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28,428 Article Results

A Novel Sensorless Initial Rotor Position Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp156-166
Chien-Feng Wu , Shir-Kuan Lin
This paper presents a high efficiency initial rotor position estimation method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM). The approach uses the viable inductance model to analyze the optimal motor injection sine wave frequency as the motor’s test signal. Unlike other high-frequency injection methods, this approach does not require trial and error experiments. The injection frequency is identified by programmable simulations using Matlab. Experimental evaluation of 3-phase PMSM showed that this injection frequency optimization method works successfully. The proposed method can find the optimal injection frequency without experimentation, and outperforms other test signals in terms of accuracy, vibration quantity and noise. This microprocessor-developed 3-phase PMSM control driver can be applied to electrical appliances, machine tools and automation.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 156-166
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Adaptive Method for Power Quality Improvement through Minimization of Harmonics Using Artificial Intelligence

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp470-482
P. Thirumoorthi , Raheni T D
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected.  To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 470-482
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Performance of Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Controller on Inverter Circuits

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp69-80
N. H. Ramlan , N. A. Azli , N. F. A. A. Hafidz
This paper presents an extension work on the application of interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based controller (IDA-PBC) from the conventional H-bridge inverter to a 5-level Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHMI). With the controller, the inductor current and the voltage capacitor track the desired reference of the inverter to ensure that the output voltage maintains its regulation while the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is kept at low levels with fast transient response. It is designed based on the Port-Control Hamiltonian theory exploiting the dissipation properties of the averaged model of inverter circuits.  The results obtained have proven that the IDA-PBC previously developed for the H-bridge inverter can be easily extended and applied to the CHMI circuit. The simulation results showed that the IDA-PBC is able to maintain the output voltage regulation in both circuits in the case of no-load to full-load condition, load uncertainty, and structural uncertainty while maintaining THD of less than 5%. However, in all cases, CHMI has shown better performance in terms of THD percentage and transient response compared to the H-bridge inverter, which are 290 µs and 150 µs respectively.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 69-80
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Savonius Wind Turbine Performances on Wind Concentrator

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp376-383
Dygku. Asmanissa Awg. Osman , Norzanah Rosmin , Nor Shahida Hasan , Baharruddin Ishak , Aede Hatib Mustaamal@Jamal , Mariyati Marzuki
The air streams from the outlet of an air compressor can be used to generate electricity. For instance, if a micro-sized Vertical-Axis Wind-Turbine (VAWT) is installed towards the airflow, some amount of electricity can be generated before being stored in a battery bank. The research’s objectives are to design, fabricate and analyze the performance of Helical Savonius VAWT blade rotors, which is tested with and without using a wind concentrator. The Helical Savonius VAWT is tested at 0 cm without the concentrator, whereas the blade rotor is tested at concave-blade position when using the concentrator. The blade and the wind concentrator designs were based on the dimensions and the constant airflow of the air compressor. The findings suggested that the blade produced its best performance when tested using wind concentrator at concave-blade position in terms of angular speed (ω), tip speed ratio (TSR) and the generated electrical power (PE). The findings concluded that the addition of wind concentrator increases the airflow which then provided better performances on the blades.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 376-383
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Reduction in Current THD of Grid Parallel Inverters Using Randomized PR Control

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp290-296
S. Salimin , S. A. Zulkifli , M. Armstrong
In grid connected system, unity power factor current injection into the grid is vital. This can be achieved by choosing the right inverter topology, passive filter components, current controllers, and PWM switching scheme. This paper compares the output current harmonics profile between when using the conventional proportional resonant (PR) current controller and when using the modified PR current controller. By applying the latter technique, via experimental validation using TMS320F2812, the THD of the injected grid current in a parallel connected inverters system is improved.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 290-296
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Evaluation of PCB Shielding Characteristic in Near Field

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp542-548
Yih Jian Chuah , Mohd Tafir Mustaffa
Wireless electronic devices nowadays always operate in high frequency while having small and compact form factor which led to electromagnetic interference among traces and components. PCB shielding is the common solution applied in electronic industry to mitigate electromagnetic interference. In this paper, PCB shielding characteristics such as shield’s thickness, height, and ground via spacing in PCB boards were evaluated in near field. Test boards with various ground via spacing were fabricated and evaluated by using 3D Electromagnetic scanner. On the other hand, shields with various thickness and height were modeled and evaluated through simulation. Results suggested that shielding effectiveness could be improved by having greater shield’s height with smaller ground via spacing in shielding ground tracks. Shielding effectiveness can be improved by 1 dB with every step of 0.5 mm increase in shield’s height. Besides that, approximately 0.5 dB improvement in shielding effectiveness with every step of 1 mm decrease in ground via spacing. Furthermore, greater shield’s thickness can contribute better shielding effectiveness for operating frequency below 300 MHz.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 542-548
Publish at: 2017-03-01

