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Development of Automatic Mixing Process for Fertigation System in Rock Melon Cultivation

10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1913-1919
Muhammad Khairie Idham Abd Rahman , Salinda Buyamin , M. S. Zainal Abidin , Musa Mohd Mokji
This work proposed an automatic mixing system of nutrient solution for rock melon fertigation according to the required electrical conductivity (EC) level. Compared to the manual practice, this automatic system will ensure continuous supply of mixed nutrient solution without the need to daily check and mix new nutrient. Thus, this easy to use and low cost automatic system will reduce the burden of the farmers. This system uses an EC sensor to automatically check the concentration level of the mixed nutrient solution. Other than that, the system only consists of electronic pumps for mixing process and an Arduino board as the controller. The controller will monitor the EC level and run the mixing process when the EC level is below the required level. By calibrating the EC sensors, the test shows that the automatic mixing system is able to accurately keep the mixed nutrient solution concentration in a 400 L mixing reservoir at several required levels.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 1913-1919
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Lessons Learned from the Quality of Experience (QoE) Assessment of 4G Mobile Technology in Indonesia

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp1203-1211
Muhammad Suryanegara , Fery Andriyanto , Ajib Setyo Arifin
The purpose of this research is to assess the quality of experience (QoE) of 4G mobile technology that is used in the Indonesian market. The study analyzed the results obtained and discussed the lesson learned for stakeholders of the telecommunications industry. Primary data was obtained by conducting a market survey in May 2017, with a confidence level of 95%, representing the 4G subscribers in the Indonesia market. There are three main subjective aspects of QoE: service quality, data speed, and network quality (indicated by stability of signal). The analyses were conducted based on ACR-HR score, comparing users’ experiences of 4G with their previous 3G subscriptions. It was found that, in general, the Indonesian market perceived 4G as offering a better experience than 3G. However, one of the important lessons that can be learned is that network operators should provide a more stable signal, as the market gave a lower score for this aspect.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 1203-1211
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Integration Method of Local-global SVR and Parallel Time Variant PSO in Water Level Forecasting for Flood Early Warning System

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.6772
Arief Andy; Universitas Brawijaya Soebroto , Imam; Universitas Brawijaya Cholissodin , Maria Tenika; Universitas Brawijaya Frestantiya , Ziya El; Universitas Brawijaya Arief
Flood is one type of natural disaster that can’t be predicted, one of the main causes of flooding is the continuous rain (natural events). In terms of meteorology, the cause of flood is come from high rainfall and the high tide of the sea, resulting in increased the water level. Rainfall and water level analysis in each period, still not able to solve the existing problems. Therefore in this study, the proposed integration method of Parallel Time Variant PSO (PTVPSO) and Local-Global Support Vector Regression (SVR) is used to forecast water level. Implementation in this study combine SVR as regression method for forecast the water level, Local-Global concept take the role for the minimization for the computing time, while PTVPSO used in the SVR to obtain maximum performance and higher accurate result by optimize the parameters of SVR. Hopefully this system will be able to solve the existing problems for flood early warning system due to erratic weather.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1193-1200
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Pico-hydro Electrification from Rainwater’s Gravitational Force for Urban Area

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8076
M Faizal; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Yaakub , M Farriz; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Basar , F Hanim Mohd; Universiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia Noh , Hambali; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Boejang
The demand for electrical energy is increasing in most areas in the world. Unstable fossil fuel price and its rapid depletion have led to an intensive research on new energy source and energy conversion. This paper presents the performance of the energy harvesting which focuses on the experimental work to emulate energy harvesting from the rainwater by utilizing a Pico - hydro approach installed to a high building. NACuM core DB-370F DC generators, 1000 litres water tank, 0.5 inch diameter piping system used in two different configurations with three different head setups. The result shows a huge energy harvesting potential obtained from the system and rainwater with maximum 261 milliwatts despite the hardware’s limitation in the setup. Hance, contributes to the cost-efficient due to its small in size, environmentally friendly, and hassle-free maintenance.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 997-1003
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Comparison of Methods for Batik Classification Using Multi Texton Histogram

