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29,325 Article Results

The Non-Destructive Test Method as A Simple Way to Evaluate the Quality Of Metal Core Pcbs for High Power Micro-Assemblies

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp281-286
A.V. Sukhanov , A.I Artemova , R.S Litvinenko
The article describes the necessity of an incoming quality control of the delivered power electronics elements especially at the stage of choosing a reliable supplier. In particular, in the field of the metal core PCBs production, there is a need to control not only its heat sink parameters, but also to control the quality of the joint interface of the metal core PCBs. Since the use of poor-quality materials or the violation of the technological process by the manufacturer can lead to the defects in the PCBs structure. Thus it can affect the heat sink efficiency and the reliability of the entire assembly. The article proposes and describes the method of nondestructive incoming quality control of metal core PCBs. This method is based on the use of ultrasonic layer-by-layer scanning for obtaining the internal structure of PCBs. The article presents the results of applying this method for the PCBs of various manufacturers. The data of the structure visualization and the influence of environment temperatures changes were also obtained. The result pictures of the tested samples before and after the thermal circling were obtained to study the possible degradation of the PCBs structure and its parameters.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 281-286
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Performance Analysis of HRO-B+ Scheme for the Nested Mobile Networks using OPNet

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp522-532
Shayma Senan , Aisha Hassan A. Hashim
As a demand of accessing Internet is increasing dramatically, host mobility becomes insufficient to fulfill these requirements. However, to overcome this limitation, network mobility has been introduced. One of its implementation is NEMO Basic Support protocol which is proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). In NEMO, one or more Mobile Router(s) manages the mobility of the network in a way that its nodes would be unaware of their movement. Although, it provides several advantages, it lacks many drawbacks in term of route optimization especially when multiple nested mobile networks are formed. This paper presents a new hierarchical route optimization scheme for nested mobile networks using Advanced Binding Update List (BUL+), which is called HRO-B+. From performance evaluation, it shows that this scheme performs better in terms of throughput, delay, response time, and traffic, and achieves optimal routing.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 522-532
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Online Performance Monitoring of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System using Hybrid Improved Fast Evolutionary Programming and Artificial Neural Network

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp399-406
Puteri Nor Ashikin Megat Yunus , Shahril Irwan Sulaiman , Ahmad Maliki Omar
This paper presents the development of online performance monitoring methods for grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system based on hybrid Improved Fast Evolutionary Programming and Artificial Neural Network (IFEP-ANN). The approach has been developed and validated using previous predicted data measurement. Solar radiation (SR), module temperature (MT) and ambient temperature (AT) has been employed as the inputs, and AC output power (PAC) as the sole output to the neural network model. The actual data from the server has been called and uploaded every five minute interval into Matlab by using FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and the predicted AC output power has been produced based on the prediction developed in the training stages. It is then compared with the actual AC output power by using Average Test Ratio, AR. Any predicted AC output power less than the threshold set up, indicates an error has been occurred in the system. The obtained results show that the hybrid IFEP-ANN gives good performance by producing a sufficiently high correlation coefficient, R value of 0.9885. Besides, the proposed technique can analyse and monitor the system in online mode. 
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 399-406
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Evaluation of Protective Relaying Reliability in Renewable Energy Environment

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp407-413
Z. Hisham , H. Hashim , Z. Shukri , Z. Ishak
The decrement in supply of fossil fuel led to the exploration of new energy sources, which varies from wind energy to solar energy, which are known as Renewable Energy. The main problem with these power sources are the inconsistency of their energy that depends very much on the environmental factors. The embedment of these power sources onto conventional power transmission network would affect the sensitivity and reliability of protective relaying. Two different types of solar power plant connection to power system network are presented in this paper, namely Bus Connection and T-Off Connection. Computer Aided Protection Engineering (CAPE) software is used to model the networks being protected by distance protection, and simulate short circuit scenario. This paper specifically focuses on evaluating the impact of the in-feed current being contributed by both network configurations to the reliability of distance protection.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 407-413
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Analysis and Measurement of Wave Guides Using Poisson Method

