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31,128 Article Results

Probabilistic Performance Index based Contingency Screening for Composite Power System Reliability Evaluation

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2661-2670
Venkata Satheesh Babu K , Madhusudan V , Ganesh V
Composite power system reliability involves assessing the adequacy of generation and transmission system to meet the demand at major system load points. Contingency selection was being the most tedious step in reliability evaluation of large electric systems. Contingency in power system might be a possible event in future which was not predicted with certainty in earlier research. Therefore, uncertainty may be inevitable in power system operation. Deterministic indices may not guarantee the randomness in reliability assessment. In order to account for volatility in contingencies, a new performance index proposed in the current research. Proposed method assimilates the uncertainty in computational procedure. Reliability test systems like Roy Billinton Test System-6 bus system and IEEE-24 bus reliability test systems were used to test the effectiveness of a proposed method.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2661-2670
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Structuring Elements of Hit or Miss to Identify Pattern of Benchmark Latin Alphabets Strokes

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp356-362
Norzehan Sakamat , Noor Elaiza Abd Khalid , Inda Ishadah Nazrul Azha
Identification of features in correct alphabet stroke formation is a primary factor in acknowledging handwriting legibility. Hit–or-Miss transform is a morphology operator that is often applied to identify geometric features. Identifying the correct structuring elements (SEs) provides a good geometric feature extraction. Therefore this research proposes to identify generic SEs representing alphabet strokes. The handwriting font used is Syazalina83v3 which is  popularly use in teaching writing for lower primary school children in Malaysia. The methodology consists of four phases which are alphabet selection; image pre-processing; manual measurement and hit or miss algorithm with single and various combination of 2x2, 3x3 and 5x5 SE window size; and SEs performance using Pearson correlation.  The  combination of horizontal and vertical, right diagonal and left diagonal SEs performs well with very strong correlation in detecting  Simple Straight Line(SSL), Complex Straight Line(CSL) , Curve Line (CL) and Combination of Curve Line and Simple Straight Line(CLSSL) based on Evan’s correlation guide.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 356-362
Publish at: 2018-10-01

User Selective Encryption Method for Securing MANETs

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3103-3111
Amal Ahmad , Shereen Ismail
Security issue is getting important day by day. At present, there are a variety of methodologies to provide protection for data confidentiality. MANETs have lots of security challenges than traditional networks like infrastructureless and self-organizing requirements. As the MANETs are dynamic networks that’s make every transmission in such networks vulnerable to many attacks and improving security level becomes a main issue. This paper introduces a user selective encryption method by operating Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple DES (3DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange (DHKE) protocol for key management in order to improve MANET security. Through the Network Simulator-2 (NS-2), the we investigate the performance of the proposed method in terms of data transfer time and network throughput for different data sizes and different sender-to-receiver number of hops. The results show the superiority of AES over other encryption algorithms. Furthermore, the effectiveness of our proposed method is verified through comparing our results with those obtained from previous studies.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3103-3111
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Simplified Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation based on Switching Schemes with Reduced Switching Frequency and Harmonics for Five Level Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3417-3426
B. Sirisha , P. Satishkumar
This paper presents a simplified control strategy of spacevector pulse width modulation technique with a three segment switching sequence and seven segment switching sequence for high power applications of multilevel inverters. In the proposed method, the inverter switching sequences are optimized for minimization of device switching frequency and improvement of harmonic spectrum by using the three most desired switching states and one suitable redundant state for each space vector. The proposed three-segment sequence is compared with conventional seven-segment sequence for five level Cascaded H-Bridge inverter with various values of switching frequencies including very low frequency. The output spectrum of the proposed sequence design shows the reduction of device switching frequency, current and line voltage THD, thereby minimizing the filter size requirement of the inverter, employed in industrial applications, where sinusoidal output voltage is required.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3417-3426
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Balancing Compression and Encryption of Satellite Imagery

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3568-3586
Ali J. Abboud , Ali N. Albu-Rghaif , Abbood Kirebut Jassim
With the rapid developments in the remote sensing technologies and services, there is a necessity for combined compression and encryption of satellite imagery. The onboard satellite compression is used to minimize storage and communication bandwidth requirements of high data rate satellite applications. While encryption is employed to secure these resources and prevent illegal use of image sensitive information. In this paper, we propose an approach to address these challenges which raised in the highly dynamic satellite based networked environment. This approach combined compression algorithms (Huffman and SPIHT) and encryptions algorithms (RC4, blowfish and AES) into three complementary modes: (1) secure lossless compression, (2) secure lossy compression and (3) secure hybrid compression. The extensive experiments on the 126 satellite images dataset showed that our approach outperforms traditional and state of art approaches by saving approximately (53%) of computational resources. In addition, the interesting feature of this approach is these three options that mimic reality by imposing every time a different approach to deal with the problem of limited computing and communication resources.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3568-3586
Publish at: 2018-10-01