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7376
Agus Eko; Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Minarno , Ayu Septya; Universitas Muhammadiyah Maulani , Arrie; Universitas Islam Indonesia Kurniawardhani , Fitri; Universitas Mataram Bimantoro , Nanik; Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Suciati
Batik is a symbol reflecting Indonesian culture which has been acknowledged by UNESCO since 2009. Batik has various motifs or patterns. Because most regions in Indonesia have their own characteristic of batik motifs, people find difficulties to recognize the variety of Batik. This study attempts to develop a system that can help people to classify Batik motifs using Multi Texton Histogram (MTH) for feature extraction. Meanwhile, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm were employed for classification. The performance of those classifications is then compared to seek the best classification method for Batik classification. The performance is tested 300 images divided into 50 classes. The results show the optimum accuracy achieved using k-NN with k=5 and MTH with 6 textons is 82%; however, SVM and MTH with 6 textons denote 76%. According to the result, MTH as feature extraction, k-NN or SVM as a classifier can be applied on Batik image classification.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1358-1366
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch using Crow Search Algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1423-1431
Lakshmi M , Ramesh Kumar A
The optimal reactive power dispatch is a kind of optimization problem that plays a very important role in the operation and control of the power system. This work presents a meta-heuristic based approach to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch problem. The proposed approach employs Crow Search algorithm to find the values for optimal setting of optimal reactive power dispatch control variables. The proposed way of approach is scrutinized and further being tested on the standard IEEE 30-bus, 57-bus and 118-bus test system with different objectives which includes the minimization of real power losses, total voltage deviation and also the enhancement of voltage stability. The simulation results procured thus indicates the supremacy of the proposed approach over the other approaches cited in the literature.
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Page: 1423-1431
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Initial Phase Effect on DOA Estimation in MMIMO Using Separated Steering Matrix

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8539
Bayan Mahdi; Al-Nahrain University Sabar , Yasmine M.; Al-Nahrain University Tabra
Providing simple and low complexity algorithms for estimating the direction of arrival in large systems using Massive MIMO is considered an important issue. In this paper a method with reduced complexity was proposed to estimate the direction of arrival in FD- MMIMO. The Separated Steering Matrix (SSM) algorithm uses two separated equations for estimating elevation and azimuth angles of Multi-users. This method reduces the complexity of calculating the covariance matrix by decreasing the size of this matrix. This technique is tested using 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Since the mobility of devices affects the accuracy of direction estimation, thus the effect of the initial phase of transmitted signal from mobile device is tested.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 946-954
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Correlation between Reflection Coefficient, Dielectric Properties and Brix Level of Malaysian Oranges at Microwave Frequencies

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp853-858
Rafidah Rosman , Mohamad Ngasri Dimon , You Kok Yeow
This paper presents sweetness degree (°Brix) prediction of the Malaysian oranges using microwave technique. Experimental measurement using monopole sensor and reflectometer was done in order to correlate the relationship between measured reflection coefficient, S11  of the orange and its sweetness level. Up to fifty orange samples were freshly plucked from local grower’s farm and tested. The unique design of the monopole sensor’s holder is made of nylon. The experiment test bed was set up based on the standard dimension of monopole sensor available in the market. The operating frequency is focusing on 2.2 GHz as it shows significant sensitivity for determining Malaysian local oranges sweetness level.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 853-858
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Evolutionary Computational Algorithm by Blending of PPCA and EP-Enhanced Supervised Classifier for Microarray Gene Expression Data

10.11591/ijai.v7.i2.pp95-104
Manaswini Pradhan
In DNA microarray technology, gene classification is considered to be difficult because the attributes of the data, are characterized by high dimensionality and small sample size. Classification of tissue samples in such high dimensional problems is a complicated task. Furthermore, there is a high redundancy in microarray data and several genes comprise inappropriate information for accurate classification of diseases or phenotypes. Consequently, an efficient classification technique is necessary to retrieve the gene information from the microarray experimental data. In this paper, a classification technique is proposed that classifies the microarray gene expression data well. In the proposed technique, the dimensionality of the gene expression dataset is reduced by Probabilistic PCA. Then, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is selected as the supervised classifier and it is enhanced using Evolutionary programming (EP) technique. The enhancement of the classifier is accomplished by optimizing the dimension of the ANN. The enhanced classifier is trained using the Back Propagation (BP) algorithm and so the BP error gets minimized. The well-trained ANN has the capacity of classifying the gene expression data to the associated classes. The proposed technique is evaluated by classification performance over the cancer classes, Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). The classification performance of the enhanced ANN classifier is compared over the existing ANN classifier and SVM classifier.
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Page: 95-104
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Wireless Data Communication Techniques to Coordinate Distributed Rooftop PVs in Unbalanced Three-phase Feeder

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7780
Rachmawati; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Rachmawati , Anita; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Fauziah , Nelly; Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Safitri
A necessity of the availability of communication network to provide data transfer amongst the coordinated single-phase rooftop photovoltaic (PV) in unbalanced three-phase low voltage (LV) feeder is essential since fetching data within the sensor of each PV unit requires real-time measurement and reliable data exchange within smart grid (SG), loads and other PV units. The main objective of this paper is to model the popular Wi-Fi, WiMax and ZigBee wireless data communication techniques into algorithms using numerical analysis. Those communication technologies have low cost and low power consumption. The benefits and drawbacks of those considered wireless data communications are shown as the required data that transferred and appropriate coding is also proposed. The number of transmitted symbols and the processing time delay of the proposed data coding are numerically analyzed, the results indicated that the 100% penetration level of PV that resulted higher injected reactive power back into the networks is able to be overcome since the coordinated PVs along the feeder is communicating to lower the unbalanced voltage profile.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1101-1106
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Asymptotic features of Hessian Matrix in Receding Horizon Model Predictive Control with Medium Sized Prediction Frames