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp546-548
M. Sudha , A. Kumaravel
The Poisson equation is used to analyze and measure the waveguide in quick and exact calculation of Green's capacity. For this reason, Green's capacity is composed as far as Jacobian elliptic capacities including complex contentions. Another calculation for the quick and precise assessment of such Green's capacity is definite. The principle advantage of this calculation is effectively appeared inside the casing of the Limit Integral Resonant Mode Expansion technique, where a generous decrease of the computational exertion identified with the assessment of the referred to Green's capacity is gotten.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 546-548
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Design of a Small Renewable Resource Model based on the Stirling Engine with Alpha and Beta Configurations

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp360-367
Faisal Zahari , Muhammad Murtadha Othman , Ismail Musirin , Amirul Asyraf Mohd Kamaruzaman , Nur Ashida Salim , Bibi Norasiqin Sheikh Rahimullah
This paper presents the conceptual design of Stirling engine based Alpha and Beta configurations. The performances of Stirling engine based Beta configuration will be expounded elaborately in the discussion. The Stirling engines are durable in its operation that requires less maintenance cost.  The methodology for both configurations consists of thermodynamic formulation of Stirling Cycle, Schmidt theory and few composition of flywheel and Ross-Yoke dimension. Customarily, the Stirling engine based Beta configuration will operate during the occurrence of low and high temperature differences emanating from any type of waste heat energy. A straightforward analysis on the performance of Stirling engine based Beta configuration has been performed corresponding to the temperature variation of cooling agent. The results have shown that the temperature variation of cooling agent has a direct effect on the performances of Stirling engine in terms of its speed, voltage and output power. 
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 360-367
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Real Time Application of Fourier Transforms

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp574-577
S. S.Shenbaga Ezhil
In recent days increasing the use of Fourier transform in various applications. The Fourier transform is the simplest among the other transformation method. It is less time consuming, used in power distribution system, mechanical system, industry and wireless network. Mainly in power distribution system the mitigation of power quality disturbance require fast, accuracy and high noise immune method. In the Fourier Transform (FT) area, the advancements of oversampling, computerized sifting and clamor molding are generally received for smothering the quantization commotion. The powerful quantize bits of an ADC are enhanced in view of these techniques. In any case, when preparing the wideband signs for example, linear frequency modulation flag, these strategies can't get viable results, and need high testing rate.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 574-577
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Dual-Wavelength Thulium Ytterbium Co-Doped Fiber Laser

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp457-461
Hazlihan Haris , Ahmad Razif Muhammad , Norazlina Saidin , Mohd Shahnan Zainal Abidin , Hamzah Arof , Mukul Chandra Paul , Sulaiman Wadi Harun
We report on the generation of dual-wavelength fiber laser peaking at 1990.64 and 1998.92 nm with a simple ring cavity setup. The lasers are demonstrated using a fabricated silica-based nano-engineered octagonal shaped double-clad Thulium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber (TYDF) as a gain medium in a simple all-fiber ring configuration. By using 980 nm multimode laser, a stable dual-wavelength laser is generated at a threshold pump power of 1500 mW due to the non-polarization rotation (NPR) effect occurred in the cavity. The effect has been self-controlled by a suppression of mode competition in the gain medium. The result shows that the slope efficiency of the generated dual–wavelength laser is measured to be 27.23%. This dual-wavelength TYDF laser operated steadily at room temperature with a 34 dB optical signal-to-noise ratio. Keywords: Dual-wavelength fiber laser, nano-engineered glass, silica-based TYDF, NPR effect.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 457-461
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Development of Approximate Prediction Model for 3-DOF Helicopter and Benchmarking with Existing Controllers

