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28,428 Article Results

Integral Backstepping Control for Maximum Power Point Tracking and Unity Power Factor of a Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic System

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1671-1680
Hicham Bahri , Mohamed Aboulfatah , M’hammed Guisser , Elhassane Abdelmounim , Mohammed El Malah
This paper presents a robust control strategy for a grid connected photovoltaic system with a boost converter by using an integral Backstepping method based on a nonlinear state model, which guarantees the Lyapunov stability of the global system. The system has tracked precisely the maximum power point, with a very fast response and the unit power factor has been observed under different atmospheric conditions. Moreover, the best advantage of the controller is that it’s a good corrector of the grid perturbation and system parameter disturbance. The simulation result has demonstrated the performance of this strategy.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1671-1680
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Design of a Selective Filter based on 2D Photonic Crystals Materials

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1833-1838
Lallam Farah , Badaoui Hadjira , Abri Mehadji
Two dimensional finite differences temporal domain (2D-FDTD) numerical simulations are performed in cartesian coordinate system to determine the dispersion diagrams of transverse electric (TE) of a two-dimension photonic crystal (PC) with triangular lattice. The aim of this work is to design a filter with maximum spectral response close to the frequency 1.55 μm. To achieve this frequency, selective filters PC are formed by combination of three waveguides W1K A wherein the air holes have of different normalized radii respectively r1/a=0.44, r2/a=0.288 and r3/a= 0.3292 (a: is the periodicity of the lattice with value 0.48 μm). Best response is obtained when we insert three small cylindrical cavities (with normalized radius of 0.17) between the two half-planes of photonic crystal strong lateral confinement.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1833-1838
Publish at: 2017-08-01

A Novel Control Strategy Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Compensation of Voltage Harmonics in Distribution System

10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i2.pp338-347
Syed Suraya , P. Sujatha P , Bharat Kumar. P
Power quality is one of the areas that the power sector is worried about. Power quality is the measure of practical system resemblance to ideal system. Voltage quality can be defined as the maintenance of voltage waveform shape close to ideal shape with proper magnitude and frequency. Even a slight change in voltage of the system can cause serious damage to the power system. Sensitive loads cannot adjust for small change in voltage. This paper presents Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) for voltage harmonic suppression along with sag/swell compensation in distribution system. DVR is a voltage source converter which sends compensating signals when operated through switches of voltage source converter. This paper presents a novel control strategy to control DVR to block out the voltage harmonics in distribution system. The models and results are developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and comparative analysis of source voltage harmonics and load voltage harmonics during sag/swell compensation was tabulated.
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Page: 338-347
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Performance Evaluation of Automatic Number Plate Recognition on Android Smartphone Platform

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1973-1982
Teddy Surya Gunawan , Abdul Mutholib , Mira Kartiwi
Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is an intelligent system which has the capability to recognize the character on vehicle number plate. Previous researches implemented ANPR system on personal computer (PC) with high resolution camera and high computational capability. On the other hand, not many researches have been conducted on the design and implementation of ANPR in smartphone platforms which has limited camera resolution and processing speed. In this paper, various steps to optimize ANPR, including pre-processing, segmentation, and optical character recognition (OCR) using artificial neural network (ANN) and template matching, were described. The proposed ANPR algorithm was based on Tesseract and Leptonica libraries. For comparison purpose, the template matching based OCR will be compared to ANN based OCR. Performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated on the developed Malaysian number plates’ image database captured by smartphone’s camera. Results showed that the accuracy and processing time of the proposed algorithm using template matching was 97.5% and 1.13 seconds, respectively. On the other hand, the traditional algorithm using template matching only obtained 83.7% recognition rate with 0.98 second processing time. It shows that our proposed ANPR algorithm improved the recognition rate with negligible additional processing time.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1973-1982
Publish at: 2017-08-01

High Resolution Method using Patch Circular Array

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2116-2124
Mohammed Amine Ihedrane , Seddik Bri , El Fadl Adiba
Smart antennas have recently received increasing for improving the performance of wireless radio systems. In this research article, we have used a patch antenna using uniform circular arrays (UCA) with central element for direction of arrival (DOA). A central element was added to arrays in order to increase steering capability of the proposed array. This geometry is used to determine the elevation and azimuth based on two famous algorithms of high resolution method: Matrix Pencil method (MP) and MUltiple Signal Classification (MUSIC).The comparison results demonstrate clearly that the matrix pencil is more accurate and stable to estimation of direction of arrival compared to the MUSIC algorithm.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2116-2124
Publish at: 2017-08-01