An Automated Feeding System for Soft Shell Crab

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp564-568
Muhammad Niswar , Zahir Zainuddin , Yushinta Fujaya , Zagita Marna Putra
Soft shell crab farming has been practiced in south-east Asian countries such as Indonesia. Soft shell crabs are harvested when they have just molted to prevent their shells from being hardened. An issue arises when feeding the crabs. Farmers need to feed the crabs 5% food of their body weight. However, farmers sometimes provide incorrect amounts of food to the crabs. If farmers feed the crab exceeding the required amounts of food, it causes food wastage and dirty water in the crabs’ cage. On the other hand, less amounts of food causes slow growth and molting of the crabs. In this study, we developed an automated feeding system for properly feeding of soft-shell crabs. The automated feeding system schedules the feeding time and controls the portion of food using a microcontroller. We also developed a web-based monitoring system to monitor and generate alert message to farmers to make sure that feeding process runs properly.
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Page: 564-568
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Analysis of Three and Five-phase Double Stator Slotted Rotor Permanent Magnet Generator (DSSR-PMG)

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp213-221
R. Suhairi , R. N. Firdaus , F. Azhar , K.A. Karim , A. Jidin , A. Khamis , Z. Ibrahim , T. Sutikno
This paper discusses the performance of three and five-phase double stator slotted rotor permanent magnet generator (DSSR-PMG). The objective of this research is to propose  five-phase DSSR-PMG structure that could minimize output voltage ripple compared to three phase. In this research Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to simulate the characteristic of the three and five-phase permanent magnet generator at various speeds. The characteristic of back-EMF, flux linkage, cogging torque and flux density for three and five-phase configurations is presented. As a result, five-phase DSSR-PMG shows a lower cogging  torque and voltage ripple compared to three-phase. The cogging torque for five-phase is 80% lower than three-phase DSSR-PMG and the ripple voltage (peak to peak) of back-EMF in five-phase is 2.3% compared to the three-phase DSSR-PMG which is 55%.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 213-221
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Cross-Connected Source Multilevel Inverter for Active Power Filtering Using Unified Constant-Frequency Integration Control

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp117-124
Hairol Jaffar , Naziha Ahmad Azli
This paper proposes an Active Power Filter (APF) system which utilizes a five-level nonconventional Cross-Connected Source Multilevel Inverter (CCSMI) with a modified Unified Constant-Frequency Integration (UCI) control. The CCSMI consists of six power switches which can produce five output voltage levels. With the use of the CCSMI, the parts count is reduced with equivalent or better performance compared to the use of conventional multilevel inverters. The capability of the proposed system is tested using three types of nonlinear loads with different characteristics. The APF system is simulated under steady-state condition using MATLAB/Simulink. The results obtained show improvement in the supply current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) with room for enhancement, using the proposed APF system.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 117-124
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Heavy Metal Uptake of Corn Irrigated with Human Urine

10.11591/ijaas.v6.i1.pp1-5
Horacio Sabejon Factura
Pit latrine (PL) is one of the most common disposal systems for human excreta in low-income countries but because it is a hole in the ground, infiltration of liquid effluent into the soil can continuously occur. Poor sanitation systems permit the spread of heavy metals in urine to water bodies especially the groundwater. This study investigated the accumulation of heavy metals in shoots of corn plants irrigated with urine. A pot experiment with corn was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Urine was diluted to 3:1 ratio (water and urine respectively) and was compared to control (water only). Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), heavy metals such as Boron, Barium, Cobalt, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Nickel, Silicon, Strontium and Zinc were detected in shoots of all plants with contents ranging from 0.22 to 2,487.44 milligram (mg) per kilogram (kg). The higher amounts detected in urine irrigated plants than the control proved the presence of the metals in the urine. Reuse of urine will definitely benefit farmers while at the same time reduce the risk of heavy metal contamination in groundwater.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 1-5
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Implementation in Arduino of MPPT Using Variable Step Size P&O Algorithm in PV Installations