An Event-based Middleware for Syntactical Interoperability in Internet of Things

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3784-3792
Eko Sakti Pramukantoro , Husnul Anwari
Internet of Things (IoT) connecting sensors or devices that record physical observations of the environment and a variety of applications or other Internet services. Along with the increasing number and diversity of devices connected, there arises a problem called interoperability. One type of interoperability is syntactical interoperability, where the IoT should be able to connect all devices through various data protocols. Based on this problem, we proposed a middleware that capable of supporting interoperability by providing a multi-protocol gateway between COAP, MQTT, and WebSocket. This middleware is developed using event-based architecture by implementing publish-subscribe pattern. We also developed a system to test the performance of middleware in terms of success rate and delay delivery of data. The system consists of temperature and humidity sensors using COAP and MQTT as a publisher and web application using WebSocket as a subscriber. The results for data transmission, either from sensors or MQTT COAP has a success rate above 90%, the average delay delivery of data from sensors COAP and MQTT below 1 second, for packet loss rate varied between 0% - 25%. The interoperability testing has been done using Interoperability assessment methodology and found out that ours is qualified.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3784-3792
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Enhanced Transmission and Receiver Diversity in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Systems using Blind Channel Estimation

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2738-2743
Vivek Kumar Gupta , Sandip Vijay
This paper deals with the blind channel estimation technique in OFDM system with receiver diversity to analyze the bit error rate with respect to the number of symbols. The paper clearly brings out the advantage that is being offered by the use of Blind channel estimation technique in terms of SNR requirements. Also a comparative study has been made for the analysis of BER variation with the amount i.e. number of symbols being transmitted. The work also explores the possibility of obtaining an optimum value of number of receivers that may lead to desired BER for threshold value of SNR in an OFDM system.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2738-2743
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Design of Wide-band Power Amplifier based on Power Combiner Technique with Low Intermodulation Distortion

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3504-3511
Mussa Mabrok , Zahriladha Zakaria , Nasrullah Saifullah
RF power amplifiers are one of challenging blocks in designing radio frequency transceivers, this is due to non-linearity behavior of power amplifiers that leads to inter-modulation distortion. This paper presents the design of wide-band power amplifier which combined with parallel coupled line band pass filter at the input and output of power amplifier to allow the only required frequency band to pass through the power amplifier. Class-A topology and ATF-511P8 transistor are used in this design. Advanced Design System software used as a simulation tool to simulate the designed wide-band power amplifier. The simulation results showed an input return loss (S11) which less than -10dB, and gain (S21) is higher than 10 dB over the entire frequency band and considers as flat as well. The designed amplifier is stable over the bandwidth (K>1). Inter-modulation distortion is -56.919dBc which is less than -50dBc with 10dBm input power. The designed amplifier can be used for the microwave applications which include weather radar, satellite communication, wireless networking, mobile, and TV.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3504-3511
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Adaptive Multi-state Millimeter Wave Cell Selection Scheme for 5G communication

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2967-2978
Mothana L Attiah , Azmi Awang Md Isa , Zahriladha Zakaria , Nor Fadzilah Abdullah , Mahamod Ismail , Rosdiadee Nordin
Millimeter wave bands have been introduced as one of the most promising solutions to alleviate the spectrum secrecy in the upcoming future cellular technology (5G) due the enormous amount of raw bandwidth available in these bands. However, the inherent propagation characteristics of mmWave frequencies could impose new challenges i.e. higher path loss, atmospheric absorption, and rain attenuation which in turn increase the outage probability and hence, degrading the overall system performance. Therefore, in this paper, a novel flexible scheme is proposed namely Adaptive Multi-State MmWave Cell Selection (AMSMC-S) through adopting three classes of mmWave base stations, able to operate at various mmWave carrier frequencies (73, 38 and 28 GHz). Two mmWave cellular Grid-Based cell deployment scenarios have been implemented with two inter-site-distances 200 m and 300 m, corresponding to target area of (2.1 km2) and (2.2 km2). The maximum SINR value at the user equipment (UE) is taken in to consideration to enrich the mobile user experience. Numerical results show an improvement of overall system performance, where the outage probability reduced significantly to zero while maintaining an acceptable performance of the 5G systems with approximately more than 50% of the mobile stations with more than 1Gbps data rate. 
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2967-2978
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR)

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2812-2817
Muhammad Fachrurrozi , Saparudin Saparudin , Erwin Erwin , Mardiana Mardiana , Clara Fin Badillah , Junia Erlina , Auzan Lazuardi
Face recognition system in real time is divided into three processes, namely feature extraction, clustering, detection, and recognition. Each of these stages uses different methods, Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and Euclidean Distance. Multi-face image search using Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) method. CBIR performs image search by image feature itself. Based on real time trial results, the accuracy value obtained is 61.64%.  
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2812-2817
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Load Balance in Data Center SDN Networks