A Proposal for End-to-End QoS Provisioning in Software-Defined Networks

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2261-2277
Francesco Lucrezia , Guido Marchetto , Fulvio Risso , Michele Santuari , Matteo Gerola
This paper describes a framework application for the control plane of a network infrastructure; the objective is to feature end-user applications with the capability of requesting at any time a customised end-to-end Quality-of-Service profile in the context of dynamic Service-Level-Agreements. Our solution targets current and future real-time applications that require tight QoS parameters, such as a guaranteed end-to-end delay bound. These applications include, but are not limited to, health-care, mobility, education, manufacturing, smart grids, gaming and much more. We discuss the issues related to the previous Integrated Service and the reason why the RSVP protocol for guaranteed QoS did not take off. Then we present a new signaling and resource reservation framework based on the cutting-edge network controller ONOS.  Moreover, the presented system foresees the need of considering the edges of the network, where terminal applications are connected to, to be piloted by distinct logically centralised controllers. We discuss a possible inter-domain communication mechanism to achieve the end-to-end QoS guarantee.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2261-2277
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Thermal and Electrical Study for PV Panel With Cooling

10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i2.pp492-499
Z. Syafiqah , Y.M. Irwan , N.A.M. Amin , M. Irwanto , W.Z. Leow , A.R. Amelia
Paper presents an investigation on photovoltaic (PV) panel with a direct-current (DC) fan cooling system. The DC fan cooling system was installed at the back of PV panel in order to reduce its operating temperature. The performance of PV panel can be affected with the increase of its operating temperature. Therefore, with the aid of the DC fan cooling system, it can enhance the performance by raise the output power generated. However, DC fan cooling system is considered as an active cooling system, whereby it consumes input power in operating it. The thermal behavior of PV panel with different DC fan speeds were observed by using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software. From the temperature obtained, a current-Voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) can be formed by using PSPICE due to examine its electrical performance. As the DC fan speed increases, the power input to operate it also increase. Hence, it is crucial to find the optimum speed so that the power generated by PV panel that can be saved is high.
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Page: 492-499
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Unimodal Multi-Feature Fusion and one-dimensional Hidden Markov Models for Low-Resolution Face Recognition

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1915-1922
Othmane El Meslouhi , Zineb Elgarrai , Mustapha Kardouchi , Hakim Allali
The objective of low-resolution face recognition is to identify faces from small size or poor quality images with varying pose, illumination, expression, etc. In this work, we propose a robust low face recognition technique based on one-dimensional Hidden Markov Models. Features of each facial image are extracted using three steps: firstly, both Gabor filters and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptor are calculated. Secondly, the size of these features is reduced using the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) method in order to remove redundant information. Finally, the reduced features are combined using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) method. Unlike existing techniques using HMMs, in which authors consider each state to represent one facial region (eyes, nose, mouth, etc), the proposed system employs 1D-HMMs without any prior knowledge about the localization of interest regions in the facial image. Performance of the proposed method will be measured using the AR database.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1915-1922
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Concurrent Quad-band Low Noise Amplifier (QB-LNA) using Multisection Impedance Transformer

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2061-2070
Teguh Firmansyah , Anggoro Suryo Pramudyo , Siswo Wardoyo , Romi Wiryadinata , Alimuddin Alimuddin
A quad-band low noise amplifier (QB-LNA) based on multisection impedance transformer designed and evaluated in this research. As a novelty, a multisection impedance transformer was used to produce QB-LNA. A multisection impedance transformer is used as input and output impedance matching because it has higher stability, large Q factor, and low noise than lumpedcomponent.The QB-LNA was designed on FR4 microstrip substrate with er= 4.4, thickness h=0.8 mm, and tan d= 0.026. The proposed QB-LNA was designed and analyzed by Advanced Design System (ADS).The simulation has shown that QB-LNA achieves gain (S21) of 22.91 dB, 16.5 dB,  11.18 dB, and 7.25 dB at 0.92 GHz, 1.84 GHz, 2.61 GHz, and 3.54 GHz, respectively.The QB-LNA obtainreturn loss (S11) of -21.28 dB, -31.87 dB,  -28.08 dB, and -30.85 dB at 0.92 GHz, 1.84 GHz, 2.61 GHz, and 3.54 GHz, respectively. It also achieves a noise figure (nf) of 2.35 dB, 2.13 dB, 2.56 dB, and 3.55 dB at 0.92 GHz, 1.84 GHz, 2.61 GHz, and 3.54 GHz, respectively. This research also has shown that the figure of merit (FoM) of the proposed QB-LNA is higher than that of another multiband LNA.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2061-2070
Publish at: 2017-08-01

The Evaluated Measurement of a Combined Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Immune System

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2071-2084
Pongsarun Boonyopakorn , Phayung Meesad
This paper demonstrates a hybrid between two optimization methods which are the Artificial Immune System (AIS) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The novel algorithm called the immune genetic algorithm (IGA), provides improvement to the results that enable GA and AIS to work separately which is the main objective of this hybrid. Negative selection which is one of the techniques in the AIS, was employed to determine the input variables (populations) of the system. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the IGA, the comparison with a steady-state GA, AIS, and PSO were also investigated. The testing of the performance was conducted by mathematical testing, problems were divided into single and multiple objectives. The five single objectives were then used to test the modified algorithm, the results showed that IGA performed better than all of the other methods. The DTLZ multiobjective testing functions were then used. The result also illustrated that the modified approach still had the best performance.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2071-2084
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Survey of Hybrid Image Compression Techniques