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.9035
M. Bilal; University of Technology Shahid , M. Abbas; University of Technology Abbasi , Sehar; University College of Engineering & Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Arsha
In this paper, Receding Horizon Model Predictive Control (RH-MPC) having a quadratic objective function is studied through the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Singular Vectors of its Hessian Matrix. Contrary to the previous work, non-equal and medium sized control and prediction horizons are considered and it is shown that the Singular Values converge to the open loop magnitude response of the system and singular vectors contain the phase information. Earlier results focused on classical formulation of Generalized Predictive Control (GPC), whereas, current work proves the applicability to modern formulation. Although, method can easily be extended to MIMO systems, only SISO system examples are presented.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1174-1182
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Thermal Effect of Wind Generation on Conventional Generator in a Microgrid

10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp890-896
Azmi Hashim , Kwok L Lo
In order to reduce CO2 emissions, which is one of the key strategy in combatting global warming, development of wind energy technology as source of renewable energy has become more important globally. However, the variability of the wind speeds leads to the intermittent nature of wind power generation. The conventional generators in the system must be able to compensate this fluctuation to maintain system stability and meet the load demand in the grid. This in turn may increase the temperature of the conventional generators beyond what normally occurs without wind generation in the grid. The aim of the paper is to inestigate the effect of thermal heating of the generators due to the variable output of wind generation in different time of the year in a microgrid by proposing proper modelling in the simulation. The simulations are done in 24 hours period in four different time of the years corresponding to different seasons of the year.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 890-896
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Face Recognition on Linear Motion-blurred Image

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.5480
Fergyanto E.; Bina Nusantara University Gunawan , Jeklin; Bina Nusantara University Harefa , Nobumasa; Toyohashi University of Technology Sekishita
Most face recognition algorithms are generally capable to achieve a high level of accuracy when the image is acquired under wellcontrolled conditions. The face should be still during the acquisition process; otherwise, the resulted image would be blur and hard for recognition. Enforcing persons to stand still during the process is impractical; extremely likely that recognition should be performed on a blurred image. It is important to understand the relation between the image blur and the recognition accuracy. The ORL Database was used in the study. All images were in PGM format of 92 × 112 pixels from forty different persons, ten images per person. Those images were randomly divided into training and testing datasets with 50-50 ratio. Singular value decomposition was used to extract the features. The images in the testing datasets were artificially blurred to represent a linear motion, and recognition was performed. The blurred images were also filtered using various methods. The accuracy levels of the recognition on the basis of the blurred faces and filtered faces were compared. The performed numerical study suggests that at its best, the image improvement processes are capable to improve the recognition accuracy level by less than five percent.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1249-1255
Publish at: 2018-06-01

The Prediction of Optimal Route of City Transportation Based on Passenger Occupancy using Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study in The City of Bandung

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.7077
Sri Suryani; Telkom University Prasetiyowati , Yuliant; Telkom University Sibaroni , Derwin; Telkom University Prabangkara
Currently, the existence of city transport is increasingly eliminated by private vehicles such as cars and motorcycles. This situation is further exacerbated by the behavior of city transport drivers who are less discipline in driving, or in picking up and dropping off their passengers. The bad behavior is partly caused by the low level of passenger occupancy. The drivers try to search for passengers as much as possible but often ignore the traffic rules. To overcome this problem, an optimal transport route with high passenger potential is required. Therefore, this study investigated the optimal route of city transport based on the passenger occupancy rate in the city of Bandung as the case study. The method employed for determining the optimal route is Genetic algorithm combined with Ordinary Kriging method used for the process of passenger prediction and fitness calculation. The optimal routes are those with higher occupancy rate. The analysis results showed that the use of the Genetic algorithm with a low number of generations succeed in creating new optimal routes even though the increase is not too high the maximum only reaches 4%.This result is certainly important enough to be used in making better public transport routes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1201-1207
Publish at: 2018-06-01

Synchronous Mobile Robots Formation Control

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i3.8397
Mohd Razali; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohamad Sapiee , Khalil Azha; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohd Annuar
Synchronous mobile robots formation control is one of the most challenging and interesting fields in robotics. The mobile robots communicate with each other through wireless communication to perform similar movement. This study analyzed two mobile robots that can perform synchronous movement along a shaped path. A square shape is set as a path for the mobile robot movements. The front robot being the leading robot transmits the instruction of its movement to the robot behind it, acting as the following robot through a wireless communication. The instruction sent by the leading robot is received by the following robot through a program embedded in the leading robot microcontroller which then drives the following robot to move and imitates the movement of the leading. The algorithm for the movement is tested on the hardware and the results of the experiment are included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 1183-1192
Publish at: 2018-06-01
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