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3084-3091
Tariq Emad Ali , Ameer Hussein Morad , Mohammed A. Abdala
In the last two decades, networks had been changed according to the rapid changing in its requirements.  The current Data Center Networks have large number of hosts (tens or thousands) with special needs of bandwidth as the cloud network and the multimedia content computing is increased. The conventional Data Center Networks (DCNs) are highlighted by the increased number of users and bandwidth requirements which in turn have many implementation limitations.  The current networking devices with its control and forwarding planes coupling result in network architectures are not suitable for dynamic computing and storage needs.  Software Defined networking (SDN) is introduced to change this notion of traditional networks by decoupling control and forwarding planes. So, due to the rapid increase in the number of applications, websites, storage space, and some of the network resources are being underutilized due to static routing mechanisms. To overcome these limitations, a Software Defined Network based Openflow Data Center network architecture is used to obtain better performance parameters and implementing traffic load balancing function. The load balancing distributes the traffic requests over the connected servers, to diminish network congestions, and reduce underutilization problem of servers. As a result, SDN is developed to afford more effective configuration, enhanced performance, and more flexibility to deal with huge network designs
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3084-3091
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Improved p-q Harmonic Detection Method for Hybrid Active Power Filter

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2910-2919
Chau Minh Thuyen
The accuratedetermination of the load harmonic current is one of the important factors, it decides to effect of harmonic filtering and reactive power compensation for Hybrid Active Power Filter. The p-q harmonic detection method has been widely used in determining the harmonic currents of Hybrid Active Power Filter. However, when using this method, the dynamic response of Hybrid Active Power Filter in the transient period will have a large transient time and overshoot whenever the load changes abruptly. Therefore, in this paper an improved p-q harmonic current detection method based on fuzzy logic is proposed, which aims to reduce the overshoot and transient time in transient duration of Hybrid Active Power Filter. In order to compare the dynamic response of conventional and improved p-q harmonic detection methods, simulation results have demonstrated that: the proposed method has a shorter response time, the magnitude of the supply current in the transient time is smaller and the overshoot of the fundamental active and reactive power components is very small. This has a practical significance that contributes to the stability of the Hybrid Active Power Filter system
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 2910-2919
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Two Level Disambiguation Model for Query Translation

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932
Pratibha Bajpai , Parul Verma , Syed Q. Abbas
Selection of the most suitable translation among all translation candidates returned by bilingual dictionary has always been quiet challenging task for any cross language query translation. Researchers have frequently tried to use word co-occurrence statistics to determine the most probable translation for user query. Algorithms using such statistics have certain shortcomings, which are focused in this paper. We propose a novel method for ambiguity resolution, named ‘two level disambiguation model’. At first level disambiguation, the model properly weighs the importance of translation alternatives of query terms obtained from the dictionary. The importance factor measures the probability of a translation candidate of being selected as the final translation of a query term. This removes the problem of taking binary decision for translation candidates. At second level disambiguation, the model targets the user query as a single concept and deduces the translation of all query terms simultaneously, taking into account the weights of translation alternatives also. This is contrary to previous researches which select translation for each word in source language query independently. The experimental result with English-Hindi cross language information retrieval shows that the proposed two level disambiguation model achieved 79.53% and 83.50% of monolingual translation and 21.11% and 17.36% improvement compared to greedy disambiguation strategies in terms of MAP for short and long queries respectively.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3923-3932
Publish at: 2018-10-01

The Impact of Social Media Technologies on Adult Learning

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3747-3755
Khalil Alsaadat
Technology and social media have presented significant tools for adult learners to learn and advance continually. Fast technological advancements have enabled development of technologies used for learning. Expansion of various tools has given professors, educaters, trainers, instructers, many alternatives towards the implementation of the technology supported learning. The use of social media can improve adult learning outcomes and academic accomplishment. Social media is increasingly proven to be beneficial in adult learning and has a huge potential for adult education. This paper sheds some lights on benefits of social media for adult learners, this is incorporated through the review of previous work and some barriers that encounters social media for learning purposes. Also some social media models are reviewed to show the growth and effect of social media in adult learning context, and suggestions and recommendations are provided.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3747-3755
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Epidemic Alert System: A Web-based Grassroots Model

10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3809-3828
Etinosa Noma Osaghae , Kennedy Okokpujie , Charles Ndujiuba , Olatunji Okesola , Imhade P. Okokpujie
Most web-based disease surveillance systems that give epidemic alerts are based on very large and unstructured data from various news sources, social media and online queries that are parsed by complex algorithms. This has the tendency to generate results that are so diverse and non-specific. When considered along with the fact that there are no existing standards for mining and analyzing data from the internet, the results or decisions reached based on internet sources have been classified as low-quality. This paper proposes a web-based grassroots epidemic alert system that is based on data collected specifically from primary health centers, hospitals and registered laboratories. It takes a more traditional approach to indicator-based disease surveillance as a step towards standardizing web-based disease surveillance. It makes use of a threshold value that is based on the third quartile (75th percentile) to determine the need to trigger the alarm for the onset of an epidemic. It also includes, for deeper analysis, demographic information.
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Page: 3809-3828
Publish at: 2018-10-01
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