster-Shafer. On the results of this system provides the highest system accuracy value, opimization of belief values using genetic algorithms gives a more significant result than the use of Dempster-Shafer only.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 61-68
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Fast Ant Colony Optimization for Clustering

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp78-86
Abba Suganda Girsang , Tjeng Wawan Cenggoro , Ko-Wei Huang
Data clustering is popular data analysis approaches, which used to organizing data into sensible clusters based on similarity measure, where data within a cluster are similar to each other but dissimilar to that of another cluster. In the recently, the cluster problem has been proven as NP-hard problem, thus, it can be solved with meta-heuristic algorithms, such as the particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and ant colony optimization (ACO), respectively. This paper proposes an algorithm called Fast Ant Colony Optimization for Clustering (FACOC) to reduce the computation time of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) in clustering problem. FACOC is developed by the motivation that a redundant computation is occurred in ACO for clustering. This redundant computation can be cut in order to reduce the computation time of ACO for clustering. The proposed FACOC algorithm was verified on 5 well-known benchmarks. Experimental result shows that by cutting this redundant computation, the computation time can be reduced about 28% while only suffering a small quality degradation.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 78-86
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Discrete Evolutionary Programming for Network Splitting Strategy: Different Mutation Technique

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp261-268
N.Z. Saharuddin , Zainal Abidin , H. Mokhlis
Network splitting is performed to prevent the power system network from blackout event during severe cascading failures. This action will split the power system network into few islands by disconnecting the proper transmission lines. It is very important to select the optimal splitting solution (transmission lines to be removed) to ensure that the implementation of network splitting does not cause the system to worsen. Therefore, this paper investigates two different mutation techniques; single-level and three-level mutation, utilized in Discrete Evolutionary Programming (DEP) optimization to find the optimal splitting solution following a critical line outage. Initial cutsets based heuristic technique is employed to help the convergence of the DEP optimization with minimal power flow disruptions as its fitness function. The techniques are validated using the IEEE 30 and IEEE 118-bus system. The results show that three-level mutation technique produces better optimal splitting solution as compared to single mutation technique.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 261-268
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Validation of S-parameter Power Cable Joint Model on Two Cable Defect Sections

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp282-289
Tze Mei Kuan , Suhaila Sulaiman , Azrul Mohd. Ariffin , Mohd Amjad Ridzuan Radhi
Electricity disruption due to power cable failure is a major challenge to power utility companies worldwide. A technique which provides quick response with accurate result is needed to detect defects along the cable to reduce the disruption time. This paper discusses the application of time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique to identify and locate the defect along a cable. A cable system is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink to replicate the cable configuration with two joints using the scattering parameter (S-parameter). This research studies the fault identification for two degraded sections in a cable by analyzing the reflected signal from the TDR technique. The characteristics of the reflected signal which indicates the defect cable section are discussed in detail in this paper. Results from MATLAB/Simulink simulations are also compared to the experimental results of the same cable configuration. This study shows that the signal reflection characteristics from MATLAB/Simulink simulations are similar to the experimental results. This indicates that the cable model system built using MATLAB/Simulink replicates the actual cable system accurately which can be used for further analysis of cable fault localization.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 282-289
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Machine Learning with PySpark - Review

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp102-106
Raswitha Bandi , J Amudhavel , R Karthik
A reasonable distributed memory-based Computing system for machine learning is Apache Spark. Spark is being superior in computing when compared with Hadoop. Apache Spark is a quick, simple to use for handling big data that has worked in modules of Machine Learning, streaming SQL, and graph processing. We can apply machine learning algorithms to big data easily, which makes it simple by using Spark and its machine learning library MLlib, even this can be made simpler by using the Python API PySpark. This paper presents the study on how to develop machine learning algorithms in PySpark. 
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 102-106
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Hexa-band MIMO CPW Bow-tie Aperture Antenna Using Particle Swarm Optimization

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3118-3128
A.K. hamid , W. Obaid
A MIMO hexa-band Bowtie Antenna for Wi-Fi is proposed. The MIMO antenna can operate at six frequency bands: 2.4, 4.4, 6.1, 8.5, 10.25 and 12.8 GHz. The MIMO antenna consists of four loaded bowtie hexa-band antennas having the same structure. Each single antenna element is loaded with six metallic strips as well as interconnected parasitic rectangular components. The presented HFSS simulations will show that the MIMO loaded antenna can operate at six frequency bands including 2.4 GHz by obtaining the return loss results, radiation patterns, and other antenna parameters. It will be shown also that the MIMO bowtie antenna has a very low mutual coupling at all the operating frequencies for the specific loaded metallic strips width which was obtained using Particle Swarm Optimization technique.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3118-3128
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Enhanced RSA Cryptosystem based on Multiplicity of Public and Private Keys