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp502-510
Farhat Anwar , Rounakul Islam Boby , Hasmah Mansor , Sabahat Hussain , Afsah Sharmin
Recent trend of living is getting modernized rapidly by the involvement of automatic systems. Within the aviation industry, automatic systems had become heavily reliable by the end of the nineteen centuries. The systems usually require controllable devices with desired control algorithm known as controller. Controllers can be replaced with, almost every mechanical automation aspect where, safety is a serious issue. But it is not easy to adapt a controller with a specific model at the beginning. It is important to predict the model before a controller works on the model and the controller parameters need to be adapted to get maximum efficiency. A 3-DOF (Three Degrees of Freedom) airframe model is an advanced benchmark model of real 3-DOF helicopter. It has the same uncommon model dynamics with nonlinearities, strong duel motor cross coupling system, uncertain characteristics, disturbances dependent, unmodeled dynamics and many more. The 3-DOF airframe model is a well-known platform for controller performance benchmarking. This research paper shows the development of an approximate prediction model of a Three Degrees of Freedom helicopter model and uses the proposed approximate model to observe the performance of an existent hybrid controller. The hybrid controller is the combination of two different controllers named Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) controller and Adaptive controller. To achieve the research objective, the proposed mathematical model of this airframe was used to develop transfer function and simulate with the hybrid controller in MATLAB. The performance of the controller based on the proposed heliframe model of 3-DOF helicopter have also been reported added within this paper.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 502-510
Publish at: 2017-11-01

PSS Based Angle Stability Improvement Using Whale Optimization Approach

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp382-390
N. A. M. Kamari , I. Musirin , Z. Othman , S. A. Halim
This paper introduced a new swarm based optimization technique for tuning Power System Stabilizer (PSS) that attached to a synchronous generator in a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system. PSS which is installed with Lead-Lag (LL) controller is introduced to elevate the damping capability of the generator in the low frequency mode. For tuning PSS-LL parameters, a new technique called Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is proposed. This method mimics the social behavior of humpback whales which is characterized by their bubble-net hunting strategy in order to enhance the quality of the solution. Based on eigenvalues and damping ratio results, it is confirmed that the proposed technique is more efficient than Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Evolutionary Programming (EP) in improving the angle stability of the system. Comparison between WOA, PSO and EP optimization techniques showed that the proposed computation approach give better solution and faster computation time.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 382-390
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Towards Scalable Algorithm for Closed Itemset Mining in High-Dimensional Data

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp487-494
Fatimah Audah Md. Zaki , Nurul Fariza Zulkurnain
Mining frequent itemsets from large dataset has a major drawback in which the explosive number of itemsets requires additional mining process which might filter the interesting ones. Therefore, as the solution, the concept of closed frequent itemset was introduced that is lossless and condensed representation of all the frequent itemsets and their corresponding supports.  Unfortunately, many algorithms are not memory-efficient since it requires the storage of closed itemsets in main memory for duplication checks. This paper presents BFF, a scalable algorithm for discovering closed frequent itemsets from high-dimensional data. Unlike many well-known algorithms, BFF traverses the search tree in breadth-first manner resulted to a minimum use of memory and less running time. The tests conducted on a number of microarray datasets show that the performance of this algorithm improved significantly as the support threshold decreases which is crucial in generating more interesting rules.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 487-494
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Gamma Stirling Engine for a Small Design of Renewable Resource Model

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp350-359
Syed Mohamad Hisyam Wan Dawi , Muhammad Murtadha Othman , Ismail Musirin , Amirul Asyraf Mohd Kamaruzaman , Aainaa Mohd Arriffin , Nur Ashida Salim
This paper presents a research on designing a heat engine known as the Stirling engine. The first task is to study on the background of Stirling engine including its robustness, advantages and disadvantages, history and its ability to produce useful energy. Gamma type Stirling engine will be the main focus for this paper. Thus, an effort has been made in determining a suitable formulation that will be used to design a functioning Gamma Stirling engine. This formulation can be divided into several criteria, the Stirling cycle method used to find the p-V diagram of Stirling engine, the 0th order calculation method used as a preliminary system analysis on the efficiency and performance of the engine and lastly, the Schmidt Analysis whereby used in dealing with the design and development of the engine. This formulation is then arranged accordingly into Excel programming software. As for the hardware analysis, it will be on the performance of the Stirling engine model in term of its electrical power production based on different heat source. At the end of this project, it shows that the obtained formulations can be used in designing the Gamma Stirling engine and are capable to produce an output power from the Stirling engine.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 350-359
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Development of an Autonomous Remote Access Water Quality Monitoring System