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp434-443
Mustapha Elyaqouti , Safa Hakim , Sadik Farhat , Lahoussine Bouhouch , Ahmed Ihlal
In order to maximize the electric energy production of a photovoltaic generator (PVG), the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are usually used in photovoltaic systems. The principle of these techniques is to operate the PVG to the maximum power point (MPP), which depends on the environmental factors, such as solar irradiance and ambient temperature, ensuring the optimal power transfer between PVG and load. In this paper, we present the implementation of two digital MPPT commands using the Arduino Mega type. The two proposed MPPT controls are based on the algorithm of perturb and observe (P&O), the first one with fixed perturbation step and the second one with two perturbations step varying with some conditions. The experimental results show that the P&O algorithm with variable step perturbation gives good results compared to the P&O algorithm with fixed perturbation step in terms of the time response and the oscillations around the MPP.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 434-443
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Classification of Heart Rate Data Using BFO-KFCM Clustering and Improved Extreme Learning Machine Classifier

10.11591/ijaas.v6.i1.pp70-76
R. Kavitha , T. Christopher
An Electrocardiogram or ECG is an electrical recording of the heart and is used in the investigation of heart disease. The heart rate varies not only in relation to the cardiac demand but is also affected by the presence of cardiac disease and diabetes. Furthermore, it has been shown that Heart Rate Variability (HRV) may be used as an early indicator of cardiac disease susceptibility and the presence of diabetes. Therefore, the heart rate variability may be used for early clinical screening of these diseases. The generalization performance of the SVM classifier is not sufficient for the correct classification of heart rate data. To overcome this problem the Improved Extreme Learning Machine (IELM) classifier is used which works by searching for the best value of the parameters, and upstream by looking for the best subset of features using Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) that feed the classifier. In this work, nine linear and nonlinear features are extracted from the HRV signals. After the preprocessing, feature extraction is done along with feature selection using BFO for data reduction. Then, proposed a scheme to integrate Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (KFCM) clustering and Classifier to improve the accuracy result for ECG beat classification. The results show that the proposed method is effective for classification of heart rate data, with an acceptable high accuracy.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 70-76
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Modelling of e-Governance Framework for Mining Knowledge from Massive Grievance Redressal Data

10.11591/ijaas.v6.i1.pp32-41
Sangeetha G , L. Manjunatha Rao
With the massive proliferation of online applications for the citizens with abundant resources, there is a tremendous hike in usage of e-governance platforms. Right from entrepreneur, players, politicians, students, or anyone who are highly depending on web-based grievance redressal networking sites, which generates loads of massive grievance data that are not only challenging but also highly impossible to understand. The prime reason behind this is grievance data is massive in size and they are highly unstructured. Because of this fact, the proposed system attempts to understand the possibility of performing knowledge discovery process from grievance Data using conventional data mining algorithms. Designed in Java considering massive number of online e-governance framework from civilian’s grievance discussion forums, the proposed system evaluates the effectiveness of performing datamining for Big data.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 32-41
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Comparison Of Cascaded H-bridge Inverters for Harmonic Mitigation Considering Various Loads

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp10-19
Suresh Natarajan , R. Samuel Rajesh
This paper compares the reduction of harmonics in various level cascaded H-bridge inverters. The switching angles for the cascaded H-bridge inverter were calculated by evolutionary optimization technique. Fourier analysis is used to determine the switching angles for the desired electrical parameters. Lower order harmonics such as third, fifth, seventh, ninth and eleventh order harmonics were taken into consideration to reduce the total harmonic distortion. Simulation was done for thirteen, fifteen and seventeen level cascaded H-bridge inverters using Matlab. Total harmonic distortion of voltage and current for R, RL and  Motor load were analyzed.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 10-19
Publish at: 2017-03-01

Analysis of Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in DC System with Renewable Energy Sources

10.11591/ijaas.v6.i1.pp64-69
S. Sanjeeva Rayudu , C. Ganesh , B.Vignesh Naik
Superconducting fault-current limiters (SFCLs) have been the subject of research and development for many years and offer an attractive solution to the problem of rising fault levels in electrical distribution systems.  SFCLs can greatly reduce fault currents and the damage at the point of fault, and help improve the stability of a power system. Superconducting fault-current limiters (SFCL) provide a  new efficient approach to the reliable handling of such  faults.(SCFLs) can be used for various nominal voltages and currents, and can  be  adapted  to  particular  limiting  characteristics  in  case  of  short  circuits. In this project, dc resistive type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is presented. This SFCL is designed for the HVDC system.  Uniform current and voltage sharing among the SFCL modules can be observed through contact resistance tests, dc flow-through tests, and ac flow-through tests. Results of tests show that each limiting module has good uniformity in higher current system. The proposed concept can be implemented using renewable energy sources. The results are presented by using Matlab/simulink platform.
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Page: 64-69
Publish at: 2017-03-01
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