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3949-3953
Ahmed Eskander Mezher
Security is one of the most important concern to the information and data sharing for companies, banks, organizations and government facilities. RSA is a public cryptographic algorithm that is designed specifically for authentication and data encryption. One of the most powerful reasons makes RSA more secure is that the avoidance of key exchange in the encryption and decryption processes. Standard RSA algorithm depends on the key length only to protect systems. However, RSA key is broken from time to another due to the development of computers hardware such as high speed processors and advanced technology. RSA developers have increased a key length or size of a key periodically to maintain a high security and privacy to systems that are protected by the RSA. In this paper, a method has been designed and implemented to strengthen the RSA algorithm by using multiple public and private keys. Therefore, in this method the security of RSA not only depends on the key size, but also relies on the multiplicity of public and private keys.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3949-3953
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Information System Success Framework based on Interpersonal Conflict Factors

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3740-3746
Mohammed Aboaoga , Mohd Juzaiddin Ab Aziz , Ibrahim Mohamed
Information system success (ISS) has received considerable attention from researchers as it plays an important role in improving the efficiency and productivity of an organization. Several researchers have conducted empirical studies using numerous factors (e.g. organizational, technological, and individual factors) which affect the information system success. However, there are several factors which are related to interpersonal conflict which may affect information system success. The interpersonal conflict is a critical dimension which can greatly influence information system success in a competitive environment such as the financial sector. Therefore, this study introduces a framework to investigate the influence of interpersonal conflict factors on information system success in the Ministry of Finance, Yemen. The study employed a quantitative method which consists of the following steps: survey design, data collection and data analysis. A sample size comprising 130 employees were distributed in the Ministry of Finance, Yemen. Questionnaires were used to collect data from this sample. Data analysis (reliability, validity, correlation and factor analysis) has been carried out using SPSS.  In addition, structural equation modelling (SEM) has been used for evaluation the research model. Based on the experimental results, the findings in this study revealed that the interpersonal factors (interference, disagreement and instability) significantly negatively (at 0.05 level of significance) influence user satisfaction of information system success.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3740-3746
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Design of Digital Parity Generator Layout Using 0.7 micron Technology

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3550-3559
Wahab Musa , Sri Wahyuni Dali , Ade Irawaty Tolago
The proposed digital parity generator circuit is an integrated circuit functions to detect data errors at the transmitter end, and check it at the receiving end. In digital communications, the digital messages are transmitted in the form of 1’s and 0’s between two points. It is an error free if both are the same. The purpose of this research is to implement a design method of digital parity generator layout with 0.7 micron process technology ECPD07 from Tanner Tools. Layout design starts from making schematic circuit, test function and make a layout. Next, check the layout results in terms of design rules and verify the desired functionality gradually. The results show that the circuit has functioned well as an odd parity generator. The simulation results obtained with loads CL = 25 fF, tpLH = 2nS and tpHL = 1.46 nS indicate that tp = 1.73nS or operating frequency of 578 MHz. The integrated digital parity generator circuit using transmission gate has a size of 14758 um2 (78.5 um x188 um), consisting of 74 gates.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3550-3559
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Sensing and Sharing Schemes for Spectral Efficiency of Cognitive Radios

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2934-2941
M. K. Kaushik , Y. Yoganandam , SK Sahoo
Increase in data traffic, number of users and their requirements laid to a necessity of more bandwidth. Cognitive radio is one of the emerging technology which addresses the spectrum scarcity issue. In this work we study the advantage of having collaboration between cognitive enabled small cell network and primary macrocell. Different from the existing works at spectrum sensing stage we are applying enhanced spectrum sensing to avoid probability of false alarms and missed detections which has impact on spectral efficiency. Later power control optimization for secondary users known as Hybrid spectrum sharing is used for further improvement of spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the failed packets of Primary users are taken care by high ranked relays which in turn decreases the average Primary user packet delay by 20% when compared between assisted Secondary user method and non-assisted Secondary user method. 
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2934-2941
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR)

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2812-2817
Muhammad Fachrurrozi , Saparudin Saparudin , Erwin Erwin , Mardiana Mardiana , Clara Fin Badillah , Junia Erlina , Auzan Lazuardi
Face recognition system in real time is divided into three processes, namely feature extraction, clustering, detection, and recognition. Each of these stages uses different methods, Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and Euclidean Distance. Multi-face image search using Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) method. CBIR performs image search by image feature itself. Based on real time trial results, the accuracy value obtained is 61.64%.  
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2812-2817
Publish at: 2018-10-01
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