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp467-474
MD. Reza Ranjbar , Aisha H. Abdalla
Due to the vast increase in global industrial output, rural to urban drift and the over-utilization of land and sea resources, the quality of water available to people has deteriorated greatly. Before the sensor based approach to water quality monitoring, water quality was tested by collecting the samples of water and experimentally analyzing it in the laboratories. However, in today, with time being a scarce resource, the traditional method of water quality testing is not efficient anymore. To tackle this issue, several electronic (microcontroller and sensor based) water quality monitoring systems were developed in the past decade. However, an in depth study of this current water quality testing technology shows that there are some limitations that should be taken into consideration. Therefore, an automatic, remote, and low cost water quality monitoring system has been developed. This system consists of a core microcontroller, multiple sensors, GSM module, LCD display screen, and an alarm subsystem. The quality of water is read from the physical world through the water quality testing sensors and sent to the microcontroller. The data is then analyzed by the microcontroller and the result is displayed on the LCD screen on the device. At the same time, another copy of the sensor readings is sent remotely to the user’s mobile phone in the form of SMS. If an abnormal water quality parameter is detected by any sensor, the alarm system will turn on the respective red LED for that parameter and the buzzer will give warning sound. At the same time, the abnormality of the water parameter is reported to the user through SMS. The system is aimed to be used for wide applications and by all categories of users. It can facilitate the process of water quality monitoring autonomously and with low cost; to help people improve their quality of drinking water, household water supplies and aquaculture farms, especially in rural areas where residents do not have access to standardized water supply and suffer from different diseases caused by contaminated water.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 467-474
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Comparative Study of Statistical background Modeling and Subtraction

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp287-295
Mourad Moussa , Maha Hmila , Ali Douik
Background subtraction methods are widely exploited for moving object detection in videos in many computer vision applications, such as traffic monitoring, human motion capture and video surveillance. The two most distinguishing and challenging aspects of such approaches in this application field are how to build correctly and efficiently the background model and how to prevent the false detection between; (1) moving background pixels and moving objects, (2) shadows pixel and moving objects. In this paper we present a new method for image segmentation using background subtraction. We propose an effective scheme for modelling and updating a background adaptively in dynamic scenes focus on statistical learning. We also introduce a method to detect sudden illumination changes and segment moving objects during these changes. Unlike the traditional color levels provided by RGB sensor aren’t the best choice, for this reason we propose a recursive algorithm that contributes to select very significant color space. Experimental results show significant improvements in moving object detection in dynamic scenes such as waving tree leaves and sudden illumination change, and it has a much lower computational cost compared to Gaussian mixture model.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 287-295
Publish at: 2017-11-01

Synchronous Winches to Lift the Ship and Distributed Control System to Distribute the Motor Loads for Marine Using CAN Protocol

10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp586-588
R. Sundar
A shiplift is a modern alternative for these older systems. It consists of a structural platform that is lifted and lowered exactly vertical, synchronously by a number of hoists. First, the platform is lowered underwater, then the ship is floated above the support, and finally the platform with ship is lifted and the ship is brought to the level of the harbor. The modern ship lifts use synchronous winches to hoist a ship.Our project proposes a new method to construct an automated ship lifting installation. According to this, each hoisting winch is entirely controlled by a dedicated microcontroller. All such hoists on either side of the platform are networked via CAN. This result in a distributed control system that runs all the hoists synchronously, thereby achieving precisely distributed motor loads and assuring that ships cannot slip. The project uses four such hoists to raise and lower the platform. Hoists are driven by dc motors with the microcontroller controlling the winch rotational speed. Each hoist is a CAN node on the network. In order to safely operate any shiplift, all hoists must be perfectly synchronized. Winches operate at the specified speed, regardless of load, behaving as if they are mechanically coupled together. A fifth node on the network acts as the control and monitoring unit for the entire hoisting maneuver. It has switches to start and stop the process and LCD screen to display the distribution of motor loads. The Ship lifting speed is changes according to the weight of the ship.
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page: 586-588
Publish at: 2017-11-01
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