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2206-2214
Emy Setyaningsih , Agus Harjoko
A compression process is to reduce or compress the size of data while maintaining the quality of information contained therein. This paper presents a survey of research papers discussing improvement of various hybrid compression techniques during the last decade. A hybrid compression technique is a technique combining excellent properties of each group of methods as is performed in JPEG compression method. This technique combines lossy and lossless compression method to obtain a high-quality compression ratio while maintaining the quality of the reconstructed image. Lossy compression technique produces a relatively high compression ratio, whereas lossless compression brings about high-quality data reconstruction as the data can later be decompressed with the same results as before the compression. Discussions of the knowledge of and issues about the ongoing hybrid compression technique development indicate the possibility of conducting further researches to improve the performance of image compression method.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2206-2214
Publish at: 2017-08-01

One-dimensional Lumped-Circuit for Transient Thermal Study of an Induction Electric Motor

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1714-1724
Radhia Jebahi , Helmi Aloui , Moez Ayadi
Electrical machines lifetime and performances could be improved when along the design process both electromagnetic and thermal behaviors are taken into account. Moreover, real time information about the device thermal state is necessary to an appropriate control with minimized losses. Models based on lumped parameter thermal circuits are: generic, rapid, accurate and qualified as a convenient solution for power systems. The purpose of the present paper is to validate a simulation platform intended for the prediction of the thermal state of an induction motor covering all operation regimes.  To do so, in steady state, the proposed model is validated using finite element calculation and experimental records. Then, in an overload situation, obtained temperatures are compared to finite element’s ones. It has been found that, in both regimes, simulation results are with closed proximity to finite element’s ones and experimental records.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1714-1724
Publish at: 2017-08-01

Modulation Index Variation Effect on Harmonic Behavior of Fifteen Multilevel Inverter Neutral-Point-Clamped Topology

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1892-1898
Rabie Benioub , Laid Kadri , Mohamed Adnane , Kenji Itaka
The Market for photovoltaic cells (PV) has grown fast due to a higher demand on PV applications. However, there are still the transport and connection problems of the PV systems to the grid because of the difference in the current form. To assure the adequate connection between the PV sources and the network, the conversion of direct current (DC) to an alternative current (AC) is required and provided by an electronic device known as the inverter. In this last years, the conventional inverter structure reached its limits in power level and conversion performance. The multilevel inverter (MLI) structure was introduced and widely used in high power and high voltage applications to solve the conventional inverter limitation problem. In this paper, the Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) topology of the MLI was simulated to evaluate the effect of modulation index variation of the control technique on the harmonic behavior of the fifteen-level NPC. The simulation results were useful for the optimization of the MLI control technique toward the decrease of the harmonic (THD) effect on the NPC MLI.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 1892-1898
Publish at: 2017-08-01

A Critical Evaluation of Power Quality Features using Dual APF under Grid Interfaced DG Scheme

10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i2.pp322-337
Yadiki Rajendra Babu , C Srinivas Rao
This paper presents the concept of power quality enhancement reducing the harmonic distortion with power distribution system consisting of balanced and unbalanced non-linear type of loads. This paper presents power quality enhancement using dual active power filters (APF’s) under grid connected distributed generation scheme. Acive power filters effectively generate compensating signals for harmonic abolition and this paper presents APF for compensating currents to be induced in to distribution grid for harmonic elimination under balanced and unbalanced non-linear load conditions. Distributed generation (DG) feeds the grid and the scheme of grid interfaced DG was explained. APF is controlled using instantaneous P-Q theory and DG inverter is controlled using simple control strategy. Proposed system was developed and the results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Page: 322-337
Publish at: 2017-08-01

A New Planar Multiband Antenna for GPS, ISM and WiMAX Applications

10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2018-2026
I. Zahraoui , A. Errkik , M. C. Abounaima , A. Tajmouati , L. E. Abdellaoui , M. Latrach
In this paper a design of a new antenna with modified ground plane is validated for multiband applications. The proposed modified ground structure is incorporated with a patch antenna to boost the performance. The antenna’s entire area is 59.5x47mm2 and is printed on an FR-4 substrate and fed by a 50 Ohm microstrip line.  This structure is validated in the GPS (1.56-1.58 GHz) band at 1.57 GHz, in the ISM (2.43-2.49 GHz) band at 2.45GHz and in the WiMAX (3.50-3.56 GHz) band at 3.53 GHz. These three frequency bands have good matching input impedance for, S11≤-10 dB. The antenna presents a good performance in terms of radiation pattern, and it is designed, optimized, and miniaturized by using CST-MW whose results are compared with other solvers HFSS and ADS. The results obtained by the use of the three EM solvers are in good agreement. After realization, we have tested and validated this antenna. The measurement results of the antenna present a good agreement with the numerical results.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Page: 2018-2026
Publish at: 2017-08-01
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